science

Lexique 1/2
a scientist (n)
scientific (a)
a scientific field / domain
to analyze / analysis
to observe / observation
to experiment / an experiment
to check / to verify / verification
theory / practice
a laboratory / a lab
experimental work / lab work
findings / conclusions
a law
a study
research (in)
a researcher
to do research (in)
a research project
to discover / a discovery
a hypothesis
chemistry
a test tube
physics
astrophysics
biology
botany
genetics
genetic engineering
a cell
DNA
un savant, un sientifique
scientifique
un domaine scientifique
analyser / analyse
observer / observation
expérimenter / une expérience
vérifier / vérification
la théorie / la pratique
un laboratoire / un labo
les travaux expérimentaux
les conclusions
une loi
une étude
la recherche / les recherches
un chercheur
faire de la recherche (en)
un projet de recherche
découvrir / une découverte
une hypothèse
la chimie
un tube à essais
la physique
astrophysique
la biologie
la botanique
la génétique
le génie génétique
une cellule
ADN
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Lexique 2/2
biotechnology
GMO(s)
acoustics
astronomy
computer science
cybernetics
nanotechnology
liquid / solid (n/a)
a chemical
to patent
to freeze
to dissolve
to mix
to heat
to cool
to melt
les biotechnologies
OGM(s)
l’acoustique
l’astronomie
l’informatique
la cybernétique
les nanotechnologies
(un) liquide / solide
un produit chimique
breveter / un brevet
geler
dissoudre
mélanger
chauffer
refroidir
faire fondre
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Exercice 1
Trouvez l’adjectif correspondant au nom. Complétez le tableau.
corrigé en page 11
Nouns
1. analysis
1. biology
1. chemistry
1. observation
1. physics
1. science
1. theory
1. practice
1. experiment
Adjectives
Exercice 2
Trouvez le nom correspondant au verbe. Complétez le tableau.
corrigé en page 11
Verbs
1. describe
2. experiment
3. explain
4. fail
5. hypothesize
6. observe
7. predict
8. publish
9. solve
10. analyze
Nouns
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Exercice 3
Qui étudie quoi? Faites correspondre à chaque matière son spécialiste.
Complétez le tableau.
corrigé en page 11
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
astrophysics
biology
chemistry
genetics
physics
zoology
Exercice 4
Classez les mots suivants en fonction des catégories auxquelles ils
appartiennent.
corrigé en page 11
a solid / blood group / byte / carbon / cell / chip / density / DNA / gene / globule /
immune system / infrared / lens / light year / mass / pressure / pulsar / ray / shooting
star / soda / software / sulfur / weight
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Chemistry
Biology
Genetics
Physics
Optics
Astronomy
Computer science
Cloning
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Exercice 5
Chassez l’intrus. Un mot par son sens peut ne pas appartenir à la série.
Entourez-le.
corrigé en page 11
a
1. delete
2. freeze
3. to melt
4. verification
5. therapy
b
upgrade
dissolve
to modernize
observation
evil
c
reboot
debug
to upgrade
hypothesis
cure
d
boil
heat
to update
law
remedy
Exercice 6
Avec quels verbes accordez-vous les mots suivants? Mettez une croix dans la
case correspondante.
corrigé en page 11
verbs
to do
to make
to carry out
to conduct
to perform
research
experiment
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tests
Exercice 7
Les mots suivants peuvent s’employer avec certains verbes seulement.
Compléter la colonne A du tableau pour former une collocation.
corrigé en page 11
check / collect / formulate / gather / make / organize / support / test
A
B
a hypothesis
data
information
an observation
a possibility
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Exercice 8
Complétez le texte qui suit par les mots qui conviennent. (the scientific
method)
corrigé en page 11
accepted / based / formulated / observed / published / recorded / reproduced /
reproduced / submitted / suggested / validated / verified / verified
The scientific method is a series of processes characteristic of scientific investigation
and the acquisition of new scientific knowledge ___________ upon physical
evidence. The development of the scientific method is indivisible from the
development of science itself. If advances are to be made, a certain number of steps
must be taken. First and foremost a theory must be ___________ and ___________
through experimentation. Observations demands careful measurement and the use
of definitions of relevant concepts. A hypothesis includes a ___________ explanation
of the subject. Scientific work will become accepted by the community only if they
can be ___________. Experimental and theoretical results must be ___________ by
others within the science community before they can be ___________. The results
must therefore be precisely ___________ and accurately ___________. If results
contrary to the predictions are found, the hypothesis is incorrect or incomplete and
requires revision. If results confirm the hypothesis they can be ___________ in away
which will allow others to reproduce the same experiments and results. Scientific
journals use a process of peer review in which scientists’ papers describing
experimental results and their conclusions are ___________ for evaluation. Results
that are not easily ___________ are often controversial. All scientific knowledge is in
a state of flux, for at any time new evidence could be presented that contradicts a
long-held hypothesis. Thus what is ___________ as law by one generation may not
be so by the next.
