Le portrait physique

Transcription

Cours
Anglais
Toutes séries
Le portrait physique
Quelques idées
With summer approaching, people are literally bombarded with ads and commercials1 for slimming2
products. Every trick3 of the trade is used to make us,
poor plain4 creatures, spend a fortune on trying to
look like the empty-headed5 good-looker “on display”6.
Each year millions of us fall for it16. However, to judge
by the result, some products may not work miracles17.
Vocabulaire complémentaire
– a figure (une silhouette)
– a complexion (le teint)
– a gait (une démarche)
– good-looking (beau)
– plain (physique ingrat)
– ugly (laid)
– plump (dodu)
– slender (svelte)
– skinny (très mince)
– fat (gros, gras)
– deaf (sourd)
– dumb (muet)
– blind (aveugle)
– squat (trapu)
– sturdy (robuste)
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
hairy (poilu)
bald (chauve)
to lisp (zézayer)
to stammer (bégayer)
to limp (claudiquer)
to lurch (tituber)
all dressed up
(sur son trente et un)
slovenly dressed (négligé)
to squint (loucher)
wrinkles (rides)
pimples (boutons)
warts (verrues)
weight and height
(poids et taille).
© NATHAN, 1999 - Atout Bac, Anglais, Term. Toutes Séries (J.-F. Dreyfus).
“I used to be overweight7. Look how slim8 I am. My
friends can’t believe their eyes,” the smashing9 creature tells us. She goes on: “It’s hight time to think of
remedying the disastrous effects of past overindulgence10 at the table. Do something about that
unsightly11 triple chin12 of yours, that pot belly13 and
those rolls of flesh14. Now! Tomorrow might be too
late. You’ll only have yourself to blame if you find
yourself the butt of15 everyone’s jokes on the beach.
So why wait any longer?”
B@c en Ligne
Études de documents
1. réclames et
publicités
2. amincissants
3. ficelles,
astuces
4. pas très beaux
5. sans cervelle
6. « exposé »
7. trop gros
8. mince
9. superbe
10. excès
11. laid
12. menton
13. bedaine
14. bourrelets
15. en butte à
16. se font avoir
17. faire des
miracles
1/15
Le portrait psychologique
Quelques traits de caractères
• Généralités
– intelligent, clever (intelligent)
– smart (malin)
– bright (brillant)
– stupid, dumb (bête)
– slow-witted (lent).
• Attitude vis-à-vis de l’argent
– extravagant (dépensier)
– to be greedy for money
(être avide d’argent)
– thrifty (économe)
– stingy (avare).
• Attitude vis-à-vis des autres
– inward-looking (renfermé)
– bigoted (sectaire, intolérant)
– uncooperative, reticent
(réservé)
– forbidding (sévère)
– fussy (difficile, tatillon)
– moody (lunatique)
– gross (grossier)
– to be suspicious of other people
(se méfier des autres).
– to be anxious to discover (être
impatient de découvrir)
– to be broad-minded (avoir les
idées larges)
– to be outgoing (être extraverti)
– easy-going (facile à vivre)
– sociable, courteous (courtois)
– narrow-minded (étroit d’esprit)
– self-centred (égocentrique)
– selfish (égoïste)
• Attitude vis-à-vis de soi-même
– to be conceited (suffisant)
– boastful, bragging (vantard)
– cocksure (être sûr de soi)
– shy (timide)
– self-conscious (timide)
– to have a complex about
(faire un complexe de).
• Attitude vis-à-vis des événements
– superstitious (superstitieux)
– gullible (crédule).
• Attitude vis-à-vis de la loi
– to be law-abiding
(respectueux de la loi)
– to be fashion-conscious
(qui suit la mode)
– to be class-conscious (faire
des distinctions sociales)
– rebellious (rebelle)
– a non-conformist (dissident),
to be saucy (impertinent)
– to live on the fringes of
society (vivre en marge de la
société).
