Crossbreeding experiments on meat rabbits in a survey

Transcription

Crossbreeding experiments on meat rabbits in Northern Mediterranean
Countries: A survey
Masoero G.
in
Rouvier R. (ed.), Baselga M. (ed.).
Rabbit production and genetics in the Mediterranean area
Zaragoza : CIHEAM
Options Méditerranéennes : Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens; n. 17
1991
pages 53-66
Article available on lin e / Article dispon ible en lign e à l’adresse :
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Masoero G. Crossbreedin g experimen ts on meat rabbits in North ern Mediterran ean Cou n tries:
A su rvey. In : Rouvier R. (ed.), Baselga M. (ed.). Rabbit production and genetics in the Mediterranean
area . Zaragoza : CIHEAM, 1991. p. 53-66 (Options Méditerranéennes : Série A. Séminaires
Méditerranéens; n. 17)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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CIHEAM - Options Mediterraneennes
Crossbreeding experiments on meat rabbits in
a survey
MASOERO
ISTITUTO SPERIMENTALE PERLA ZOOTECNIA, VIA PIANEZZA,
5 , lO1 51, TORINO, ITALY
effects. The most
selected
in
modulated
to the
conditions at fixed weight.
associated with
can be
with
to be
weaning, also in
development of new
will be anexcellent tool
words:
is highly dependent on
aim of
is the
synthetics.
capitalize
and
of the economic
in populations and
out in Stations in
Spain
and
examined and analyzed
The
can be
of the
weight at fixed age
exploiting
New Zealand W. and
does by Giants
medium sized
bucks is
of fat, skinand
when the
weight is held -statistically- constant. The
efficiency. Feed efficiency ethiology has
investigated.
size is a
facts
often involved in the
in thenet
of
size at
Thus
should be
taken into account
The
using
will
and
as
mammals.
sur des lapins cì viande dans les pays
la
:t o w d’horizon’‘. La production
intensive du lapin dépend dans une grande mesure des croisements. Les souches contmerciales bénéficient largement des effets
d’hétérosis et de complémentarité. L’objectif primordial de la reclterche est la caractérisation des populations et espèces, et également
des souches sélectionnées ri partir d ’ m e espèce, ou bien synthétiques, en ce qui concerne les aspects d’importance éconontique.
et en
Les caractères de
passeronsenrevuequelques
expérimentationsmenéesdans
des Stations era France. en
production et de reproduction sont exantints et analysés séparément. Les
caractères de croissance peuvent être modulés selon le
potentiel génétique direct du mâle. et l’on peut ainsi augmenter le poids de la carcasse à un âge donné
améliorer les performances
des jeunes pour atteindre un poidsfixé. Lorsque l’on croise des
Blanches et Californiennes avec des nuîles
de race Géante ou
taille nloyenne, en général, la quantité de gras, de peau et la tnille du foie dimiment, enpourcentage
du poids total de ln carcasse. La période de croissance peut se voir fortentent réduite grâce ci Lule efficacité nteilleure. La recherche
devra se poursuivre dans le domaine de l’éthiologie de l’efficacité alimentaire. La taille de la portée est un caractère très important
qu’il fnudm étudier. La mortalité est un aspect qui fait partiedes différences entre races reflétées dans les moyennes nettes de taille de
portée au sevrage, et qui a une composante génétique.
conséquent, cette ntortalìté devrait être considérée c o n m e il se doit dans
les expériences ~rltérienres.Des recherches plus approfondies devront 2tre menées a f i ~ tde mettre au point de nouvelles souches dans
les pays du
de la
en utilisant la recombinaison naturelle OIL artificielle. L e lapin est L m excellent sujet pour la
production et un bon nzodèle pour les ntammifères domestiques.
Lapin, croisement, races.
Introduction
exploiting the gene
closely linked with
pool. All the
complex
Options
Some
exist of small complete selection units.
The basic female line of the
meat
is
issued
New Zealand White
selected
negligible
with
1989) this kind of femalesis not negligible
-
- n” 17 - 1992: 53-66
Serie A: Seminaires mediterraneens
-
while
in
1988).
own
- to
25%is
The
weaning weight(WW),
the stabilisation of
the following:
daily
New
have not
by
1989)
is possible.
effects:
daily gain
be
on daily gain
1988).
is
the Feed Constant Weight (FCW), that
is the estimated
amount of feed ingested by the animals between two
fixed body weights
et al. 1985).
