World Data - IU Libraries Blogs
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World Data - IU Libraries Blogs
World Data ENCYCLOPÆDIA Britannica France1 Area and population (continued) area Official name: République Française (French Republic). Form of government: republic with two legislative houses (Parliament; Senate [331], National Assembly [577]). Chief of state: President. Head of government: Prime Minister. Capital: Paris. Official language: French. Official religion: none. Monetary unit: euro (>); valuation (Sept. 5, 2007) 1 U.S.$ = >0.74; 1 £ = >1.48. Area and population area Regions Departments Alsace Bas-Rhin Haut-Rhin Aquitaine Dordogne Gironde Landes Lot-et-Garonne Pyrénées-Atlantiques Auvergne Allier Cantal Haute-Loire Puy-de-Dôme Basse-Normandie (Lower Normandy) Calvados Manche Orne Bourgogne (Burgundy) Côte-d’Or Nièvre Saône-et-Loire Yonne Bretagne (Brittany) Côtes-d’Armor Finistère llle-et-Vilaine Morbihan Centre Cher Eure-et-Loir Indre Indre-et-Loire Loir-et-Cher Loiret Champagne-Ardenne Ardennes Aube Haute-Marne Marne Corse3 (Corsica) Corse-du-Sud Haute-Corse Franche-Comté Doubs Haute-Saône Jura Territoire de Belfort Haute-Normandie (Upper Normandy) Eure Seine-Maritime Île-de-France Essonne Hauts-de-Seine Paris Seine-et-Marne Seine-Saint-Denis Val-de-Marne Val-d’Oise Yvelines Languedoc-Roussillon Aude Gard Hérault Lozère Pyrénées-Orientales Limousin Corrèze Creuse Haute-Vienne Lorraine Meurthe-et-Moselle Meuse Moselle Vosges Midi-Pyrénées Ariège Aveyron Gers Haute-Garonne Haute-Pyrénées Lot Tarn Tarn-et-Garonne Nord-Pas-de-Calais Nord Pas-de-Calais Capitals Strasbourg Strasbourg Colmar Bordeaux Périgueux Bordeaux Mont-de-Marsan Agen Pau Clermont-Ferrand Moulins Aurillac Le Puy-en-Velay Clermont-Ferrand Caen Caen Saint-Lô Alençon Dijon Dijon Nevers Mâcon Auxerre Rennes Saint-Brieuc Quimper Rennes Vannes Orléans Bourges Chartres Châteauroux Tours Blois Orléans Châlons su Marne Charleville-Mézières Troyes Chaumont Châlons-en-Champagne Ajaccio Ajaccio Bastia Besançon Besançon Vesoul Lons-le-Saunier Belfort Rouen Évreux Rouen Paris Évry Nanterre Paris Melun Bobigny Créteil Cergy/Pontoise Versailles Montpellier Carcassonne Nîmes Montpellier Mende Perpignan Limoges Tulle Guéret Limoges Metz Nancy Bar-le-Duc Metz Épinal Toulouse Foix Rodez Auch Toulouse Tarbes Cahors Albi Montauban Lille Lille Arras sq mi population sq km 1,836 1,361 4,755 3,525 3,498 3,861 3,569 2,070 2,952 9,060 10,000 9,243 5,361 7,645 2,834 2,211 1,922 3,077 7,340 5,726 4,977 7,970 2,142 2,293 2,356 5,548 5,938 6,103 3,383 2,632 3,311 2,868 8,763 6,817 8,575 7,427 2,656 2,600 2,616 2,634 6,878 6,733 6,775 6,823 2,793 2,270 2,622 2,366 2,449 2,616 7,235 5,880 6,791 6,127 6,343 6,775 2,019 2,318 2,398 3,151 5,229 6,004 6,211 8,162 1,550 1,802 4,014 4,666 2,021 2,070 1,930 235 5,234 5,360 4,999 609 2,332 2,424 6,040 6,278 696 68 40 2,284 91 95 481 882 1,804 176 105 5,915 236 245 1,246 2,284 2,370 2,260 2,356 1,995 1,589 6,139 5,853 6,101 5,167 4,116 2,261 2,149 2,131 5,857 5,565 5,520 2,024 2,400 2,400 2,268 5,241 6,216 6,216 5,874 1,888 3,373 2,416 2,436 1,724 2,014 2,223 1,435 4,890 8,736 6,257 6,309 4,464 5,217 5,758 3,718 2,217 2,576 5,742 6,671 20052 estimate 1,806,000 1,070,000 736,000 3,080,000 401,000 1,376,000 357,000 318,000 628,000 1,331,000 342,000 151,000 217,000 621,000 1,446,000 664,000 489,000 293,000 1,622,000 513,000 222,000 546,000 341,000 3,063,000 567,000 877,000 930,000 689,000 2,496,000 315,000 417,000 232,000 569,000 322,000 641,000 1,337,000 287,000 298,000 187,000 565,000 277,000 128,000 149,000 1,142,000 513,000 234,000 255,000 140,000 1,805,000 562,000 1,243,000 11,400,000 1,188,000 1,517,000 2,154,000 1,260,000 1,459,000 1,279,000 1,148,000 1,395,000 2,496,000 337,000 678,000 982,000 