B@c en Ligne
– fatalistic (fataliste)
– God-fearing (très croyant)
2/15
Les étapes de la vie
Quelques idées
Here is the old house where you were born and where
you grew up3 until you and your parents moved4 to
Paris. Here is a snapshot5 of you. You were still a toddler6 at the time. And here you are with your second
form7 classmates8. Remember the girl next to you?
You had a crush9 on her. That was back in 1990.
Remember the tricks10 you would play on Miss Smith,
the maths teacher? It seems as if it were yesterday.
Doesn’t time fly?
You’re now about to sit for11 the baccalauréat, that
much dreaded12 exam à la française which everyone
is talking about at this time of year. Good luck!
3. avez grandi
4. ont déménagé
5. un cliché
6. un tout petit
7. classe de 5e
8. camarades
de classe
9. aviez le
béguin
10. jouiez des
tours
11. passer
12. redouté
Flicking through1 your family album, you live some
of the most memorable instants of your past existence
over2 again. The camera has immortalized them.
– Early childhood
(petite enfance)
– adolescence or teenage years
(adolescence)
– the awkward age (l’âge ingrat)
– adulthood (âge adulte)
– old age (vieillesse)
– fatherhood (paternité)
– motherhood (maternité)
– to be expecting
(attendre un enfant)
– to be pregnant (être enceinte)
– puppy love (premier amour)
– love at first sight
(le coup de foudre)
– to date somebody
(sortir avec quelqu’un)
– to get engaged (se fiancer)
– to break up (rompre)
– to make it up (se réconcilier)
– to get married (se marier)
– a pleasant memory
(un souvenir agréable)
– a painful experience
(une expérience pénible)
– graduation (U.S) (cérémonie
de remise de diplôme dans
un lycée ou une université)
– prom (U.S.) (bal de l’année dans
un lycée ou une université).
B@c en Ligne
1. En feuilletant
2. revivez
3/15
Le sort, le destin,
la superstition
1. un rationaliste
pur et dur
2. objets fétiches,
porte-bonheur
3. votre
horoscope
4. une diseuse de
bonne aventure
5. pour rire
6. ce que vous
réservait
votre destin
7. faites le tour
8. tenter
la Providence
9. nés sous une
bonne étoile
10. ont la poisse
11. un mauvais
présage
12. nient
13. la chance
leur sourit encore
• Who are you?
Are you a rationalist through and through1?
Or are you rather superstitious?
Do you believe in charms2?
• Do you ever read your stars3?
Have you ever consulted a fortune-teller4?
If so, was it ...
– for the fun of it5?
– because you really believed you’d get a clear
picture of what fate had in store for you6?
When in front of a painter’s ladder, do you ...
– systematically walk round7 it to avoid ruining your
new suit?
– walk underneath to defy danger?
– walk round it to avoid tempting fate8?
• Do you believe some people are born under a lucky
star9 and others are jinxed10?
• Do you feel that a black cat is:
– just a cat that happens to be black?
– a bad omen11?
In short, are you like millions of other people who
deny12 being superstitious and yet are always looking
for signs that luck still favours13 them?
– to be lucky
(avoir de la chance)
– to be unlucky
(ne pas avoir de chance)
– fortunately
(par chance)
– unfortunately
(malheureusement)
– by chance (par hasard)
– by a quirk of fate
(par un caprice du destin)
– by a curious coincidence
(par un curieux hasard)
– to be dogged by misfortune
(être poursuivi par
la malchance)
– her luck ran out
(la chance l’a abandonnée)
– to be a lucky devil
(être un sacré veinard)
– luck smiled on him
(la chance lui souriait)
– to keep fingers crossed
(croiser les doigts)
– to ward off ill fortune
(conjurer le sort).
B@c en Ligne
Quelques idées
4/15
Les réactions
face à un événement
1. stupéfait,
interloqué
2. fierté
3. avait rattrapé
4. l’avance,
la tête
5. était
débordant
6. le clou
7. un tonnerre
d’applaudissements
éclata
8. régna
9. être
accomplies
10. décoller
11. l’équipage
12. soulagé
On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong, an American astronaut was to become the first man ever to walk on the
moon. The event which was watched on live television by a half billion dumbfounded1 people filled the
whole US nation with immense pride2. America had
at last caught up3 with the Russians and taken the
lead4.
