Sécurité et politique en matière de respect des droits

Sécurité et politique en matière de respect des droits de
l’homme
Introduction
Les projets à grande échelle, en particulier dans les industries extractives, doivent s'assurer qu'ils
protègent le personnel tout en respectant les droits de l'homme et celui des communautés locales.
Cette politique est basée sur l'orientation des Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights
(VPSR, Principes volontaires sur la Sécurité et les Droits de l'Homme)*1. En 2000, les gouvernements
américain et britannique, ainsi que les grandes entreprises actives dans l’extraction et les ONG, ont
conçu le VPSHR afin de fournir aux entreprises un cadre pour les guider sur les questions de sécurité
et en matière de droits de l’Homme.
La politique du VPSHR s’est inspirée de la Déclaration universelle des droits de l'Homme2, des normes
internationales de longue date en matière de droits humains, et du Code de conduite pour les
responsables officiels des Nations Unies3.
Trois sections définissent cette politique de conduite :
Relations with privately employed security.
Relations with public security forces (police and military).
Relations with the community.
Relations with privately employed security
Privately employed security forces working for Casa must adhere to the company’s Code of Conduct
and the VPSHR. This must be enforced through a number of stringent measures covering all aspects
of their employment.
Recruitment
Security guards must be properly vetted prior to employment with the company. If local companies
are used to hire security guards, proper due diligence must be carried out to ensure they have not
been implicated in any human rights abuses.
Training and induction
All privately employed security guards must complete a training programme and induction process
before starting work with Casa. This will include specific guidance on human rights abuses, use of
weapons, standards of dress, equipment transfer, non-violent techniques and proportional use of
force. The training will be conducted at reasonable intervals throughout their employment, to ensure
that all security personnel are kept up-to-date with the training requirement. The training must be
site specific but follow the company’s policy on security and human rights.
1
2
3
http://www.voluntaryprinciples.org/files/voluntary_principles_english.pdf
http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/index.shtml
http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/codeofconduct.htm
Use of weapons
Strict rules will be issued to all security personnel regarding the use of weapons. Firearms may only
be used in extreme circumstances and when there is a direct and imminent threat to human life.
Every effort must be made to refrain from using firearms. Whenever firearms are used a report must
be made and an investigation carried out on the incident.
Equipment transfer
There must be a robust and effective method of recording all equipment transfers to security guards,
employees and the local community. The company must do everything it can to ensure that no
equipment provided by Casa is used to conduct human rights abuses.
Relations with public security forces
If working directly for Casa, then all the points outlined in section 2 equally apply to public security
forces. If security forces are present in the company’s area of operations, but not directly employed
by Casa, pressure must be applied for them to adhere to basic human rights legislation.
Engagement at all levels
As well as providing training for security forces operating on the ground, Casa must engage with
management levels in the police, military, and government, to ensure that public security forces are
supported by their commanders on security and human rights. This will involve education throughout
the public security structure.
Public contracts
The contract between Casa and public security forces on human rights should be made public to
show the local community that the company is serious about human rights abuses.
Investigation
Casa must have a transparent investigative procedure to deal with human rights abuses by public
security forces, should they occur. This must include a way to dismiss individuals if they do not
adhere to the company’s policy on security and human rights.
Public security forces not working for casa
While Casa employees should be wary of undertaking an overly political role, an interest should be
shown in local security forces not directly working for the company. Pressure, where applicable,
should be made to improve attitudes to human rights abuses if required.