77,000 422,000 724,000 237,000 123,000 364,000 2,335,000 722,000 193,000 1,037,000 383,000 2,735,000 146,000 271,000 180,000 1,156,000 230,000 168,000 363,000 221,000 4,032,000 2,576,000 1,456,000 Regions Departments Capitals Pays de la Loire Loire-Atlantique Maine-et-Loire Mayenne Sarthe Vendée Picardie (Picardy) Aisne Oise Somme Poitou-Charentes Charente Charente-Maritime Deux-Sèvres Vienne Provence-Alpes–Côte d’Azur Alpes-de-Haute-Provence Alpes-Maritimes Bouches-du-Rhône Hautes-Alpes Var Vaucluse Rhône-Alpes Ain Ardèche Drôme Haute-Savoie Isère Loire Rhône Savoie Nantes Nantes Angers Laval Le Mans La Roche-sur-Yon Amiens Laon Beauvais Amiens Poitiers Angoulême La Rochelle Niort Poitiers Marseille Digne Nice Marseille Gap Toulon Avignon Lyon Bourg-en-Bresse Privas Valence Annecy Grenoble Saint-Étienne Lyon Chambéry TOTAL population sq mi sq km 2,631 2,767 1,998 2,396 2,595 6,815 7,166 5,175 6,206 6,720 2,845 2,263 2,382 7,369 5,860 6,170 2,300 2,650 2,316 2,699 5,956 6,864 5,999 6,990 2,674 1,660 1,964 2,142 2,306 1,377 6,925 4,299 5,087 5,549 5,973 3,567 2,225 2,135 2,521 1,694 2,869 1,846 1,254 2,327 210,026 5,762 5,529 6,530 4,388 7,431 4,781 3,249 6,028 543,965 20052 estimate 3,401,000 1,209,000 755,000 298,000 552,000 587,000 1,881,000 536,000 786,000 559,000 1,705,000 344,000 593,000 352,000 416,000 4,751,000 153,000 1,064,000 1,906,000 132,000 967,000 529,000 5,958,000 559,000 302,000 463,000 686,000 1,162,000 732,000 1,654,000 400,000 60,825,000 Demography Population (2007): 61,709,000. Density (2007): persons per sq mi 293.8, persons per sq km 113.4. Urban-rural (2003): urban 76.3%; rural 23.7%. Sex distribution (20072): male 48.60%; female 51.40%. Age breakdown (20062): under 15, 18.4%; 15–29, 19.1%; 30–44, 21.1%; 45–59, 20.4%; 60–74, 12.7%; 75–84, 6.3%; 85 and over, 2.0%. Population projection: (2010) 62,570,000; (2020) 64,890,000. Ethnic composition (2000): French 76.9%; Algerian and Moroccan Berber 2.2%; Italian 1.9%; Portuguese 1.5%; Moroccan Arab 1.5%; Fleming 1.4%; Algerian Arab 1.3%; Basque 1.3%; Jewish 1.2%; German 1.2%; Vietnamese 1.0%; Catalan 0.5%; other 8.1%. Religious affiliation (2004): Roman Catholic 64.3%, of which practicing c. 8%; nonreligious/atheist c. 27%; Muslim 4.3%; Protestant 1.9%; Buddhist c. 1%; Jewish 0.6%; Jehovah’s Witness 0.4%; Orthodox 0.2%; other 0.3%. Major cities (2005): Paris 2,153,600 (urban agglomeration 9,854,000); Marseille 820,900 (1,384,000); Lyon 466,400 (1,408,000); Toulouse 435,000 (839,000); Nice 347,900 (915,000); Nantes 281,800 (544,9325); Strasbourg 272,700 (427,2455); Montpellier 244,300 (287,9815); Bordeaux 230,600 (794,000); Lille 225,100 (1,031,000); Rennes 209,900 (272,2635); Reims 184,800 (215,5815); Le Havre 183,900 (248,5475); Saint-Étienne 175,700 (291,9605); Toulon 166,800 (519,6405). Households (2004). Average household size 2.36; 1 person 32.8%, 2 persons 32.5%, 3 persons 15.1%, 4 persons 12.8%, 5 persons or more 6.8%. Individual households 14,320,000 (56.0%); collective households 11,232,000 (44.0%). Immigration: total immigrant population (20052) c. 4,850,000; immigrants admitted (2002) 205,707, of which North African 30.7%, EU 20.8%, subSaharan African 15.2%, Asian 14.1%, other European 11.8%. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (2006): 13.1 (world avg. 20.3); (2005) within marriage 52.6%; outside of marriage 47.4%. Death rate per 1,000 population (2006): 8.4 (world avg. 8.6). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (2006): 4.7 (world avg. 11.