En 2014, EUROCOAT revient en France, à Paris, sur le site

CONGRES EUROCOAT 2014 – 23, 24 et 25 SEPTEMBRE
En 2014, EUROCOAT revient en France, à Paris, sur le site exceptionnel du Parc des
Expositions de la Porte de Versailles, les 23, 24 et 25 septembre prochains.
Le thème du CONGRÈS, organisé par l’AFTPVA, sous l’égide de l’UATCM, sera
consacré au Développement Durable et aux Nouvelles Technologies dans les Coatings,
dans la continuité du thème 2011 sur la Chimie du Végétal qui avait rencontré un franc
succès.
Durant 3 jours, conférences plénières, tables rondes et communications orales ou affichées
donneront l’occasion aux ingénieurs et techniciens de Recherche et de Production, aux
responsables du Marketing et de la Vente, de mettre à jour leurs connaissances dans les
différents domaines de notre profession.
Les conférences seront prononcées en anglais ou en français. Ci-après les résumés.
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Jean-Marie Coant, Responsable de projets techniques Centre d’expertise développement
durable
3M France
Integration of bio-based raw materials within adhesive products in consumer and office
markets: example of Post-It® and Scotch® brands
3M commercialize under the brands Post-It® and Scotch® a variety of products integrating
adhesive materials in every-day life applications: repositionable notes, adhesive tapes, glue
sticks and tubes etc…Since they were launched, these products have seen their constructions
constantly improved, leveraging on the work of 3M laboratories, especially in the USA and in
Europe (France and Belgium) An even more significant evolution, progressively implemented
on several product ranges since 2010, consists in substituting petroleum-based raw materials
by bio-based ones in the manufacturing of the adhesive formulas.
An offer with plant-based adhesive is now available:
- Since 2010 on glue tubes with Scotch® 99% natural glue
- Since 2012 on Scotch® adhesive tapes, with Scotch® Magic™ 900 – A greener choice
- Since 2014 on Post-It® repositionable notes, with recycled Post-It® note range
Some of these developments have been conducted entirely in 3M France R&D center. Other
projects were initiated in the USA and have resulted in technical adaptations in France and
Belgium to be implemented on European product ranges and production sites.
Thanks to Life Cycle approach implemented in 3M, these new product developments did not
only include changes in the adhesive part, but were part of a more general evolution in both
product and packaging design.
The presentation will provide details about the approach taken by 3M to develop these new
adhesives, and about the technical work needed to adapt it to several product families.
Elements regarding the complexity of assessing the environmental benefits of these new
adhesives will also be discussed, and balanced with the need to take strategic decisions in
supporting innovative technologies such as bio-based chemistry.
AFNOR Certification, Cécile Gervasoni
Le nouvel Ecolabel européen Peintures et Vernis
Généralités sur les écolabels, les nouveaux critères, les modalités pour obtenir la certification
Robert Reyer, Manager for the division Application Development EMEA/Transportation
Coatings
Bayer MaterialScience AG
New low VOC acrylic binder for commercial vehicle coating and more
Bayer MaterialScience presents its new low-VOC OH-functional secondary polyacrylic
dispersion. Numerous combination options allow the customization of waterborne 2K PU
coatings with highly individual property profiles. End users can rely on the familiar benefits
of polyurethane coatings. They can choose a system that represents a very low-VOC
alternative for the future – relating to the Solvent Emission Directive 1999-13 (SED) and
Deco Paint Directive 2004-42 (DPD). The new polyacrylic dispersion yields high gloss and
an excellent film appearance in 2K PU clear or pigmented topcoats for transportation (ACE &
commercial vehicle), metal, plastic and wood applications. The product is also suitable for 1K
baking coatings.
Fernand Cuirassier, Responsable Support Technique
Celanese Emulsions GmbH
Test methods to identify emissions out of Interior Paints and practical results based on
model formulations
The Coatings Industry is under constant pressure to reduce VOC and SVOC emissions. Based
on this situation there are a number of European regulations and test methods to measure and
quantify emissions from Interior Paints.
According the European Paint Directive 2004/42/EC and the European Eco-Label for Paints
and Varnishes the Volatile Organic Compounds ( VOC’s ) are defined as any organic
compound having an initial boiling point less or equal to 250°C measured at a standard
pressure of 101,3 kPa. In this context VOC’s are measured as “In-Can” VOC content of the
liquid paint using a gas chromatographic direct injection method according to ISO 11890/2.
Driven by the European Products Regulation 305/2011 new regulations like the French Décret
2011-321 or the German AgBB have evolved. Common to these new concepts is the
evaluation and limitation of emissions out of a dried paint film based on chamber
measurements according ISO 16000-9.
