Notes du mont Royal

Notes du mont Royal
www.notesdumontroyal.com
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TSemo enim vttam vrbemqfiendet, qua ter»
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fieri mutattones, nequeprincipatusvnquam
apudeofdmpermanere)& contcndunt,veliit
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* totji
PA NEGYB.ICVS.
14
iSos etiam nobifiumfacere arbitror.7(amquo
inhts vtrififc confideradulongius procefferu:
eb togioreinteruaho vincemmeds,quihifiede
febus ambigut. Confiat enimnofiramvrbem
&aniiquifiimamejfe, &maximam, &apud
bmneshomines ceUberrimam. Etfiautem hoc
pulcherrimofundamento nitimurob ea tame
qua fequuntur, plus etiam honoris nobis esc
habedum. Inhacenimterrafichabitamus,vi
necaliospepulerimus, nec vacuam occupauerimus,necexmultugentib.permifiifedadeb
honefieliberaUtefq^ndtifimus(namindigenh
Jumus) vtqnosjfduxiiseamperpeiuo tenuerimus, itfdemq] nominibus, quib.coniufttfiimos
appellarepofiimus. Solis enim nobis ex omnib.
Gracueande&hutrice,&patriam,&matre
vbcaredatueH Veoruconcejfu &munere.Vecetauteosquijua magnanimitdtu caufam habent, &iure deprincipaiu cohtedunt,patrii%
iurumentioneJapefaciunt,taleJuigenerupri
mordiujtferrepojje. gua igitur aprimb nbbu
brtucontigerunt,a£foriunadonatdjuni,eoru
idnta mdgnitudo est. In alios autequanta benficiacotuUrimus,itapuUherrimeinuefiigahimusifi&prima tepora,&Reip.nofirafactd
brdine recenfuerimus. Eam enim non taniuni
B
rebus
15
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PANECYRICVS.
td*
tebus beBogefiis exceBuifefed&cateratUm
copiarum,quibusfiuimur,in£ Republica vtimur, & vitam tuemurfere omniumfuiffe can
fam reperiemus.Ea verb beneficiapotifiimum
profetreneteffi eft,non qua ob tenuitateignoratafilentiofy tefifa iacueruntfedquapropter
magnitudinem & otim & nunc, & vbin om+
nium mortatium &fermonibus, &recorda*
ttinecetibrantur.Cdcprimumid,quonaturs
noftraprimum indiguit, pernoftram vrbem
eH comparatum. Etfi enim commemoratio
hacfabutifa videricoepit: hoctamen ttmport
noneHomittenda» 2(amcumCeres,poHraptam Proferpinam,erroribusofita, m regio*
nem noftramperueniffit: noftrisjj maiortbus*
obaccepta beneficia, qua non nifiinitiataau~
direfias eH, benecupiens, amptifiima duomunera largita effit: fiuges, qua in caufafuerunt,nemorebeSuarum viueremus: &arcana iBafacra, quibus ihitiatiquifunt ,hi&de
vitaexitu, &vniuerfbauofiem habentme*
liorem: adeb nohtantum acceptadiu, fed &
in homines benignafiuit noftravrbs, vtne*
tnini tanta bona inuideretfedquaacceperat,
«mnibus impertiret. Et hac quidtm etiam
mne quotannis oftendimus: iBarum autem
B *
benc*
if
nANHrrpiKos.
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tXHTtt & fiovov cvTeuJtyet Kttrettpvyuv txofxtv, on
tevXoyev *L TIX) <$*\ulw 6K m)KS <ntt(}uX*\(p<xfxtv,
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tttv, oTi TOV jStoy o< 7it«79t t^tuwTic 3TT) yijs, ctoe
PANEGYRICVS.
I»
beneficia omnia, vtendi^ rationem, & vtilitates inde capiendas,edocuimus, £htib9fidem
abrogare qui velit ,fi pauca modb addiderimus, erit nemo. Primum enim,fiquisea, qua
diximus,j>pterea contempfirit, qubdantiqua
fint: obtdipjumeafactaeffe iureexifiimaue*
rit. IVam qubdea & multi dixerunt, & omnes
audiuerunt: non quidem noua ,fidfide digna
funthabenda. Deindenon huctantumconfugerenobislicet: qubdjermonem &famam
hanc iam olim. acceperimusfidmaioribus etiamquamhacjunt, vtipojfumusargumentis.
Ifampleraque vrbes, ihveterisbeneficijmemoriamjrumentiprimitias quotannis adnos
mittunt. Siqua autem id intermifirunt, iis
Pythiajape imperauit, vt&partesfiugum
offerrent, &nofiravrbipraftarentea quah
patribus accepijfent. gua verb magis credendajunt,quameaqua & oraculisiubentur,&.
a multis Gracorum comprobantur? Cum&.
veteresfirmones iis rebus qua nuncfiunt, tefiimoniumperhibeant: & ea qua nuncfiunt*
cum veterumfirmonibusconfintiant ? Pra~.
terea ,fiomifiis his omntbus, primaorigofie^
fictur: eos quiprimiinterris extiterunt ,v_i3 3
tam
t9
nANHrrpiicos.
tvJvsttTUs datrtp vtw txovm xa-nXaGov, dWa*
xard fjuxpov avmg oaatmfijtourn. tivets ivjfff)
ptaX\ov vouicjtv, tj o\apia,v mtfiy. ruv jtav XaJoSv,
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rois Ttxvas tvtyvtsnTa-s evms, vuti tstys T«* TSH
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«\opto\s Ttcnovrtis T» ui<p$T©* ivpSv: n ,71$ torj TIHS
mtnfayuivots tsvu. mp/ utv ttv TS fttytcts TS»
ivtpyirqu*Tov,Xj <KtuTk\fyopvivJsjLmtoi *3tto\gL
Ttl,TUVT iXWW STTHV. Iltgj. § Tt)( OUTfiSJffViiS*
ipuau TSS uiv (Zap Gdpas TWJ txsXeiclw rtjsxdp*9
xaTtxovTus, TxsfiXtiXojivoueisfiixpov rimv xamKtxXeta-utviss, K£H^6* axranoTnim Ttjsyss c/m(ois/.oCovwTt^tpttnvowms, KSH spa,Tuas«T dX\jXtss mnsfidvns, Hg^TfiSfmfi*'ivoetae TUV xaSr
t)fidpav, Tfis fi\/i 24& TOV mXtuov "2>or»X\vpiivit&
doi &v&' dTastxoV7U rs&iS^tv, aX\' *)yif*ovas «V
msmXets tfcvntutytv, 61 7KtpaXaGovTisTusuu~
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txajf mXtfup XfioyttioufiTts TXS (Zap&tpvs, mX\ds
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fiXiTfiiSVViTfiSKUTfXlOot», dfUpOTtpiSf «4,6K3MT*
a*9-
PANEGYRICVS.
20
tamnonfic infirucJam reperiffe inteUigetur,
fid ipfes pauhttm fibi neceffaria comparafi
fcj. guos nam igitur ea verifimilius eH,vel
dono a dits inmtortalibtts accepiffe, veifiofium
diomuefiigaficj? cAnnoneos,quifinecontrouerfia & antiquifimt fitnt, &adartes
tracJandas tngeniofifiimi, & cultores deorum religiofifiimi?fihtantisautemhonoru
busdignifint, quitanta beneficiadederunt,
fiperuacaneum eJl docercj. 2Je/no enim vllum pramium reperiet tantum , quod rebue
gefits refeondeat. cAc de maximo beneficio, &primo, & latifilme patente, hac diceTCJ pojfumus. Jifitem quoqucj temporibue
nofira vrbs, cum Barbaros maximam tery.
ra partem videret obtinercj , Gracos autem velut in angufiias quafdam redaclos,
tb agripenuriam alios aliis & infidias & belUfdcercj, atque alios famcj, alios armis
perircj: nehac quidem neglexit,fedduces
in ciuitates mifit, quiegenttfitmisquibufque
afcitts.Barbaros ducJufuo vicerunt,&mul'
tas invtracL continente vrbes condiderunt,
& in omnes infilas colonias deduxerunt.
fifupfafto conferuarunt vtrofqucj, tameos
B 4
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2i
iiANHrrpiicps.
rtX9Aa^'o«w^ff,(i?T»fVj^ji««^«w7aceo-a)ow.To7f
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rsXeiu TJJS \su~apxaoyig tmp/ooov. domvra yxfi mg/dodXovro TtVTemv,'ov vuu n/yxayofLtv KxyrvxfiV'
Ttg. ugttreji/Toig ugtpov (SifXtiBSffiv "i/OTiiKiotti %vecg, Kj/f fLt{Lr]ottrdtt[ rlu) mXiv rlu/ rjfLtnpttV, m/\Xtw petguvuMtmiriottO.ayxp at/rag td\etKTU[Ltvxgyuppv l\\&Kivdvvc£siV, ci/X' ugrlu) u(pr]fLuv
d/pop/cSSacu/ eig %LVTVM OIKSV iovrag. Ka\TOi%g
€Lv Tavrrjg r]ycfLOviav Sori^u^utv rj mrpiUTfpav,
•djg TtPSTffiov •f%efLivrig, onfiv •BtXugotg 0iKicSt/£
TUV tXtdwio^uv mXtuv: r)[LaX\ov ovfLpifixottf, rr)g
rxg (Ltvfi&p&dfiagchrSgttTitg miKod/avig, Tt)go%
'tXtJwotg 3m Toattl/Tuu tvmp/cu/ •apoayxyiiorjg 5
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mpjLxij xag (LtskovTug KJJU mp/ TUV d/kuv KaXug
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dvofLut
PANEGYRICVS.
2$
quifecuftfuerunt, qudm eos qui inpatria re~
manfirunt.NaatterisagrosdomiJatismultos
reliquerunt:alterispluresquahahuerant,tra~
diderunt.Omnem enim locum hunc,quenunc
tenemus,funtamplext': tfiiUisetiamquipott
aliquo colonias mittere, nofiraj, vrbeimifari
voluerunt,eiusreicitravUumnegotiumpotefiate dederunt.Nec enim necejfe illi habuerut,
' agri occupandi caufa acie decernerefid Gracis
ajstgnatosd nobisagros, profettioneJufcepta
facile tenuerunt.guis verb ett qutprincipatu
ofiendat,hocvelantiquiore,quivetufiateplsrafq, Gracas vrbesJuperet:velvtiuore,qui &
Barbarosfol» vertere coegit,ejr Gracqsadtan
tas opeseuexittNefaverQiCum maximis in re~
bus adiumentofuiJJet,neglexit caterasfidjua
beneficiainde aufiicata ett,vtvic?um curaret
indigentibus: idtp inprimis eifaciendum ett*
qui reliqua etiarecJe confiituta ejfevelit. Cum
autem vitamhacfilareinfiruttam, nondum
effe dignam viuendi defiderioputaret: eam in
cateris quoq,diligentiam adhibuit ,vt eorum
bonorum,quibusfiuimurhomtnes,nodiuini*
tus acceptis,fed mutua nofira opera coparatis,
nihilfinevrbe nofira conttgerit,plurima verb
accepta illi referantur. Na\m cum Graci olim
B s
fit"
13
nANHrrpiKos.
itfVfftuiJfSjaus, K& crjro^lw OIKSVTUS , Ksyrat>
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yxyi*
PANEGTBICVS.
»4
finelegibuSviuentes, &fiarfim habitantes,
alijpotentiorum iniquo daminatupremeren*
tur: altj, qubdnuBos magifiratus haberent,
interirent: etiam his malis eos Uberauit,alios
inpotefiatem redtgendo, alios exemplofuo
eorrigendo.Prima enim &tegestulit,&Rempublicam confiituit: idquodindeperjpicitur.
T^amquiprimihomicidifcaufam egerunt, &
difieptattone, non vi & armis controuerfiam
finiri voluermt: nofirislegibusjuntexperti.
fituinetiam artes tum ad vita necefiitatem
vtiles, tum caufia voluptatkexcogitatacpartim inuenittpfa ,partimprobauit, atquealiU
Vtendas tradidit.gua verb adcaterarum rerum rationesattinent, ea tam hojpitaliterinfiruxit, &tam aceommodate vniuerfis: vt
vtrifque, cumpecunia indigentibus, tum opibusfufsjrui volentibus, conuenirent: vtq^ nec
felicibus, neciis quibus domi res aduerfitefi
fentjnsommodarentfcdvtriqueapudnoshaberent, alterivita rationemiucundifitmam,
alterieonfugium tutifiimum. Praterea, eum
non omnk teUus omniaferret, fed quibufi
damcareret, qutbufdam abundaret: nequeJ»
ftcileratio iniripoffet, velquo aiia exportan*
|f
nANHTTPIKOZ.
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fHdfwt-
PANEGYR.ICVS.
i(5
da, velvnde alia imfortanda effent: etiani
bac incommoda frofulfauit. 1\am in media
Gracia Piraeum mtrcaiuminfiituit, cuiusea
excellentia eB, vt ea res, quarumfinguLts a.
fud alios nancifii difficile eB ,ibi comparari
vniuerfa facile fofiint. Cum autem nieritb
laudentur ij qui celebres conuentut infiituerunt, qubdeum morem nobis tradiderunt, vt
quafifadere inito, &inimiciiiu reconciliatis, in vnum locum conueniremus: deindcs,
vt votis &facru communibusfacJu, eius co gnationis, qua coniuncJifumus inter nos, recordati, amicioresinfofierumeffemus, vtfy
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fedin celebri conuentu Grdcorum, aliufitam
felicitatem ofientare, aliis hntititrrfimt/i»tesfiecJareliceret: ac neutrivolufiate carerent,fidvtri~.inquogloriarenturkaberent:
altericumfua caufa laborarefugilesvideret,
altericum omnesfuifiecJandi gratid veniffe
cogitarent.Tanta igitur commoda cttm adnos
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folis nobis inter omnes animates,hocnatufani
peculiare trihuijft: quo inftgni bono vft, etiani
cateris rebusbmnib.iUasfuper'amus. Cum aut
in aliis ailionib.eas effefortuna perturhatiohes cerneret, vtfapenumerb ejfprudetes votofumifnpotesfietent, &ftolidiJuccejfusj)Jperos
hahcreni: orationis autepraclara arttficiofa^
facultatem ejrftupidts negatam ; &prudentis
animi munuspeculiare effe: atq^ etiam eos qui
veleruditi velindocliperhibeatur, hac re inierjepotifiimum differre: ejfah ineunte atate
liheraliter educatos, nec exforiiiudine, necopibus i nec aliis idgenus bonis dignbfti ,fedex
brationepotifiimuperfpici-.eamq.inftitutionis
iuiufifenoftrumfignu effe certifiimum ejreui- ,
dentifiimu-.quify orationepraclare vtatut, eos
hon infuis duntaxat vrhih.autorttatevalere,
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vrbs caiefis hominib: tumfapientia, ium eloquentid tanium anteceUuit; vteiusdtftipuli
fint aliorumpraceptores: idconfecuta, vt no-r
men Gracorum non iam nationis &gentisfed
fationis & mentis drgumentum ejft videatur:
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vu2 irt jA\c/.TiA3<n.tyouvovTWfJ\ nfiuv o't rstsyivit
TBTSTIV
PANEGYRICVS.
3|
fttoniorum beneficia contulerimus :fic tamen
qccidit,vt de hoc vno dicerem. TXqm occafione
vfi,quaper nosconferuati erant.maiores eoru,
quinunc Sparta regnant,Herculispofieri,atq^
in Peloponnejum reuerfi, Argis & Lacedamone &Meffna occupatis,tuSpartq conditores,
tum bonorum quibus nuncfiruunturomnium,
principeseis, aufores£extiterunt. Decuifft
igitur illosfhorum memores,nunquam in eam
regionem imprefiionemfeciffe , e qua maiores
eorumj>grefii, tantaeffentfelicitatem adepti:
nec ei vrbi creaffepericulu, quapro liberisHer
tuliscaputpericulisobieciffet.Nec enim conuenitsvt eam ciuitatemfibtJeruirepofiulent,qua
totailliusfamtUqm, cuius-pofieris regnum dedere,conferuauit.^ubdfigratiqreferend*,&
aquitatts officiis omifiis,adinfiitutum redeundum, & in ipfius cauji quafiarceinuadendum
eii-.non vtiquepatrium est,duces effe aduenas
indigenarum,neq, bencficiis affeclos benemeruoru,neq,fuppliceseorum d quibusjunt conferuati. Ac maiore etiamcompendio his derebuspojjum dicere. Nqm Gracarum vrbium,
nofira ciuitate excepta, t^irgos, & Theba, &
Lacedamon, vt tumfueruntficetiam hodies
fmtmaxima.Maiores autem nojlros tantum
C s
fra-
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KAias,A^yeias,Kt}f ras ct)v\its ntAomvvrjcnas fxciXyviKqoctVTiS, CM6\\ rStzfss ivqvcB-iaxtv^vtuit
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fanmd\uueterueu, cht otd\ oirus etv rte cutyift-
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Totsrtpov TUV rtfse raefietpClctPifeT\) •*O/\H mrrfayjxivuv rstsonxHV HTTHV , ct/Aue it , ioractyK&TovAoytVKUTi
nytfxovittt
<nj j tTc OKHVHS. cutmvrue fxtv av i£at>/$-fxav rae
mvdiwxSiAieu' ctvfxctxpoAeyeilw
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mvotujdjottm.Kct4 rot u Aotmvtczu riieainAiyamv, uv cVndux&uor ruv fxtv i/ixuvuv, o\ jxrj eftwctxttvotrvyxaietv TUV O\KCUUV, njxcte 'tKtToCav ei^tSvTte,TUV d\jt (iapCaquv o\ (saAojxtvot KaQ^aAoeMtttdtu rae'i?v\bwetf, ccp' njxctf ottotrae lome; 3v\t<f)obt%-
P A N E G Y R I C v*.
