Governance and AIDS in AfricaANRSEBOKO

Proposal
“Governance
and
AIDS
in
Africa:
universal
access,
national
differences.
Limits,
obstacles,
perspectives”.
(CI
ANRS
12
251)
Coordination
:
M.
Enguéléguélé
(IAG
Dakar
&
F.
Eboko
(IRD,
UMR
912
Marseille)
The
Governance
Group
Presentation
Fred
EBOKO,
IRD
UMR
912
SE4S
IRD
–
INSERM
–
Université
Aix
Marseille.
France
[email protected]
Africa
in
a
global
view
22.5
million
people
living
with
HIV
in
Africa,
2009
Outline
  Brief
Introduction
:
what
“governance”
means?
  I.
History
of
AIDS
responses
in
Africa
:
from
tragedy
to
Scaling
Up
  II.
Issues
for
an
analytical
framework
  III.
Mapping
a
collective
and
interdisciplinary
proposal
 
For
an
operational
research
  IV.
The
governance
group
Background
  What
Governance
means?
To
manage
resources
  Who
governs
AIDS
policies
in
Africa?
  Hypothesis
:
Expertise
mobilization
does
not
mean
lack
of
skills
Policies
Networks
versus
Politics
  For
instance,
the
skills/expertise
turn
over
in
countries
represents
a
legal
barrier
for
implementation
of
AIDS
policies
  Objective
of
our
project:
reduce
the
gap
between
policies
and
politics
by
the
implementation
of
“Governance
Networks”
I
–
History
  An
international
Aid
Community
:
from
coordination
to
“Polyarchy”
 
From
GPA
to
UNAIDS
 
The
Global
Fund
vs
the
PEPFAR
:
Multilateralism
vs
Bilateralism
?
 Unitaid
as
a
new
funding
mechanism
 
International
Foundations
(Clinton,
Bill
&
Melinda
Gates)
 
The
African
States
and
the
AIDS
Crisis
II
–
Issues
for
an
analy;cal
framework
  From
intimacy
to
politics
  Who
governs?
o  A
Comparative
Approach
 Burkina
Faso
 Cameroon
 Côte
d’Ivoire
 Senegal
o  A
Global
Response,
National
Experiences.
Universal
Access
:
Issues
and
Challenges
II/2
Pays
Taux
de
séroprévalence
au
VIH/sida
(Année)
Pourcentage
d'adultes
et
d'enfants
dont
l'infection
à
VIH
est
parvenue
à
un
stade
avancé
de
sida
qui
reçoivent
des
antirétroviraux
(2009)
Cameroun
5.1%
(2005)
–
7.5%
(2009)
46.4%
Sénégal
0.7%
(2009)
75.6%
Burkina
Faso
2%
(2008)
47%
Côte
d’Ivoire
3.8%
(2008)
31%
(2007)
Source
:
UNGASS
2010,
UNAIDS
2008
II/3
  Research
questions
:
policies
vs
politics?
‐
Actors:
networks,
experts
and
policy
brokers
‐  Ideas
:
advocacy
coalitions
‐  E.g.
“best
practices”,
guidelines,
etc.
‐  Policy
instruments
and
power
‐  Implementation
of
AIDS/Health
Policy
in
each
country
.
Diachronic
and
synchronic
analysis
‐  Link
or
gap
between
epidemiological
dynamics
and
policies
Specific
Groups
(OVC/OEV,
MSM/
HSH,
Road
transport
workers,
Sex
workers,
etc.) III
–
Methodology
and
Framework
 Mapping
a
collective
and
interdisciplinary
proposal
  International
level
:
Global
Fund
in
a
Global
Challenge
:
lessons
from
Crisis
(Economic
Crisis,
2008)
 For
an
operational
research
 
The
Global
Fund
:
Inputs
from
an
international
strategy
• 2001:
An
international
and
multilateral
response,
Kofi
Annan’s
«War
Treasure
»
• An
idea
whose
time
had
come
• Catalyzed
African
leadership
• 2002
Launched
at
G8
Summit
in
Okinawa
• GFTAM
Funding
Rounds:
from
hope
to
constraints
1
additional
proposal
:
• 
Dr
Louis
Pizarro
(MD,
PhD
proposal
in
Public
Health.
Dir.
Pr
Jean‐Paul
Moattî
 
A
“Story
Funding”
approach
:
Senegal
Burkina
Faso,
Cameroon,
Côte
d’Ivoire?
 Who
pays?
 
Bureaucracy
organization
and
power
:
Who
Governs
 
A
second
Proposal
in
addition
:
Elise
Demange
  “Country
Coordinating
Mechanisms”
as
a
policy
instrument
:
Senegal
and
Cameroon
The
Governance
Group
Africa
  Burkina
Faso
:
Groupe
de
Recherches
sur
les
Politiques
Locales
(GRIL,
Université
de
Ouagadougou)
  Senegal
:
Africa
Governance
Institute,
Dakar
  Cameroon
:
Fondation
Paul
Ango
Ela
pour
la
géopolitique
en
Afrique
Centrale
(FPAE,
Yaounde)
  Côte
d’Ivoire
:
PAC
CI
+
Aconda
+
CERAP
(?)
France
  UMR
912
SE4S
Marseille,
Univ.
de
Lille
2/IUF,
CEPED
• 
Political
Science
(8)
• 
Political
Economy
/
Economics
(3)
• 
Anthropology
‐
Sociology
‐
Demography(6)
• 
• Public
Health
(3
+
2)
• 
International
organizations
Thank
you
for
your
kind
aFen;on