Investigations of model paints with different pigment volume concentration (PVC)
demonstrate that there is no direct correlation between the emissions measured in the chamber
and the concentration of coalescing agents in the liquid paint. Chamber measurements of
model paint formulations show the impact of the PVC on the emissions behavior of interior
paints.
Optimized Interior Paints based on VAE-Emulsions without any coalescing agents can meet
even the strictest emission limits for volatile (VOC) and semi-volatile (SVOC) compounds
according emission chamber tests and the practical results are far below 1000 µg/m3 after 28
days which is required to achieve the lowest emission class A+ in the specification of the
French Decret.
Clariant SE, Jean-Paul Gabory
Pigments organiques “Easily Dispersible”: une approche innovante pour une production
de peinture économique et durable
Lors de la fabrication de peinture, une des étapes les plus délicates est la dispersion des
particules de pigments. De façon à simplifier ce processus, de nouveaux pigments organiques
ont été développés : les pigments à dispersion facile dénommés aussi les pigments “ED”.
Comme leur nom l’indique, les pigments ED peuvent être facilement incorporés dans les
pâtes pigmentaires ou les peintures, simplement à l’aide d’un disperseur et sans qu’il soit
nécessaire d’utiliser de broyeur à billes. Cette approche novatrice permet une optimisation des
processus, une flexibilité dans la planification de production de pâtes pigmentaires ou de
peintures, ainsi qu’une réduction des coûts de production.
Pour obtenir cet effet “Easily Dispersible”, un procédé de fabrication de pigments organiques
a été élaboré, permettant une modification de la surface des pigments à l’aide d’additifs
offrant performances et compatibilités. Ces additifs facilitent la désagrégation des particules
associées en plus fines particules ainsi que la stabilisation de ces particules pendant l’étape de
dispersion. Une quantité optimale d’additifs se trouve à la surface de chaque pigment ED,
permettant la réduction et dans certains cas même la suppression d’agents de dispersion dans
les formulations habituellement utilisées, ainsi que la diminution du temps de dispersion.
La gamme ED comprend deux types de produits :
- Les pigments EDS pour les peintures industrielles au solvant
- Les pigments EDW pour les pâtes pigmentaires pour les peintures décoratives et
industrielles.
Carine Lefèvre, Director of the CoRI (Coatings Research Institute) et M. Wenkin, M.H.
Delvaux, A. Lourthie, A. Pirmez
CoRI
Biobased and renewable products: status in the development of paint industry
The use of bio-based products (non-food products derived from the biomass) in numerous
industrial domains arouses an increasing interest. In the field of paints, the challenges the
industry has to face are, firstly, a limited range of bio-based products presenting a profile
being satisfactory in terms of quality, cost and availability and, secondly, a lack of
information on these products.
The aim of this communication is to establish the actual status regarding the incorporation of
already existing bio-based and renewable products in the formulations of architectural paints.
We will discuss also about the main technological and regulatory drivers in this sector.
Eric Brouwer, Applications Specialist Industrial Coatings
Croda Coatings & Polymers
Novel epoxy toughening agent for VOC free epoxy based coatings
In the market there is a trend to switch from solid to liquid epoxy systems, as these allow for
low VOC formulations. A negative is that a coating loses flexibility by choosing for liquid
epoxies, but on the other hand higher hardness will be achieved. It has always been a
challenge for epoxy formulators to combine flexibility and hardness without impacting other
required properties.
Croda introduced B-Tough C2x, an epoxy functional toughening agent to the market. This
novel technology is based on reaction induced phase separation, caused by a newly designed
toughening agent. To meet growing market demand for VOC free solutions, Croda, developed
a VOC free, low viscous BTough C2r. In both types, the toughening agent brings
performance properties such as excellent impact resistance - even at lower temperatures-,
improved flexibility whilst maintaining hardness, low viscosity (allowing for ease of handling
and formulation) and the material is non-migratory due to epoxy functionality.
The technology and the results will be discussed in this paper.
Sandrine Sinsoulieu, Technical Service & Development Chemist, Dow Coating Materials
et Guy Clamen, Thom Hermens, Dow Chemical
Two component acrylic-epoxy cross linking technology developments for industrial
metal coating applications
Waterborne acrylic and epoxy systems have both grown in popularity and are now widely
used by industrial metal coating applicators, in particular for primers. Waterborne acrylic
systems are fast in early hardness development, good at UV resistance and easy to handle but
have limited corrosion protection. Waterborne epoxy systems on the other hand offer good
corrosion resistance and flexibility but with slow early hardness development, limited UV
resistance and very limited pot life.