40
fraftitiJfcomnibusconftat,vtpropterArgiuos
aduerjajbrtuna vfos Thcbanis, eum animofif
fimi ejfent, imperarint: &adliberos Herculit
defendendos, Argiuos catcrosqJPelofonnenfes
fraliojuperarint: & epericulo, quodab Euryfiheo imminebat, Sfarta conditores, & Lacedamoniorum duces liberarint.Itaqj haudjcio,
quidnam de Gracia frincifatu ab vllo demonftraripofiit apertiue ? Conuenire autem videtur,vt de rebus a nofira vrbefrius etiam contra Barbarosgefiisfiicam-prafertim cum orationedcimperio, quo illos offugnemus, infiituerim. Verumfi omniapraha enumerarem,
iufio mibilongiornajcereturoratio. guareoferam dabo, vt eadem ratione, quafuprajum
vJus,etiamhicdemaximistantumodbdiJfera.
Suntigitur imperiofifiimagentes ,maxima%
praditaJotentia,Scytha,Thraces & Perfa.Ita
autfors tttlit, vt hi oes infidiatinobisfuerint,
noftraojvrbs aduerfus hosoes beUidifcrimen
adierit. Enimuerb quidreliq erit aduerjarus,
vbidemonftratumfuerit,&Gracos,fiquiius
Juum adipijci nonpojfent, noftra vrbijufflu
carefolitos:&BarbarosJeruitute Graciam opfrejfurosftmpctuminuosfrimosfecijfs? BeU
lum
vyj
nANHrrpiKoz.
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TUV ytvoutvuv cvtetvots. aydp av vnS' o't Koyot zritW
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pANEGYRICVS.
42
tunt autePerficum,etfi omnium iUuftrifiimum
fuit: nonminoratamen argumenta resolim
gefta fitppeditant, deiure &more maiorum
dtfiutantibus. Njm humiliadhuc Gracia,in
noflru agrum irruperuntThraces cum Eumolpo Neptunifilio,Scytha cu Amazjonibus Marteprognatts: noeodem tempore,fedquo vtria,
Europa imperium appeiebanuinfenfiquidem
Gracis vniuerfisfiedpriuaiim nos accujantes.
Exifiimabdnt enim i eafe ratione vnaduntaxat vrbe aduerfariam habituros,& vniuerfarumfimulpotituros. Nontamevotorum compotesfabttfedcumfolis maioribus noftris congrefit,aquedeUtifitnt, acfigenerihumdno vniuerfb beUu intulijfent. Clddis auteiUtus magnitudoexeoperfiiciiur i (pfamaittatamdi»
durareno poiuiffet,niflres gefta multum altis
praftitijfent. Nam Ksimazonum quidem,qua
hucvenerint,nuUidomumrediiffe:&cateras
qua domi manferint, ob cladem hicacceptam,
regnopulfas ejfeferunt. Thraces autem, citm
Juperiori teporein vicinia nofira habitaffent:
ob expedittonem ittaiam longe recejferunt,vt
inter noflros & iUorumfines,multagentesva
fiaq\ confederint, &magna vrbesfint codita.
Pra-
hryvtc mivri/ivSjc ytys, m/,%ymtet^yitc% teivSn
Hibi ttmyvX tte 'tit\\ky%y %"]pfi%riieihn< •SvJxyX%
SXov^Jv^SftiSS5a,Sta, lrffk'Skt,%in>tattiffia,ta±
tt, Ski'Qttf<. mvriktriojsrx tnik taeSierprh fj'*iffi
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PANEGYRICYS.
44
Praclaraquidem &hacfunt, acdigna iisqui
defrineifatu contedunUcognata verb his qua
diximus, & taliafent, qualta decent a tantis
viris ortos,qua iUigeJfere,qui Darij& Xerxis
armarepulerunt.Cum enim maximum idbellum cxtitijfet,&plurimafericula eodem temfore vrgerent, & hoftes ob multitudinefe non
feftineripoJfe,&Jbcq eorum virtute infuperabilifepraditos ejfefutarent: vtriftfc viclu.ftcut vtriftfc conueniebat, & omnib.praliispraftantia virtutisfeafrobata, infigncmftatim
fortitudints laudem &pramiameruerunt:nequemultofbHmarisimferiumfentadefti,&
delatuma Gracis cateris, &iftis quinuncid
nobis eripereftudent,non aduerfentibus. NeOg
verb mequijquam ignorareputet,etiamLacedamoniosfebiUa tempora,multa inGracos beneftcia contulijfe. Sedtantum abeii vt noftra
vrbislaudesfroptereaminuantur,vtmaiores
etiamfint, qubdtalibus amulis tantum excelluit. Dicaautempaulbprolixiusa]ehis duabus
vrbibus, neq^ ceUriternimiumfrateruenar:
vtinmemoriam vtrumque nobis reuocetur,,
tumnoftrorum maiorumvirtus ,tum inimicitia Barbarorum. Nequemefugit,quam difftcileftt, foH alios omnes de rebm dicere iam
olirn,
4-5
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PANEGYRICVS.
44
tlim occufatis, de quibuseloqucntiflimiciues
inpublicisjepulturisjifeverbafecerunt. 7{ef
Cejfe enim e& i maJcima qua/*, iam ante in medtum dWatay&parua quddam feUda ejfe. Non
iameed qua reflant, quoniani infliiutd noflrd
feruiunt ifilentiofratereundajuni. Optime
igitur meritos, & maximis laudibusfuiffe di.
gnos eosexiflimo, quijudcorpora pro Gracii
defenflonefmCulUobieceruntiSedneceoruni
nuUa ratio habendd eH,qui eobeUo ataiejuperiores,in vtrafc vrbejummarerufrafuerunti
lUienim.fuere, quiprafararuntpdflerds,&
fopulum advirtutem cobortati > eps Barbaru
acerrimvfdduerflriosejfeccrupt.Necenimi^
nuUttm Reif.curamhdbebat, nefcpubliCisopir
busfruebanturvtpriuatu,vtaUenasneglige*
bant:Jedeasadminifirabant,vtpriuatas;itd
iuabftinebat,vtabfiineredetetjrfusdienis,
NeefeCumafelieitatemetiebanturJedUpfcs
fofltdere tutiflimas &pulcherrimasfihi vide?
batur,quiitafegerebat, vt &ipfemaximdm
iaudemmereretuf, &libefisfuishoneftiflima
famarelifturusejfet. Ne% verb audacid intef
Je ccrtabantj neC alios alijfefocitef impetcr
baniifedgrauiutejfefutabant, mdleaudifea
V
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uittyKeus iftftivHv dfySvns' ix *TU$ ©$* rtifsiuvoxru-
PANEGYRICVS.
.48
tiuibus, quam honeftepropatria occuhere: &
magis erubefcebant,fiquidpublicedettcltim
ejfet, quamnuncpriuatimpeccajfepudeat, In
eaufa ittuderat, qubdoperam dabant, vt leget
accurata &praclara ejfent, non tampriuatorum contracJuum, quam pubttcadifeipttna.
Sciebant enim, bonis virisnihilopus eJJemuL
ttsferiptis,fedpaucis velut tejferis: vt de reu
tumpubttca tupriuata conjentirent.lam tantumfuit eorumReipublicafludium, vt inter
eosfaffionesejfent ,non vtrialteris e medio
fiblatis,reliquis dominarentur :fedvtrifuam
in ciuitatembeneflcentiam euidentiusdeclaHrentfoctetates coibant, non obpriuata comnoda,fedpropterpoputtemolumeta.Eodemjt
modoetiam res attorum adminifirabant, vt
eolerent Gracos, non exagitarent. Exiflimabant enim, non tyrannidem ,fedimperium in
eoseJfeexercendum:& ducespotius,quam dominos appettari,feruatores, &non vaflatores
nominarife cupiebat, Beneficiis ciuitates attieiebant,novi euerfiu adfepertrahebantgrauiorefermone,quam nunc iureiurado vtebantur:pacJa &conuenta vltrbitajeruabat,quafi
neeejTstate conflricJi tenerentur: nontamob
P J
poten-
49
nANHrrpiKos.
vovreioue ftiyx cppovSvne, ue cVn TU Qu<Ppovue
^CplXonUXf-iVOI.TllUeWTWJ OtfySvTie yVUftUU
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pttvot, vtatvluj d\\ 7JUTfic\a TWJ iXt\ad\a voftifovne
mcu.TotavTa\ep\ ohavoiatejgufitvoi, vcu rde vtuTione TotiToterfjHoT TtouacCovTieiPTue cu/ohrote
dtse dmoes^oui Txe mXtfjtio-ounue •zstss Txeox -ije
Aoiote, u& [xtlotvctvs-UTJoTi otwt\6uZou T3TS. CU
fUJTtTUV mtnTUV, fttjTl TUVODpl&UV, Ot^tueT
cxeivote TrtTtfayfttvuv, otTretv, vgv m/Xlu) cwme
t%u ovyyvufjtuu. optoiueyjip tst%ctXtmv, \7ju\veiv
Txe\i~&tpGiG*l>-)'JueTxeTm aXt\uv'^tTue,uoartp
Txeftt\oiv dyxjdv 7n7ntt\t3-me.To~ie fttv yxp &•% vr(i
oi Ttfa^ete, TBTSS e\s Ttte C&x etotv dppccTlovne Xo
yot.Tfueyjtp otii yhjotvro oofifi.iTfiot TotXTOie ouiS
mv,o*i TOTSTOVTUV cVnteoiati epaTciiouptivm 0.$vtyxav, onvoi pttv CITJJ fjtiav ttoXtv cpat&Co-avne
tTt] a\txa ohitftpav.oi ^ TUU t^domorie Tt)e Aoiete
kr\iwapuv,ovoXiyu-xgovu xaTt7JoXiptr\crav.ipuTvov d\\ ToLe iavruv 7fu~fioete ohicru&dui, aXt\d ttg
TUU i/Xaoa ovpi7fUcrav t\XcC^ioucrav. vniuv o\\ av
tpyuv, r) •mvuv,r) xtvo\vwm a7jie*icrav, uet fuvne
ivooxtpteiv, oiuvteyjzjrip ~r)e d\ofyie r)e tfittXt\OV itvX^iTrjo-avnei^etv, XTueimi/MierfcXov^XsreSvqtrxetv}
PANECYRICVS.
50
potentiamfuperbiebat, quam vita modefeiam
Uudijibi ducebantierga imbecilliores ita affefti, vtpotentiores ergafe affetros effe voluife
fent. Ciuitatesjuaspriuatarum vrbiumloco
habebant:Graciam verb communempatriam
extjiimabant. Cum igitur h/s animis effent, &
bu morib.adolefcentiam informarent: eosqui
cutn Afeanispugnarunt, tamfortes viros recL
diderunt, vtnemo vnquam velPoetarum vel
Oratorum, eospro rerumgefiarum dignitate
potuerit celebrare. In quo ego i/Usfacile ignofio. t^feque enim difficile efi eos laudare, qui
aliorum virtutesjuperarunt, ac illosqui nihil
praclarigejferunt. Nam alterfs res defunt, alterisapta verbareperirinonpoffiint. Nam qua
talib. virispar queat effe oratio? qui Troia oppugnatores tanto interualloJuperarunt,vt i/fi
vna vrbeexpugnanda decem annos contriuerint: cum hi totius Afia vires exiguo tempore
debel/arint, nequepatriam quifjfejuamduntaxat conferuarintJedtotdquoOf Graciam aferuitute vindicarint ? ffita verbfacinora,quos
labores,quapericula detretlajfent,vt viuetes
gloriaflorerent,quifamagratiapoliobitucon
feauenda,tarnalacritermorteoppeterevolueD 3
runt?
51
IIANHrTPIKOZ.
ffxetv, dttmi O%K.TOV mXtfiov TSTOV^COV %va auuayayetv,dyac$tvm TL/J "J^VTVJJ dunSv,'tvafi*j TOiSro
fobfWOtTVJjdpuatv, S^aXd/Jottv, ur) oXdxXtus
70» @tov TfXat/Trjoztitv: d/Xd TUV dvruv 7»7c drc TUV
^tuvyeyovbat, xjfl xaXfsutvots r)u$tots, dfya&ettv.
Ks*\yxp cxetvot, mpctv cuuam TKJS T?C (pvcrus
ccidyxcus drriooo-aii: T?C <*% H»'?» otjW/aTov TV»
uvr\utw xccTtXmv. de) ptv tsv o't$' KutTtpot rstsyevot, KS*I Aaxtoajubvtot, (QtXoTtuusTStysdkXriXiss
et%ov. S ulw d/Xa <c <st%t Kcc7Xt?uv bi ctceivots roi
*ffiovots't(piXovetxtirau,Gtho ix&pxe,ei/X* aimyuvtsdsQpds a\)tSsp\ratvofut°ovTis: kc%h\\)d\jiXeia TyTuvi/Xuvuv TOV QdpZapovjTfiarrdjovTis,
d/X' aua utv mg/ rrjs xstvijs QuTti/Ktcts buovoSvTts:o7iiTeooi c%t TUUTKS a*TtoifytimTUi,7nf>/ Ttsns
mtSptvoiTtwecut/Xav. imSeijrarro o^e msavjzSv
"KqtTOS , TTfUTOV UtV Cf T»7c \JZ3V AapetfS mfC(
mv.eoToZaiTuv rdp PVJTZSV eis TVJJ A^trcut), ot utv t
m/ytiuetva* TSS ovpfjcaxas, d3Xa m r&tvbv TTCXIfjcov tchov xivotwov 7ntticdfJ*vot,<5t€9STSsdhido7is
i?Xao@9> Kam(ppovt\euvtas arrlwTuv ,T\JJ) olxeiecvotwauiv txovne, bxiyot <»T©.C m/Xas pusytdeas, uazrtp cu dvXorfiatstyxdis
ubXovns xtvotwdjo-eiv. old^Cjhcitpfyio-avTrvfyfttvot mm/yt
TJ/JJ A' TJtKUt) TfbXtfMV , t£ TTUVTUV TUV CCXX
Xqo-ccv-
PANECYMCVSi
52
runtfEquidemDeorum aliqueidquoq, beUum
trbitror concitajfe,virtutis eorumadmsratio*.
ne: ne tamgenerofis animisfraditi in obfeuro
delitefeerent, autvitam ingloriamexigerent:
fidvtpari cumfiliisDeoru honore,quos Semideos vocant,afficerentur. Nam iUi quoque,vt
corpora natura necefiitati reddiderut-.fic vir*
tutisfua memoriam immortalem reliquerunt.
Kjicintermaioresquidemnoftros,&Laceda*
monios,femperamulatio quadam, honorisq.
contentiofutt.de rebus autem certepulcherrimis,temforibus iUis concertarunt, non vt hofiesfedvtamuUeiufdem gmria. Necenimad
opprimendaGracorumUbertatem,Barbarum
tolueruntfedfimul & de cojnmunifalute confinferunt, & vtrieampalmam obtinerent, de
eo certamefuit. Primum autemfortitudinem
fuam. aduerfus cofias a Dario miffas declararunt: qua cum i» Atticam excenfumfeciffent,
noftri non exfecJatisfociis, commune beUum
fibifriuatimdepofofeerunt: ejracieexdomefiicamiUte inftrucla, totius Gracia contemftoribus occurrcruntypauci infinitis,tanquam
aliena vitafericulo dimkaturi. Ljuedamo*
nqvera cumfrimumdebelto Attico audiuif
fent, rclicJis rebus omnibus, nobisjuppetias
D 4
vene-
53
nANHrrPiKox.
Miravns, *\*9V *\fiiv otfxiwSvns i TIOBWTVJJ mtxoptr
fttvot ojraPlw,'oo-tw mp av T?S eeWTftiv X^tjP» OTP""
BnftivriS' mftetev d\\ rSGx^W
™IS Ufuj\j\*is.
Txsftiv •k*p*ifitTipkSTs&yivas^uo) r%sewrKSn'
pticytsmjiojui Tirlw^jjmZaoTV TUJJruvf&ap&a-
puv,xg* f3oKjO]OBtt>TUS CJTVJ TSS PPHS T?S X^&S' W
ftaxK vixjHooovms > rf07iu\ov sxoztf ruv oaXtfJUUv
ras d\t CJJ rfftoiv KfJtipous, Kfff TioBWTUisvv^tQJ\a
X90ta x&ixiMa SU\J\&. ohtX&etv, <j/>etT»?re«7|,<» vaftdjopttvxs. aTuQpoo^otK^eixjKOBUJ, o) pi\v pttTUt^etvTuvtuvotwuv, o) d\opBlwa\ovw%aKavTts,
rtfiv tXBeiv Tasfdo*ij7ieBVTas-fttTa d\t TBUJTX yh/aftivtjs rijs vstpov spuretas,lw duns -ipfyis xyafy,
CaMiruvftty ra /3OJC. A«et, spUTKyos d\\\ xaTUsijvcu Tt/\ft*ims,domVTUS o\ ras 6K Ti)s A' 01015 atwa>/«^5:7ng/»TJ5 kx \5tTtp<Zo/\us rtr&fyfw&ets
etoreiv, 'tXdrdu ruv \jJtrapxPVTUV «giJcev; os eisnvxnv KKJHV \XT7io*ipouias,usf fjuxpovfttv yyqodpttv@*tpyov «vof •du) tJ\j\dPaxa^uoBtcdttt, /3«/\*i&e)s 3 iw&ro fiv*iftiiov KamM7rm,ofu) r*)s ui&puvm*is tyvotus istv: d rs&rtpov tTtmoaro, orfiv
*|evee K& ouvtwdyKctotv, 'pisratirts BpvMMjow,
USf TU SpUTOmoa<T3teVOBtl ftiV .jBJjOttfc *i7Teipa
mQveut 012^51 rijsSttXcLfitiSt nvpttv E'M\*icorov
TOVt?j$C$>ecs, nv 0% dou ohopvPaf. rtt&S 01 nvdri
/
rf*>*
PANEGYRICVS.