THE FRENCH
EXPERIMENTS
at multiplication and
levels.
1980's the main axis of
seemed to be the intensification of
Ten
the
goals moved to
size
Atthe managementlevelthe
longevity of the does is somewhat balanced by
high
The
of
is
balanced by
the
of the waiting cages
and of the
the
of
the
allows simplified
diets.
- 2,6 kg) now
Toulousesome
NandC
to
(1971 and 1973),
(1972) and
(1988). Table 1shows
(5 to lo./,)
of N vs C.
N
efficiency only
at fixed ages the
was the N unselected
and
1988), which
was less efficient because of the
weight
at
in the
was minimum in the selected
N
vs the unselected N and also vs C. The
of the
with
d was
made
specific
C
to C,
the
the big Stations, to achieve
massive
in the usual
30-70177
(SF) and
in the
1-a), while the
1-c). The
hand the Technico-Economical
with
with
of
- Spain)
1990)) allow some opinion on the genetic
state of
+hc
Productive traits
The existence of
suggests to
them. The
is
of the single
multiway
and efficiency.
The classical
of
(1978)
of the expected
inequalities of medium sized
half giant
half
C was
so the
to
N
3%
in the medium sized and
10% in the Giants, but the
efficiency
not
at that fixed
The meatqualities
both 9%
of the
possibly of some
at
as
butsystematic
studies of the combinations which could be obtained
New
The
is
(N)
CAL (C)basis (table A).
-4%.
N, while
tobe
et
FG
we
1985, Tab 5): no effect on meathone
bucks
when some bucksF1
FG and N
to N
and C does then
was significantly
by
7%
1986).
The classic
-54-
of
of
(1970) (Table 3) on
composition of
- the
SF
also
SF >
%
>
- the skeleton weight was
-the fat content was
- equality
in SF;
in SF and
muscle contents
in medium sized
was effective:
al.(1982) (Table 4) in a
the
1027 against
local
conditions: at 2400 kcal
was: 17,3; 13,5
10,4% . The
and the body composition
quite
but
with the diets. The
advantage of
selected
and -6%
was 7%
feed efficiency (wastaging
excluded: 3,25 vs 3,47
g/g) -3% as kcal
/g of gain (7.95vs 8,18) and +9,
+11%
muscling
KNOWLEDGE
FROM SPAIN
Spanish
is suitedtostudy
the meat
of Giant
the
weight inSpain at 60-70 d is
the
lightest
1,9 kg. So the
types
should be
1989).
The Valencia
on
as well as
on the knowledge
of meatandbone
et al., 1984) andon
functions.
(1982)
7% of
N vs C in
1988) to exist between N and C
being limited tothefat
of thetotal
not
given
1982)
by
(1988) some new
available:
scientific and technical bulletin
as well as some thesis
Atthe
of
in
28
on 15genetic types of bucks
and C and N females. At
245
the
603
The
was
complemented by
(1985) with 6
genetic types. The
was
by
(1988) who utilized the same type of F1
bucks.
and
(1987) studied the
possibility of N, C and Vien
A
point is the definition of the
as N
C
always on
all the
available
(diallel) can be
pooled (=N&C) as unbiased means of
of the
additive genetic value. This is inclusive of the eventually
non additive effects the
sense
in
of
(1969).
8
as
as
F1 bucks by some l 8
cells. The tables 5.2 and 5.3 give the means of
of the N&Cpools.
Surveying by breed
-
Fawn:
in WW,
efficient inconstant
basis. The
it is fat and
with unconstant
SF because of high
(FCW). As
efficient on
in
%
the fatness
weight
sometimes WW and
within
it is
and exceptionally
- Vien
good
WW as
but
not as
being
good
is
but not always linked to
efficiency (FCW); the skin weight
F1
effect) and the fat is
as well
as the
weight;
length (CL) was
but the
good.
T -
a
WW,
and
with
efficiency on time
basis as we can also see
the high
of fatness
in the
signs of
skin, while the hot
YO
The
is
with
good
CG - Chinchilla
in
both types
to be
in fat and
good.
L - Lops: highly
and among genetic types,
as
not as
and seem
weight. The
the
seemed to
lengthened.