At Mission Control everyone was overwhelmed5 with
joy when Eagle, the lunar module, landed on Tranquillity Base, some 240,000 miles away from our planet. But the highlight6 of the day was when Armstrong
set foot on lunar soil.
Loud applause broke out7 as the astronaut proclaimed
his first tentative step onto the moon, a “giant leap for
mankind”.
Soon, however, silent concentration prevailed8 again.
Perilous operations remained to be carried out9, such
as lift-off10 from the moon and rejoining Columbia.
It was only when the crew11 splashed down in the
Pacific on July 24 that everyone felt both proud and
relieved12. They had made it to the moon and had
returned safely.
– to be all smiles
(être tout sourire)
– to radiate happiness
(rayonner de bonheur)
– to be on cloud nine
(être aux anges)
– to feel at home with
(se sentir à l’aise avec)
– to be delighted (être ravi)
– bliss (le bonheur, la félicité)
– glee (la joie, l’allégresse)
– to relish one’s triumph
(savourer son triomphe)
– to feel relieved (être soulagé)
– to have mixed feelings about
(avoir des sentiments mitigés)
– to feel miserable
(se sentir malheureux)
– to be in despair (désespérer)
– to be at a loss
(être déconcerté)
– to feel ill-at-ease
(être mal à l’aise)
– to be upset (être bouleversé)
– to frown at something
(froncer les sourcils)
– to sulk (bouder)
– to be stunned (être abasourdi).
B@c en Ligne
Un exemple
5/15
Individu et société
Quelques idées
3. comme ils
l’entendent
4. enquêtes
5. une société
de classes
6. les gens bien
7. façonnant
8. activité
professionnelle
9. les critères
10. quel est
votre statut
11. fréquenter
In India a rigid caste system still largely dictates1
what lives individuals are to lead2, what jobs they are
to have, and what partners they are to marry.
In Western countries individuals are apparently freer
to live as they please3. And yet, as is shown by a number of surveys4, our societies, in their own way, are
fundamentally class-conscious5.
A complicated system of unwritten laws serves to tell
those who belong6 from those who don’t, shaping7
people’s destinies at all levels of society. Money, occupation8, education, but also taste, values, ideas, style
and behaviour are among the criteria9 for determining where you stand10 and who you may mix with11.
1. détermine
2. mener
– the upper class
(la haute bourgeoisie)
– the middle class
(la classe moyenne)
– the working class
(la classe ouvrière)
– the underclass (sousprolétariat, quart-monde)
– outcasts
(les exclus, les parias)
– to be U
(faire partie de la haute)
– to be non-U
(être un roturier)
– to have refined manners
(avoir du style)
– to be uncouth
(ne pas être très raffiné)
– to have vulgar tastes
(avoir mauvais goût)
– to be gross (être grossier)
– to be educated (être instruit)
– snobbish (snob)
– snobbery (le snobisme)
– to despise somebody
(mépriser quelqu’un)
– to envy somebody
(jalouser quelqu’un)
– to look down on somebody
(mépriser, regarder
quelqu’un de haut)
– a status symbol
(une marque de standing).
B@c en Ligne
6/15
La presse et les médias
Quelques idées
The media have come in for1 a lot of criticism lately2,
some of which is not undeserved3.
4. dérapages
In fact, the last ten years have seen numerous cases
of journalistic misbehaviour4.
5. accusé de
6. flatter le goût
des gens pour
7. aux ordres
Tabloid journalism has been repeatedly taken to task5
for pandering to6 people’s interest in sensationalism,
while countless papers and TV channels have proved
subservient7 to local, regional or national authorities.
8. corrompus
9. dévoués
10. révéler
11. cacher à
Not all journalists, however, are corrupt8. In fact, a lot
of them are courageous, dedicated9 professionnals
doing their best to disclose10 the kind of information
that those in power would like to hide from11 the
public.