54
venerunt, nonminorefiudto &fefitnatione,
tudmfi hofies in ipfirum agro populahundi
iiagarentur. Signum autem celeritatts eorum
&contention/siUudeH,qubdferunt,maiores
nofiros eodem die & Barharorum excenfum
audiuijfe, & adagrifui terminos defendendos
procurriJfe,&fuperatis hofiibus trophaumfia
tuiffe. lllos verb trihus diebusJotidemfynoEiihus,miUe ac ductntafiadia cum exercitu confecijfe, tfjfradebfefitnarunt,alteri vtfocijpericulorum ejjent, alteri vt ante auxiliorum
aduentuconfiixijfe videreritur. Posfhac altera expeditiojitfiepta efi,cuius ipfe Xerxes dux
fuitireltcjaqj regia,imperatqr aufusfieri,totius Afist vires contraxit, De quo qufs vnquam
infittuitimmenfa dicercqui nodixerit minora veris?Nam tantafuperbia elatus,vt reparuam exifiimaretfubigere Graciam, &idjki
monumetum relinquere cupiens, quodhumanam naturam exqederet: nonprius defiitit,
qudm idexcogitaffet, perquevim extorftjjet,
quodomnibus in ore eH, vt cum exercitu continentem nauigarit, pedibus mare amhularit: tum HeUeJpontoponteiuncJo, tum i^Atho
monte perfojfo. Illi igitur cuius tantafuit
D s
animi
55
nANHTTPIKOX.
ftiyjt cppovqoaumt, _ njXutcwm 'Afaitfetfcctfitver'
nerxruv ef\ji hcaroriw fyofttvov, ehrlwruv, ohtXeittvoirov xjvotwov. Aeuttaeufteviet fjttvtig jHpfietTWXctg, tajsg v mQv,#Xiisg cwnlv 3mXt\\cwng,tstj\
ruv evftftetxuvoXiyxgTtoufjiiXaZovng, olg cvriig
ertvotgttuXvaovng cwrxgmocunou tnytX&Sv. 01
c% r\uinpet imnotg iir A'^npuaiov, tjrvp&rm rt>t»fe{g<jBXr\(>uamng asfsg ctirttv <t> ruv mXttuuv vewm&v. rewret ef\jk aamv tnXftuv, i% xru ruv taXtfttoovxamCPpovSvng, ug<ert}ssoth\i>Xisg elyuvt^efttvot: Acattetcuftevtoi tttv tjjXSvng rlw vaXtv rtjg av
ftctpfUTUVi ftclxnS, Kffi <$\rSvns tctvrjtg tjXcns tutt&svoeu,, fup) cf[tchong ftij chg t<pt%tjg J) mXig qttuv
curict l%>r\nu riig'tXAt\oT TKS QurqPjiotg: o't cf\j\ r\ttt
npet >afsyevet, ftetXtstc fttv (ZtsXopttvoi 2\ct(pvXait\cu rlv) •moSoztv o\o^ouv: xffi TJ&OI oatijauj ep)etvtpov.ortxgj 'ttfsnppv ii Jjftrlu),tcXt\ StX\& rlu) rv•XJJJJ cvitwactv: tTretret cf\fi, x&i •ir&aet)uyecdeu rxs
'ixtJwctg 3TT) ru S^vctvftctxuVySmoufcctvng thuriig, ettoiug cv nigvcwntfgmoSwoig, ucartp c*>
m£oig, rlwJiftrlvj rS IXXK^XS rs&jtyveptivlw.
taets a\p\ rols nXftetg 7mpy%cvng,£x oftoiug \%ff\tttun rcfjs nixcug,cu*K o't u\v cht<Pjhipt\ooU,t(sf r£\s
tyx&S vutuvns,riig rciftemv ehrmav. Ot/ ytep orj
rSriyijifugei7reiv,ugr]r]r}j7inw'X^HS)eip cuntlt
Cpvy£ifi
icvs.
5«
animielatio, qui res tantas^gejfirat, quitot
fopulisimperabat, occurrerunt dijtributopericulo: Lacedamonij adThermopylas, pedefirem exercitumprohibiiuri, delectismiUt^»
dejuis, ejrficiorumpaucis affumptis, vt eum
inangufiiis vlterioreprogrejfu excluderent:
nofiri patres ad\^irtemifium fixaginta triremibus, contra vniuerfam hofiium clajfim
infiruBis. Et hacfecerunt nontam hofiium
contemptu, quam quadam interfe contentione: Lacedamonif, qubdgloriam vrbis hofira,
ob (JWarathoniampugham, amulantesjenobifcum exaquare fiudebant, veriti, ne Graciaficundum continenter anobuconfiruaretur: nofirimaiores, tum vtpartam gloriam
tuerentur, &omnibusdeclararent,priorem
etiam vicJoriam nonfortuna, fidfuavirtutiejfetribuendam: tumvtGracos adnaualis
praltjfortunam tentandam adducerent, etsqf
declararent, multitudinem non minus mari,
quam terra, cedere virtuti. Cum autem par
fuijfit audacia, nonparemfortunamjunt experti.T(amiUiquiacmocciderunt,viBoresanimis, corporibus defatigati. DiBu enim nefas esJ, eosejfe viilos, cum nemo eorumfugere
PANEGYR
*tLkt?)
•n>rtrO-o,fouo tmisyau Svr-H^rpyiSfa, J\as\ «arl
ittrtv ygv : tvokriJn SftfoooJvG]SfiL S6~\&5VL5VC
-V-X-V^TJSVL ijtP smarijro 'ovokCppftSje, uotukyys^
x
SJQL Su,tij~oyCJotyft Sviimoftttoxo Jvu SVL tvfyri
-SJ-Ty %ft \ttoskLrSeht ftfikttueoyijj a vrik^fo&ftrb't6xunvtto<-rryj)6~}&SmsyaeskL oX,»c ^tirixAk
\5nsytov-j ftptfi' Sn-rm Sv' twyoy Sfnafov^ Svri
-ytHSxrroyv 't}pAnrl)v^Sfirrrf^trxSvUofoue, SftL
totori ItiJ Smnv to^i' Su6xkLJrrrik-- tnsozev tny>
-ittys tnLhSx^totirlkttAUtmXvririnotorikfo w »
\Sktirimtoyoj*iT\ Smnv Sv/Sktn^ Svtria^fft' ttoy
-yveyor} trrrxtfLymiLSto Skoftyrsri fj-krij$rtvtv
SvuvJs SkSutSkLrPit 'triiyyYhSx tnw6xvjz tm<i
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-kc/jtpU Stofov^hvcj Stu osssy tmiym tnyev ^fi tn±
ztvruktm^Smrm tvxpt tnitflLk^^torijZoitoLtnL
-to^vfaii^tirl tntoUttae,oyiii hfy ctntyrit9xr7\z
triXvririoo tnx tnuviiv JvC SnrinLp- •ttfxeCitiffi
tosyso, tiWtmrni]fitrxtnL Stohuepyu 5m tp 'tni
-irij>vCJv65& Smrm tnyvx tnyeee zbm 'tmietoy
tnifQJZ, utwrpyx^i$nsx'$uimokxioifi ttymrrriL
VLVX VL h6x 'Suirmrpy&VLVX spvxto' SVUtOxv-ht
Sfirriiytir, 5JU fipoclvj- Stu tWftxk C kpktcvtWkxttp
Sftysa,62& tiri SVL tobusrik i\p tp •tiony^k tt?An(\?
•SOTH/IXJHNVII
4$
PANEGYRICVS.
5<
gere voluerit. Noftriautem,cumprimis nauibus vic7ts, tranfttupotitos effehoftes audiuif
Jeht: nauibusdomumreducJts, vrbanisdrebus ordinatis, eade cateris conjilia inierunt,
vtpoii multasres •praclaregejias, inextremispericulis longefuerint exceltetiores. Nam
cttm omnesjbctf animos dejponderenticum PeJloponnenfes muro ifthmum iniercluderent>
Juaqui^Jatutispriuatim rationem habereritt
cum atia vrbes dBarharisftperata ,fub it/ts
militarent (niftforte aliqua ex minoribusper
toHtemptum praterita ejfet) cum triremes
mille ac ducenta appe/Urent, ierreftresverb
copia innumerabiles in Kjdtticam irrupturJe
'ejfent, necv/laJaltttisJpeSoftendereturi cum
& deftitutiejfentafociis, &Jpe omnijruftrdii: quamuis non il/atdniumpericulaejfugertj, verum eximios etiam honores coriftquiUteret , quoseis rexojferebat, exiftii
mans ftnoftravrbis clajfe adiuncJd, moxe*
iiamPeloponneftpotiturum: eius muneiarepudiarunt: nec ira concitati aduCrfus Gra*
cos, d quibus deferti ejfent, cupide paciftcationem Barbaricam arripuerunt :ftdtum ipfi
ddbellumpro libertate gerendumftnt acciniht
59
nANHrrpiKoz.
Povre.ToieoX <*>a\oie TIUJ oijtXeteuj cupttfttvoie ovy*
yiufjJw«%ov.ijy£vwyap, <nifefttv [arretvcueruf
vnXtuv rstyoJiKetv, g£ *i»avT©- TfoVa $JT«V TVJ)
Qarnti/ajii: reuje o\\ <atZ9teeiva\ rrje tJXei^^ci^iieate, &X ouvf.etvcu ZX&pdjyetVT&e KtvJ\xwise.
eiXtt ucartp TUV aiSpuv reie KaXeie Kayfjoie ouetrunpov tn KaXuetronrJaveiv, i-j £/w atcj/pue, aru
Ktjj TUV enXtuv ruje xsustptx&ouAe XuornXetv g |
ai&puTruv ajpaoi&luJai uctX\ov,ij tf&Xcue opjtjVO\fyoflAVCUe.AJjAflV oX OnTOtVTOchiVO^jTjaBUl'
i,r«&j yxp &x oi$if jieoui <afje auponcjte aput
jjmfieCTa^aSwfTOCo\uuauete, ontficiXaQovne amtvra TJV 03/Aov T« V ©X trjeonXtue, «5 TUU t%0fjikeluivrjm i^i<aX4jeuie uv ceuipet <atZ9S vtanpat
rlu) dwauiv, an\a utj <atZ9S aupenpete aua xtvsivrJjcrutn.Kcu rot rrug eu 'vteivuv euiopte afteivite,
qfiarXov QiXtX\uvte evne 3dno\etx,$-eiiv, oilt•fteiToXfttimv t$no\etv,
u&ftqToieXomieounoi
' foudui rvje t)\iiXeute, \pnfidwu\v rlu) mXiv ytyrepiAjjluu,<tta) o\jt x.upouj mpSxftivlujyUfiJi. o\jtovXufjuua, XJJ vtue if*m<iT?aft*vite,aomv7u. J\j\ TJV TJTOXtfMVTitgj) mtnziJSjx liu) tcwruv ytv'ofjwov\ru)i
&o\ TujjTu umjfffiorv cwroie, eiixd •ntyeftXioce &\
ZX\gaaoTtte<v$i»\pete ftovet ZX]#vwfutxeiv iTtXfutccov, iftuu «tafyttmv. Kanuftjuujtvne yJtp IltXeWVV.J-
P A N E G YRICVS.
60
iH,tumAUisquiferuitutifetradiderant,ignouerunt. Humilibus enim oppidu quauis conditionefalutem effequxrendam: vrbibusautem, qua GrscU principatumftbi vendicarent, nutto modopericula ejfe detreffandaputabant.ScdvtvirisfortibusoftabiUusesthoneftemortem oppetere,quam viuereturpiter:
ftc etiam primariis vrbibus expedire magts,
exhominum memoria prorfus deleri, quam
feruitute opprejfat confeici. K^itquehis eos animis fuijfe perfeicuum eit. Cum enim fieri
nonpojfettVtcontrAvtraffycopiasfimulcxercitum inftruerent: ajfumpta omnioppidana
mukitudine,invicinammfulamtraiecerunt,
vtper vices cum alteris copiis, &nonfmul
contra ambos exercitus, KMartis aleam experirentur. Enimuerb viri praftantiores fttis,
aut Gracorum amantiores,oftendiqutpofint:
qui, neferuitutis caufe Gracuejfent, ejrvr*
bem defelatam, &agros vafeatos, &fecra direpta, &templaincenji, vniuerfi deniq^ bet(i moleminfatriamfuam conuerfam intuerl
nonrecuferunt? K-4Cnehisquidemcontenti,
contra naues mitte & ducentasfelipugnarcjt
Aggrefti, nontamenetiamfttifuerunt. Pelo?
ponnen-
6t
nANHrrpiKosi,
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cunxSv 'srohHSKovfusq«retv: twayiicu&qrcu) uvm'cySvruv mJ[uuuV. Ka) rxsfctv fyv&nsrKs cv
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t&t
PA NEGYRICVS.
6i
ponnenfes enimeorum virtutepudefac7i:&,fi
noflriperiiffent,neJe quidefore incolumesfn
vicijjentfitas vrbes in ignominiafore cogitates,adirepericulorumficietate(unt coacli. Ae
tumudtmfquiineareinciderunt,&clamor'es
&cohortationes,qua communiafunt omnium
belkrunaualtum,non video querjum attiheat
commemorare. Jjjtua autem'huiuslocipropria
Junt;&dighaprincipat»,&fipradic7iscon^
fentanedieddemum cH mei officijdicere. Tan-?
tumemmnoflravrbs,dumintolumiseffet,cateris antecelluit, vt euerja etiamptures trire-,
htesad idpralium, in quo Gradafaltts age*
batuncontulerit, qudm cateri omnes quipui
gnaiutihterfuerunt.Neqf verb quifquam animosadeb d nobis habetatienos, qdinjateatur;
idnaualepratium viBorid totius bellicaufam
extitiffe: atque idipfum noftrq vrbi acceptum
ejfereferendum. Enimuerb cum bellopetendi
erut Barbdri, quorum ejfe decetprincipatum?
hon eorum; quibeUojuperiorepraclarifiimi
fegejfirunt ? qui &priuatimpericulapro atiis
fape adierunt, &primas incommunibtts difirimihibtii meruerunt? non eorum,quiprb
falute Gracia patriam dejeruerunt? non eo"
rum.qui &otimplurimas vrbes condiderunt;
E
&
63
nANHTTPIKOS.
KfftmXtvcujiue CXTUV fMpfuvmfxQoouv2l#>
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verb omnium iudicio, eos Gracorumpatronos
fuijje optimos exiftimo.quibus quiparuerunt,
maximeforuerunt, i^dtnobuprincipibus,&
priuatarumfamiUarum feUcitate plurimum
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formis introduftis, rvtfaBionibus inter ciues
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dem legib. vrbesomnes admintftrabamus. ea
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libertatemfingulisconceftimus:&multitucUnctn tutati, dominationibusaducrfatijamus:
qubdiniqmmnobisvidebatur, multospaucorum imperio regi:& eos qui re quidem tenuiore,cateraverb nihilo deteriores ejfent, magiftratibus&honoribusexcludi:praterea,cum
patriaftt communu, aliosregnum obtinere^j,
alios inquilinorum efte-loco: & natura ciues
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qua nos vtebamur.etiamapudalios confiituimus.gua curprolixius laudandafit,equidem
novideoprafirtimcum respaucis ahfiluipofi
fit.Hac enimper annosjeptuaginta vfi,expertestyrannidumJnuiolatiaBarbarisfineJeditionibus inter nos ipfis, deniq^pacate cum ho, minib. vniuerfisviximus.Pro quibusmeritu
aquiusfuerit, aprudetibut magnamgratiam
haherinobis, quam colonosfortc delec7os,atqr
in alias terras ablegatos, obiici: quosin vrbes
defirtaspfidij caufa,mn exauaritia mifimus.
guarum rerum illudfignum esr, qubdcum a>
gruhahtremusficiuiummuUitudoJpecletur, ~
angufiifiimumiimperiumverbamplifiimumi \mu\\
fTtriremes duploplures qudm rcvrquivniuer\Jr^
fipojstdcremus:&easquidemquacumbistotidemdimicarepojfint,atq. Euboea injraAtticamfitaeJfit,ingeniolociadmarisimperium
aptlfiima ,qua cateris commoditatibus omnes
reliquasinfulasjuperaret: quauis ea in nofirs
potefiate magis ejfit, qudm nofier ager: atque
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nihiliisreliquifecerunt,quiinpofteruftudiofi
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Ac Meliorum calamitates deplorant,cumJuos
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aute'&iniuriasfubiftisferfetratasjdnemine
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(as, gua eu in vrbibm nullafit ,fotderibus infcripta habetur, ampleclenda magis eH,qudm
nafter principatus. gnisenim talemftatum
expetat,quo &piratamare tenent, &parmativrbes occupant ? quonon modb proimperij
defenfione cum exteris no» confligiturftddntta ipjdmanid ciues intefjejepralidnturfquoplures vrbes captajunt,quam dntepacem co»
ftitutam ? quo propter mutationum frcquenj
tiam, ijqui vrhes tenent, rebmfuis diffidunt,
magu quamquiexiuufitntmulcJati? 2\qm
iUi quidem impendentia malaformidant: hi
feftituiionemjernperexpeffani.i^dlibertate
verb &Juis legihus tantum abfuni,vi alia tya
fannisparednt t atia d Laconicisprafettis tc*
neantur, aiiafundiiuseuerfa, alida Barbaris
opprejfa iaceant;fijuosinEuropamtraiicere
dufbs, &animis vltrd qudm par efai elatos^
itanos compejcuimm, vi non idntumnullas
contra nos expeditionesfitjciperent, fedfuos
etiam agros vaftari paterentur: & eos qui
mille ducentis nauibm Graciam circumnauigarant, ad eam humilitatem redegimusi
vt intra Phafelidem longa naue^f non appelterent ijedquiefcerent, & occafiones expeclarentt
75
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afxttt) Tttv$tm>dugo(i/ZovTig, XJH rut tpipuv
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csx ciJngd&pxg c# T«7»; «wAeo. xaStgdg. tsfJu)
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PANBGYRICV9.