G§ - Giant
Spotted:
its good aptitudes
seem
to
when F1 bucks
Good as
efficiency (FCW). Skin weight
weight
so the
was
unchanged.
FG - Flemish Giant: as
1
it was
(26%) and in feed efficiency (-8%
-23% in
in
(balanced
-5s-
by
skin weight vs
fatand
gives thin
As
it was
negative
and again
skin weight but
the
was unchanged. The compactness was
A
skin weight (when
is the almost
of
methods
thickness
density. This is
of consequences as
know. Also the
weight skips down, which
causes
fatness is
delayed by
with
The shape of
of bone
was
length.Thus compactness is
The
feed efficiency
be
depending on time
with
economic
consequences.
points
data,
fixed.
7.1 the
of 1970’s
some 4954
alive
two
of
cells the means of the
size at
weaning
side the
two
(in negative sign)
with
weaning
the second is
the
including
with
The bias in the
index is evident. The
is not
losses of
did not
The genetic effects
to
(1969)
significant
at
except
which
only in 1980. This may be explained by the
70/80
the F1
(8%
less).
life this
On the
Phenotypic andgenetic effects
on litter size
A
be
is
size in
given the complexity of
the
analytical methodsneeded
to
investigate the biological components.
THEINRA SCHEMES
The
long
time
of
has
a
investigated and
selected
specific
1066
1077
(N),
1089
and
1978). The
is
as female: 75.3 vs 63 (Ni-C)
to
(1973), but also good
as
73 vs 58 and 68
C and N
(Table 6).
in C dams (23 vs
15%), which seems to be a
biological specificities often did not
with easy
that is well known in
all Giant types,
as well as in
smalled types. Thus
1089 was
employed as
selffemales.
at weaning (i) the individual
high (11 and S./); while
a significant level
(ii) genetic individual effects
(0.70
effects
0.66’”
to -0.22” (iii), while genetic
effects
-0.98“
to -0.12 (4). These changes in
components of WLS may be well explained in
of
in
the
values
low.
Table 7.2 is
in the SAS package, 1987) of
being S
of
and
of
as well as
‘80 vs ‘70 we
a
the
because of a
in N classes: this fact explains the point (ii).
STRAINS IN VALENCIA
Spain (ESTANY, 1988)
N vs C
of Valencia team
as
and WLS,
N and C
7.16 ; 5.77 and 8.71 ; 7.02
included), thus
was
alike (19.4%). A
C of
20%
the
genetic basis
selection as the
selection was
two
geneticevolution is
(diallel
while on
the
combinations
1066 dam 1077)
the many
analysed and
by
(1988)
of
inStation
field only some
level
level (1066 1077).
to this
(1988) some capital
WLS (a good
being 11 vs
C vs
of the
1986: N= 954
6.62 ; 7.22 and 5.90; 6.17, thus
ability” was
N.
-56-
To test a simple
genetic effects, a
was
to estimate
lasting
(Tables 8,
1991) involving 1789
of does
N & C and also 383
a
(TT). The
data
in a
physiological basis. This
was
because we
only 6 bucks
unknown C
(sampled
small
some cells
missing. We
effects on WLS. The genetic effects
by
simple
modelsbecause
of the
whole
was impossible. Additive genetic effects at
to N (-0,54*
vs
C as
and -0.71*:y’as
effects).
phase individual genotype N,
genetic
N,
(0.42””:k died)thus thenet effect on WLS
N was
only -0.11 as
effect and -0.29 as
Non additive individual effects
but only as individual
(1.23 ***
not
as
additive
effects
(0.6ly”>*)
as
at weaning (0.20). The chief evidence
this
was the
of individual
individuals became
the
also effective
the weaning
and 0.81y:WLS).
References
e
i
37 (199): 85-99.
and
e
50-
in
52.
25 (2): 26-33.
EstudioGenético y Selecciónde
and
110 pp.
J.,
of
Sél. Evol., 16: 367-384.
in the
effects
du
(1.06*’*’
Génét. Sél. Evol. 20: 367-378.
These
genetic
effects
with a
of does 5/8 N that is, the (N(C(CN))).
Could these
be
?
on
field could be
J.
of
and
168-176.
à
Conclusions
is
la
many cases.
effects onthe
selection on
be
neglected.
the
be
investigated,
being the
of
The building of new
by
will
the need
size
as well
the fitness in the
intensive
be examined
Also
feed
efficiency ethiology has to beinvestigated: the
could be
especially if
genetic causes may be displayed till the
effects.
de
et
fin #Etudes Toulouse.