12. contre-pouvoir
13. autoritarisme
Such journalists deserve our respect and our support
as they act as a counterpower12 to the Establishment
and have proved the best rampart against all forms of
authoritarianism13.
– cable TV (le câble)
– satellite TV
(la télévision par satellite)
– a channel (une chaîne)
– a radio station (une radio)
– to switch channels
(changer de chaîne)
– a programme (une émission)
– a talk-show
(une causerie télévisée)
– a reality show (reality show)
– a soap (feuilleton télévisé à
l’eau de rose)
– the news (les informations)
– an entertaining program
(une émission de divertissement)
– to boost audience ratings
(faire de l’audimat)
– quality papers (journaux de
bonne tenue)
– tabloids (journaux de petits
formats, presse populaire)
– broadsheets (journaux de
grand format)
– to hit the news/to make front
page news (faire la une des
journaux)
– headlines (les gros titres)
– a daily (un quotidien)
– a weekly (un hebdomadaire)
– a monthly (un mensuel)
– ads (petites annonces)
– advertisement (publicité)
– obituaries
(rubrique nécrologique)
– to gag the press
(bâillonner la presse).
B@c en Ligne
1. sont l’objet de
2. récemment
3. immérité
7/15
Les mythes américains
2. censé être
3. doté de
4. avoir laissé
de côté
5. préjugés de
classes
6. conscience
de classe
7. respectée
8. preuve
9. que l’on peut
faire fortune
10. quel que soit
11. origine
familiale
12. aller de
l’avant
13. contestables
– to perpetuate a myth
(entretenir un mythe)
– to believe in (croire à)
– faith (la loi)
– to share the same beliefs
(partager les mêmes
croyances).
B@c en Ligne
1. réécrire
l’Histoire
• The myth of the Promised Land
The first American colonists, the Puritans of New
England and Massachussets, believed that they had
been chosen by God (God’s Chosen People) to start
History anew1 and build the New Jerusalem, the City
on the Hill (17th century).
• The myth of America’s “Manifest Destiny”
An imperialistic slogan originating in the 1850s which
summed up the widespread conviction that God had given
the US a world mission and that it was America’s right
and duty to intervene in the affairs of other countries.
• The myth of “American exceptionalism”
The phrase refers to the belief that the American
experiment is unique.
The Frontier (= the conquest of the West) is believed
to have helped create Homo Americanus, a new man
supposedly2 endowed with3 a remarkable fighting
spirit and a genuine sense of democracy.
American society is believed to have shed 4 all the
class prejudices5 and the class consciousness6 associated with the Old Continent.
• The myth of the self-made man
A myth which is closely related to that of the US as a
classless society.
“The self-made man” is a much revered7 figure in the
press and in political speech and is seen as evidence8
that in America you can strike it rich9 regardless of10
your family background11.
• The impact of myths on American society
– A positive impact: Myths have helped America
forge ahead12 under one and the same banner.
– A negative impact: Myths have helped justify highly
questionable13 policies and attitudes (imperialism, racism).
Quelques idées
8/15
L’immigration
aux États-Unis
1. entassées
2. aspirant à
3. peut-on lire
4. se pique de
5. prétendant
6. Terre où
chacun peut
tenter sa chance
7. sans tenir
compte de/
quel que soit
8. croyance
9. creuset
10. se sont
mélangés
11. ont été
victimes de
12. esclaves
13. citoyens de
deuxième zone
14. pousse
15. submergent
16. un arrêt
17. clandestins
“Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled1 masses
yearning2 to breathe free,” read the words3 on the
pedestal of the Statue of Liberty.
Ever since its creation, the American nation has prided
itself4 on being different from the rest of the world,
claiming5 to be a Land of Opportunity6 for all, regardless7 of creed8, colour or race, and a melting-pot9
where people from all over the planet have successfully mixed10.