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 2006): 2.00. Marriage/divorce rates per 1,000 population: (2006) 4.4/(2003) 2.1. Life expectancy at birth (2006): male 77.2 years; female 84.1 years. Major causes of death per 100,000 population (2004): malignant neoplasms (cancers) 251.9; diseases of the circulatory system 243.0; accidents and violence 61.7; diseases of the respiratory system 50.0; diseases of the digestive system 37.8; endocrine, metabolic, and nutritional disorders 31.1. Social indicators Educational attainment (2002). Percentage of population age 25–64 with no formal schooling through lower-secondary education 35%, upper secondary/higher vocational 41%, university 24%. Quality of working life. Legally worked week for full-time employees (2005) 36.0 hours. Rate of fatal injuries per 100,000 insured workers (2004): 3.7. Average days lost to labour stoppages per 1,000 workers (2004): 13. Trade union membership (2003): 1,900,000 (c. 8% of labour force). Access to services (2004). Proportion of principal residences having: electricity 97.4%; indoor toilet 94.6%; indoor kitchen with sink 94.2%; hot water 60.3%; air conditioner 15.4%. Social participation. Eligible voters participating in last (May 2007) national election: 84.0%. Population over 15 years of age participating in voluntary associations (1997): 28.0%. Percentage of population who “never” or “almost never” attend church services (2000) 60%; percentage of Roman Catholic population who attend Mass weekly (2003) 12%. Social deviance. Offense rate per 100,000 population (2006) for: murder 1.5, rape 16.0, other assault 269.2; theft (including burglary and housebreaking) 3,403.8. Incidence per 100,000 in general population of: homicide (2001) 0.8; suicide (2001) 16.1. © 2008 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. World Data ENCYCLOPÆDIA Britannica Leisure. Members of sports federations (2004): 15,226,000, of which football (soccer) 2,147,000, tennis 1,066,000. Movie tickets sold (2005): 174,200,000. Average daily hours of television viewing for population age 4 and over (2005): 3.43. Material well-being (2004). Households possessing: automobile 81%; colour television 95%; personal computer 45%; washing machine 92%; microwave 74%; dishwasher (2001) 39%. National economy Gross national income (2006)6: U.S.$2,256,465,000,000 (U.S.$35,725 per capita). Foreign trade12 Structure of gross domestic product and labour force 2006 in value >’000,000 Agriculture, forestry, fishing Mining Manufacturing Construction Public utilities Transp. and commun. Trade, hotels Finance, real estate Pub. admin., defense Services Other 32,700 … 198,800 101,200 32,800 66,400 197,100 568,200 126,000 403,500 65,300 1,792,000 TOTAL 2005 % of total value labour force % of labour force 1.8 … 11.1 5.6 1.8 3.7 11.0 31.7 7.0 22.5 3.6 100.04 953,100 41,700 4,129,800 1,688,100 205,000 1,599,400 4,176,200 3,256,400 2,358,800 6,419,200 2,808,1007 27,635,800 3.4 0.2 14.9 6.1 0.7 5.8 15.1 11.8 8.5 23.2 10.27 100.04 Exchange rate, > per: U.S. dollar £ SDR International reserves (U.S.$) Total (excl. gold; ’000,000) SDRs (’000,000) Reserve pos. in IMF (’000,000) Foreign exchange Gold (’000,000 fine troy oz) % world reserves Interest and prices Central bank discount (%) Govt. bond yield (%) Industrial share prices (2000 = 100)9 Balance of payments (U.S.$’000,000) Balance of visible trade Imports, f.o.b. Exports, f.o.b. Balance of invisibles Balance of payments, current account 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 1.13 1.65 1.43 0.95 1.43 1.30 0.79 1.41 1.18 0.73 1.42 1.14 0.85 1.46 1.21 0.76 1.49 1.14 31,749 492 4,894 26,363 97.25 10.3 28,365 622 5,778 21,965 97.25 10.5 30,186 761 6,303 23,122 97.25 10.7 35,314 875 5,363 29,077 95.98 10.7 27,753 878 2,878 23,996 90.85 10.3 42,652 948 1,417 40,287 87.44 10.1 … 5.05 … 4.93 … 4.18 … 4.15 … 3.46 … 3.86 80.1 60.4 … … … … +2,840 291,780 294,620 +25,920 +7,640 299,560 307,200 +3,360 +3,420 358,490 361,910 +8,380 –8,670 429,940 421,270 +1,860 –32,140 