76
rent,neq^fotentiajua conftderent. Atqttehac
obmaiorum noftrorumvirtutemita Je habu~
ijfe, vrbk noftra caUmkatesferfticuedocuerttnt. Simulenim &nobkprincipattts efiereftus,& cakmitatu pr/ncipium Grack efiexortum.Namfoft_claaemHeUeftontiacam,aUu)
imperium adeptk, Barbari & nauali praliq
•vicerunt,&markimferiumtenuerut,&fterafUf infulas occUparunt_& excenjumin Lacanicamfecerunt, & Cytheraviexfugnarunt,
&vniuerJamPeloponneJum_ claffe circumueeti
afftixerunt. Magnitudo autem mutationk illius ita maximeperfticietur ,fif«deratum eu
qua nobk imperatibusfacta, tum qua nunc in>
literasrelatafhntJegantur.Nosenmttnnc&
fines defignajfe imperijregk, & tributa quaddmordinajfe, &markeum vjuprohibuijfe,
conftabit.NunciuekeFi,quiGracidgubernett
qui_quidfingulkfacJendufit,imperet,&tantum mprafeciosin vrbibus conftituat. £uid
enim reliqui efi vno hov excepto? Non & beU
lum inpoteftate habuit, &pack interpresfuit:
&reru, quageruntur, omniumfaeJusesimoderator? Nonadeumtanquamaddominum
nauigamus, alij alios accufaturi? Non eum
quafi
*}•?
nANHrrpiKos.
piiyow CWTCV vo&myoodjouev, uwrip cuxuxb\ui
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PANEGYRICVS.
78;
quafibetto captiRECEM MAcnvMappettamus? An non in bettisinier nos inteftinisjpeni
ftlutisineo,qttinosvtrbjkfinternecionedeletosvettet,cbttocamm?Aequuigiturfuerit,hk
rebmconfideratk,iuui huncreruftatuiniquk
ferri animis: tum noftram imperadt rationeni
defiderdri: ium Lacedamonikjuccehjeri, qui
cum initib bettufajcepijjent,quafi Gracos liberaturi, adextremutam multos eorum Barbarkdediderunt: & lonescolonosnoftrosfapeq^
a nohis conferuatos, a noftra vrbe abftrdcJos,
Barbarkjubiecerut: qkibus inuitk &regione
fitam tenet,& contraquos bettigerare nunqua
deftikeruttt. AcmmquUeihdighabatur,cum
noslegitimum inqubfda imperiunf-vfurparemus: nunc verb ittostantajeruituteppprejfos
ttihilcurant. Necenimhocmal/Jatk et7,<p&
iributapendunt,& arcesfitas ab hoftib: occupatas videntfedpraterpubiicas calamitates,
fitis etiam cbrportb9, quamapudnbs are emptd
mancipit,tolerat atrociora.Noftrum enim nemofamulosjuositaftagettatfVtin homines ihgffituosittianimaduertut. llludautefummum
malumeH,cum,adhancipfamferuituteftabilienddivnd militare, & contra eos armaferri
F
eogun-
79
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KctTuoxeCa/^oLitvov. x^ <ST&TIOOV fitv TUSTvpjtAivi
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'tjklu/ete
PANEGYRICVS.
80
toguntur, a quibus in libertatem affetuntur,
tique periculajubirc, inquibus tjrfivincantur,fiatimfintperituri: &fivicerint, durius
inpoftermnjcrnituri. Jjjfuaquibus imputan,
dajunt, nifi Lacedamoniis: quitantapraditi
potentia, non mouenturjiciorum dudumjuo,
rumcalamitatibus, Gracorumq^viribusimperium Juumfirmare Barbarum patiuntur?
\Atcolim quidem ilti &tyrannos eiiciebant,
&libertatemdefendebant. Tfuncautemvf
ejuc adeb mutatijunt, vt cum Rebufpub. bella
gerant, cMonarchiisconfiituendufintadiutores. CMantinenfium certe vrbem ,paceiam
fatfa, euerterunt: Cadmeam Tbebanorum oc,
cuparunt: etiam Olynthios& FhliSfios belto
petunt. KAmyntaautem CMacedonumregi,
<jf Dionyfio Sicilia tyranno,& Barbaro ^Afia
dominantinauantoperam,vt iUiqudmmaxivrtuimperia confequantur.fihtidveroabjurdiusesf, qudm Gracia prafides vni viro tot
hominum,quorum inirenumerum haudfacile
fit, tradtredominatum :maximasautem vrhesnefuiquidemiumeJfepati,fedvelcogere
firuircyvelmaximis ajficerccladibus? IamiU
ludommumacerbifiimttm eJf, eos quiprinci,
F a
patum
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fjbvl
PA NEGYRICVS.
%%
fatumfibi vendicant, tantum nonfingulis
diehus beUainferreGracis:
cumBarbarisautem qternamficietatem coiiffcJ? Neque verb
mequifquqm iratumfutet, qubd afjterius horumfecimentionemHnitibfrafatus,mederetonciliatione aifurum effcJ. Nec enim haceb
fertinent,vtafudaliosLacedamohiorumvrbcm inodiumadducam fcdvt (quantum aratione confequilicet) ah ifto inftituto abducam.
Fieriautemnequit, vtdfeccandq
deterreas,
&ad alias cogitationes imfefias, nifi delinquenies acriter obiurgaris. Nam accufarefutandifint, qui ladendi cauja conuicia dicunt:
admonere,quifrofter audtentium
vtilitatem
idemfaciunt.Necenim deeadem orqtionefentiendujneflidemfanimononeodemdicatup.
Tfam iUudetiam
eisohiicerefoJfumus,qubdfinitimosfua ciuitati firuire cogunt: ficiorum
autem Reifublica nihil eiujmodi conferunt,
quofiat, vt controuerfiis noflris abolitis, Bar*
bari vniuerfl totius Graciaferui efficiantur.
Enimuerb decet eos qui
natura,&nonfortuna
magnis
Animufint,huiuJmodifacinorafifciferefotius,qudm
exatlionibus vexare infahtres: quorum mifererierat aquius,
nemfcj
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PANEGYR ICTS.
84
quos videant agripenuria coac7os,montesexcolere, cum Afianiobregionisamplitudinem,
maximampartemincultamnegligant.exiUa
autem, quamcoUtnt, tantuaffiuantdiuitiis.
Equidemfiquiatiundeprofec7i,harumrerum
fieffatoresefient,abiuvtro/dnofirummaxima infania reos atJum iri arbitror, qui ob res
adeb minutaspericulose dimicemus, cuficurb
tenere multapoffemus: &nofirum agrum ipfi
populemur,Afia,quafiuiliceret,neglec7a.Regi
certe Perfaru mhitperinde cura est, atfc ittud,
qubnampacfo effciat,vt intefiinisbeUis inter.
noscbflic7arinunquamdefinamus. Nosverb,
tantu abeH vt vUas eius res conturbemusxaut
feditionem in regno iUius excitemusjvt etiam
fortuitb coortos tumutffipirefiuaVamus: qui
exercituumCyprior»,aheroeumvti,atterum
obfiderefinamuSfCum vterq^fit e Gracia coUetHus.Na&qui defecerunt^tmicitia nobifium
fitnt eoniunc7i,&fidei Laiedamoniorufi committunt:&Tiribaz.imilites,&prafiantijTimi
quiquepeditum,exhuiocisiUucvenerunt,&
clafitsmaximapars exloniaficuta eH:qui quidem coniun&is viribus\ylfiam vafiare longb
matlentfjjinterfifiob res exiguas behsgerare.
F 4
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PANEGYRICVS.
80
toguntur, dquibusinlibertatemajfetuntur,
taque periculafubire ,inquibus ejfivincanturfiatimfintperituri; &fivicerint ,durius
inpofterumjeruituri. Jjjfuaquibu* imputandafitnt, nifiLacedamoniis: qui tantapraditi
potentia, non mouenturficiorum dudumfuorumcalamitatibus, Gracorumq^viribusimftrium fuumfirmareBarbarum patiuntur?
\AeoUm quidem iili &tyrannoseitciebant,
tylibertatemdefendebant. 2{uncautemvfi ,
queadeb mutatijunt, vtcumRcbuJpub. bella
gerant, CMonarchiis conftituendisfint adiutores. (JMantinenfium certe vrbem ,paceiam
facja,euerterunt: CadmeamThebanorumoceuparunt: etiam Olynthtbsey Phliaftos beffv
petunt. K^Amyntaautem CWacedonumregi,
& Dionyfio Sicilia tyranno,cr Barbaro ^Afia.
dominantinauantoperam,vt iMiqudmmaxi-.
maimperia confiquantur. £)uidverb abfurdiusest, qudm Gracia prafides vni viro tot
bomi»nm,quorum miremmerumbaudfacile
fit, tradercdominatum .maximasautem vrbesnefuiquidemiurisejfepatiyfedvelcogerc
feruire,velmaximis ajficerccladibus? IamiU
ludommumacerbifiimum efi, eos quiprinciF a
patum
ti
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PANEGYRICVS.
tz
fatumfibi vendicant, tantum nonftngulis
diebus beUainfirreGracis: cumBarbarisautem aternamficietatem coii/fej? Neque verb
mequifquam iratumputet, qubdajpertus horumfeci mentionemnnitibprafatus,me de reconciliatione aclurum effkj. Nfc enim hac eb
pertinent,vtapudaliosLacedamohiorumvrbem in odium adducam fedvt (quantum qratione confequilicet) ab ifiq injlituto abducam.
Fieriautemnequit, vtapeccando deterreas,
fjr ad aluts cogitationes impejla*, nift delinquentes acriter obiurgarts, Nam accufareputandifunt, qui ladendi caufa conuicia dicunt:
admoncre,quipropter audtentium vtilitatem
idemfaciunt.Necenim deeadem or-ationefentiendum efi idemjianimo non eodem dicatur.
Nam illudetiam eis obiicerepoJJumus,qubdfinitimosfua ciuitatifiruire cogunt: ficiorum
autem Reipublica nihil eiujmodi conferunt,
quofiat, vt controuerfiis nofiris abolitis, Barhari vniuerfi totius Graciajerui efficiantur.
Enimuerbdeceteosquinatura,&nonfirtuna
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maximamparteminevltamnegUgant-.exiUa
tutem, quameolttnt, tantkafifiuant diuitits.
EquidemfiquiaUundeprofiec7i,harumrerum
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ma infiania reos ailum iri arbttror, qttiob res
adeb minutaspericulosedimicemus, dtficurb
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ppuUmur,Afia,quajruilkeret,Mglec7a.Regh
certe Perfiarumhitperinde cura es~i, atqj ittud,
quonampacro efficiat,vt intefiinss bellis inter\
finos ccfiicJarinunqvam definamus. Nos verb,
tantu abeti vt vUas eius res conturbemusxaut
fieditionem in regno iUius excitemusyvt etiam
fortuitb coortos tumulfifipirefiucU/amus: qui
exercitaum Cyprioru,attero eum vti,alterum
obfiderefinamus,cUm vterfrfii e Graeia colleifus.Tta&qui defecerunt^micitia nobifcum
fintconittnc7i,&fideiLttcedamonioruficommittunt:&Tirma&imiUtes,&prafianttfiimi
quiquepeditum,ex hk totis iUucvenerunt,&
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alias demoliatur, in aUis arces exfruat. \Atque-j hac omniqfacjq Junf nqfira amentia,
non eiuspotentiq. Etfi autem quidamregiarum opum magnitudinem admirantur, &
beUum cum eofire difficilimum sficlitant,
atque-J recenfint quantasinter GracormuJationes effecerit: ego tamen ifios non tam
impedire-J, quam accelerare-j expeditionem
arbitror. 2{amfi nobis qmnibus confintientibus, ipfij turbis agitatus, nohfacile oppugnari poterifdillud haud dubie tempus valde-j metuendum erit, cum res Barbarorum
facata > concordejque-jipfifuerinfmosverb,
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ffbtfuperbiendum ee»feant,finwiivnuuam
tantis
io9
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g&fmf&t emv&*§tifuity*»4*rtisr&venhtfly
%m- ^pmm^Bnhuixrm
vtt&yfcdrov evpu
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fatrBn vm d&x$ hyp®f&vi>sfyuS0& <rxoir£
d-aW^myw^m^ ns mttixeiish&puS* NuSfw
$d$ pidr^^m^-misiB
rns dpjuncs etti^n
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mfa$%&&m > &&dhm hfpmm^/iuti^tftaftt^u
i\et 4« rmms -ms cifaGohds cdsrecfdv •zfeitje
ititxS,oumtts mttpyetstifaxfitriiv, e£dv<r*sn
mhHsd<rpahiSto6vol}<4nuiv,HSH Ttuntipev
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PANEGYRICVS.
IIO
tantis derebus neque dicere neque cogitarepotuerunt. Decuerat eos,fl,quafloreht autoritate, ea digni eJfint,relicJu rebus omnibus, conflltf de betlo Barbaru inferendofi duces autoresfoprsfiteri. Fortaflis enimaliquidprofecijfint. Etvtpriusdiemjitumobirent-.ator.ationesjuaspofleris tanquam oracula relinquerent. Nunc ifli,quorumJumma eB autoritas,
minuta quadam tractant:nobisaurem,qui negotia Reipublicanonattingimus, rerum tantarum deUberationem reliquerunt. Enimuerb quanto pufilliores animijunt principum
noflrorum, tanto accuratius aliis prouidendum cB, quarationehas inimicitias deponamus. Nam nunc quidemjruflrlpactaones de~>
paceflunt.Nec enim beUa componimusfeddifferimus:&iUudtempus expeBamus,quo alios
alu pejfundarepoflimus. Suntautem, repudtatisprorjus huiufmodiinfldiis, eajufeipiendq, perqua &noflras vrbesficurius teneamus , & maiorcs beneuolentia coniungamur. Jshtibusdcsrebusfimplex&facileseB
oratio. 2(ec enimflrma pace~>fiuemur,niflcommuniter beUum Barbaris intulerimus:
nequc** Graci confentient, priujquam &
H
amici-
III
!TANHrTPI!t03j*
ttgj ms (QtXiots CK TUV dunSv Hgjrxs Ktvd\jjwg
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ptS-eimjs, H Hg* "ms irtup/ots 2$gJ\vet,Kgi ms o
•fy/eias e\stx$jpai> Tt&dyu, ngi •mvms dv&pu-,
TTns «V weXiftns K#ldcusKa$ifi)OTv: c w e w
07rusix oftovotiaefttv, Kg/ms 'tvveias aXn&tvds
<zetysnfiaf wri)si%outv.av'mxa'Zv& mtvnsmni*
riov, oxus us g#s& nv bvjdvd^ weXtftev etg TD
r\7n\fiov otofi/Sfttv.us[tevev 0% at> TST dyxjev Th
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dX\' qtht, tqHX&lwa/, HgjjTtTJov wotqoue%q tw
spanav; o\' as ai fttv r\Xdjjipuf/kva\ ruv weXtuv y(3doTXu%dfi/viottOTV, usot' CKHVOV Tt/yj
euf T?? ownvoftias TWTHS '• a\ o% CKo\to\ofjkvu
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TfS etplwns *<nv: r]ftuv o\i Itvis « w et Xv/jguvepttv
PANEGYMCVS.
iia
micitiaspropter eofdem, & betta eontra eofi
demparauerimus. Huautemper/ec7ts,&egefiatepropuifita, qua &ficietatet dirimit, &
iura necejfitudinum inimicitiu imfetit, &
omnes hominet bellis acfeditionibus inuoluit:
fierinonpoterit, quin & in concordiam redigamur, &vera omnet beneuolentia coniungamur. Jjhtibusdecau/it, occupatihacvnare
effedebemus, vtprimoquoque tempore bell»
binc in Hftam tranfiato, hocfiitem boniex intcfiinubettuconfequamur>vtpeimilitaruperitiahicparta, contra Barbarosnobuabutenm
dumeffevideatur. K^itfropterfcedusfortaffe
cunclandam cH,&nonfeftinanduminequt~>
temere bettum/ufiipiendum ? Jjtuiafni verb?
propterquodfcedus &ciuitates inlibertatem
afferta regigratiam habent,tanquam eo beneficio ab itto affecJq, &dedita Barbaris ,fotifi
fimum quidem Lacedamoniot accufantjcdtamen caterosetiam, quipacuconditionesacm
ceperunt, tanquamjeruire propter illoscoaHa. ittudnefaedus ratum eft hahendum, quod
taluopinio confecutaefi, Barbarum&Gram
ciagererecuram, &pacu effecuftodem: nofirumverbquofdaextitiffe,quieamvexaret,
fi *
&
115
nANHrTPIKOS.
