MultiColonnes - Logo de LyX Traduction en français des

MultiColonnes
par
Lars Gullik Bjønnes∗
3 août 2009
1
Objectif
Le but de ce chapitre est de montrer comment utiliser le paquetage LATEX
multicol dans un document LYX. Comme LYX ne le supporte pas encore d'ori-
gine, il faut utiliser quelques trucs, qui devraient vous paraître clairs quand vous
aurez lu cette section.
1.1
Limitations
Le paquetage multicol permet de basculer dans une même page entre le
format sur une colonne et sur plusieurs. Les notes de bas de page sont gérées
correctement (pour la plus grande part), mais seront placées en bas de la page
et non en bas de chaque colonne. Le mécanisme de gestion des ottants de
LATEX, cependant, est partiellement désactivé dans l'implémentation actuelle.
Aujourd'hui seuls des ottants couvrant en largeur toute la page peuvent être
utilisés au sein de l'environnement.
1.2
1.2.1
Exemples
Deux Colonnes
Si vous voulez avoir deux colonnes dans votre texte, il faut pour insérer
\begin{multicols}{2} en mode LATEX à l'endroit où vous voulez démarrer la
disposition en deux colonnes, et \end{multicols} là où vous voulez qu'elle se
termine. Comme ceci :
The Adventure of the Empty House1
by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
fashionable world dismayed, by the mur-
It was in the spring of the year 1894
stances. The public has already learned
der of the Honourable Ronald Adair under most unusual and inexplicable circum-
that all London was interested, and the
∗ Traduction
par Adrien
Rebollo <[email protected]>.
Conan Doyle,
et ne voyant pas de nécessité impérieuse d'insérer du texte français à la place, j'ai préféré le
laisser tel quel. ar
1 NdT : Ne pensant pas être à la hauteur d'une traduction littéraire de
1
those particulars of the crime which came
nd myself thrilling as I think of it, and
out in the police investigation, but a good
feeling once more that sudden ood of joy,
deal was suppressed upon that occasion,
amazement, and incredulity which utterly
since the case for the prosecution was so
submerged my mind. Let me say to that
overwhelmingly strong that it was not ne-
public, which has shown some interest in
cessary to bring forward all the facts. Only
those glimpses which I have occasionally
now, at the end of nearly ten years, am
given them of the thoughts and actions
I allowed to supply those missing links
of a very remarkable man, that they are
which make up the whole of that remar-
not to blame me if I have not shared my
kable chain. The crime was of interest in
knowledge with them, for I should have
itself, but that interest was as nothing to
considered it my rst duty to do so, had I
me compared to the inconceivable sequel,
not been barred by a positive prohibition
which aorded me the greatest shock and
from his own lips, which was only with-
surprise of any event in my adventurous
drawn upon the third of last month.
life. Even now, after this long interval, I
1.2.2
Colonnes Multiples
Le même schéma s'applique si vous voulez plus de deux colonnes. (Vous
pouvez avoir plus de 3 colonnes si vous voulez, mais ça risque de ne pas être
très agréable à regarder.)
It can be imagined that
my close intimacy with Sherlock Holmes had interested
me deeply in crime, and that
after his disappearance I never failed to read with care
the various problems which
came before the public. And
I even attempted, more than
once, for my own private
satisfaction, to employ his
methods in their solution,
though with indierent success. There was none, however, which appealed to me
1.2.3
like this tragedy of Ronald
Adair. As I read the evidence at the inquest, which
led up to a verdict of willful murder against some person or persons unknown, I
realized more clearly than I
had ever done the loss which
the community had sustained by the death of Sherlock
Holmes. There were points
about this strange business
which would, I was sure, have
specially appealed to him,
and the eorts of the police
would have been supplemented, or more probably anticipated, by the trained observation and the alert mind of
the rst criminal agent in Europe. All day, as I drove upon
my round, I turned over the
case in my mind and found
no explanation which appeared to me to be adequate. At
the risk of telling a twice-told
tale, I will recapitulate the
facts as they were known to
the public at the conclusion
of the inquest.
Des colonnes dans une Colonne
Vous pouvez même avoir des colonnes dans une colonne :
The Honourable Ronald Adair was the second son of the Earl of Maynooth, at that
time governor of one of the Australian colonies. Adair's mother had returned from Australia to undergo the operation for cataract,
and she, her son Ronald, and her daughter
Hilda were living together at 427 Park Lane.