This paper will illustrate how the latest developments in acrylic –epoxy cross linking systems
make it now possible for metal primer applications to provide the benefits of a long pot life,
fast drying time and fast early hardness development with sufficient flexibility. This while
maintaining the corrosion protection performance of a classical waterborne epoxy. The
acrylic-epoxy cross linking technology also provides cost benefits versus a traditional
waterborne epoxy system and does not require the use of an amine hardener making the
coating application easier. The good UV resistance of the acrylic-epoxy cross linking systems
also makes it an interesting system for certain topcoat applications.
Paul Swan, Principle Technical Services Representative
Eastman Company Ltd.
Meeting current and future legislation with the next generation of low emission
coalescing aids
Over the past few years, several global voluntary and compulsory schemes have been
introduced to improve indoor air contamination by limiting emissions.
In many cases it is not feasible or desirable to lower the overall emissions of a coating by
simply reducing, or completely removing, the coalescents present in the formulation as this
will have a negative effect on the performance and quality of the final paint film.
Offering an enhanced portfolio of coalescents provides the coatings formulator with more
options for designing a range of products from traditional coalesced systems to the latest low
emission systems. While paints that meet the highest emission standards can be formulated
with traditional coalescents, adding new low emission coalescent technology to our portfolio
allows formulators options for transitioning away from volatile to non-volatile coalescents
when required. These newer coalescent technologies have extremely low emissions and odour
that meet the most stringent voluntary and compulsory global regulations.
Fatoumata Camara, Ingénieur Matériaux Chimie des Polymères et Sylvain Caillol, Rémi
Auvergne, Bernard Boutevin
Ecole Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt
New cross-linking systems using cyclic-carbonate for coatings applications
Coating resins are used in a lot of field of applications (ex: aeronautic, automobile and marine
industries, can coil, general industry… etc). For bi-component systems, according to the
application and the properties envisaged, isocyanates are used as cross-linkers to allow the
formation of urethane linkages. These urethane groups give high properties to the
corresponding coatings as hardness, flexibility, gloss, chemical durability… etc. But
isocyanates are harmful reactants for humans’ health, or CMR (Carcinogenic, Mutagenic or
Toxic to Reproduction) components. Thus, the development of new cross-linking systems
with similar properties without the use of isocyanates is a major industrial issue.
The introduction of reactive cyclic carbonate moieties in resins and their cross-linking with
polyamines is an interesting alternative to the use of isocyanates. Indeed, the ring opening
reaction of cyclic carbonate with amines conducts to the formation of hydroxyurethanes
(fig.1) with even better properties than classical urethanes.
Figure 1: Hydroxyurethane formation by cyclic carbonate ring opening reaction with amines
Our laboratory is very active in the synthesis and the characterization of new
polyhydroxyurethanes, notably for coating applications. The study of the thermal degradation
of hydroxyurethanes was performed by our team and has displayed that these compounds do
not release isocyanates during thermal degradation contrary to classical urethanes. Among all
unsaturated cyclic carbonates monomers which can be used for the synthesis of resins,
glycerin carbonate methacrylate (GCMA) is one of the more interesting to study. Its
copolymerization in acrylic resins allows the introduction of reactive cyclic carbonate
functions which can then react with polyamines in order to form urethane linkages. To
determine the synthesis conditions of resins bearing cyclic carbonate moieties, the
conventional radical polymerization of GCMA was carefully studied. First the kinetic study
for the homopolymerization of GCMA allowed us to highlight the high reactivity of this
monomer. Then the copolymerization study of GCMA demonstrated a very good
incorporation of this monomer in copolymers. And finally we also fulfilled the study of the
cross-linking reaction with amines. All these studies led us to the synthesis of
cyclocarbonated resins and the formulation of new isocyanates free urethane coatings.
Gabriel Foyer, Doctorant Ingénieur Chimiste et Claire Negrell-Guirao, Ghislain David,
Sylvain Caillol, Bernard Boutevin
Ecole Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt
An alternative and biobased crosslinking system for coatings
Solvent-based coatings are usually based on acrylics, alkyds, polyurethanes, polyesters,
melamine- or epoxy-resins. Many of the traditional crosslinking systems present drawbacks
such as use of toxic and volatile compounds. We know that aldehyde functions react with
phenolic compounds to form three-dimensional networks with excellent moisture resistance,
durability, chemical stability and also thermal stability. Therefore, this reaction is an
interesting candidate as crosslinking system. However, most of monomeric commercial
aldehyde compounds such as formaldehyde, glyoxal or furfural are classified as Carcinogenic,
Mutagenic and Reprotoxic chemicals (CMR). Moreover, monophenolic compounds such as
phenol are also classified as CMR chemicals.
We developed an alternative, free from toxic chemicals and biobased crosslinking system for
coatings using the aldehyde function reaction with phenolic compounds1. To avoid toxicity
issues, we designed innovant acrylic-styrenic oligomers bearing reactive aldehyde functions.