•fufl Keutus miSvrtsetvrlvj', o e^isuvruvKeU&yt*
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et fetv potp etortvoftas eipiifat wn vtfcras Hstf
ortjXas, reis 3d) rt)s EvpuottiS > atetKotf /\i/\vretf
ftelrliv cvnifS sy/\cus't<iiv.eidX CUMJJJIW<pipa
vjftiv > K&f m/AaS ruv ovfjtfteixuv axoiosuKt: reu
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fJtiZjn&s az&suyfxuru Hfff fttj ouv^Kets aveu. %
petp GSK otd\tv,'ort OUVJTJKOD: ftkvdatv, curtvtg
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t&c^Sy-TurasiiipiisihetTlSvTU Tmey.1} chxcuor,
choKetf ruv arfto^Gi&eu^TUvrcajTbwrltt) dputiu
ehtceuuseii Kurtfyeeoifitv: ert mftp^vrns \gsb
ruv ttixLvuVi\ssrip ruvfSctpZetpuv imttfauvn rets
cTittysKctc. ijxfilwyXp etvras,dr id\Uariuj ictvruv t%av tKetyas, drt Hfff TUV oop/uhurm imp%av '.drtHf/i rdruv Kpjtrdv, uv \xzsv ritv uptwlw
irvy%uve(Jttv txovrtg: "tv n raruv op/auftivas, K&
x»tvovt) O\KCUOV amvfouftivas, dru ovyyectpiSpuf
rrfe* eurtSv.Vtwd\jt rtj ptiv qfttripet mXa, Hfffrv
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fietpGetpov ctatuo*)S r*)s A'ototf cf[sazro'riuj Kct
vuv, ds \sarip cacuva n/eteftnouvruv *)ptuv: *) r*)s
ftik
P A N E G Y R I C VS.
Il4>
& infefiarent ~ lam illud maxime ridiculum
eft, qubdin conditionibw eas religiofifiime
firuamw,qua deterrimafitnt: Tgam qua ium
infulis, tumvrbibw Europais libertatemrefiituunt,iam olim abrogataJunt,&JrufirapiUsinfiripta.^ua verb & nobis dedecorijunt,
&multosefociis Barbaro dediderunt: ea demum immota manent: illa omnia comprobamus, qua tollendajunt, necvnum diem toleranda, cum putandafint iujfa, nonpactipnes. fiJufienimnefeit,ew_eJepaHUnes,cun»
par &aquum iwvtrifque^s tribuitur: iujfa
verb, chmalteripraterius &aquumdeteriorejunt conditione^j ~ fjuare legatos & huiw
pacis interpretes iure culpamw, q/ubdmifii
a Gracisfaedw pro Barbaris fecerunt. Eos
enim decuijfet ,fiu> vijumfuififet ,fingulisfua
tenenda-.fiueetiamin betto captos iw habendum:fiueearetinendaeffe, quapacis tempore habuijfemw: vnum aliquidex ittis definifi
JeJ, aciureinmediumpropofito,ficinliteras ea retuUffij. Tgunc vrbinofira, ac Lacedamoniorum nihilhonoris tribuerunt: Barbarum autem totius %Jttfia dominum confiituerunt: quafinos pro eo bettum gefiiffemw;
H 3
aut
Aliu.
'SvLAtfrltyaji hojyoieaiojc AoJuQts, kritSn 'AtoyMlm
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PANEGYRICVS.
116
aut Perjarum imperium antiquuejfit,msreeens in his vrbib.confidiJfimm:& non iltinuferhochonorefotitiejfent,nosautem ab omni
auofrineipatum Graciateneremm/Arbitror
autem, qudm cotumetibse nobifium aclum,&
quantoRexmetioreconditionefitficforedilueidim. 2\am cum terra vniuerfi,qua cceti cir*
eumflexutegitur,induasfitdiuififartes,quarum hac Europa, Afia i//a diciturfemijfim aceefitexfaclo, quafinocum hominibm iungeretfcedmfidcu Ioue imperiumpartiretur. Et
hac coegit nos lapideis infirifta colunis,inpubticis teplts coficrare: id quodmultbpulehrim
trofhaum cs~f, qudm ea qua inpratiisflatuun-,
iur. Illa enim obparua quadam oferM,&vnum
euentu.-hac verb de toto beUo,& contra totam
Graciamponuntur. ^uafropter&irafiendi
,eH, &ineundaratio aliqua, vt&Juperioris
temforis iniurias vlcifiamur:&ne quidinfofteru Gracia detrimenti capiat,proJpiciamm.
Nam cum Barbaris friuatimferuis vtendum
cenfiamm:tantaficiorummultitudintperficordiam noftra, iUorum dominatupremi,turpefuerit. Cum Troiani beUi tempore maiores
noftrivnim mutiercula raptum ita vindicandum eenfiterint, vtftnebelti ante nofecerint,
H 4
quam
ii7
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tefxias, KjH "a/XT^utag ix&pSs» Hfff rt~Ketg>* (x\y
ayxjoi ,
PANEGYRICVS.
ng
ttuam vrbs eius, a quo ortafuerat iniuria, euerteretur: nos, cum tota Gracia violetur, de
vltione publica non cogitabimus? prafirtim
citm ea perficere liceat, quibus nec optari meliorapofiint. Solum enim hocbellumpaciprafiat,fiec7aculopotius, qudm expeditionifimite, & vtrifquevtile, tam quietisamantibus,
qudm belli appetentibus. 2{am illi quidemfecurefiuifuisopibuspoterunt: hi magnas aliorumopes occupabunt, gubdfi quis in omnes
partesverfet animum, hasaiiiones maxime
nobis expedire deprehendet. Lfige verb,finibil iniqui petas , fedipfam iantum aquitatem fiecfes, quibus tandem bellum efiinferendum ? K-tfn non iis, qui & olim Graciam
afflixerunt, &nuncinfidiantur,&hoc erga
nos effe animo nunquam defiiterunt ? fifuibusverb inuiderepareil, homines non prorfus effceminatos , fed ea re moderate vtentes? nonneiUis quidiuinapropepotentiapraditi, nequioresjuht hominibus apudnos calantitofis ? Jguibus verb bellumpotiusinferrcj
dekent vin&pietatisfiudiofi, &Jua vtilitatis haud negtigentes ? Ifonne & natura hofiibusy&paternuinimicts, &iisquimaximas
H s
opes
ii9
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tnQuf T*e (tivetv rJtXovme, TUV owut&XovS-Sv
fj\\fofL*\nvTuv.ueyup arue, *j vi@**)>mXuioe,
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oncrtw uvui/ft) ve/titjHV, ij ^uvmei^etv, *) TtXdjToouvme KuQXeixj/uv r£e cv rxroie Ttie tpyue ^?<ycCottvtue j oorn yxp o\ >at9e AXi^uvcfpov onXtftt}ettVTte, H£H f*iuv -a-oAiv tAovTie > mxTuvi7i€~jvuv
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-myx<-v6i yvufttw \-jjjuv iv TATS ompovn KCUPS,
Kjff
PANEGYRICVS.
126
opes habent, cum adeas defendendas minime
fint parati ? t^AJtqui hac in illos conueniunt
omnia. Praterea ciuitatibtts, deligendo ex eit
milite, non erimus molefii, quam rem in his
intefiinisbettisgrauifiime, &iniquifiimisanimispatiuntur. ^Multb enimopinorpauciores erunt qui manere velint, quam qui expeditionis huius fomites effe cupiant. ^uis enim
fiue iuuenis fiuefenex, ita ighauus eJf ,vtei
militia intereffe nolit, cuius ducesfint Athenienfis atque Laeedamoni/l qua proficiorum
libertatefufiipiatur? qust confinfu totius Gracia mittatur ? qua advlcifiendos Barbaros
proficifiatur? Jj)uantamverbfamam,quantammemoriam &ghriamcenfenmumeJtaut
viuentes habituros, autpoJi obitumreliituros effe eos,qui in his operibuspra aliispraclarefegefferint? Cumenimq quiaducrfus Alexandrum militarunt, vnavrbeexpugnata,
tantis laudibuseelebrentur: quidiufortcredendumcii, quitota^Afiapotientur? guis
cnirn, fiue poeta, fiue orator, non laborabit
&meditabitur,vtfimul&fuiingenij,&virtutis ittorum, aternum relinquat monimentum ? Ego certe quidem non ita mncfintio,
•" '
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121
nAHHTTPIKOZ.
ttgjf <st& Tcls aufxoXs rS JXoyij. rtn ft\r ytf ufjJtv
etjjtus lwi\aiejwv£krur
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TIO-
PAMEGYRICVS.
iit
Vt oratibnk iniiio. Tum enim mefro dignitaiererumfoffe dicerefutabaminunc verb magnitudinemearum non ajfequor.multag, mihi
eorum qua dicere infeitueram,exciderunt.Fobis igitur iffes refutandum cBcum animis veferk,quantamfeUcitaternadififeiliceatfebellum, quodmodb nosvrget,in Afianosconuerterimus, fjr Afianorum ofes in Eurofam tranfeulerimus.Neq, verb his auditis duntaxat abeundum es~i:fed&qui in rebusgerendisver-.
fantur, alijalios cohortandojoferam dabunt,
vtnoftram & LacedamonioruRemfubUcam
reconcilient: & eloquentiafeudiofiferibere^*
aduerjus defofetum definent: caterisjj nugis
omnibus omifeit, quibut nuncfeudfnt, in hoc
argumento interfefe certabunt: oferamfadabunt,vt hts derebus melius,quam ego,dicant.
Satis enim intelligitur, eos non decere, vt magnafrofefeiyparuts rebus occufentur, eduedicant, fer qua i/ quibusferfiiaferint, nihilofuturifihtfeUciores. In illisfotius eH elaborandum,quibmferfeHk,ryiffiinofiaiftaUberentur, & de aliisfracUre meritiejfevideantur.
ISO-
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fyiyltosego vefirum mirariputo, quidnam
itt mentem mihi veniat, vt indiclo coneilio
frouidendum ejfe moneam,ne quidReJpubUca,
detrimeticapiat: quafiea velheUisvrgeatur,
velreh.duhiiscofiitletur:cum ejrtriremes auflius dueentaspofiideat, & agrumpacatuhaheat,&marisimperiuteneat,&ficietatemunitafit,cummultofu,qui,firespofiulet,atacriter nos adiuuent: tu longeplurium,qui &trihutapendant, &imperata exequantur. fihta;
cum itafint,vos quidedixeritaliquis,non immerito magnisejfeanimis,vtq togeapericulis
ahfitis:hofies autevefiros caujas hahere timoris,acJalutiJuaconJulereoportere.Tametfiautenon ignoro,vosifia cogitantes,&denunciationemeam contenere;&Jperate,his copiis totinsGraciapotituros:mihitamehacipfimetu
inctttittnt,quippe qui videamfloretifiimas (vt
fibiperjuajeruntfiiuitatespefiimis vti cofiliis:
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&eas quafieurifiimafunt, plurimuperieulis circumueniri. In eaufi illudeB > qubdnequeficunda > nec aduerfa res vlla mortalU
busfola continguntifidita eomparatumcfh,
vt opes tjrpotentiam , dementia, & cum
hac > immodefiia eomitetur: inopiam autem & humilitatem > prudentia & modera*
tio. JguarCrS difficilcs tudicatu es~h, vtrA
ifiarum partium praoptandafit> quam liberu-quijpiamjuu reUtlam djkj velit. Siquidemex eaquadeterior habefur, resplerumquej> videmus incrementaJumercjfeUeitatis-.ex altera verb qua prsfiantior putatur,
recidercjfolere^jin deterius. Jguarum rerum plurima exempla fuppeditant tum prU
uata res ,jrequenttj?imuobnoxia mutationibus: tum verb maiora, & auditoribus euidentiora, eafiss nofiri & Lacedamoniorum.
TLtm&nos, euerfavrbed Barbaris, obcautam & diligentemretum adminifirationew,
printipes Gracorum euafimus. Cum auiem.
nos potentia ejfi pradttos infupetabili puiaremus.-vrbu excidium vix euitauimus.EtLa* eedamonij, ex obfiuris olim &paruu oppidttlis progrefii,vita modefisd & difiipUnami-'
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Mtdri Peloponnejumjubegerunt. Pe&autent
fafiu &fuperbiaelati, cumterramarisq^imperium adeptiejfent,eadem qua nos difcrtminajubierunt. ^uifquis igitur buiujmodi mutationes non ignorat, &, cum tantas opes tam
fubitb euerfks videat,prafentifiatuitamenfidit,incogitans esl:prafertim cum nofira vrbis
res deteriore locofint, quam illo tempore: cum
Cracorum odiis, tum regis Perfarum inimicitiis renouatis, qua tum nos debellarunt. Sum
equidem animidubius,vtrum exifiimem,nulla vosaffici Reipublica cura:an,cumeam cure-.
tu,non tamen animaduertere,in quantis turbis ciuitas nofira verfetur. 7\am ea rerum vefirdrumjbrma& quafifacies e&,'dt& vfbes
ihracias omnes amifijfe, & vltra mille tatentainfiipendia militumprofudijfe, & Gracis
fufieBieJfe, &bofiesfac7iBarbaro, &Tbe+
banorum amitosferuare coacTi, &vefirosfbcios perdidijjLs videamini. Ob haefacTd,
bis iam, quafi rc-> bene^jgefia ,fuppltcationesdecreuimus: acnegligentiuspro Concione
deliberamus, quam hi quibus omniaficun-;
dijstma acciderunt. JJeque vero mirum eff,
nos his tum atfionibus, tum eafibus implicari.
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res ipfi ,nofirique animijpeclentur, magisea
deleclamur, quam iliaqua nobis a maioribus
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banc vnamrattpneminuenio, qua&immi~
ventiafericula deeUnentur, & mala vrgentia remaueantur:fieamDemocratiamreuocare vubterimus, quam & (Solon, quonemo
fuit fofuUfiudibfior, legibuefiis confiituit:
tjr Clifibenes, tyrannis eieftis, populoqucs
in.vrbem reducTo , itt integrum refiituit.
guanet• pofulariorem, nec ReipubUca vtu
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aUa videretur: mqucfic ciues erudierunt, vt
infetuiantia Democratiam, in legum oegle*
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fuariuttumdiferimen intet honos &improbos
facit, vt iniqua, refudiata, illam quafroftaqtienfc merito &honorat &funit,amflexi,&:
ingerenda Repub.fecutifunt. Necpromifcue
emnes adficietatemagiftratuum admiferunt;
fedoftimum quen^&fingulumuneribusoh~
eundisaptiftimum, adhihito iudicio,pratulerunt.Nam adeoruexemflum,fenes quosfumtnarerttm ejfet, etiam caterosfe comfaraturos
JJerabant. Deindefofulariorefutarunt hanc
rationem,eaquafortemagiftratUscreat,Nam
firtitionisgubernatrixforttanaes~t,&fipema,
giftratus continguntfaucorupotentiaftudio*
f.s.Cumautainiegerrimiquifodekctuh&bito,
fotioresferunttinfofulifoteftateefteoselige'
re, quifrafonteftatum maximeconforuatum
volunt. Vtautemhac multttudiniflacerent,
nuttafo de magiftratibtu con.tentiones orireri*
tur; in caufi ittuderat, quodlahorihtes&Jru^
galitatiajfueuerant,nefafuanegligebant,altihf
nisinhiahant: nec epubbco remfriuatamftaj.
hiliehant: feddefuo quififc* cumresfoftuiahatj,
etiam Remfuh.iuuahat: nec meliusfciebant
quosexuria, qttdm quos defioreditushaberent.jguin etiam a vcttigaUbus ciuitatistanr
tofere ahftmehant, vttttis temforihus dfficiltus
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tiltus efjet inuenire qui RempubxapeJJere veL
lentyquanuncquieimadminijiratione carere
pofitnt. Necenim Reip.curamnegoeiationem,
fedoccupationem exifHmabatinec aprimo die
computabant, anpriores magiftratusfirdidi
ahqaidluceffirehquijfint:fidmultbmagk,akf
aliquidneglexijfent, quodprimo quofytempo»
re conficiendum effit. DeniUj vtpauck abfiluam,itafiatuebant,oportercpopulum,tanqua
dominum, conftituere magifiratus, crpunire
deLnquentes, Criudicarede controuerfiis: ik
autem qui ocium agerefoffent, quia\ haberent
vnde viuerent, ita curandam ejfi Rempub.vt
res maximefints.guifimunusfuum recJeadminiftrajjentylaudandos eos ejfi, illo konorc^j
contentos. Sinmateremgefiiffent,nuUamek
veniam fribuendam ,fed mulclas maximas
irrogandas. Enimuerb quanam autfirmior,
aut iuftior Democratia inuenieturea, quapotentifiimos quojquejumma rerumpraficit, ry
eorum ipforumpopulum dominum conftituiti
Ac Rejpub. eorum hoc mcdofuit ordinata-.vndefaciie intelligitut, eos etiam in quotidiana
vita ratione, honeftatk ac legumperpetubfu*
iJfiftudiofis.Aliterenimfierinonpotefi,quin
uuifummarerumfundamtnta rite iecerunt,
etiam
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Uter,nonferturbAtevelipfoStolebanttvtleorumfifia cclebrabattt-.necfi quando vifim eus
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ficr/ficabdtfid i//ud accurate obfiruabant, ne
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velvltra confieta adiicetent. 2{ec enim ma-~
gnitudinefimptuum religionem metiebatur:
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eorum curafuit, netempefiatestemere actu-.
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ejfint. Confimilemadmodumetiaminterfefi
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alif' curabant,vt cordatos viros decet,&communitatepatria deuinitos. Nam & tenuiores
tiuesadeb non inuidebant ditioribus,vt aque)
filiciti effint de magnis familiis, ac dejitis:
exifii-
14*
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eopor
AkEOPAGiflCVS.