4-9 sept 1988: 352-360.
E.
y
mammals.
J. (1988):
J.,
ESTANY, J.
will be an excellent
and as a
F.(1982):
J.,
S.,
-57-
de Valencia, (E): 322 pp.
4-5
1978: (22): 1-5.
and
Zelanda,
(1985):
di
da
24 (1): 53-58.
of Udine,
G. (1982):
feed efficiency
in
on Genetic
(E), 4-8
6:
Applied to
499-512.
134 pp.
(1978): Etude
le poids adulte. Thèse
and Tech.du Languedoc.:llO pp.
and
J.L.
(1973):
et de ses
et de
et Cunic., Comm. 4:
de la
composantes
G. (1985): La genetica nell’allevamento del
coniglio. Atti
1985: 24-40.
G.,
and
di Nuova Zelanda
Ann. 1st.
89-93.
A.,
su
(1985):
vivo.
(1987):
Stazione Alpina di Sauze d’Oulx nell’anno 1987. Tech.
N- 19: 28 pp.
(2): 93-109.
G.,
(1988): Genetics of
(1984-1987).
10-14
meat
su coniglie
(1986):
Zelanda
1st.
(1970):
19 (2): 67-
à l’abattage et de la composition anatomique de
Ann. Génét. Sél. Animale, 2: 325-346.
84.
and
(1986):
23 (3): 64-67.
(1971):
génétique du lapin de
10-12 sept. 1971
G., (1987): Quale genetica?. Atti Convegno :
(1973): La selezione
coniglio.
7-9
1973.
di
anni’’, Venegazzù (TV) 21
nov. 1987:
13-24.
and
in
“Genetic
in
de
de
cycle, Univ. Sci.
l’allevamento in
(1988):
(1991):
F.
en
et sélection du
and
18-19 gen. 1991: 21-45.
N” A-8,1990, and
(3): 29-34.
G., and
R. (1978): Etude
6
lapins
de
de la
de
de
SAS (1987):
- 58-
N Y , USA.
Table A. Abbreviations of the name of the breeds and
strains
rable B. Abbreviations of the used variables.
Size (alive)
NU Unselected
N
WLS
SF
SG Spotted Giant
CG Chinchilla
FG Flemish
Giant
at 28 d
LSW Live
T
Weight
FCW Food at Constant Weights
Table 1.
Weight
Fat Weight
of medium sized strains at the Toulouse Centre (as
% deviate from 100).
T
TN
N
C
SF
N
C
C
N
SF
N
C
C
LW28
136
4
5
111
571
34,s
64
8
7
-2
6
O
-13
-10
-13
-15
3,5S = 100
-9
-11
-11
-10
o
N
N
C
N
.k
C
*
N
*
C
SF
*
*
r:
N
C
NU
N
C
C
N
NU
N
C
5
11
497
9
102
211
93
157
98
71
60
34
35
39
42
60
37
33
17
6
6
. -6
6
567
12
9
2
-4
10
7
30,5
6
3
7
10
7
1
31,s
7
8
6
7
(NU = New Zealand Unselected, N= A1077, C = A1066).
-59-
S
7
103
6
5
8
8
2
5
96
9
9
4
9
-8
-16
-12
-2
-1
3,38 = 100
O
2
O
-2
-1
4
2,90 = 100
7
6
2
6
Table 2. Terminal sires of different adult size mated
(1978) (relative differenceto
1077 sire).
1067 (C. N.) does: the Ouhayoun's experiment
%
Compact.
at 77d
bone
435
4,70
3,55
3,70
3,65
3,70
2,60
5,3
5,s
FG
3s
3.8
3.7
2.8
127
1027
1077
1089
16
19
O
12
-4
656
7
-1
1
-4
9
2
O
2
2
O
3,6
8
25
10
3
3
37,5
-9
-26
10
8
3
2 2
23
-4
-10
l
'
5,6
9
' 11
-4
-17
8
O
68,3 = 100
8
11
Note:
1027= 4
1077= N unselected (NU) =
1089=
X
Table 3. Body composition
1970)
ofFrenchbreeds
("/O)
Table 4. Selected vs local rabbitson different diets
et al. 1982).