Not everyone, though, has achieved “the American
Dream”. Two ethnic groups have been particularly
victimized11 by white-dominated America: the
Indians whose culture and social order were destroyed, and black Americans who were first brought to
the U.S. as slaves12 and are still largely considered as
second-class citizens13.
“The American Dream”, however, still prompts14 millions of people every year to apply for US citizenship
or to cross American borders illegally. The new waves
of immigrants are made up mainly of Hispanics and
Asians.
Increasing numbers of Americans fear that these newcomers will take their jobs and swamp15 the whole
country.
Hence the many hostile reactions to the arrival of
these new Americans across the countr y and the
rising clamour for a clampdown16 on undocumented17
immigrants.
– to fit in (s’intégrer)
– to integrate into US society
(s’intégrer à la société
américaine)
– to achieve the American
Dream (réaliser le rêve
américain)
– to be disriminated against
(être l’objet de discriminations)
– a sweatshop
(un atelier clandestin).
B@c en Ligne
Quelques idées
9/15
Le problème des villes
aux États-Unis
Quelques idées
The European visitor to the US might have difficulty
finding his way through the huge American metropolises1.
Better-off10 or successful Americans who, each in
their own way, have achieved11 the American Dream,
live away from the city center, in nicer and cleaner
suburban12 areas which combine both the amenities13
of city life and the charm of the countryside14.
– a highway
(une autoroute urbaine)
– a flyover (un échangeur)
– a shopping mall
(un centre commercial)
– recreational facilities
(installations sportives)
– bank robberies
(attaques de banques)
– shoplifting (vol à l’étalage)
– muggings (agressions)
– rapes (viols)
– shootings (fusillades)
– to get robbed (se faire voler
son argent, ses papiers)
– to be arrested (être arrêté)
– to be sentenced to
(être condamné à)
– to be sent to prison
(être mis en prison)
– to be tried for murder
(être jugé pour meurtre).
The downtown area is the business and commercial
center. Not very far from it are the inner-city areas2
inhabited by destitute3 minority people, mostly AfroAmericans or Hispanics. They have an extremely
high incidence of crime4. Social deprivation5 and gunaddiction6 account for7 rising, gratuitous violence,
while the drug trade is leading to increasingly lethal8
gang warfare9.
B@c en Ligne
1. métropoles
2. quartiers
urbains
défavorisés
3. pauvres,
démunis
4. taux de
criminalité
5. l’exclusion
6. la fascination
pour les armes
7. expliquent
8. meurtrière
9. la guerre
des gangs
10. mieux lotis
11. ont réalisé
12. banlieues
13. les avantages
14. la campagne
10/15
Les problèmes de société
en Angleterre
Quelques idées
Britain used to be known for its quaint1 and colourful
lifestyle2. But today’s British society is prey3 to a
serious malaise which stems4 from a widespread5
feeling within large sections of the population that
their country is failing6 them.
More and more Britons find it indeed harder and
harder to make ends meet7 and a lot of them live in
dire poverty8.
Deregulation14 has been in full swing15 over the last
ten years, resulting in further job insecurity16 and
deteriorating working conditions. And those on the
dole17 are now entitled18 to less generous unemployment benefits19.
There is deep resentment20 in the countr y, all the
more so as the gap21 between rich and poor is widening.
– A two-tier society
(une société à deux vitesses)
– To feel fulfilled (avoir le sentiment d’avoir réussi sa vie)
– to enjoy high living standards
(avoir un haut niveau de vie)
– to graduate from a public
school (sortir d’une “public
school” ; école privée de
grand renom)
– to have connections
(avoir des relations)
– perks (avantages en nature)
– to live below the poverty line
(vivre en dessous du seuil
de pauvreté)
– to do odd jobs
(faire des petits boulots)
– to feel excluded (se sentir exclu).
Fierce foreign competition, downsizing9 and relocations10 have taken a heavy toll11 of jobs in the old
industrial sectors, leaving increasing numbers of
unskilled12 workers on the sidelines13.