2
The youth moved
in the best society
had, so far as was
known, no enemies
and no particular
vices. He had been
engaged to Miss
Edith Woodley, of
Carstairs, but the engagement had been
broken o by mutual consent some
months before, and
there was no sign
that it had left any
very profound feeling
behind it. For the
rest {sic} the man's
life moved in a narrow and conventional circle, for his habits were quiet and
his nature unemotional. Yet it was
upon this easy-going
young aristocrat that
death came, in most
strange and unexpected form, between
the hours of ten and
eleven-twenty on the
night of March 30,
1894.
the Cavendish, and the Bagatelle card clubs.
It was shown that, after dinner on the day
of his death, he had played a rubber of whist
at the latter club. He had also played there
in the afternoon. The evidence of those who
had played with him Mr. Murray, Sir John
Hardy, and Colonel Moranshowed that the
game was whist, and that there was a fairly
equal fall of the cards. Adair might have lost
ve pounds, but not more. His fortune was a
considerable one, and such a loss could not
in any way aect him. He had played nearly
every day at one club or other, but he was
a cautious player, and usually rose a winner.
It came out in evidence that, in partnership
with Colonel Moran, he had actually won as
much as four hundred and twenty pounds in a
sitting, some weeks before, from Godfrey Milner and Lord Balmoral. So much for his recent
history as it came out at the inquest.
Ronald Adair was fond of cardsplaying
continually, but never for such stakes as would
hurt him. He was a member of the Baldwin,
1.3
Exemples complexes
Comme vous le savez sans doute multicol a plusieurs variables de personnalisation. Les exemples suivants montrent comment elles peuvent être utilisées
depuis LYX.
1.3.1
Préface et Saut de page
S'il reste moins de 5 cm sur la page, un saut de page sera inséré avant ce
morceau, avec un texte de préface au-dessus des deux colonnes :
Et l'histoire continue et continue et continue et continue...
On the evening of the crime, he re-
tained, and the door forced. The unfortu-
turned from the club exactly at ten. His
nate young man was found lying near the
mother and sister were out spending the
table. His head had been horribly mutila-
evening with a relation. The servant de-
ted by an expanding revolver bullet, but
posed that she heard him enter the front
no weapon of any sort was to be found
room on the second oor, generally used
in the room. On the table lay two bank
as his sitting-room. She had lit a re there,
notes for ten pounds each and seventeen
and as it smoked she had opened the win-
pounds ten in silver and gold, the money
dow. No sound was heard from the room
arranged in little piles of varying amount.
until eleven-twenty, the hour of the return
There were some gures also upon a sheet
of Lady Maynooth and her daughter. De-
of paper, with the names of some club
siring to say good-night, she attempted to
friends opposite to them, from which it
enter her son's room. The door was locked
was conjectured that before his death he
on the inside, and no answer could be got
was endeavouring to make out his losses
to their cries and knocking. Help was ob-
or winnings at cards.
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1.3.2
Préface et Sections
Comment faire si vous voulez que la préface soit un en-tête de section ?
Vous pouvez le faire, mais seulement par l'intermédiaire de commandes LATEX
à l'intérieur des paramètres de la commande multicols. Pour cette raison, la
commande ne peut pas être fournie par LYX :
1.3.3
C'est la commande de section en préface
A minute examination of the circum-
pose a man had red through the win-
stances served only to make the case more
dow, he would indeed be a remarkable
complex. In the rst place, no reason
shot who could with a revolver inict so
could be given why the young man should
deadly a wound. Again, Park Lane is a
have fastened the door upon the inside.
frequented thoroughfare ; there is a cab
There was the possibility that the mur-
stand within a hundred yards of the house.
derer had done this, and had afterwards
No one had heard a shot. And yet there
escaped by the window. The drop was at
was the dead man and there the revol-
least twenty feet, however, and a bed of
ver bullet, which had mushroomed out, as
crocuses in full bloom lay beneath. Nei-
soft-nosed bullets will, and so inicted a
ther the owers nor the earth showed any
wound which must have caused instanta-
sign of having been disturbed, nor were
neous death. Such were the circumstances
there any marks upon the narrow strip
of the Park Lane Mystery, which were fur-
of grass which separated the house from
ther complicated by entire absence of mo-
the road. Apparently, therefore, it was
tive, since, as I have said, young Adair was
the young man himself who had fastened
not known to have any enemy, and no at-
the door. But how did he come by his
tempt had been made to remove the mo-
death ? No one could have climbed up to
ney or valuables in the room.
the window without leaving traces. Sup-
1.3.4
Espace Libre
Le paquetage multicol nécessite une certaine quantité d'espace libre disponible avant et après chaque section en multi-colonnes. En plus multicol insère
de l'espace avant et après la section multi-colonnes. Pour changer ce comportement par défaut il faut insérer des commandes juste avant le \begin{multicols}.