Those oligomeric-size polyaldehyde compounds have reduced volatility, reduced toxicity and
do not release formaldehyde. Also our research team has a strong background on biobased
phenolic compounds chemistry. Hence, we selected non-toxic and biobased phenolic
compounds. We studied the nature and efficiency of crosslinking reactions of model
polyaldehyde oligomers with biobased phenolic compounds. Innovant polyaldehyde
macromolecular compounds with different aldehyde function concentrations were synthesized
and cured with biobased phenolic compounds. Analytical tests typically used in industry were
performed on the cured coatings. They confirmed that this alternative crosslinking system
gives a high level of performance with good adhesion properties and good impact resistance.
IFMAS, Frédérick Mantisi
IFMAS, de la biomasse à la peinture
L’IFMAS « Institut Français des Matériaux Agrosourcés » est un centre de recherche et de
formation, situé à Villeneuve d’Ascq (59), qui a pour objectif de valoriser la biomasse
d’origine locale pour le développement de matériaux plastiques, de peintures et revêtements
biosourcés. C’est un Institut de Transition Energétique (ITE) dont la stratégie collaborative de
R&D s’articule autour des programmes de recherche suivants :
Optimisation des bioressources
Chimie et polymères
Peintures et revêtements
Plasturgie des matériaux biosourcés
Ses objectifs sont de valoriser les résultats de la recherche collaborative Publique/Privé
obtenus dans des projets en partenariat avec ses adhérents. Les matériaux biosourcés
développés sont destinés à des marchés demandeurs en fonctionnalités à haute valeur ajoutée
comme l’électronique, le médical, les transports, le bâtiment, les encres et vernis avec
l’intégration de la composante du recyclage. Ces résultats permettront le développement de la
filière industrielle française de la chimie du végétale sur toute la chaîne de valeur représentée
dans le cercle des partenaires d’IFMAS.
L’intérêt des résines et peintures biosourcées réside dans le système socio-économique qui
suit. La diminution de la quote-part des ressources fossiles dans l’ensemble des matières
premières accessibles sera accompagnée d’un accroissement de la demande des pays d’Asie.
Un renchérissement de ces matières premières est mécaniquement attendu. Les politiques de
développement durable conduisent à taxer plus lourdement l’usage des matières premières
fossiles. Ces mêmes politiques induisent un changement de comportement des
consommateurs qui adhérent à des propositions de produits plus naturels.
Actuellement le marché des polymères et peintures biosourcées est surtout présent dans le
secteur de la décoration avec principalement les peintures alkydes en émulsion. D’autre part,
dans les formulations actuelles les solvants utilisés restent essentiellement d’origine fossile
(white spirit ou xylène). Les peintures destinées aux marchés industriels utilisent d’autres
types de peintures et résines, issues de ressources fossiles, comme les époxys, les acryliques,
les polyesters insaturés, le polyuréthane, … Il existe néanmoins une forte demande de la part
de ces secteurs industriels qui affichent la volonté de développer des matériaux nouveaux ;
citons les marchés du ferroviaire, de l’automobile, de la cosmétique et de l’aéronautique.
A travers une démarche collaborative intégrée sur la chaîne de valeur de la chimie du végétal,
IFMAS se donne pour objectifs d’élaborer de nouveaux synthons et polymères bio-sourcés
destinés à être des composants des peintures alkydes dans un premier temps. Ces travaux
conduiront à la formulation d’émulsions aqueuses capables de rivaliser avec les résines
glycérophtaliques actuelles. Le taux de végétalisation approchera les 100 % et le marché visé
sera celui des peintures décoratives à séchage oxydatif. Dans un second temps, de nouveaux
synthons seront polymérisés pour obtenir des polymères de spécialités pour la peinture et les
composites (résines époxy, polyester insaturé, polyester polyol, acrylique, latex,…) des
formulations de peintures seront réalisées et testées. Elles découleront de ces développements
de polymères et seront partiellement ou totalement biosourcées.
Varvara Shubina, Doctorante de l’Ifsttar et L. Gaillet, T. Chaussadent, T. Meylheuc, S.
Ricordel, J. Creus
IFSTTAR Nantes
Biosurfactant coatings as innovative inhibitors against corrosion of steel rebars
Reinforced concrete is the most widely used material in civil engineering. Nevertheless, the
problem of corrosion of the rebar remains the main cause of degradation and consequently
damage of the concrete structures. Protection of the steel rebars against the corrosion is
ensured by the formation and the stability of the passive layer mainly composed of iron oxide
based species in the high alkalinity media of concrete. The penetration of carbon dioxide
and/or of chloride anions can damage the protective layer formed on the steel surface, leading
to local corrosion of the steel rebars. Thus the corrosion phenomena will continue up to the
complete deterioration of steel reinforced concrete.
