La dette - Langues

La dette
Un accord
Accords de compensation
Accord général sur les tarifs douaniers et le
commerce
Accorder
Aide (économique, financière, matérielle)
Aider quelqu’un
alléger
Devoir de l’argent (à qqn)
Auto-suffisance
Balance commerciale
Déficit / excédent de la balance des paiements
Dresser des barrières douanières / barrières
tarifaires
Bénéficier (de qqch)
Cible, objectif
Etre en état de cessation de paiement, ne pas
honorer une dette, ses échéances
(se) conformer (à)
contingenter
Contracter une dette
Contracter un prêt
Allègement de la dette
Créancier
Débiteur
Date butoir, date limite
Combler un écart
Déficitaire
Déficit commercial
Déséquilibre commercial
Dette extérieure
Criblé de dettes
En voie de développement
Directives, principes directeurs
Elaborer (un projet)
Emprunter
Endetter (s’)
Exportation / exporter
Gaspiller
Agreement, deal
Countertrade agreements, barter deals
GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and
Trade)
To grant (aid, subsidies), to earmark1 (aid for
a special purpose)
Aid, assistance, handout
To aid, to assist, to help out
To ease, to lighten
To owe (s.o) money
Self-sufficiency, self-sustenance
Balance of trade, trade balance
Balance of payments deficit / surplus
To erect, to put up customs barriers / tariff
barriers
To benefit (from sth)
Aim, objective, target
To default (on payment), to be insolvent
To abide (by), to comply (with)
To impose quotas
To contract a debt, to incur a debt
To raise a loan
Debt relief2 (pronounce /det/)
Creditor
Debtor
Deadline, final date, target date (US)
To bridge a gap
In deficit
Trade deficit, trade gap
Trade imbalance
Foreign debt
Debt-ridden3
Developing, emerging4
guidelines
To draw up (a plan), to draft (a plan)
To borrow (money from)
To go into debt, to run into debt
Export / to export
To waste
Sweden to earmark development aid to climate change programmes.
The World Bank Group provides debt relief to the poorest countries through the Heavily
Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative and the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI).
3
Tougher bankruptcy rules await debt-ridden consumers.
4
It has been slower to transform life in the rural areas of developing countries.
1
2
Importation Import
Metre en œuvre To implement
Ordonner, prescrire (enquête, étude, rapport) To commission (an investigation, a survey, a
report)
Organisation humanitaire Charity, NGO5 (Non Governmental
Organization)
Une part A share6
Politique (action, stratégie) Policy7
Prêt Bank loan, loan
Réduire (dépenses, subventions) To reduce, to cut back on (spending,
subsidies)
Rembourser To pay off, to repay, to redeem
Etre surendetté To be overindebted8, to be overburdened with
debt
La monnaie
Billet de banque
Faux billets
Billet de trésorerie
Blanchiment d’argent
Carte bancaire, carte « bleue »
Carte de retrait
Chèque
Distributeur automatique de billets (DAB)
Monnaie nationale d’un pays
Un moyen de paiement
Fraude fiscale
Pièces de monnaie
Prélèvement automatique
Reconnaissance de dettes
Bill, banknote
Counterfeit notes9, forged notes, fake notes
Commercial paper (CP)10
Money-laundering
Credit card (issued by a bank) / a charge card11
(not issued by a bank)
Cash card
Cheques (UK), checks (US)
ATM (Automated/automatic Teller Machine),
cash dispenser, cash machine
Currency, national currency
A means of payment
Tax fraud, tax evasion
coins
Standing order, direct debit12
IOU (I owe you)
The role of NGOs in developing countries is to bring assistance to the stricken local
populations.
6
The share of renewable energy in the EU in 2004.
7
The Government will enact a policy of social justice by reducing social gaps, through
uncompromising struggle against poverty.
8
According to a study conducted by the French social affairs ministry, between 2 and 7 per
cent of French households are overindebted.
9
Fake $100 notes constituted about 55 percent of all counterfeit currency in circulation till
September last year, the report said.
10
Commercial paper is an unsecured debt issued by corporations with high credit ratings to
finance its short-term needs. (http://beginnersinvest.about.com)
11
A charge card is a card used for making payments. Similar to a credit card except that the
balance must be paid in full when the statement is received. (http://www.investorwords.com/)
12
Typically, a standing order might be used to pay a fixed amount to a savings account or to
a local club. A direct debit is more likely to be used to make payments that can vary from
time to time – such as mortgage installments or utility bills.
5
troquer To barter
Économie de troc Barter economy
Virement automatique Bank giro transfer
Systèmes monétaires
Change Exchange, currency exchange
Agent de change Currency trader, (foreign) exchange broker,
(foreign) exchange dealer
Marché des changes Currency exchange market, foreign exchange
market
Taux de change Exchange rate
Crise monétaire Currency crisis
Dévaluation / dévaluer Devaluation / to devalue
Devises étrangères Foreign currencies
Laisser flotter une monnaie To float a currency13, to let a currency float
Fuite de capitaux Capital flight, capital outflow
Indexer To peg14 (to), to fix (to)
Mécanisme des taux de change Exchange rate mechanism15 (ERM)
Monnaie unique Single currency
Soutenir (marché, monnaie) To bolster16, to prop up17, to support
Système monétaire international (SMI) International monetary system
Système monétaire européen (SME) European Monetary System (EMS)
Union économique et monétaire (UEM) Economic and monetary union (EMU18)
Zone monétaire Currency area, monetary area, currency zone
Alan Greenspan, chairman of the US Federal Reserve, last month added his voice to those
suggesting that China should float its currency.
14
Saudi Arabia will reportedly continue to peg its currency to the US dollar citing benefits
from the arrangement.
15
ERM II is an agreement which establishes an exchange rate mechanism to replace the
former European Monetary System (EMS), which became obsolete with the introduction of
the euro.
16
India Takes Steps to Bolster Economy.
17
Policymakers to prop up US housing market.
18
EMU has led to the introduction of a single currency: the euro.
13