australie LH-MJ08_LH.key

Les centres de recherche
en Australie
Lyal Harris, INRS-ETE &
Michel Jébrak, UQAM
Les centres de recherche en
Australie
•
La R&D australienne est-elle meilleure que la R&D
canadienne ?
•
Un peu d’histoire de la stratégie en Australie
•
Quelques exemples de centre de recherche
La R&D australienne est-elle
meilleure ?
•
Les géoscientifiques australiens ont proposé quelques
unes des approches les plus innovatrices depuis les 20
dernières années
•
Le continuum des minéralisations aurifères de David
Groves (et sa racine chez Colvine, Robert …)
•
Les gisements Sedex de R. Large
•
Les découvertes de nouveaux types: Kambalda, IOCG…
•
Les méthodes associées: géochimie des latérites,
palaeostress mapping, gravimétrie aéroportée,
« worming » des données gravimétriques, cartographie
de la lithosphère…
Stress & fluid flow mapping Hobbs et al., http://www.agcrc.csiro.au:80/4dgm/brokenhill/brokenh1.ppt
Un investissement en
recherche plus fort
5.00
•
•
L’Australie dépense
beaucoup plus en
recherche en proportion
que le Canada
La réflexion stratégique a
au moins 10 ans
d’avance
3.75
finlande
australie
canada
2.50
1.25
0
RD vs PIB
Source: NRCan
Un contexte pas si différent
•
Une grande partie de l’Australie est un désert…
comme le Canada
•
Une grande partie de l’Australie est recouverte de
latérites, le Canada par du dépôts glaciaire
•
Une système fédéral-provincial
•
L’industrie locale s’est contracté avant celle du
Canada
•
Pas d’accès au financement (Toronto)
•
Un organisme fédéral d’excellence, le CSIRO
Pinnacles Western Australia. Photo L. Harris
Un peu d’histoire
•
L’Australie a fait une réflexion d’analyse stratégique en 1995
•
Sous la pression de l’industrie minière (AMIRA), le gouvernement
fédéral décide alors de réorienter ses financements en
combinaison avec l’industrie dans des Cooperative Research
Centres (CRCs) intégrateurs
•
Plusieurs centres de recherche constitués en Key Centres se
développent avec un financement gouvernemental
•
University of Tasmania – Centre for Ore Deposit Studies
(CODES)
•
James Cook University- Economic Geology Research Unit
(EGRU)
•
University of Western Australia – Centre for Global
Mt Newman area Western Australia. Photo L. Harris
Evolution of applied research centres in
Western Australia:
Key Centre for Teaching & Research in
Strategic Mineral Deposits
Australian Research Council Key Centres Program
(funded 6 years, 1995-2001)
Centre for Teaching & Research in Strategic
Mineral Deposits
Continuation after end of ARC funding, 2001-2002
Centre for Global Metallogeny
2002-2005
Center for Exploration Targeting
Director = Cam McCuaig
Government of Western Australia, Centres of
Excellence in Science and Innovation Program,
2005 -
DAVID GROVES
Photo from: School of Earth and
Environment, The University of WA.
http://www.see.uwa.edu.au
R J Batterham
Group Chief Scientist Rio Tinto
Chief Scientist of Australia (1999-2004)
President Australian Academy of Technological
Sciences and Engineering
Les principaux structures
CSIRO
AMIRA
Commonwealth
Scientific and
Industrial
Research
Organization
Melbourne
Brisbane,
Perth,
Sydney
Unité semiautonome, para
gouvernementale
1920
Pas de
membres
Melbourne
Perth,
CapeTown
Johannesbur
g
Organisation
d’entreprises;
Recherche financée
par l’industrie par
projets
1959
Plus de 80
compagnies
membres
Secteur minier en Australie
•9% du produit intérieur brut
•50% des exportations
•112 milliards A$ en 2007-2008
Investissement en exploration en déclin depuis 10 ans
Nouveau programme en 2007:
Minerals Down Under Flagship
• Découvrir de nouvelles ressources minérales
• Transformer les futures mines
• Assurer et augmenter les réserves futures
• Intégrer le développement durable
http://www.amira.com.au/
Support de l’industrie dans AMIRA
http://www.amira.com.au/
Minerals and Energy Research
Institute of Western Australia
- A statutory body established by the WA Government
- Fosters and promotes all aspects of minerals and fossil-fuel energy
research; grants up to 35% funding for worthwhile research projects (to
A$80 000), and co-ordinates industry sponsorship of the remaining 65%
funding for such projects.
- Awards one or two scholarships annually for post-graduate research.
"To encourage the development of the Minerals and Energy
Industries within the State by fostering
and promoting all aspects of
minerals and energy research"
http://www.dmp.wa.gov.au/meriwa/index.html
Les centres de recherche
CODES
Centre for Ore
Deposit
Research
Hobart,
Tasmanie
Centre de recherche du
Conseil de recherche
australien (ARC) situé à
l’Université de Tasmania
-Programmation orientée
autour d’étudiants de cycles
sup.
1989
Pas de membre mais
plutôt Compagnies
commanditaires
pmd*CRC
Predictive
mineral
discovery
Cooperative
Research
Centre
Melbourne
-Centre de recherche type
Joint Venture gouvernement –
industries - universités
Université de Melbourne
Formation étudiants cycles
sup.
7 M$ / an de gouvernement industrie
2001
-12 membres industriels
-6 agences
gouvernementales
-3 autres membres
Perth
-Centre d’excellence des
universités de Western
Australia et Curtiin University
of technology
(ancien Centre for Global
metallogeny de Groves)
-Programmation orientée
autour d’étudiants de cycles
sup.