B@c en Ligne
1. un peu démodé
2. style de vie
3. en proie à
4. a pour origine
5. très répandu
6. abandonne
7. joindre les
deux bouts
8. pauvreté extrême
9. réduction
d’effectifs,
dégraissages
10. délocalisations
11. supprimer de
nombreuxemplois
12. non-qualifié(s)
13. laissant sur
la touche
14. déréglementation
15. ont fait fureur
16. la précarité
de l’emploi
17. au chômage
18. ont droit à
19. allocationschômage
20. ressentiment
21. fossé
11/15
L’Afrique du Sud
Quelques idées
Blacks : 22,000,000.
Asians13 : 1,000,000.
Coloureds : 3,500,000.
Whites : 5,500,000.
Quelques termes spécifiques
14. Hollandais
15. colons
16. partisans
d’une Afrique
du Sud blanche
17. abrogés
18. séparés
19. interdites
20. banlieues
21. Régions
réservées aux
Noirs
22. a déplacé
• Afrikaners : white South Africans whose first language is Afrikaans. Descendants of the Dutch14 settlers15 of the 17th century.
• Apartheid : a set of segregationist and discriminatory laws that were passed as early as 1948 by white
supremacists16 and repealed17 in the late eighties –
early nineties by F.W. de Klerk. Schools, buses,
beaches and residential areas were segregated18.
Sexual relations between whites and non-whites were
prohibited19.
• Townships20 : poor suburban areas or dormitory
towns for non-whites.
• Homelands21 : theoretically independent states.
The apartheid regime displaced22 huge numbers of
black South Africans to them.
12/15
13. Métis
Quelques chiffres
B@c en Ligne
1. une indication
2. le long
chemin
parcouru
3. ont légué
4. effroyable
5. héritage
6. fossé
7. constituent
8. la tâche
9. qui attend
10. lutter
11. analphabétisme
12. misère
extrême
Some 46 years after apartheid laws were introduced
by the National Party, South Africa was to elect in
1994 its first black president, Nelson Mandela, which
is indeed a measure1 of how far the whole country has
travelled2 over the last years. But a lot of problems
remain to be solved. Four decades of apartheid have
bequeathed3 the new government a fearsome4
legacy5. A huge economic and social divide6 separates
blacks from whites. Whites make up7 a mere 14% of
South Africa’s population, but they own almost 90%
of the country’s land and business. The task8 awaiting9 Nelson Mandela is immense. The new president
will have to wage war10 on illiteracy11, poor housing,
disease, unemployment and dire poverty12 in black
areas, if democracy and peace are to survive in the
country.
Les contrastes
du monde actuel
1. décennie
2. sensé
3. poignée
de mains
4. entreront
dans l’histoire
5. étapes
importantes
6. avancées
7. perspectives
8. guérir
9. jusqu’ici
10. il ne se
passe pas
un jour sans que
11. famine
12. catastrophes
écologiques
13. licenciements
massifs
14. revenir
à la raison
The last decade1 has seen unprecedented events
which no one in their right mind2 would have even
imagined only twenty years ago.
The handshake3 between Mr Arafat and Mr Rabin
and the fall of the Berlin wall will go down in history4
as milestones5 towards a more peaceful world.
The last ten years or so have also been marked by
decisive scientific and technological breakthroughs6,
some of which open up new prospects7 for communication, medicine and agriculture. Within a few
years, we’ll be able to cure8 hitherto9 incurable
diseases, to feed billions of people throughout the
world, and fly to the other side of the planet in less
than one fifth of the time currently required.
Meanwhile, however, not a day goes by10 without television showing sad pictures of war, starvation11, epidemics, environmental disasters12 and mass redundancies13.
It is high time for all those in power and those who
support them to come to their senses14 and work to
make our planet a more hospitable place to live in.