471,360 439,220 –1,150 … … … … +28,760 +11,000 +11,800 –6,810 –33,290 … Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 2004) 572,241,000,000 (510,201,000,000); hard coal (metric tons; 2004) 872,00010 (20,780,000); lignite (metric tons; 2004) none (40,000); crude petroleum (barrels; 2005) 7,800,000 ([2004] 631,000,00011); petroleum products (metric tons; 2004) 74,910,00011 (74,274,00011); natural gas (cu m; 2004) 1,374,000,000 (49,845,000,000). Retail trade (value of sales in >’000,000; 2004): large food stores 162,600; large nonfood stores 136,400; auto repair shops 120,400; pharmacies and stores selling orthopedic equipment 32,600; shops selling bread, pastries, or meat 31,800; small food stores and boutiques 15,300. Population economically active (2005): total 27,637,000; activity rate of total population 45.5% (participation rates: ages 15–64, 69.1%; female 46.4%; unemployed [April 2007] 8.2%). Price and earnings indexes (2000 = 100) Consumer price index Earnings index Balance of trade (current prices) 2001 –4,28311 0.7% U.S.$’000,000 % of total Budget (2004). Revenue: >330,140,000,000 (value-added taxes 47.1%, direct taxes 38.3%, other taxes 14.6%). Expenditures: >355,470,000,000 (current civil expenditure 86.0%; military expenditure 8.7%; development expenditure 5.3%). Public debt (2005): U.S.$1,375,000,000,000. Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (2005): corn (maize) for forage and silage 43,600,000, wheat 36,840,806, sugar beets 31,242,506, corn (maize) 13,849,729, barley 10,317,062, grapes 6,793,249, potatoes 6,680,817, rapeseed 4,533,841, apples 2,246,351, triticale 1,793,974, sunflower seeds 1,502,106, dry peas 1,330,640, tomatoes 790,049, carrots 659,313, oats 505,652, lettuce 488,736, peaches and nectarines 430,619, green peas 428,000, cauliflower 377,056, string beans 359,608, leeks 182,910, chicory roots 181,198, mushrooms 165,000, flax fibre and tow 90,000; livestock (number of live animals) 19,383,000 cattle, 15,020,198 pigs, 9,185,475 sheep, 189,998,000 chickens, 30,820,000 turkeys, 22,406,000 ducks; roundwood 34,420,000 cu m, of which fuelwood 8%; fisheries production 832,805 (from aquaculture 31%); aquatic plants production 76,678 (from aquaculture, negligible). Mining and quarrying (2005): gypsum 3,500,000; crude talc 340,000; kaolin 316,000; gold (2004) 1,312 kg. Manufacturing (value added in U.S.$’000,000; 2003): food products 27,023; pharmaceuticals, soaps, and paints 22,675; motor vehicles, trailers, and motor vehicle parts 20,269; fabricated metal products 14,264; general purpose machinery 10,595; plastic products 8,754; medical, measuring, and testing appliances 7,551; aircraft and spacecraft 7,476; publishing 6,911; special purpose machinery 6,605; bricks, cement, and ceramics 5,922; basic chemicals 5,843; base metals 5,547, of which basic iron and steel 4,117; paper and paper products 5,532; beverages 5,509; furniture 4,218. Financial aggregates8 of income (2004): wages and salaries 66%, transfers 23%, self-employment 7%, other 4%; expenditure (2005): housing and energy 24.7%, transportation 14.9%, food and nonalcoholic beverages 13.9%, recreation and culture 9.3%, restaurants and hotels 6.2%, household furnishings 5.8%. Selected balance of payments data. Receipts from (U.S.$’000,000): tourism (2005) 42,283; remittances (2006) 12,554; foreign direct investment (FDI; 2001–05 avg.) 47,391. Disbursements for (U.S.$’000,000): tourism (2005) 31,180; remittances (2006) 4,268; FDI (2001–05 avg.) 72,600. Land use as % of total land area (2003): in temporary crops 33.5%, in permanent crops 2.0%, in pasture 18.4%; overall forest area (2005) 28.3%. 