IAi
txiflimantes, iUorum diuitidiftas ejfe copiasi
rflocupUtes,idntumdberdtvtdeJpicercnteos
qui re mihus lauta ejfent, vt ciuium ittopiam
dedecorifbiefiepuiantesi illorum hecefitatibusfubuehirent, aliis dgros colendos mediocri
pectthid locando~,aliosadhegociatiohem ablegandoi aiiisfortem ad alios qusftusfuppeditado.Nec ettim metuebant,nealterutrumfibivJuuettiretiVi veltotius/itmma iacTuramfacerentfVetmdgnis moleftiis partem aliquadatd
pecunia recuperarent :fed non mintts tuiahi
putabantpecuniam aliis muttib datam, qudni
domirepofitahi. Videbdntehim, iudicesnon
abuti lehitdte,fidtegibusbbtemperdre:heque
fibi ih dtibrumperiiulis delinquendtfecuritatempraparare ,fidmdgis irdfiifiaudaniibus^
quam ebs ipfis qttibusfiebdt iniurid. 2{dm qtti
fident CohtracJuum violareni, eospauperibus.
cehfebantpius hocere, quarhopulentis. Hosehim,fideflneretclientelasfibiafcifcere,paruis
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tt
qui
143
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A RE O P A G I T I C V S .
144
Utti mutttum petebant, qudm qui reddebant,
Vtraque enim ittis vfu veniebant,quapruden- '
tes homines expetenda cenfeant, vtfimul &
ciuibusprodeJfent,&Jua refamiliari quaftum
facerent: &, quodfummum eit, ac adciuilem
confuetudinem aptiftimum, vt &poffefttones
in tuto effentiis quieasiuretenebant, &vfits earum ex aquo communis ciuibus omnibus
quiindigerent. Fortaftisautem erunt,quihac
qua diximus, reprehendant, qubdacsiones illorum temporum laudem: cuujhs autem, propter quas & interfefe tampacate vixerint, &
nsrbem tam praclare gubernarint, non explicem. Ego verb etfinon nihileius quoquege»
neris me dixfteputo, plura tamen & dilucidius his de rebus dfterere conabor. Tfqm itti
auidem, non vtpuerilis infeitutionu magnam
curam Jufeipiebant ,fic adultis omnem quiduisagendi licentiam dabant:fedquiiam intcgra atatc-j erant, diligentius obferuabantur qnarn inpueritia. tJsiaiores enim noferi,
tnodeftia tantam rationem habuerunt, vt Sext/ttum K^ireopagiticum cenfera morumprafecerint.inquemordinemadmittinefaserat,
tsifi &honefto loconatos, &virtute acvitn
K 2
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AKEOPAGITICV*.
I4<J
tmdeftiafeettatifiimos.gisarenonmirumefi,
cum Senatumvniuerfis totiusGracia conciliis
antecettuifie.Jjjhta auteolim eius loci ratiofuerit, ex his qua etiam hodiefiunt,intettigitur:
cum nunc etiam defignatos & deUcJos in hunc
ordinemvideamus,etiamficaterisinrebusintoUrabilesfint,vbi in Areopagum afcederint,
non audere naturafia indulgerefedittisinftitutispotius vti.quamprauitatifia immorarh
Tantum illi metu improbis iniecerunt, ac tam
illuftrefiavirtutis ejmodeftia monumentum
ineoloco rdiquerunt, HurtcigfturtaUm,vt
dixifinatum cenfira morumprafecerunt.Et
quidJinfiitiareosegerunteos,quiibipraftantifiimos virosforeputarentyvbileges exquifitifiima haberentur.guodfiita efiet,nihilprohibere,quo minus omnes GraciaquaUs ejfent:
cumprocliucfit, Ugesalios ab aliis exferiptas
mutuari. Verum non eam rem virtutis afferre
incremetafidquotidiana vita confietudine.
NampUrofifoiis moribusfimiUs euadere necef
fe effcquibusfinguli educatifuCrintimultitudinem autem,&qccuratioremUgum conftitutionemfignum effe maliftatus Reipub. Nam
dumdelicJa quafi aggertbus obiecJis coercere
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autemprudentesmagifiratus,noporticusimplere legibusfedefficere, vt ciuesanimis infitum habeant iufiitiafiudium. Noenim Senatufionjulta, autplebifcita,fidpclara infiituta
felicemefficereciuitatem.Namhominesmalb
infittutos, legcsetiaexquifitifitmas negligere
Audere: qui autem recle & confianter educati
fint,eosdemum bonis legib.veffe obtemperare.
HaciUicogitdtcs,nonprimumfte&a.hantquihus modis immodeftospuniretfidquaratione
ciues adducipojjent ,vt nequidvettentpcena
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verb adolefcentes inprimis. Videbant enim,ei
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eJftemperatisvoluptatelaborib.gauderet.Eos
enim qui liberaliter educati, & magnitudini
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alijfiagitiis plurimis abftinerent. netfc conteti
folas leges tulffe, de catero negligentfs erant:
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laterent eoshi qui deliquijfent, vt ante animadaerterent,qu6fnam verifimileejfetfecca- •
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tur', quibtts erant dejiinati: dr quiprincipem
inillislocum tenebant, eos admirabantur &
fiifabantur. Forum autem itafugiebant,vt,fi
quando tranfirecogerenturjdmagna cum verecundia &modefiiafacerevideretur. Senioribus verb aduerfari, aut nraledicere,grauius
ejfeputabant,qnuncparentes violare. Iam in >
caupona edere,aut bibere,nemo nefiugiquide
firuus audebat. Grauitati,nonfitrrilitatiJiudebant: & hominesdieaces,& adirridendum
paratos, quosnuncfacetosvocant, iUicalamitofos iudtcabant, 2{efo verb mequijquam exiJiimet iratum ejfe ijii atati. TSJeque enim quicquam harum rerum adolefcentibus efi imputandum: ejrplurimos eorumfcio ifia rationcJ
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he/fr betlis ciuitas redundabatfidciues& in*
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illos qutdem cOhfirudrant: hosautemficvlti
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vt in magnafecuritate degerent: &pulchrio*
ta acfumftuofiora effent adificia, & apparatus
in agris, qudm intra mcehia: multique ciuium
nec ihfiiehnibus fefiis in vrhem defiederent%
fidfita refamiliari, quampublicifieBacuHs,
fiui mallent. Nec enim iUajjubrum gratia veniffit aliquis,luxUriose autjuperbejedcordate inftruebant: nequefelititatem pomparunt
aut adilitiorum munerum contentionibus,aut
fimili quafiam ihfitentia metiebantur: fed
quotidiana vitamodefiia, &tali rerumnecejfariarum copia , vt ne qui ciues egerent,
fjhtibus e rebus xflimandifuht verefelices,&
non importunegerentes Rempublicam, Nam
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voluerint,aliiubere:in aureis vefiimentisfaU
tare.in iis hybernare, qua ego dicere nolo:ficut
fjfalia multafratereo, qua interfefe minime
confeniiunt in hacgubernatione, ac magnuni.
dedecus Reip.imfrimunt.Jguarum rerum,itto
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ejfentmott tamen cxifiimdrint,vos eam amulatutos.fidforei vtviconjuetudinisimpulfi,
malitis tfio rerumfiatu acerha Complura perpeti,qudm emendatione ReipubiVitam degere
feliciotcm, Addebant etiam,ejfe mihipericutum,nedumoptima cofuletevti infenfusplebii
& oligatchia infiitueda cupidus videret. Fgo
verbifi de rebus ignotis &nouis verbafacere»
&adillasconfiituendas vo/ indifio Concilio
creare Cofiffbres,autferibdS deligereiuberem,
per quos antehac popularisftatusabrogatus
efi:iutehocnomineaccufater.Nunctalenihit
dixijeddegubernationedifierui.no/focculta,
fidmanifefia: quamfiitisomnes &pairiant
vobis effe, & citm Reipublica noftra, tum cateris GracuplutimaspepetiJfevtiUiatei: at*
que etiatn ab iis viriifaneitam & Confiitutarn, quos nemo eft quin omnium ciuium ma*
ximefuijfe popularesfatcaiut. fi>uart*>mt*
€um iniqmfiimc agetctur,fitalis RiipubUcd
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cligirchias &iniufias prarogatiuas dmevituperatas: aqualiutemverb & democratiaa
laudataseffe,nSquidem omnes,fidre£ieordinatasmec^idamefaclueffetemereautfortuitbfidiareata.prudenter.Nam &maiores nofirosea rationelonge aUupraftitiffe: & Lacedamoniorum ob hoe maxime Remp.fiioflorere,qubdpopularifiatumaximevtuntur.Nam
&inmagfiratuumereatione,&inquotidianavitaconJuetudine,cateru^ftudiuapudeof
aquitatem &aquaUtateplus vaiere videmus,
quam apudcateros: qua quidem inftituta vti
fisnt oligarchiu cStrariaffic in bonis democratitsvfitata.gubdfirem accurateperpenderimus:claris & magnu eiuitatibus democratiac
vtiliores oligarchiu effeinueniemus. Etenim
velnofiramRempublicam, quaab omnib. reprehendifiltt ,ficonferatur non cum ea quam
modb recenfuifid cum iBa qua triginta tyrannorum temporibus extitit: nemo erit quin diuinitus effefaclam arbitretur. Lubetautem
(licet ab infiituto alienum videri queatjfignificare&commemorare, quantuminterhanc
nofiram &illam interfit: ne me quu exfiim&ftnpopHkdcUftaquidcmfeuerminquirc-
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AREOPAGITICVS.
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refi quidautempraclare magnificet^ ab eogefiumfitpraterire. Eritautehac commemoratio ne%prolixior,nee inutilu audientib. TJam
sum nauibusadHelleJJdtumamifiuMas Refi
pttb.cladesaccepijfet:quisenatu maiorib.igno
rat,eos quipopularesvocabantur,quiduisperpetipro tenenda ItbertatefuiJ/eparatos.atque
indignifitmum iudicajfe, eam ciuitatemqua
Gracis imperaJfet,aliorum imperioparere? ejr
hos quidem hofies iudicatos-.paucorumautem
potentiafiudiofos nonrecufajfe, quo minus ejr
meenia diruerent, ejr inferuitutefe traderent?
Actumquide,cumjummarerupenesmultitudmeeJfet,nos alioru arcib.impofuijfeprqfidia;
cumautetriginta illi Remp.gererent,ab hofiibus nofiraarcem occupata? llfgtempore Lacedamoniosfuijfe nofiros donfijto0ofiqudverb:
exules reuerfij) libertatepugnare aufifuerut,
tjrCononpraUo naualivicit-.legatos ab eis venijfe,quinofiro-ciuitatimarisdarentimperiu?
Jam quis meoriLaqualium non meminit,in illa
democratia vrbemfic exornatafuijfe & templis ejrjacrificiis: vt, qui etiamnum huc adueniunt,eam ejfe dignacenfeant,no Graciq tantum,Jedtot? etidorbuimperio?triginta verb
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19«
AHEOPAGITICVS. t 164
tyrannos &facrificianeglexiffe, &ftnaexpilafie, & nauatia trib.talentis defiruenda vendidifie:quaReip.non minue mille talentis confiiterunt? K^ic neclementiam quidem ittorum
quifquam laudarit magis, quamdemocratie.
Namilliquidem ex Senatuftojuhofummarerumpotiti, M& CCCCC. ciues indiela caufk
occiderunt: in Piraeum amplius quinq^ millia
fugerecoegerunt.HiauteconficutiviBoriam,
&armis reeuperatapatria,non nifinocentifiitnis e mediojublatisfuas cotrouerfias ea moderattoneanimoru,&aquitdtecompofiterut:vt
qui cateros eieeerant,aquatiiurecum iis viuerent,quifefiipfirefiituiffent. llludcertemaxitnu ehj&pulcherrimuaquitatis&tu\infuetutiinupoputiargumentum.Namitsquiinvrbe
remanftrat,talenta C. dLacedamoniis,adeos
obfidendos qui Piraeum eccuparat, mutuatis:
indiBadereddedapecuniact>ncione,eumulti
aqu» effe dieerent,vt Lacedamoniisfatisfaccrent, non tjqui obfidionem tokraffent,fedqui
tnutub/umpfiffent:populus,vtcommuniterab
emnib.filutiofieret, decreuit. Enimuerb cum
his animis effent, in tantanos eoncordiarcdegerunt,&ficRemp.auxerut,vtLacedamonif,
L 4
qui
159
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v£ xaSr rjutpjtv, irjty 7»7c a/Xeie Sv\irr]J\6ijftaorv,
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ougirchias &iniufias prarogatiuasdmevituperatas: aquatitatem verb tjr democratia*
Uudatas eJfe,no quidem omnes,fedrecle ordinatas:neajidamefac7uejfitemercautfortuitbftdtitreatftprudcnter.Nam&maiorcsmfirosea rationcionge atiuprafiitiffc: & Lacedamoniorum obhoemaximeRemp.fciofiorere,qubdpopularifiatumaximevtuntur.Nam
& in magiftratuum ereatione, & in quotidiana vita conjuetudine,eateru^fiudiuapudeot
aquitatem &aquatitateptits vaiere videmus,
qudm apudeateros: qua quidem infiituta vtk
funt oligarchiu cttrariaffie in bonis democratiuvfitata.gubdfi rem aceurateperpenderimus-.claris & magnu eiuitatibus dentoeratiae
vtitiorcs oligarchiu ejfcinueniemus. Etenim
velnoftram.Rempubiicam, quaab omnib. reprehendifiltt ,Ji conferatur non cum ea quam
modb recenjuiftdium iUaquatriginta tyrannorum temporibus extitit: nemo erit quin diuinitus eJJefaSam arbitretur. Lubctautem
(tieetab infiituto alienumvideriqueatjfignificare & commemorare, quantum inter hane
noftram &illam interfit: ne me quis exifiimetfinpoputidetiiJa quidemfeutriutinquircL *
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AREOPAGITICVS.
16«
re.fi quidautempraclare magnificeq^ ab eogefiumfitpraterire. Eritautehac commemoratio ne%prolixior,nec inutilis audientib, "Nam
cum nauibmadHellefiotum amifiisMas ReJZ
pub,clades accepijjet:quis e natu maiorib, igno
rat,eosquipopularesvocabantur,quiduisperpetipro tenenda Lbertatefuiffeparatos-.atque
indignifiimum iudicajje, eam ciuitatemqua
Gracis imperaJJet,aliorum imperioparere? (J
hos quidem hofies iudicatos :paucorum autem
potentiafiudiojos nonrecujajje, quo minits ejr
rnoeniadiruerent,rJ injeruttutefe traderent?
Ac tum quide,cumjumma rerupenesmultitudineeJJet,nos altoruarcib.tmpojuijfeprafidia:
tumautetriginta iUi Remp.gererent,ab hofiibtts nofiraarcem occupata? l^gtempore Lacedamoniosfuijje nofiros donfinosjpofiquaveru
exules reuerji,p libertatepugpare aufifuerut,
(jrCononpratto naualivicitdegatos ab eis veniJ/e,quinofira-ciuitatimartsdarentimperiu?
lam quismeortLaqualium nonmemtmt,in i//a
democratiavrbemficexornatafuifeefitemplts efijacrificm: vt, quietiamnum huc adueniunt,eam ejfe digndcenjeant,nd Graciq tan'
tumfiedtot? etiaorbuimperio?triginta vero
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rii
AK.EOPAGITICVS. ,
164,
tyrannos &faeriftcianeglexijfe, &fanaexpiIdjfe, & naualid trib.talentis deftruenda vendidiJft-.quaReip.non minus mille talentis conftiterunt? i^dc neelementiam quidem iBorum
quifquam laudaritmagis, quamdemocratia.
Nam iUi quidem ex Scnatufepjultofumma rerumpotiti, M& CCCCC. ciuesindicJa caujk
occiderunt: in Piraeum amplius quinq^ millia
fugerecoegerunt.HiauteconfecutiviSloriam,
&armis reeuperatapatria,non nipnocentiftitnis e mediojubtatisfuas cotrouerftas ea moderationeanimoru, &aquitdte eompojuerut: vt
quicateros eieeerant,aquatiiurecum iis viuerent,qutfeftipfireftituijftnt. iBudcertemaximuehj^ukherrimuaquitatis&manfuetustinnpoputiargumentum.Namiuquiinvrbe
remanferdt,tatenta C. dLacedamoniis,adeos
obfidendos qui Piraeum occuparat»mutuatis:
indic7adereddedapecuniaconcione,eumulti
aquueJftdicerent,vtLacedamoniisfatisfacerent, non ijqui obfidionem toleraJftnt,ftdqui
tnutubJumpfiJftnt:populus,vtcommuniterab
omnib.filutiofteret, decreuit. Enimuerb cum
his animis ejfent, in tantanos concordidrcdegerunt,&ficRcmp.auxcrut,vtLaccdamonif,
L 4
qui
465
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ffltovri&'KJH fBvtys Tt TXTOIS, Te)s ytyovoTots c*t
xxAut
AR.EOPAGITICV3.
166
quiinoligarcbiafingulisferediebusnobisaliauidimperabant, in democratiafuppUces orarent ,nefid 7hebanis funditus cxrindipateremur, <JddJummam,vtrifyhocpropofitum,
hoc confiitutum ac deliberatumfuit, vtalteri
ciuibueimperare, hofiibuefiruireveUent: alteri ahis imperare, cumriuibuepari &aquo
iureviuerefiuderent, Hacduabue de caufis
recenfui ,primum vt ofienderem, menec oligarchia»nec vUiue iniufiaprarogatiuajuajbrem eJfefidRempublicam iufiam &modefiam
defiderare, JDeinde vtperjpiceretur, & mald
confiitutae democratiae, paucioresgignercj
calamitates: & eas qua bene admimfirantur,
hocipfoexeettere^qubd&iufiioresfinty&humaniores,&ciuib,iucundiores.Sedaliquiform
tajfc mirabutur, quidin mentemihi venerit,
qui vobie autor ejfe non dubifem rimReip.qua
tanta&tampraclarafecerit,mufanda?alids
tantopere democratialaude:alids terncre,mutata rurjumfintetia,prafintemfiatum increpem & reprehedam? Ego vera ctiamfriuatos
homines, quipauca refteagunt, in muitis de~
linquunt, accujb, & deteriores exifiimo qudm
icceaf.eos itemquiexintegerrmk virienati,
L, s
homi-
167
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A CITICVS.
