sepsis, sepsis severe et choc septique

Transcription

sepsis, sepsis severe et choc septique
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DEDICACES
A MA FAMILLE,
Ma mère, Anta Seye, et mon père, Aliou Diop, pour leur amour pudique et leur présence
éternelle. Je vous remercie pour tout.
Mes frères et mes sœurs, Fama, Djibril, Demba, Fabuya, Adja et Fatou pour tout ce qui nous
désunit et nous unit, malgré tout.
Mes oncles, mes tantes, mes cousins et mes cousines : Mody, Aziz, Ali, Ami, Diarra, Ndeye
Seye, Anna, Maréme, Khone, Antus, aicha, Fatou Ndiaye, elhadj Doudou, Fatou Seye, pour leur
réelle tendresse.
Mes nièces et mes neveux, Amadou, Maty, Adama Awa et le nouveau Bébé.
Mes grands-parents feu El hadj Doudou Seye, feue Adji Rokhaya Tounkara, feu El hadj
Demba Diop et feue Adja Ramatoulaye Gueye.
Anna Carvhalo, pour l’affection et le dévouement sans borne dont tu fais preuve à mon
égard.
Moda, mon oncle, mon ami, pour notre jardin secret et la fierté que je lis dans ton regard.
A MES AMI(E)S,
Solange, Zeina, Nogaye, Faniass, Ami, Tata, Absa, Emily, Nani, Sokhna Diakhaté, Dieyna,
Oumi, Ndoumbé, Coura, Alima, Fatou Niang, Sophie, Astou, Nogaye, Mémé, Mbogne, Naphie,
Téné, kati, Fatim, Papisco, Laye, Bathie, Bébé, Doudou, Ali, Mame Ndiack
Mes camarades de promotion, Bobo, Amadou, Papi, Aziz, Cheikh, Tacko, Ndella, Gnagna,
Ndioro, Mame Ami, Bombé, Oulimata, Kanj.
A tout le personnel de la clinique des Maladies Infectieuses du CHU de Fann
4
7
Je présente mes vifs remerciements, pour la très grande disponibilité, la gentillesse, le soutien, la
patience dont ils ont eu à faire preuve à mon égard et qui n’ont fait que renforcer leurs qualités
humaines et professionnelles, je cite :
Docteur Cheikh Tidjane Ndour
Docteur Mery Dia Badiane
Docteur Oumar Kane
Docteur Abdoul Aziz Kassé
Docteur Hubert Niang et
Docteur Jacques Mougué
A NOS MAITRES ET JUGES
A notre Maître et Président de jury
Monsieur le Professeur Cheikh Saad Bouh BOYE
A notre Maître et juge
Monsieur le Professeur Seydou Badiane
A notre Maître et juge
Monsieur le Professeur Agrégé Bakary Diatta
A notre Maître et directeur de thèse
Monsieur le Maître de Conférences Agrégé Masserigne Soumaré
In memoriam
Je salue la mémoire, encore très vive, de mes grands-parents,
feu El hadj Doudou Seye,
feue Adji Rokhaya Tounkara,
feu El hadj Demba Diop et
feue Adja Rama Gueye.
Paix à vos Ames.
C
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