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 100.0 100.0 101.7 104.5 103.6 108.4 105.8 112.8 108.0 116.1 110.0 119.3 111.8 … Household income and expenditure. Average household size (2004) 2.4; average disposable income per household (2004) >28,340 (U.S.$35,187); sources 2002 2003 +1,11911 0.2% 2004 –4,40411 0.6% 2005 –20,30511 –41,474 2.4% 4.6% 2006 –50,825 4.9% Imports (2004)11: U.S.$431,005,000,000 (machinery and apparatus 24.0%, of which electrical machinery and electronic microcircuits 6.2%, industrial machinery 4.5%; chemicals and chemical products 13.9%; road vehicles 11.7%; crude petroleum and refined petroleum 8.5%; food products 7.2%). Major import sources: Germany 17.4%; Italy 9.0%; Spain 7.4%; Belgium 7.3%; U.K. 6.5%; U.S. 6.4%; China 4.7%; The Netherlands 4.4%; Japan 3.1%; Switzerland 2.3%. Exports (2004)11: U.S.$410,700,000,000 (machinery and apparatus 22.1%, of which electrical machinery and electronic microcircuits 6.3%, industrial machinery 4.6%; transport equipment 20.6%, of which road vehicles and parts 14.7%, aircraft, spacecraft, and related parts 5.3%; chemicals and chemical products 16.9%, of which pharmaceuticals 5.0%; food 8.0%; iron and steel 3.4%; perfumes, cosmetics, and toiletries 3.0%; alcoholic beverages 2.4%). Major export destinations: Germany 15.0%; Spain 10.0%; U.K. 9.3%; Italy 9.3%; Belgium 7.7%; U.S. 6.9%; The Netherlands 4.0%; Switzerland 3.1%; Japan 1.6%; China 1.6%. Transport and communications Transport. Railroads (2004): route length (in operation) 29,085 km; (2003) passenger-km 53,080,000,000; (2003) metric ton-km cargo 46,840,000,000. Roads (2004): total length 951,220 km (paved 100%). Vehicles (2004): passenger cars 29,900,000; trucks and buses 6,139,000. Air transport (2005): passenger-km 115,116,000,000; metric ton-km cargo 5,526,000,000. Communications Medium date number in ’000s units per 1,000 persons Televisions Telephones Cellular Landline 2004 23,723 391 2006 2006 51,66214 33,897 85114 558 Medium date PCs Dailies Internet users Broadband 2005 2004 2006 2006 number in ’000s 35,000 7,93413 30,100 12,69914 units per 1,000 persons 573 13113 496 20814 Education and health Education (2005–06) Primary (age 6–10)15 Secondary (age 11–18) Lower Upper (Professional) Upper (General/Technical) Higher students student/ teacher ratio 363,285 3,962,600 10.9 7,010 1,708 } 520,736 2,625 4,35616 89,300 3,138,000 720,200 1,512,800 2,269,800 schools teachers 56,158 } 10.3 25.4 Health (20042): physicians 203,487 (1 per 296 persons); hospital beds 457,132 (1 per 132 persons); infant mortality rate (2006) 3.7. Food (2005): daily per capita caloric intake 3,681 (vegetable products 67%, animal products 33%). Military Total active duty personnel (March 2006): 254,895 (army 52.4%, navy 17.3%, air force 24.9%, headquarters staff 2.0%, health services 3.4%)17. Military expenditure as percentage of GDP (2005): 2.5%18; per capita expenditure U.S.$87118. 1Data for the French overseas departments of Guadeloupe, Martinique, French Guiana, and Réunion are excluded unless footnoted. 2January 1. 3Commonly referred to as a region but officially a territorial collectivity. 4Detail does not add to total given because of rounding. 51999. 6Includes the overseas departments of French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, and Réunion. 7Includes 2,717,000 unemployed. 8Data are end of year unless otherwise indicated. 9Period average. 10Last coal-producing mine closed in April 2004. 11Includes Monaco. 12Imports c.i.f.; exports f.o.b. 13Circulation of daily newspapers. 14Subscribers. 15Includes integration and adaption schooling. 162003–04. 17Paramilitary (2005) 104,275, of which gendarmerie 102,322. 18Includes military pensions. Internet resources for further information: • INSEE http://www.insee.fr/fr/home/home_page.asp © 2008 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.