Recently, a large number of preventive and curative methods are known to increase the
service life of reinforced concrete. The use of chemical surfactants is one of these methods,
due to their significant ability to influence the surface properties. Biosurfactants are
surfactants synthesized by some microorganisms and they have interesting biocompatibility
characteristics.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the biosurfactant properties against corrosion of
rebar in a contaminated (chlorides) concrete media. A biosurfactant produced by
Pseudomonas fluorescens 495 is investigated in simulated concrete pore solutions. A first step
is to understand the formation of the biosurfactant layer on the steel surface using XPS and
contact angle measurements. The composition of the layer is also investigated using FT-IR.
Afterwards, the use of biosurfactant as corrosion protective coating for rebar is evaluated
using corrosion tests (OCV, LP). Various parameters such as biosurfactant concentration,
layer characteristics and corrosion behavior are discussed.
Craig Evans, R&D Project Leader et I. Martin, C. Smart
Incorez Ltd.
Life after pyrrolidones – Hard waterborne coatings with hazard free PUD’s
Pyrrolidone solvents such as NMP and NEP, have been a mainstay of the coatings industry
for many years. They allow hard coatings to be prepared at low levels of VOC’s without the
addition of coalescing solvent. As legislation becomes increasingly restrictive on the use of
these harmful solvents however, the future of the coatings industry requires ways of
formulating around this change.
Currently, hard pyrrolidone free coatings are either high in VOC or require the post-addition
of coalescing solvent to achieve film formation at ambient temperature or below. Although
useful as a temporary means of removing pyrrolidones, this does not provide a long term
solution.
In this presentation, Incorez present the knowledge needed to produce hard pyrrolidone free
coatings with minimal VOC and no health hazards. This enables ambient temperature film
formation with no additional cosolvent requirements. Using the information provided,
formulators will be able to meet the increasingly tough performance requirements demanded
of them, whilst reducing their environmental impact.
Claudia María De León Almazán, doctorante et J. Moreno Ponce, M. Chávez Cinco, J. Rivera
Armenta, U. Páramo García
Instituto Tecnológico de Ciudad Madero
Synthesis and characterization of PAni/SBR composite as corrosion prevention coating
for carbon steel substrates
Corrosion results from the electrochemical interaction of materials, mostly metals, with their
surrounding environment, promoting their premature deterioration. This situation has led to
the development of several corrosion protection systems. However, most of them consist of
coatings involving high toxicity and environmental danger.
Conducting polymers, such as polyaniline (PAni), represent an alternative approach aiming at
an effective risk free corrosion inhibition. Previous studies have demonstrated that their
properties induce steel to a passive state. In addition, conducting polymers are known for
being biocompatible, which make them an important choice to avoid environmental and
health hazards as well. However, these polymers show poor mechanical properties and weak
adherence to carbon steel substrates.
Previous research works introduce the efforts to combine conducting polymers with other
polymeric materials, demonstrating that it is possible to increase the stability and
processability of conducting polymers by incorporating them to an elastomeric matrix,
without significant diminishing of their pristine behavior.
This study is particularly focused on chemically synthesized polyaniline (PAni) by monomer
oxidation and the attempt to enhance its adherence to carbon steel by mixing with styrene
butadiene rubber (SBR) elastomer. This work will present the morphological and
electrochemical characterization of the PAni/SBR composite by Scanning Electron
Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Cyclic Voltammetry (CV). These
techniques were used to evaluate the effect of SBR proportion in the mixture and the use of
two different synthesis routes of PAni on the morphology and performance of the proposed
material.
Noëlle Forichon, Enseignant Chercheur département Chimie de formulation, Responsable RD
Adhésifs
ITECH-Lyon
Adhésifs et réglementation contact alimentaire
Afin de limiter l’exposition des consommateurs aux substances issues des emballages, la
Commission Européenne a défini le règlement cadre 1935/2004 qui fixe le champ
d’application, des restrictions et des exigences pour les matériaux et objets destinés à entrer
en contact direct ou indirect avec les denrées alimentaires. Ce règlement établit un principe
d’inertie pour la protection de la santé des consommateurs, imposant des bonnes pratiques de
fabrication, la traçabilité et l’élaboration d’une déclaration de conformité. Cette présentation
positionnera le cas des adhésifs au sein de cette réglementation et les outils mis à disposition
des producteurs d’adhésifs pour évaluer la conformité de leurs produits et répondre aux
exigences de la réglementation.
Lamberti, Régis Meunier
Les dérivés de Cassia : une nouvelle famille d’épaississant naturel pour les peintures
phases aqueuses
Les épaississants sont communément utilisés dans la formulation des peintures en phase
aqueuse pour donner des propriétés rhéologiques spécifiques afin d’obtenir le comportement
désiré lors de l’application et durant le stockage de la peinture.