2005
49 compagnies
membres
Townsville
-Unité de recherche type
consortium
-financée par le
gouvernement et l’Industrie
-Programmation orientée
autour d’étudiants de cycles
sup.
1982
4 membres niveau 1
4 membres niveau 2
5 membres niveau 3
50 membres niveaux 4,5
CET
EGRU
Centre for
Exploration
Targeting
Economic
Geology
Research Unit
EGRU - Townville
http://www.jcu.edu.au/EGRU/index.html
Applied research centres in Australia:
EGRU, JCU
- Established 1982
- Interactive resource base interfacing Academia and Industry.
- Funded through Industry and Government membership subscriptions
Principal function of EGRU : facilitate knowledge transfer in the field of economic geology
between public sector researchers, industry professionals and companies.
The Information Network
The Resource Centre
Economic Geology Training and Research
Applied Economic Geology Training for Industry professionals
EGRU
CODES - Hobart
http://fcms.its.utas.edu.au/scieng/codes/
Applied research centres in Australia:
CODES
Hub: Uni. Tasmania
Nodes :
- University of Melbourne,
- University of Queensland,
- Australian National University
- CSIRO.
- University of British Columbia ,
- Colorado School of Mines.
CODES undertakes multidisciplinary research in close association with
industry on ore deposit location, formation, discovery and recovery.
CET - Perth
http://www.cet.uwa.edu.au/
Center for Exploration Targeting
UWA, Curtin Uni., & industry
•
Develop practical technologies to increase the
effectiveness of brownfields and greenfields exploration
•
Develop methods for integration of the business and
science of exploration
•
Advance the science of exploration targeting
•
Train new generations of postgraduates with skills
directly relevant to exploration targeting
•
Develop demand for the Centre's outputs to provide
sustaining revenue over the long term
http://www.cet.uwa.edu.au/
Center for Exploration Targeting
Governance and Industry Input
The CET Board
- responsible for overall strategy, approval of annual budgets, and for monitoring technical and
financial performance.
- governance practices and fiduciary responsibilities follow those of an incorporated entity, even
though CET is an unincorporated joint venture.
-Senior industry representatives make up the majority of the Board and the External Advisory
Group (EAG).
The CET External Advisory Group
- advice on research priorities and projects, feedback on research outputs.
- membership from the mineral exploration sector.
- reports to the Board.
- ensures that the overall strategy is in line with the CET’s mission, vision, statement and
objectives.
http://www.cet.uwa.edu.au/
Center for Exploration Targeting
Les compagnies membres
Major Producer (13 $110,700)
Anglo American Exploration
AngloGold Ashanti Australia
Barrick Gold of Australia
BHP Billiton
Cameco Australia
De Beers Australia
Gold Fields Australasia
Newcrest Mining
Newmont Mining Services
Norilsk Nickel
Rio Tinto Exploration
Teck Cominco Australia
Vale Australia
http://www.cet.uwa.edu.au/
Center for Exploration Targeting
Les compagnies membres
Emerging Producer (11 –
$71,000)
Alkane Resources
Consolidated Minerals
Dominion Mining
Heron Resources
Independence Group
Mincor Resources
Mineral Deposits
Mitchell River Group
Portman Iron Ore
Sipa Resources
Troy Resources
Apex Minerals
Breakaway Resources
Brockman Resources
Dragon Mountian Gold
Emmerson Resources
Encounter Resources
Focus Minerals
Hampton Hill Mining
Image Resources
Datamine
Earth Mapping Resourcing
Runge
Gemcom Australia
Geosoft Australia
Inteirra Resource
Intelligence
ioGlobal
Maptek
Micromine
Zaparo
Mr Mark Creasy
Junior Explorer (15 –
Tanami Gold
$65,150)
Transcontinental
Investments
Anglo Australia Resources
A1 Minerals
In-Kind (10)
Universal Resources
http://www.cet.uwa.edu.au/
Education
Master of Science by Course Work (Ore Deposit
Geology & Evaluation)
Minerals Geoscience Masters Program which is
supported by the Minerals Council of Australia.
15 course work units are currently offered across five institutions:
• the University of Western Australia),
• University of Tasmania (CODES),
• James Cook University (EGRU),
• Monash University (VIEPS), and
• Cooperative Research Centre for Landscape Environments and
Mineral Exploration (CRC LEME).
+ WASM, Curtin University, Perth
Fees = $2000 per unit which amounts to a cost of $16,000 AUD for the
course overall.
- Most students work in the exploration industry
- intensive course modules
http://www.cet.uwa.edu.au/
Education: G3
Master of Science by Course Work (Ore Deposit
Geology & Evaluation)
University of Western Australia:
•
Ore Deposit Conceptual Models
•
Computer-Aided Exploration Techniques
•
South African Ore Deposits Field Excursion
•
Structural and Field Geology
James Cook University:
•
Advanced Techniques in Mining & Exploration Geology
•
Advanced Field Training
•
Resource Estimation & Production Geology
•
Business & Financial Management in the Minerals Industry
University of Tasmania:
•
Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Hydrology and Geochemistry
•
Ore Deposits of South America
•
Volcanology & Mineralization in Volcanic Terrains
•
Ore Deposit Models and Exploration Strategies
•
Brownfield Exploration
Australian National University:
•
Regolith Geology & Mineral Exploration
Monash University :
•
Geophysical Field Camp & Software Workshop
Conclusions
•
•
Mt Newman area
Western Australia.
Photo L. Harris
Le dynamisme de la
recherche
•
Complémentarité des
approches
Le dynamisme de la
formation
•
Un programme
modulaire interuniversitaire
•
Le rôle du fédéral et
de provincial
•
Le rôle de l’industrie