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Exercice 9
Complétez les phrases par le mot qui convient. Puis dites à quelle science ils
se rapportent.
corrigé en page 11
breeding / cell / DNA / eggs / gene / reproduction / test-tube baby
1. It is defined as anything made with techniques that alter the molecular or
___________ biology of an organism by means that are not possible under natural
conditions or processes. It includes recombinant ___________ and gene deletion
and doubling.
2. It is a method of assisted ___________ that involves removing ___________ from
a woman’s ovary, combining the egg with sperm in a dish and replacing the resulting
embryos in the woman’s uterus. Since the first ___________ was conceived in 1998,
thousands of infertile parents have benefited from the procedure.
3. This technique uses specialized DNA technology to produce multiple, exact copies
of a single ___________ or other segment of DNA to obtain enough material for
further study. Dolly was the first example of such research.
4. What is produced in this process in often not something that could occur naturally
or through conventional ___________ - for example, crosses between tomatoes and
fish are possible.
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Exercice 10
Donnez les réponses aux définitions qui suivent. Faites correspondre les
questions avec les réponses.
corrigé en page 12
1. H2O is the chemical symbol for
2. The basic unit of power is called
3. Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are called
4. Paleontolgy is the study of
5. The earth has… continents
6. Mathematics is the study of
7. The speed of light is
8. The absence of matter is called
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a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
vacuum
300,000 kilometers per second
watt
water
numbers
ancient life forms
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fossil fuels
Exercice 11
Quel est le nom des sciences suivantes? (scientific fields)
corrigé en page 12
1. The science that deals with the Universe beyond the Earth is called ___________.
2. The scientific study of matter and motion is called ___________.
3. The scientific study of the composition, structure, and properties of substances
and the changes they undergo is called ___________.
4. The study of the patterns of inheritance of specific traits is called ___________.
5. The science that studies living organisms is called ___________.
6. The study and classification of animals and animal life is called ___________.
7. The study of plants is called ___________.
8. The manipulation of living organisms to create new products or to modify existing
ones is called ___________.
9. Creating genetically identical cells from a single ancestor is called ___________.
10. The science of creating highly miniaturized machines that work on the molecular
level is called ___________.
11. The study of how electrical-mechanical devices can duplicate actions of the
human body is called ___________.
12. The science related to the design, construction and operation of nuclear reactors
is called ___________.
13. The artificial introduction of changes to the genes in a cell is called ___________.
14. The science of low temperature phenomena is called ___________.
15. The branch of the astronomy dealing with the physics of astronomical objects and
phenomena is called ___________.
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Corrigés 1/2
Exercice 1
1. analytical – 2. biological – 3. chemical – 4. observant – 5. physical – 6. scientific –
7. theoretical – 8. practical – 9. experimental
Exercice 2
1. description – 2. experimentation – 3. explanation – 4. failure – 5. hypothesis – 6.
observation – 7. prediction – 8. publication – 9. solution – 10. analysis
Exercice 3
1.astrophysicist – 2. biologist – 3. chemist – 4. geneticist – 5. physician – 7. zoologist
Exercice 4
1. a solid, carbon, sulfur, soda – 2. blood group, globule, gene – 3. immune system –
4. weight, mass, density, pressure – 5. ray, lens, infrared – 6. shooting star, light
year, pulsar – 7. software, chip, byte – 8. cell, DNA
Exercice 5
1d. série de verbes propres à l’informatique. 2c. Mots appartenant à la série de la
chimie. 3a. Mots appartenant aux verbes marquant la modernization. 4. Mots propres
à la méthode scientifique. Pas d’intrus. 5b. Mots propres au remède, sauf b = mal.
Exercice 6
1. research: do, carry out, conduct - experiment: to do, carry out, perform – 3. tests:
do, carry out, conduct
Exercice 7
1. form / test / make / check / formulate / support – 2. check / organize – 3. gather /
collect – 4. make – 5. test
Exercice 8
based / formulated / verified / suggested / verified / reproduced / validated / observed
/ recorded / published / submitted / reproduced / accepted
Exercice 9
1. cell, DNA – 2. reproduction, eggs, test-tube baby – 3. gene – 4. breeding
1. genetic engineering - 2. in vitro fertilization - 3. cloning - 4. GMO (genetically
modified organisms)
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Corrigé 2/2
Exercice 10
1c – 2b – 3h – 4e – 5f – 6d – 7b – 8a
Exercice 11
1. astronomy - 2. physics - 3. chemistry - 4. genetics - 5. biology - 6. zoology - 7.
botany – 8. biotechnology – 9. cloning – 10. nanotechnology – 11. cybernetics – 12.
nuclear engineering – 13. genetic engineering – 14. cryogenics – 15. astrophysics
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