Ces épaississants peuvent être des polymères naturels (par exemple les gommes de Guar ou
de Xanthane), synthétiques (les polyacrylates et les polyuréthanes), ou semi-synthétiques
(habituellement il s’agit de polymères naturels modifiés chimiquement).
Parmi ces derniers, les plus courants sont les éthers de cellulose, les amidons et les dérivés de
Guar.
Dans cette gamme de polymère naturel, une nouvelle famille d’agents rhéologiques basée sur
les gommes de Cassia a été développée. La gomme de Cassia est un polysaccharide
appartenant à la famille des polygalactomannanes obtenu à partir des graines d’une plante
légumineuse. Parce que l’extraction des polysaccharides de la graine de cassia n’est pas un
procédé chimique mais une action thermo-mécanique, elle ne génère aucun effluent ni ne
cause aucune pollution au contraire de la chimie de la cellulose.
Typiquement les gommes de Cassia servent de gélifiant pour l’alimentation animale ou
humaine, tandis que les gommes de Cassia modifiées chimiquement sont quant à elles, le plus
souvent utilisées comme épaississants dans l’industrie textile, ou comme agents de
conditionnement, de formation de film dans le domaine de l’hygiène corporelle.
Au sein de la famille des polygalactomannanes, la gomme de Cassia est caractérisée par le
ratio le plus élevé de Mannose/galactose, qui est le degré de ramification le plus faible. La
structure macromoléculaire est responsable de la très faible solubilité dans l’eau froide et
d’une viscosité basse.
Néanmoins, il a été démontré dans cette étude que la gomme de Cassia est une matière
première qui, avec des modifications chimiques appropriées, génère des composés non
seulement solubles dans l’eau froide mais aussi dotés de bonnes capacités épaississantes. En
effet, ces nouveaux dérivés de Cassia sont utilisés comme agents rhéologiques dans les
peintures en phase aqueuse avec des performances similaires aux éthers de cellulose
sélectionnés comme référence. Bien que leur viscosité dans l’eau soit faible, elles confèrent
aux peintures la viscosité souhaitée, le comportement rhéologique requis, ainsi qu’une bonne
stabilité thermique.
Grâce à leurs propriétés spécifiques, les dérivés de Cassia représentent la nouvelle génération
d’épaississants « Eco-Friendly » pour les peintures provenant d’une source renouvelable en
accord avec l’environnement, contrairement aux éthers de cellulose.
Lum GmbH, U. Rietz, D. Lerche, Sylvain Gressier, U. Beck, S. Hielscher, J. Kern
Determination of coating, adhesive and bonding strength by means of an innovative
centrifuge technology
Bonding is used in a wide field of industries for various purposes. There are manifold reasons
for applying joining technology like the ability to connect different material classes, a load
distribution over the entire joining area or the combination with other objectives, like electric
conductivity or sealing purpose. The wide usage of coating and bonding in many industrial
sectors causes a great need for testing their mechanical properties. The surface preparation
and optimisation of the assembly components is of great interest too.
Another major subject is the determination of adhesive strength of coated sample systems.
Nearly all surfaces of modern industrial and customer products are coated. Nowadays there is
an increasing demand for composite materials like CFC and CFRC used for light-weight
construction, e.g. rotors of wind energy plants. Beside other properties the coating strength is
of essential interest.
The quality and durability of bonded joints, coated systems (paint, varnishes) and composites
depend on various factors. Therefore effective quantitative tests to determine adhesive,
bonding or coating strength are of great need for R&D and QC. The only testing method to
obtain quantitative results in terms of force per area is the “plot” or “pull-off” test. As a
currently used technique to quantify strength tensile testing machines are used. This approach
can analyze samples only one by one, especially the sample preparation by clamping
consumes time and geometrical restrictions have to be found.
In this talk we present a new measuring principle, which employs an always radially directed
centrifugal force to generate the load and describe the multi-sample centrifuge technology in
detail including a reproducible method for sample preparation, surface pre-treatment
procedures, measuring protocol and result analysis. After presenting some basic results, we
focus especially on polymer layers on polymer substrates, polyurethane layers on metal
substrates as well as thick adhesive layers and rubber-textile-composite with considerable
strain rates.
Jose Javier Gracenea, Technical and Commercial Manager et M.J. Gimeno, J. Suay, S.
Chamorro
Mediciones y Corrosión
ACET: a fast tool for anticorrosive properties assessment. The offshore wind power case
ACET (Accelerated Cyclic Electrochemical Technique), nowadays standardized under UNE
48315 and shortly under ISO 17463, is one of the fastest tool for assessing the anticorrosive
properties of organic and inorganic coating systems; 24h are enough for obtaining quantitative
results. Several years of work allowed good correlations with the salt fog spray and better
understanding of the failure mode. Nevertheless, combined cycles for anticorrosive properties
assessment seems to correlate better the natural exposure.