I
g
1027
37,O
-2
-22
i
1
11
22
t
1
2
j
X
X
-22
I
-10
-11
-30
8,18
j
j
;
(X
in crossbreeding: material and methods.
N, C,
SF,
d
N, L, CG,GS. N
N, L, CG, GS. N
N, C,
L
e
N,L.N,CG.N,SG.
FG
N, C
N,
N
c
II
N
N
N
N
dl-d2
35-84
225 I84
212 I 8 9
41-77
32-74
168 I 3 6
I
I36
45-85
60
I120
40-90
76 I 7 6
99
28-77
72
__-_________--_-_
-2000 I437
SLW
2450
2800
et al., 1985,1986
et al., 1986
1988
1987
1985
1987
et al., 1987
2400
-60-
-12
-12
-17
133
as deviation of the
N
livelslaugh,
f
x
i
31,9
Table
c'
-5
-3L
L
9
2
1
-4
% of the
a
b
c
2
X
-6L
9
4
58
-5
-5
160
O
1
!
I
3,28
-2
2
-4
-8
-7
-28
1
3,46
7,95 121
% to reference C & N,
Table 5.2. Survey of
reported below).
Tab 5.1.
LW28
Fawn
*
10 *
-11
63
-8,O
228
0,o
-10
-6
11 *
-5
11.0 *
-12,o
0,o
-11
11*
3
-11*
11*
9,0 *
5,o
-l,o *
-9
5":
7,O
370
2,o
3
9
-6 *
-3
50:':
,
2
O
5
-4
O
-4
-2
-6
-6
-10
8
e
22 *
SF
e
-10
O
Vien
a
3f
b
T
Chinchilla
CG
CG.N
Lops
L
FCW
C
7
C
-12
e
' d
L.N
Giant Spotted
GS
GS.N
C
GS.N
d
Flemish Giant
FG
FG.N
Note: The pointed types
-11,o
-6 -3
5
3
-8
3
16 *
O
-2
-2
6
-9
-6
1
-6
-4
O
5
10 *
-4
6"
-6
-6
-3
15
-5
-8
7
26 *
-5
F1 bucks.
-61-
-10
O
-1
-23
2
Table 5.2.
of reference.
of
N
C
N
33,O
30,7
C
N
C
34,3
797
767
741
737
32,7
760
120
142
137
140
151
4,21
4,48
4,43
7239
8081
7603
7774
3,86
142
15,l
4,34
0,38
7674
791
961
911
126 1029
846
38,O
38,9
39,9
37,7
5469
120
5703
128
5275
113
5501
3,17
3,29
3,18
2,99
934
145
38,6
48,7
122
18,2
3,16
0,40
5487
699
41,3
6,53
136
1009
16,s
3,34
0,43
5895
141
4,33
Se
N
'C
N
C
N
C
Se
33,O
4,25
N
Se
N
764
139
N
N
32,6
959
N
C
N
34,9
N
992
1177
5760
151
143
4,36
36,l
3,70
1084
150
355
3,72
147
5
4,03
0,42
573
586
34,6
118
121
3,41
3,47
580
63
34,7
Se
N
C
N
34,8 N
Se
3,7
3,44
120
-62-
ín crossbreeding: carcass traits (prevalence as% to reference C & N,
below).
Tab 5.1.
Fawn
a
e
SF
-10 *
16
-2
a
e
-11"
11
a
f
b
-6 Q
-5
-4 "
T
b
Chinchilla
CG
C
C'
CG.N
-6
Lops
L
d
C
e
L.N
d
Giant Spotted
GS
b
GS.N
C
c'
GS.N
d
Flemish Giant
FG
a
b
FG.N
2*
-9
-8
O
5
3Q
5"
3
-8
4
3
1
O
O
-26 :g
-8
-15
-20 *
-6
-5
-4
3
7
-5
-4
-7
-7
-8
6
-1
O
5
-4
-10
-11
-9
6
O
-6
O
3
-9
-1
-6
-16
-12 *:
6
3
C'
0 .
-10
-7 *
-4
-10
-2
Q
-10 *
-8 Q
O
-19
3
-2
6
-8
-15
g*
5
12
3
O
-2
2
5
-30 :k
1
-1
O
-8
-6
6"
17
O
-4 *
-32 *
-26 "
-10
5
Q
of reference.