Dans cet exemple, on place 3 cm d'espace avant et après le texte en multicolonnes :
All day I turned these facts over in
which my poor friend had declared to be
my mind, endeavouring to hit upon some
the starting-point of every investigation.
theory which could reconcile them all,
I confess that I made little progress. In
and to nd that line of least resistance
the evening I strolled across the Park, and
4
found myself about six o'clock at the Ox-
books which he was carrying. I remem-
ford Street end of Park Lane. A group of
ber that as I picked them up, I observed
loafers upon the pavements, all staring up
the title of one of them, THE ORIGIN
at a particular window, directed me to the
OF TREE WORSHIP, and it struck me
house which I had come to see. A tall, thin
that the fellow must be some poor biblio-
man with coloured glasses, whom I stron-
phile, who, either as a trade or as a hobby,
gly suspected of being a plain-clothes de-
was a collector of obscure volumes. I en-
tective, was pointing out some theory of
deavoured to apologize for the accident,
his own, while the others crowded round
but it was evident that these books which
to listen to what he said. I got as near him
I had so unfortunately maltreated were
as I could, but his observations seemed to
very precious objects in the eyes of their
me to be absurd, so I withdrew again in
owner. With a snarl of contempt he turned
some disgust. As I did so I struck against
upon his heel, and I saw his curved back
an elderly, deformed man, who had been
and white side-whiskers disappear among
behind me, and I knocked down several
the throng.
Les valeurs que vous xez avec \setlength doivent être réinitialisées, sinon vous garderez les valeurs modiées tout au long de votre document.
Remarque :
1.3.5
Largeur de Colonne et Séparation
La largeur des colonnes dans un environnement multicols est calculée automatiquement, mais vous pouvez modier explicitement l'espace entre deux
colonnes. Dans l'exemple suivant, l'espace entre les deux colonnes est de 3 cm :
My observations of No. 427
puzzled than ever, I retraced my
Park Lane did little to clear up
steps to Kensington. I had not
the problem in which I was inter-
been in my study ve minutes
ested. The house was separated
when the maid entered to say
from the street by a low wall and
that a person desired to see me.
railing, the whole not more than
To my astonishment it was none
ve feet high. It was perfectly
other than my strange old book
easy, therefore, for anyone to get
collector, his sharp, wizened face
into the garden, but the window
peering
was entirely inaccessible, since
white hair, and his precious vo-
there was no water pipe or any-
lumes, a dozen of them at least,
thing which could help the most
wedged under his right arm.
out
from
a
frame
of
active man to climb it. More
Une fois de plus, il faut réinitialiser la valeur pour éviter de l'utiliser dans le
reste du document.
5
1.3.6
Lignes Verticales
Entre deux colonnes, il y a un trait de largeur \columnseprule. Si cette
largeur est xée à 0 pt, le trait est supprimé. Dans l'exemple suivant, la ligne
séparant les deux colonnes fait 2 pt d'épaisseur.
You make too much of a trie, said
You're surprised to see me, sir, said
I. May I ask how you knew who I was ?
he, in a strange, croaking voice.
Well, sir, if it isn't too great a liberty,
I acknowledged that I was.
I am a neighbour of yours, for you'll nd
Well, I've a conscience, sir, and when
my little bookshop at the corner of Church
I chanced to see you go into this house,
Street, and very happy to see you, I am
as I came hobbling after you, I thought to
sure. Maybe you collect yourself, sir. He-
myself, I'll just step in and see that kind
re's
gentleman, and tell him that if I was a
British Birds, and Catullus, and
The Holy Wara bargain, every one of
bit gru in my manner there was not any
them. With ve volumes you could just
harm meant, and that I am much obliged
ll that gap on that second shelf. It looks
to him for picking up my books.
untidy, does it not, sir ?
Comme d'habitude, on réinitialise la valeur après usage.
Pour lire le reste de l'histoire, il faudra que vous alliez à la bibliothèque...2
2 ...ou trichez comme nous et allez la trouver dans le projet Gutenberg quelque part sur le
réseau.
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