168
hominibusnequifiimu&improbifiimisfaulb
quidemprobioresfuntfidavirtutefarentum
longe degenerarunt, vitufero: eosq^ monitos
velim,vttaUsprabereftdefifterentJde&de
fiatupublieofintio: ae nuttanobis eaufam effc,
curfiperbiamus,&fraclarenoBifcuagifutemuSfftfaulo maiorftt apudnos legum reueretia, quam apudhomines illos nefarios & infnos: indignarifotius aeagreferredebemus,
nos maiorib. nofiris effe deteriores. Nec enim
cum triginta tyranorum improbitate.fidcum
horumvirtute eertandumnobis efl,prafertim
cum bonitate vniuerfis mortalibus nos deceat
antecettere.Adhunemodunonnuncprimum,
fidfapeiam, & apudmultos dtfferuiiy Nam in
fingults aliis locis,peculiari quodam geniofiuclus ejrarbores & animantium innafcigenera
fiio,qua longe aliisfraftent: nofiraautem tellureviros & educare &giguerefoffe; tum ad
ariestracTandas & resgerendas ingenioftfiimoSftumfortitudine&virtutepftantijftmos.
jdq, &ex vetuftispraliis iudicandum eft,qua
cum Amazonibus & Thracib. & Peloponnenfib.vniuerfiscommiferunt: &epericulis, qua\
bettts Perficis adierunt: in quib.&fili,& Pelo*
ponncnAREOP
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AxiopAGifrcvs.
170
fonnenfthusfociis,tumpedeflribus,tum naualib9pugnis, BarbarisJuperatis,pPatercateroi
fortitudinis laudem,ctari(?imis facinorib.editu,meruerunt.Neq^verbquicquaeiuJmodifeciJfent,nifinaturalongealiisprafiitiJfent»Caterum nemoputet,adnos,quimncvrbem tenemusjaudationem hacpertinere. Longealiterfereshabet. Natalesorationesvtiislaudi
Junt, quife dignos virtute maioruptabuerut:
Jic ad eos accujandos valent,qui nobititatifua
ignauia ejrflagitiis labeuliquaajperferunt: tai
' quodnosfacimus.Necenim dtjstmulada veritas eft. Cuenim talis natura ejfet.eam noeonferuauimus :fedin ignorationeineidimus, &
tumultu,&malarurerum eupiditare. Verum
fidieendo qua reflant omniaperfeques,ea qua
nuncgeruturreprehendero&accujaro.-vereor
ne tongius ab inflituto aberre.Ac de illis quide
rebus &ante dixhnus,&iterumdicemus:mfl
vobisperfuafero, vt talib.delicJts modufaciatis. Dehis autequa ab initio inftitui,vbipauca
dtjferuero, locum dabo aliisfl quipratereadareconfilium volent. Nos,fl Rempub.itagere^
mus, vt nuncflt: aliterflerinonpoterit, quin
confimileadmodum &conJultemus, & beffigeremus,& viuamus,&fcrc omnia mala tum
fera-
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AAEOPAGITICVS.
17*
feramus,tttmfaciamus,qua&inprafentia &
olim acciderunt. Sin Rempublicam mutauerimus\ eddem ratione confintaneumeft,tales
nojlrasquo^resfore, qualesmaiorum nofirorumfuerunt. Ex eddem enimgubernandi rationeaclionesetiamfemper aquales &confimiles exifiere neceffeeft. Deltberandum itaque~> y maximarum rerum contentionefaffa,
vtra nobisfint eligenda. K^fcprimum viden.
dum, quomodo tum Graci, tum Barbari,erga)
iUamfolitiam affec7ijuerint:& qui nuncillorum animifinterga nos? j^ecenim hac duo
hominumgenera minimampartem conferunt
adfeUcitatem,fidenobubenefinjerint. Graciigiturficillotempore nofiru magifiratibua
fdebant: vteorumplurimivltrb nofira tiuitatifitraderent. Barbariverb tantum aberanty vtfi rebus Gracorum admifierent:vP
neque longu nauibusproxime Phafilidem accederent, nequtucum exercitu intra Halyn*
amnem defienderent:fidinjummo ociojtL»
continerent. TJunc eb res rediernnt, vt alterinofiram vrbemoderint, alttrinoscontentu
nant. *-*ttc de Gracorum quidem odiopratores
ipfisaudiuifiu. RexPerjaruautem/uumergs
nos
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AEEOEAGITICVS.
174
nos animum literismifiis declarauit.EtiamiU
Utd addendum eli: dum iUepractarus ordo in
Eepublica feruabatur: ita ciuesad virtutem
fuiJfiinfiitutos,vtinteripfosnuUimotusorU
renturfedvtomnes eos,quiin Atiieam impe*
tumfeciJfint,pugnandofitperarent. 2{oS contra , attos alij laceJfirenuUum diem intermiu
iimusi remverb militarem ita negligimusivt
neemiliiiadare nomina audeamus ,nifiacceptapecunia.Et quodmaximum est,eo temport
nemo ciuis fcifamiliarispenuria laborabat,
neq^ ab obuiisftipe roganda vrbempfobro afficiebatmuntpluresfitnt qui egednt,quam qui
rem habeant.^uibusprofeSib vitio verti non
debet ,fi Remgublicnm nihil omnina curant,
fidfimperinhoevnumjuntintenti, quibtts
rationibusvrgentem quotidiefamem depeUe*
re liceat.Ego itaque,tum nospuiaremfimaioresnoftrosimitaremur,&hismalisliberatum
iri: nec nofira tantum eiuitati ,fidvniuerfis
etiam GracisforefaUiti: ea de caufa ejr huc ae*
tefii, & hanc orationem habui. Vbs autem hit
omnibus confidtratis,eadecernitote, qus
e RepubUcaforemaximevideantur..
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AD PHILIPPVM
ORATIO.
dStE mireris, Philippe,cur non ab ea oratknti
quatibirecitabitur,&nuncoftendeturfidabi.
taquafiriptaeBdeKsfmphipoli, dicendicapiam exordium: hacderepaucaprafabor, vt
& tivi & atiis oftendam, mtntqueperamen*
tiam, nequt hoc languore meo deceptum, hae
firibere adte inftituifje^j :fediuftis caufis•,&
paulatimfuiffe adductum, Tfamcutn bettun*
ate&ciuitatenoftra de<Jbnfhifotigcftumt
mutiorum malorum e/JLs caufam viderem:
&de vrbe&regioneifta•, non eodem mod&
quo 4ut amici tui, autnoftri oratoresfolent>
dicertfemaggrejfustfedfic^ vtquamlongife
fimeab ittorum opinionerecederem. T\amiti
li quidem, dumveftris cupiditatibusfubfer*
uiebant, orationefea vos adbettum incita*
bant. Egoverb deipfis controucrfiisnibilpro*
nuncians, id orationisgenus eligebam, quod
adpacem concitiandamaptifiimumforemthi
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AD
PHILIPPVM.
17S
Vtdcbatur:vtrorumqi errorem rej>rchendcnst
qubd&tu beflumjp noftriscommodisgereres,
&nospotentiamtuamftabUiremus. Nam agri
ifiiuspoffefiionem tibi quidem ejje vtilcm:no~
ftra autem vrbi eiufdem occupationem nu/io
tnodo expedtre^jUlt hacita explicare videbar
audientibusyVt nemo ipfam orationem aut diifionem x tanquam elaboratam &puram (vt
(blentquidd) laudarentjedrerum veritatem
omnes admirarentur.&hanc vnam ejfe rationeconftituendaintervosconcordiafutarent,
fi&tibiperJuaderetur,pluriseffeAthenienftu
amicitiam, quam reditus Amphipolitanos: &
noftra ciuitas inte(!igeretxeas coloniasfugiendasejfe, qua colonosfitosquatcrjut auinquies
peratdiffenuillaq^fotiusquareda ejft loca,qua
froculabejfent ab iis quiimperarepoffent, vi(inaautemiisquiftruircconfucuijfent.Cuiufi
vnodi in locum Lacedamonq Cyrenaos colonos
miftrunt, x^Adhacfi tu animaduerteres,tefi
nobis verbo iftam regionem tradidiffes, ipfitm
reuera ejftretenturum, atque etiambeneuo(entiam noftram tibi conciltaturum (tot enim
noftra amicitia obftdes accepturum, quotin
regnum tuum colonos mitteremus) nofirum
M $
autem
t79
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A b PftixiJPVM.
Ko
kutempopulum,fiquU doceret,nobU,fi<^dmphipolim teneremus,neceJfeforendminuttuU
confultum veUerebus, obciuesnofiros, quiin
tuo imperio confedijfent, quantveterU iUius
Medoci, proptereosquiin Cherfenefipradia
habebat.Cumigitur ea qua ciuiiati nofira dieerentur,eiuJmodinobUeJfent:jferauerequieunq^audierant,editahacoratione,beu,umnos
compofituros:&periculofisconfitiUabieEtUde
communialiquo nofiro bono deliberaturos.Siueigiturprudenterfiue temereita iudicarint:
idipfisfeiticet imputadumesr. Verum cttm ego
in hoc argumetoverfarer,vosprudentiomnino eQnfiliopAcefecifiu,priufquAorAHQAbfotut
returJiam quoeunq modo nobUpacteJfeprafiabat,quam confliclartmaluiUU,qua bellum
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rcrycamq, ndnobUfelumfed& tibi & caterU
CracU omnibtuprofuturamexifiimarem :fa~
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Jpacium, alia bella defideraret. £fua cumfin^
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cenfirent.ldquod&inPanegyricaorationcs
confului. gua cum animo agitarem,necargulrientumvelhonefiius,velmagnificentius,vel
nobis vtilius vnquane excogitari auidemfofi
JeferJiiafumhaberem-.adiddeintegratracJatt
dumjum incitatus , etfirerum mearum nihil
ignoro, tjfatis inteUigo,negocium hocntmea
fineclutiejfi aftum,fedvirumfofiularefiorentisatatis, & aliisingenie multum excelUnte.Atqf iUudetiam vtdeo qudm difficilefit,
binas de edde re tolerabiles habere orationes:
frafertimfiea qua frius edita cB fficfirifta
fit,vtcamvelinuidinoftriimitetur,ejmagis
admirentur, qudm ttquijummis laudibus ex^
foUunt. Verum egoomnibus hifie dijficultatib.
neglec7is,infinecJute adcojum facius acer,vt
fereaqua tibidico, meisetiam difcifulis dentonfirare,flanumq\facerefiuduerimxconue»
tibus ingererefefe,tjadomnes eos qui ibi concurrunt,verbafaccre,fcrindeejje,acfinemini loquerentur (namhuiujmodiorationesnon
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AD
PHILTPPVM.
184
Sophiffisferiptas) oportere autem eos qui non
Jruflranugarhjedaliquodoperapreciumfacerevellent,quiq^fibialiquidvtileReipubpeperijfe viderentur, omiffis celebritatibus,eorum
quafacienda cenferent, ducem atque autorem
aliquem exits eligere, qui & dicendo & rebus
gerendis valerent: magnaquepraditiautoritate, attente eos auditurieffent. guibttsego
perffectis, tecumdifferere confiitui: necea detegi, quaaudituiucundaeffent, Etfienimmeiitcunda tibipoffe dicere, inprimis vellem: tavnen idmibipropofitunonfuit.Nam alios quidempraffantes viros, rebuffublicis &legibua
Jubieclos, videbano auderefacerequicquam,
nifi quod iuberentur: neq; etiam vllaxxparte.
paresejfemagnitudinirerum, dequwus dicedum eft: tibiautemfolimagnampoteftatem a
firtuna dataejfe,& legatos mittendi qub velles,&excipiendiaquib.videretur,&dicendi,
quodvtile iudicares. Praterea tantas copias
&diuitiasjuppetere,quantasin Gracianemini: qua resfolaperfuadendi & cogendi vifint
pradita: bisq^ adea qua dicenda/unt, opusforeputo. Suajkrus enim tibijum, vt&couw
fgrdiam inter Gracqs cqnfiituas, & bcllum
contra
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tontra Barbaros fufcipias. Ett autemfuadere
beffum,tibipriuatim honorificum: beffumvc»
rbgerendum cumBarbaris,publice vtile.Summa igitur totiusorationUhacett. Sedquibus
mihireb. quidamfamiliarium moUfiifuerint,
indicaretibinon dubitabo. idenimforeputo
operaprecium. Namcum meorationemddte
mijfurum effe,iffis narrajfem,qua noadofientationem comparata ejfit,aut betticas tuas laudes celebraret (idenim alioseJfifacluros)fid
qua te adres conuenientiores, &pulchriores,
& vtiliores iis adquas nunc animuadieciffis,
exhortariconarer: vfq.adeb veritijknt, nefinio delirarem,vt,quodpriusfacere noconfueuerant,obiurgaremeauderent:cunddicerent,
meahfurda &prorfusinepta moliri, qui Phi-,
lippofuafionemmijfurusejfim. gui,vthaikenus ab vffoprudentiafuperarife cenjkiffet,
tiunc obfucceffuum magnitudinemfierinon
pojje,quinfiprudcntiusaliisdeliberarepoffi_j
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htc obfiuros, nec hebetes: quorum iBeconfiliit
vfiss, non minuiffet imperium,fedeagefiiffet,
quih. ne optari quidem meliorapoffent. guia\
enimpratermijtt? NinneTheffaloruanimos,
qmprideregnuAfacedonkumaffec7arunt,ita
fihiconciliauit,vteorunemononplusei,quam
fitis ciuibfidat?Nonne vrbium in vicinia iUa,
heneficiis alias adficietatefibi deuinxit:alias,
quafepertinacius oppofuerantfunditUs euer-,
tit? Non Magnetes & Perrhebaos & Paones
jfuhegit,& omnesin ditionem rcdegit?Nomaxhmapartis liiyrioru,itsqui Adriamaccolunt,
cxceptis,vic~ior ac dominus euafitfNovniucr'
JaThracia, quosvoluitfiominosfecit? Talem
igitur virum, tantis rebusgeftts,nonapaxima
Jlultitia occacatueffe, iudicaturum illum ccnJes,qui UbeUu ifium mifirit:tp is & eloquentia
*vim,& ipfius ingeniumj>r/usignoret?Hts ego
atuditu, nondtcam, neqfVtprimitmpercutfus
fiterim: netj^cum recepiffem animum, quidad
Jingula dicJa reffonderim,ne quibus ipfi mihi
placere videar, de vrbana eorum cbfutatione,
cjuum autem (vtmihiquidemperfuadcbam)
aos qui me reprehendere aufifuerant, moleJiia non medtocri affeciffemkandempoUkitut
fum.
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AD
PHILIPPVM.
196
fum,mefilit eit ex omnibus ciuibus orationeni
bfien/urum: nec quicquam aliuddeeaflatuere
veUeinifiquodipfisvideretur.HuilliattditUi
abierunt:quoanimb,nefiib. Sedhomultisdiebuspbii,abfiluia oratione,&eis bftefa,itamuiatifuht,vtcoscorum qua audaciusdixeranti
puderet, & omnium qud locuiifuerani,pceniieret: vtq^faterentur ,fe nulla vnquam tante
inreitafuijjedeceptos: mihigfiutorcsejfenti
quam primummittendatibi huiitsbrationts;
Aiebani enim,jpeirdrefe,noh tefilum & Rempub. noftrdhabiiuros mihigrdtidthdc his qua
dicJa eJfenifed&Gracos vniuerjbs. Hac eb tir
bi commemoraui, vtfiquidinitib tibiaut noh
iredibile,aut nonpojfefieri,aut tibiftfiu indeiorueJJevidebitur,ndihdignabundusabiicias
reliqud: neq^idem qubdmeifamiUaresfaciasi
Jedtrdqnillb animo iudicium dijferas, dum ad
finem vfqjiembmneaudieris. Arbitror enini
*liquidmcdtcturu,quod&opportunumfit,&
iibi expediat.NeqjVerb melatet,quantum ad
perfuadendum interfit inter oratiohes quaab
ipfi oraiorepronuncianiur,&easqua recitaniur:neqjignoro^mhesexifiimare,illasdereb:
grauibus &necejfariishaberi: has auiemofieiationu aui lucellidlicuius graiid fcripiascfi
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ferjuadendnddiuuet,fedcumhisomnibicarc-at;tttverb inepte nuUofc cum dffecJu ab aliqua
•recitetur,qttivefba quodamodo numeret-.eam
xonteni ab auditorihus,quis miretur?£jhu res
&hanc orationem,quatibinunc offertur^maxime Uderepoterunt, atfa ejficere vt deterior
eJ/evideatut\Ne%enimcompofitionuautreliquorum ornamentorum rationem habuimust
qsta&ipfi,dumeffemiunior,vfurpaui,&aliu
demonftraui; vtinpromptu haberenb, quibut
rebus orationes &fiauiores & probabiuores
tedderentqrt gua omnia huic aiati mea dcjunt, tui idvnujatufucritffires ipjasfimpli*
citerexponerepotuero.Arbitrora»teteqttoqt
deccre, neglecfu cateris bmnihus, adhasjolas
animum intendere. Nam ita demum euidentijfime &pulcherrime cognojces,quodfitpondtts noftra oratipnUifiRhetoricasdifficultd*
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calamitatibus quafiexaquatas effe: ahterfentio. ff/uare hasciuitates commodaeoncordia
hngefralaturasfaferiorum aclionum luceU
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ccreni,ac Bceotiam vaftare,&vrbes difiipare
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Thebani &Pe{eponenfis omneiSpaftam e medio tollere conniteretut: nosfoli omnium Gracorum, LacedamdnioSfinita cum eisfocietate,
eqnfifUduimus. Vacordem igitur omnhjo eum
ejfi necejfees~i,qui,cum tanias mutationesfier
rivideat,&ciuitatesnefinimicitiarum,neq^
iurifiurandi•,netfc vllius rei alterius rationem
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PHILIPPVM.