The protection of the sea wind turbines involves three areas with different corrosivity
conditions: the atmospheric zone that does not come in contact with the sea water; the splash
zone that comes into contact with the waves breaking against the turbines; and the submerged
zone below sea level. The standard ISO 12944-2, which provides different corrosivity
categories, includes the atmospheric zone in the category C5M-High durability. The
requirements for the manufacturers of coating systems used in the protection of the off shore
structures are based on the standard ISO 20340. This regulation requires the specimens to be
tested as follows for 25 one-week cycles: neutral salt spray environment (3 days); QUVB
exposure (3 days); temperature of -20oC (1 day). The assessment is then carried out by
carving the specimens and measuring the penetration of corrosion (in millimetres) in new
spots, thus obtaining the average value and the standard deviation.
In this communication we present the correlation between the electrochemical information
given by the ACET and the results obtained after exposure to the combined cycle of the ISO
20340 test. In little more than 24 hours – the time needed for the test and the subsequent data
processing –it is possible to obtain estimates of the penetration within the tolerances of the
values obtained by the traditional technique at the end of 25 cycles. This innovation is in line
with the need to generate renewable energies by using ecologically and economically efficient
generators.
Dirk Mestach, Research & Development Manager Wood Decorative & Construction EMEA
& Adriaan Sanderse
Nuplex Resins BV
Compliance with the latest environmental legislation without compromising paint
performance – A new generation of acrylic binders
Across the world initiatives are being put in place to reduce the impact of coatings on the
environment. In Europe a new version of the eco-label will be introduced, while in countries
such as France and Germany legislation on in-door air quality is already in place. It can be
expected that in the foreseeable future these schemes will be harmonized in the whole
European Union.
As a consequence there is a strong demand for novel waterborne binders that can be
formulated with minimal amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and that also fulfill
the requirements for longer term emissions (the total VOC or “TVOC”).
In this paper a novel acrylic dispersion technology will be presented that is used to produce a
series of binders that have outstanding properties and that at the meantime are completely
compliant.
These acrylic dispersions can be used in a variety of applications such as trim paints and
coatings for furniture or parquet. Coating formulations and application results, including
longer term emission data, based on this new class of resins will be discussed.
Maurille Secher, Coatings Applications & Development Manager et J.-M. Schmuck,
A. Fream
Omnova Solutions
How to avoid problems of exudation and efflorescence in semi-flexible exterior
masonry coatings
The trend in recent years for more colourful façades, coupled with the growth of point-ofsale
tinting and the use of new generation, lower VOC colorants, has led to increasing issues for
paint manufacturers in terms of surfactant leaching or exudation, especially with higher-build,
semi-flexible coatings that are naturally binder-rich, due to the high levels of surfactants
present in medium and deep tone paints.
Well aware of the continuous evolution of the market and anticipating the demand for new
technology, Omnova Solutions has developed an innovative solution for formulation of
masonry coatings with excellent resistance to exudation and efflorescence. The new,
environmentally friendly binder incorporates technology that minimizes the amount of water
soluble materials that can leach from the coating, and so significantly reduces the possibility
of unattractive surface staining occurring under certain unfavourable drying conditions.
Additionally, this Low Exudation Binder has all the advantages of current best-in-class
binders for masonry coatings, and has built-in flexibility that gives it more versatility in terms
of application, extending its use to formulation of semi-flexible coatings, where crackbridging
ability is a requirement. A further feature is its ability to be applied under adverse conditions.
This paper will describe the new technology, and the multiple possibilities that it will offer to
the paint manufacturer.
Siltech Corp., Tom Seung-Tong Cheung, Bob Ruckle
An exploration of novel and uncommon organosilicone additives in various coatings
films
We will look at some of the recent and more unique organosilicone structures and their
behavior when used as coatings additives. Included will be our non-PFOS fluoroalkyl
silicones, our cross-linked resins, monofunctional and other proprietary chemistries. In
addition some of the less common examples in traditional organosilicone product families
will be examined in various coatings films for their impact on coatings properties such as
flow and leveling, wetting, COF reduction, tape release and stain release.
Université Lille Nord de France, Adrien Benazzouz, L. Moity, C.Pierlot, V. Molinier, J.-M.