–
–
–
–
an oil spill (marée noire)
drought (sécheresse)
floods (inondations)
a sewage farm
(une station d’épuration)
outcasts
(les laissés pour compte)
violation of human rights
(atteinte aux droits de
l’homme)
to be made redundant/to be
laid off (être licencié)
– to progress, to advance, to go
forward (progresser)
– to make plans
(faire des projets)
– to have initiative
(avoir de l’initiative)
– to manage (arriver à faire
quelque chose)
– resourceful (débrouillard)
– know-how (savoir-faire)
– teleworking (télétravail)
– flexitime (horaires à la carte).
B@c en Ligne
–
–
–
–
Quelques idées
13/15
L’environnement
The last decade has seen governments and scientists
hold a number of international conferences on environmental problems, which may be a sign that mankind is at last beginning to realize that our planet is
mortal.
However, we still have a long way to go1 to make our
global village2 a nicer, safer and cleaner place to live
in.
Industrial and farming processes3 are still largely
damaging to the environment; consumer tastes4
keep on encouraging waste, and governments, for
their part, all too often turn a blind eye5 to blatant6
negligence7 for fear8 of going against vested interests9 or seeing plants10 move to other countries.
Research may help us come up with environmentallyfriendlier processes and products in the years to
come, but what is lacking11 most today is the will and
the courage to change things.
– air or water pollution
(pollution de l’air ou de
l’eau)
– oil-spills (marées noires)
– waste (gaspillage)
– nuclear waste
(déchets nucléaires)
– car pollution (la pollution
provoquée par les voitures)
– toxic effluent
(rejets liquides toxiques)
– toxic fumes
(fumées industrielles)
– nitrates (les nitrates)
– to pollute
(polluer, contaminer)
– to damage (détruire)
– to close unauthorized landfills
(fermer les décharges
sauvages ou non conformes)
– to stop dumping waste at sea
(arrêter de jeter des déchets
en mer)
– to develop environmentallyfriendly processes (inventer
des procédés plus écologiques)
– to enforce regulations (faire
appliquer la réglementation)
– to recycle rubbish (recycler
les ordures)
– to develop public transportation systems (développer
les transports publics).
B@c en Ligne
1. il nous reste
beaucoup
de chemin
à parcourir
2. le village
planétaire
3. procédés,
méthodes
4. les habitudes
de consommation
5. fermer les
yeux sur
6. flagrant(s)
7. actes de
négligence
8. de peur de
9. intérêts
particuliers
10. usines
11. manque
(verbe)
Quelques idées
14/15
Quel monde
pour demain ?
As the twentieth century draws to a close1, predictions
about the year 2000 and beyond2 are a booming
trade3.
There are indeed worst-case scenarios4 galore5.
Prophets of doom and gloom5 contend it won’t be
long before our planet is destroyed by some environmental disaster or nuclear war.
Other futurologists object to the view that our planet
is doomed7. They are in fact satisfied8 that scientific
and technological development will permit us to
remedy the ills9 of our world. In their view, genetic
engineering10 will permit the growth of drought and
pest11 – resistant plants, which will solve the currently
acute problems of starvation and malnutrition. New
manufacturing processes12 will also reduce pollution
to a minimum, while new vaccines and gene therapy13
will enable doctors to eradicate14 crippling15 diseases
and epidemics.
Last, the decades to come ought to see the emergence16 of a leisure society where individuals will
devote17 most of their time to self-improvement18 and
socializing19.
– to herald a new era
(annoncer une nouvelle ère)
– to open up new prospects
(ouvrir de nouvelles
perspectives)
– a glimmer of hope
(une lueur d’espoir)
– to jeopardize
(mettre en péril).
B@c en Ligne
1. tire à sa fin
2. au-delà
3. un commerce
florissant
4. scénarioscatastrophes
5. en abondance
6. prophètes de
malheur
7. condamnée
8. convaincus
9. les maux
10. le génie
génétique
11. parasites
12. procédés de
fabrication
13. la thérapie
génétique
14. supprimer
15. invalidantes
16. l’avènement
17. consacreront
18. amélioration
de soi
19. rencontrer
des amis
Quelques idées
15/15

Le portrait physique

Transcription

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