SLW
a
b
C
C'
d
e
f
Note: The
typespointed
2569
2564
2454
2941
2587
2590
2405
GlTW
424
425
389
497
390
238
370
416
445
483
504
621
571
374
60,8
60,O
593
57,O
62,7
56,9
62,O
F1 bucks.
34
27
27
33
102
92
96
100
15,5
89,6
table
-63-
see
5.
Table 6.
on C, N,
and
at Toulouse
1973).
T
--C
N
--39
562
6.18
6.18
20,3
90
559
6.75
6.75
15,l
27
73,2
6.8
6.8
71,l
23
57,l
7,55
4,76
37,O
64
63,3
7,95
6,66
16,2
78,6
7,61
6,59
13,4
67,6
7,72
6,2
19,7
%
51
73
7,11
5,83
18,O
84
73p
7,98
6,95
13,l
65
73,1
6,16
5,1
17,l
---
13,2
7,12
5,98
16,O
%
62,9
7,49
5,76
23,l
63,5
7,97
68
14,7
753
7,15
6,04
15,6
66,s
7,56
6,19
16.0
C
Conc.
%
WLS
%
N
Conc.
%
WLS
%
SP
Conc.
av. ge
%
WLS
58.4
6.42
6.42
17.5
55
ge
Conc.
WLS
%
---
- 64 -
Table 7.1. Crossbreeding experiment in selected strains at Toulouse Centre: the 1970 experiment and its replication
ten years later.
1970
cc
NN
C.N
WLS
7,31
6,56
-10 % a
-25 Yo b
7,44
6,73
-10 YO
-23 %
WLS
7,77
7,37
-5 %
-17 %
7,13
6,17
-13 %
-23 %
-13 7,70
%
%
-10 7,94
-167,18
%
%
C
N
-236,72
WLS
N.C
-8 Yo
Yo
7,95
-177,32
-21 %
-30 %
755
6,OO
3)
total of subclasses)
2)
1980
cc
-27
7,81
5,71
%
8,08
6,69
-17 %
WLS
-16
8,26
6,92
%
8,03
6.87
-4 %
WLS
-13 8,73
YO
8,02
-14 YO
C
N
7,58
NN
C.N
N. C
9,16
-8 Yo -21 8,6
Yo
WLS
Estimated genetic effects
1984,1988)
(N)
g1 (N)
0,200,08
19705
1980
1970
1980
0.70
WLS
-0,98
g"
h1 (%)
(N)
(%)
-0,36
*
0,12
*-0.22
0,66 *
*
-0.12
3
4 :F
11Q
8 :F
-4
2
Note: WLS in this case does not
Table 7.2. Analysis of mortality from 1970 experiment Table 8.1. A criss-cross experiment
7.1)
(table
by loglinear model.
scheme.
1991).
CLASSES
of the
S
E
N A
S
1 9 7 0
on 4 generations: the
and
1980
Q**
of the
22>15>13
24>21>19
of
*4:4:
C<N
C>>N
C>N
23>20
C<N
17>15
of
of
4:'i;'i;
of the
P,
*
'ATGS 4'
1:
ns
:i;:):*
1
***
NN
TT
NN
TT
NN
NN
TT
TT =
-65-
+ SF -I-N).
Table 8.2. A criss-crossexperiment:thecrudebreed
effects.
N."
NN
5N
3N
CN
3
7,80
c
5c
TT
WLS
936
138
97
362
129
127
383
7,81
8,75
7,70
8,lO
7,43
6,88
*X*
NN
cc
m7,99
Se
Table 8.3. Criss-cross experiment: genetic effects from
corrected data. (additiveeffects expressed as
difference C-N;non additive asabsolute).
1033
225
914
2,95
7,61
7.63
*
2,76
ns
5,53
6,46
5,76
5,65
5,98
,5,10
4,63
WLS
WLS
***
5,66
5,28
5,83
Note: g = genetic, h=
*I
-66-
h1 (N, C)
-0,36
-0,16
C)
1,23 Q**
0,41
(N)
(N, C)
0,61 +*$
0,20
(N, C)
0,12
-0,71
0,19
-0,29
WLS
4-
g1 (N>
-0,54 **
-0,ll
**
-0,69 **
C)
EST
NOT
0,81*
EST
NOT
=
(N, C)
1,06 **

Crossbreeding experiments on meat rabbits in a survey

Transcription

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