Aubry
Predicting the Hansen solubility parameters of coating materials by quantum
chemistry
Molecular solubility and solvent properties can be predicted with accuracy by the tools of
quantum chemistry and particularly COSMO-RS (COnductor-like Screening MOdel for Real
Solvent). However, the semi-empirical Hansen approach is still widely used to investigate
molecular and polymer solubilities that are usually represented by spheres containing good
solvents and excluding the others in the Hansen 3D-space (δd; δp; δh). Here, COSMO-RS is
used for the a priori calculation of the solubility sphere of macromolecules used in the
coatings industry.
Different numbers of units were chosen for the polymer modeling in order to find the optimal
(i.e. economical though representative) chain length. Then, the polymer is virtually mixed
with various solvents used in the initial approach of Hansen at infinite dilution. Mixtures are
simulated by the solvent screening tool of COSMOtherm, which provides a ranking of
relative solubilities. Results are sorted in groups of solubility and a score is given to each
group from 1 (best solvents) to 6 (poorest solvents). Scores are computed via HSPiP software
to calculate the coordinates of the solubility sphere. The experimental validation is conducted
by mixing the solute in a ratio 1:10 with the solvents used in the previous COSMO-RS
calculation. Vials are stirred during 24 hours at 25°C. The solubility is then visually evaluated
by a score from 1 to 6. All the results are also computed with HSPiP. The comparison of
experimental and a priori results is in good agreement in most of cases.
It is possible to roughly build the Hansen solubility sphere of a polymer without any
experimental data by using the COSMO-RS approach. This view is easy to read and to use in
order to quickly identify appropriate solvents to solubilize coating materials. Particular
attention should be paid to the modeling of macromolecules which strongly influences the
results accuracy.
Université de Rennes 1, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, CNRS, Sophie M.
Guillaume
Original strategies towards glycerol carbonate telechelic polymers as precursors to nonisocyanate polyurethanes
Conventional polyurethanes (PUs) involve the use of isocyanates, which require hazardous
and toxic phosgene for their manufacture. To tackle environmental issues as well as to meet
safety and health requirements for those in PU industry and for the consumers, various routes
to more friendly “green” PUs are highly desirable. The cyclic carbonate/amine addition
reaction resulting in urethane segments is the actual targeted chemistry towards NonIsocyanate PolyUrethanes (NIPUs). In this context, we have been developing different
isocyanate-free strategies towards the preparation of NIPUs, and more specifically towards
PolyHydroxyUrethanes (PHUs).
The first approach involves the chemical modification of α,ω-dihydroxy telechelic polymers
into the α,ω-di(glycerol carbonate) parent polymers. Accordingly, poly(trimethylene
carbonate) (PTMC), poly(propylene glycol) (PPG), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(ester
ether) (PEE), and poly(butadiene) (PBD), end-capped by glycerol carbonate (GC) at each
terminus, have been prepared. Subsequently, using PTMC-GC2 and PPG-GC2 to demonstrate
the concept, the corresponding PHUs/NIPUs have been obtained following a non-isocyanate
method, namely upon ring-opening catalyst-free polyaddition of the GC moieties with a
diamine.
The second pathway we have been recently investigating involves the ring-opening
metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of cyclooctene using Grubbs’ second generation
ruthenium catalyst in the presence of GC derivatives as chain-transfer agents. α,ω-Di(glycerol
carbonate) telechelic polyolefins have thus been synthesized in a one-step approach, as
precursors to the corresponding PHUs.
Luc Avérous, Group (BioTeam) Leader at ICPEES (UMR CNRS 7515)
Université de Strasbourg
Dimer fatty acids: Building blocks for a multitude of new biobased polymers Towards a large range of applications
At high temperature, double bonds of unsaturated fatty acids (from vegetable oils) may
change their position to form conjugated structures, facilitating their dimerisation by DielsAlder mechanism. This reaction leads to a mixture of compounds, such as dimers and
trimmers of fatty acids. After purification, the dimer fatty acids can be used as raw materials
or modified e.g., for the synthesis of biobased polymers.
The activity of the BioTeam at University of Strasbourg (France) is mainly focused on the
development of new biobased polymer systems. In this context, we have developed in
collaboration with different industrial partners, a large variety of new macromolecular
architectures (polymers) based on dimer fatty acids such as:
a. TPUs, which can be partially of fully biobased,
b. Polyamides,
c. Polyetheramides …
From these polymers, different multiphase systems can be formulated with specific
performances to fulfill the requirements of a large range of applications and numerous fields
such as automotive industry, consumer or domestic equipment, construction engineering...
Warnon Consultancy, Jacques Warnon
Quelles perspectives pour les nanomatériaux?
La présentation couvrira différents aspects de l'usage des substances à l'état nanoparticulaire
dans les peintures :
- Les usages principaux des nanoparticules dans les peintures et les avantages qu'elles
apportent.
- La toxicité réelle ou supposée de certaines substances dans leur forme nanoparticulaire.
- Les réglementations européennes et nationales existantes ou en préparation.