Electronic Supplementary Information Tuning the conductivity type in

Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for RSC Advances.
This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016
Electronic Supplementary Information
Tuning the conductivity type in a room temperature
magnetic oxide: Ni-doped Ga0.6Fe1.4O3 thin films
A. Demchenko,a Y. Chang,b E. Chikoidze,b B. Berini,b C. Lefèvre,a F. Roulland,a C. Ulhaq-Bouillet,a G. Versini,a S.
Barre,a C. Leuvrey,a V. Favre-Nicolin,c,d N. Boudet,c,e Spyridon Zafeiratos,f Yves Dumontb and N. Viart a,*
Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg and Labex NIE, Université de Strasbourg - CNRS UMR 7504, 67034
Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
b. Groupe d'Etude de la Matière Condensée (GEMaC), Université de Versailles St Quentin en Y. – CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay,45
avenue des Etats Unis, 78035 Versailles, France
c. Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
d. CEA, INAC-SP2M, 38000 Grenoble, France
e. CNRS - Institut Néel, 38042 Grenoble, France
a.
f.
Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7515, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087
Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
*
corresponding author : [email protected]
Table 1: Compositions of the Ni-doped films determined by inductively
coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
Expected
Ni content (%)
0.5
2
5
Fe
Ga
Ni
(%)
(%)
(%)
72.7 ± 1.3 26.6 ± 0.8 0.7 ± 0.1
71.6 ± 1.6 26.1 ± 0.6 2.3 ± 0.1
68.9 ± 1.2 26.8 ± 1.0 4.3 ± 0.2
Magnetization (emu/cm3)
H=50 Oe
40 GFO:Ni 2%
30 GFO:Ni 5%
GFO:Ni 0.5%
20
undoped GFO
10
0
0
100
200
300
400
Temperature (K)
Fig. 1: Field-cooled magnetization curves of the doped and undoped GFO
thin films, measured in a 50 Oe magnetic field applied parallel to the
films
Magnetization (emu/cm3)
100
50
0
100
50
-50
0
-50
-100
-100
-2000
-50000
-1000
0
0
1000
2000
50000
Magnetic field (Oe)
Magnetization (emu/cm3)
(a)
100
50
0
100
50
-50
0
-50
-100
-100
-2000
-50000
-1000
0
0
1000
2000
50000
Magnetic Field (Oe)
Magnetization (emu/cm3)
(b)
100
50
0
100
50
-50
0
-50
-100
-100
-2000
-50000
0
-1000
0
1000
2000
50000
Magnetic Field (Oe)
(c)
Fig. 2: Hysteresis curves of the Ni- (a) 0.5%, (b) 2%, and (c) 5% doped GFO
thin films, measured at 300 K in parallel (black filled squares) and
perpendicular (red hollow squares).
XPS Survey scan
Al K 1486,6 eV
Ga 2p
2.5x105
O KLL
1s
O
Ni
LM
M
1.0x105
Ga LMM
C
1s
5.0x104
0.0
1200
1000
800
600
400
Ga
Ga 3s
3p
Ga
3d
Ni
2p
1.5x105
L
Fe MM
2p
2.0x105
Fe
Intensity (counts per second)
3.0x105
200
0
Binding Energy (eV)
Fig. 3: XPS survey scan spectrum of the 5% Ni-doped sample.