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ferfitadeo.Puto autem teficfaciU) animaduerJurum, vtrumifia vrbesmutub velfaci vel
bellofaratafint ,finequefimfliciter prorfus,
neque accurate nimis,fidmaxima quaques
de hoc carumftatupercenjuerimus. K-4cfrimitm res Lacedamoniorum eonfideremus:
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Gracos dominarentur, tantam mutationem
fost cladem Lcuttricam cxpertijunt, vt&
frincifatuGradafriuarentur: &eos viros
amitterent, quije petiusmori praoptarunth
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pratoriadc-jvxeribus & liberis dimicartSi
&• talcj dtfcrimenfubire-J coactijunt: qua
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tyrannidepotitum: me, quinequedux, neque
oratorfim, autalioquipotens, Uheriusquam
ulujoleht, egtffe tecum. Nam adgerendam
qutdem Rempub. omniumciuiumfum ineftijl
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fi defcendendufit,non inpofiremisfedinpri»
ciptbuspQtiusme mmerarim.fi/uarefic confilfumdareconor,vt natura &viresmeaferut%
tumpatria, tumaliis Gradsy&ittufirifiimit
quibufifeviris. Acdemeipfb,&iisqua ttbifacienda cenfeam erga Gracosfereaudiuifii, De
expeditione autem Afiatica%vrbibus quas d te
dtxi in concordiam reducendas,tum videor de
betto Barbaruinferendoconfitlturus, cum eae
confentire viderimus. Nune adte meafe conuertetoratio. Neq^verb ita nucanimofum affectus ,vtillaatat.e,qua idem hoc argumetum
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AD
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*vtCtearcho &aliis ducibus adcottoquium euo*
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reliquos milites integroftipendioperfilutoft
dimtjjurumfitpotticitus, quos cum tattb.promifitsfidedata,quaapudittummaximahabetur ,pettexifftt: comprehenfesinterfeciuaein
deos impius efft,qudm cum militibus ita deftitutis,armis decertaremaluit.fittta verbadhor
tatio pulchrior efft hac, &plusadperfuadendum valerequeat? Nam omnino tttiji abfque
Cyrofuiftet,Perfico regnopotiripotuifftnt. Tihi autem & calamitktem qua tum accidit, cauerenon difficileeft-.&exercitum eo longefirmiore,dquoregiscopiavic7afum,facilecomparabis. £>ua vtraquefipraftbfuerint,annon
de cxpeditiohe hac optime fperandum erit?
Neqyverb quifquaexiftimulare, dtfiimale velle,me horum quadam eodem modo expofuiffe,
quoprius. Ne/fc enim adoftentationem,quoin,
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daremus.fluaredefiperem,ftcompofitionidittionis diutius immorarer, qudm rebusipfis.
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abftincrem? Propriis igiturforfitavtarficubi
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Sedhis omifiisjam deincepsmihideapparatu
dijferenMvidetur,tumhocq$totuinftruc7us
es,tumeo quem illt habuerunt.Tuigituzpjuod
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demea quafuprddt£iafunt,feruarevolueris:
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fe durioremferuiiuiemferuiturosfin rexfiperior euafijfet,vrgetia mala depulfurosddquod
accidit. Pratereatibiin expeditoerit,con/criberemilites, quotvolueris. T/amhicGracia
ftatmefifVtfacitiusfit exercitum matorem&
robttftioremex erronib.conferibere,qudm e ciuihus. lUuverb temporibus peregrinusrmles
nuiluserat: vnde quume ciuitatibustoUigere
copias necejfeejfei, largitiones \n Graros irtJumpta, pluris iUufere conftabant, qudmftU
pendiamtiitum. Enimuerbftconfiderare voluerhnus,&comparaiionefacereinttrte,qui
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A*D P H U I P P V M . '
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rerumprafuit.-iBumreperiemuspriusnunqua
vUas copias,fiue nauales,fiuepedefires,inpotefiate habuiffe,fidex Afiana calamitatcnohilitatum: te autem tot tantasq^ resgefiiffe, de
quibusfiapudalios verbafacerem, noincommodedicipotuiJJet:cumautemtecumaga,iure
vtdemens, rjrinrefuperuacanea oceupatus,
deriderer,fiomnia tuafacta commemorarem.
Operapreciumporrbfuerit, regumetiam meminiffe,tum huius contra quem tibi beBumfufiipiendumfuademus ,tumillius quem Clearchus inuafit ,vt& vires & animum vtriufq^
cognofias. Eiusigiturpater & nofiravrbem,
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a» illas dejpexiffe & contempfiffe Barbaricum
dominatum. ^uis autemeH,qmvbiaudierit,
quomodo inimperiomts agatur, nmwflantmetur adbe/lum ei inferendum? Nam fjiegyptus
»37\
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ptusetiam iUo tempore defecerat rjedmetuebanttamen, nequando Rex ipfefiifcepta expeditionej, Tdffi tranfitu ejr reliquo apparatu omnipotiretur. 7(une autem hic illis
metum ittum ademit. Comparato enimexercitu , quanto maximo pptuit, bettoquej
eontra itlos moto , nonfilum viftus indcJ
recefiit ,fid etiam derijus: eb qubd neqatu
regia, neque imperatoria virtute praditus
vjje videretur. Iam Cyprus &Ph<enicia &
Cilicia, finitimaque loca, vnde (lajfem infiruere Jblebant, tunc erant cum rege, nune
alia defecerunt: alia betto &iis malisconflicJantur, vtnutta harumgenfium eifint-vtiles: tibiverbffi bettunt aduerjus eum gerere
volucris, opportunafufurajunt. fdrieum
porrb opuUntifiimum^fiafatrapen, aut infefliorem ejfe regi, quam eos quipalam beL
iumgerunt: aut pmnium hominumabieclif
fimum ejfe necejfi eft, fi hocimperium corruere nolet, quodjratrem eius excruciauit,
quod bettum contra ipjum gefiit,quodperpetub infidiasfirUxit: vt & corpore & opibus
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AD
PHILIVPVM.
246
gnamfecunia vim mittere cogiturfedtefiin
Afiam traieceris,non ille modb libens videritt
*diutoremfibiaduenireexifiimds:fed&aliorumjatraparu multos dddefecJioneimpeffeSi
ofienjkfie libertatu-,iftotjj nomine in Afia diuulgato i quodcumin Graciapercrebuijfet, &
nobis&Lactdamoniiseripuitimperiu. Plard
dicerem, qua ratione beffd adminiftrado,regu
potentiamfacilime vinceresmifivererer quof
rundam reprekcnfionem ,fiego•,qui nunqam
heffu viderim,tibipoTiflurima &praclarifiitna beffifacinora edita .frafiribereftuderem.
Jgudre de his quidemptunbtis verbis opui ejje
nonputo.guodaute adreliqua attinet: exemplofatis ejfe tibiarbitror, &patrem iuitm, &
eum qui regnu vobispeperit, & veftrigeneru
autorem.qui,ft huic voluntasjffisfacultas dicendt datd ejfet: cadZhauddubiequa ego, tibi
tonfuierent. Cuius reiconietturaex rebtisifforumgeftiscafio.Nam&pdiertuusciuitatibuS
his omnibus, qudrum amicitiam expetendani
tihicenfio,amicusfuit:&isquiregnumcoftituit,& altiores quamjui ciuisfiiritus habuit,
regnandicufiditateincitatus,noneademqua\
*'u, in honorutalium dfpgtitione, conjiliaft*
fil^u
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A D PHILI??VM.
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eutus c&. 2\qm itti quidem excitatisjuis vrbibusJeditionibmt&cadibm,(jrtumultib9,eum
honorem arrifuerunt. IsverbGracorumditionemvniuerfimreliquit,ejrregnumMacedonicuoccufarefiuduit.Norat enimtnec Graeosferre monarchiamconjueuijje: ejrcateros
Jine hacimferifformanon fojfi vitamjuam
gubernare. guod cumfafienter animaduertijfet, etiamregnum ab aliis longediuerjitm
extitit. Namfiolus Gracorumferegrinagentis
imferium adcftus, Jolus etiam fericula qua
monarchiis imminent, ejfugit. 2\qm qui inter Gracos tale aliquid confecerunt, eos non
iffis tantum feriijfefed&genuseorumfunditus extirfatum ejfeinueniemus. itteautem,
tjrifjefeliciterauumegit: ejrimferiumquod
tenuerat,futs fcr manustradidit. VeHcrcule verb, alij quidemfortitudinem eius diuinis laudibus celebtare, & certamina enumerarenondefifiunt: aliorumverb qua animo infunt bonorum,nemo velfoetarum vel
Jcriftorum mentionemfecijfe referietur. Ego
verb locumfeculiarevideo, & inelaboratum,
nonfaruum,nefyfterilem,fedmultislaudibus
ejrhonefiis acfiombus refertum: eius generu)
J^j
tamen,
.§43
HPOZ *IAIHnON.
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. ADPHILIPPVM;
344
tamen,qui virum defideretnoparua eloquentiapraditumln quemfiiunwr incidijfem,veftrafamilia autorem &prudentia, & titerk,
& iuftitia, plus anteceltuiffejuperiorum temporum hominibus omnibus, quam robore eorporkfaeile demonftrajfem. Nuncvbi adi/km
accefti7&quam multadicendo explieandainfint,vidi:cumingenJfacultAtem,quahoctem
poremibieB, impartm ejfeargnmentigruurtatiintelligo, tum orattoneduplofore longiorem animaduerto. Cateris igitur omnibus, hk
de cauftsprateritk,vnam indt ailionem delv
gi,quaquidecognata& conuenienshk eft qua
dtcBaJunt:&neqrhreuiorneqrprolixior,quam
eaquadicenda reftant,poftuient. Nam kcum
vvdiJJetGraciamferuere bellk &fidttiinibus,
fipitis i//k malk,&paceintervrbesfac7a, demonftrauitpofterk,quibusficikafiitk,contra
quos-beUagereda eJfint.Necenim osio & Unguorifi dcdidit:fedexpeditione aduerfsts Tro*.
iamJufiepta,quaJum inAfiapoteti/Tima eratz
tanto duxpraftantiorfuit ik quipoB eandem
oppugnarunt, vtquam ilhtotius Gracia viribus contrac7k,vix anno decimoexpugnarunt,
hicpaueioribus diebus quam illi annk, quum
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PHILIPPVM.
44(5
faucos omnino milites haberet,facilefervim
ceferiu&cleinde regesgentium in vtraq^Afia
cra accolentes, vniuerjbs occiderit: quos nunquaferemfturutfuit, nifi&cofiasilloruviciJfet.His reb.gefiis, colunas illasquas Herculeas VOcant, confiituitrvt & trofhaumBarbaroru ejfentt&monumeniuvirtuiisfuaacfraliorum, &ditionis Gracorulimttes.Hac eade
caufatibicomcmOrauiyVtnonaliasrcsJuaderc
tibi oratioHemeam intelUgeres, qquas maiotes tuifaciis iffis declararutfe cateris omntb.
fummacumlaudeantefojuijfe. Itaq^cumteli*
quos oes decet, in optimucxemplar intuentes,
conari idexfrimere: tu verb te velinfrimis.
Namcumexemflistibinonalienisvtendufit%
fiddomefiicum infromftu habeas: annoiltud
teexcitabityVtJummacontetionefareJfeHereuli, tuigeneris eonditori,fiudeas ? Neq^ verb>
teomniaHerculisfaClaimitarifoJfedico(nam
idvelDeorumquidam requirentjfidfi tantum mores citu faciUimos, & humanitatem
& beneuoUntiamin Gtatosficatutfueris, ad
confiliorum illiusfimilitudinemaccefferis.
gubdfimmifarueris,eamgkriam,quam iffi
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AD PHHIPPVM.
«48
tuarumftatupararepulcherrimam, quam iit
reb.qua initib tibi contigerunt,eam qua nune
Jruerk,confequi.llludconfdera,meno,vtcum
Jlarbark contra eos ducas exercitum,quos oppugnari nefas ett, hortari :fedvt eum Gracu).
aduerfies eos bettumfufcipias, quos ab Herculut
pofterisoppugnaridecet.Neq.verbmirerisjCur
iepertotam orationem addemeredos Gracos,
&admanfuetudinem &humanitatem adhorter. l\~qmdifficilesmoresmeUftos eftevideo,
tum iispenes quosJunt,tum his quieorumconfuetudine vtuntur: manfuetudinem verb non
in animatibusfolum, & hominibus,&caterk
rebus omnibusfedin diis quoqt. celebrari.Nam
qui nobis benefaciunt,ceelitesdicuntur:q verb)
ealamitatib.&peenuprafunt,atrocio»aetiam
pominahabent.Acittiquidem &priuatim &
•publice templis arisfy honorantur.hos aut neqy
precibusjneq^facrificiis colifednobis effe deteJtabiles conftat.Haeigitur conftderas,'affuefaeerete, acmeahtqridebes, vtmortalesomnea
tnagis etiam quam nunc, talem de te cocipiant
tpinionem.fi>uiaute eximiamgloriam expetunt, eosanimo complecti decet resnoquidem
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A D PHlLIPfVKt.
»50
tyita in illisfiudiose elaborare,vt rerum tuierint oecafiones. Multis autem rebtts cognofces
ita ejfefaciendumfidinprimis ex Iajbnis euetis.guicum nihiltaU,quale tu,pftitijfet: maximamgloriam non ex iis quagtfiit,fed ex its
qua dixit,es~t adept9. Ita enim verbafaciebat,
vt quiin Afiam tranfiturus, ejf regi Perfarum
beUum faclurus efiet. Si igitur Iafon verba
tantum itaresfuas auxit: quamdeteopinionemfore cenfes ,fire ipfa ifiaperfeceris, conatusfyfuerismaximequidevniuerfum regnum
capercfin minus,plurimas indeprouincias auelUrcnouosfo limites Afia confiituerefquam
quidam aiuntd Cilicia adSinopen vfquepertinere.Praterea condenda vrbes erunt in loco
illo: atquein eas collocandi qui nunc ov rerum
necejfariarum penuriam oberrant, tjr obuia
quaafinJeftant:quibusnifiobfiiterimus,nein
pofierumcongregentur,viftttillisaJfatimJuppeditato-.paulatim tata eorumfutura efi mul*
titudo,vt nihilo minus Gracis quam Barbaru
fint metuendi. At nosnihiltllos curamus: neque animaduertimus, nos communem metum
rjrpericulumnobis omnibus alere. EBigitur
viri magnanimi,(jrGracorumfiudiofi,fjr lohgepra cateris inpofierumprojjicienticvt abujus
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AD PHHIFPVM.
»5»
vdustalibusbominib. aduerfus Barbaros,tantum terra illts adimat, quantum paulo antb
diximus: ejr mereenarios milttes malis liberet, tumitsquaipftferunt, tum quaaliis inferunt: & ctuitates ex eis confiituat, qua
Graciam muniant, & quafi vallum pro nobis omnibus obiiciantur. 2\am eopaiio neto
illosfolitm feltves , fednos etiam omnesfecuros reddes. Vt autem hac tibi non contingant: at illudfactle tonfequerit, yt vrbes K^dfiaticas in Ubertatem vindtces. guodcutique autem borum perfeceris, auttantum
«enatusfueris, aliuvtiquegloria&iaudibm
antecelles: idq^optimo ture, vt qui&ipji talia aggrediaris, ejr Gracosadeadem cohorterts. 2\qm qua haclenus quidem fatvafunt,
quisnon iure miretur, nosdfdejpiciat? Cum
apud Barbaros, quos molles putabamus, ejr*
veliicarei imperitos, luxuque perditos, viri natifint, quife Gracia digHosimperio cettfuerunt: Gracorum neminem ea CJJLJ anivnimagnitudtnc^, vtvelconetur nos\^dfia
dominosfacercj ifedvfque adeb ab eis vinci
nos, vt eitm tllt non dubitarint nos vltrb laeeffere inimicitiis, nedtvindicandaqutdem
iniu-
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iniuria cogitemus ? Cum in omhibus iUibeHis
qftendantfi neque miiites habere^neq^ duces,
neq^quicquam aliudbellisgerendis aptum, &
ea omnia d nobis accerfant: in eamvenimus
cupiditatem, malefatlis inter nos certandi,vt
quamuis illorum opibusficurefiuiliceret , ipfi
de minutu quibufdam rebus bettigeremus: &
iisquidregis imperio defeterunt,Jubiugum
teducendis nauemus operam: neqffintiamus,
nos patriis hofiibus nonnunquam prafib ejfe
udgentiles ejrpoputares nofiros euertendos,
Jpuare tibi conducereputo, intantaaliorum
ignaaiUyVtiedutebettiBarbariciprqfitearis,
\7%am alios quidem ab Hercule ortos,qui Reip,
legumq\ vintutis quafi afiritli tenetur, ea vr*
be,in qua habitant,contentoseJJedecet.Te au»
tem tanquam emancipatum, totamGraciam
patria tharitate comptecJi, vt tsfecit qui vot
genuit: & non minora illius taufa pericula adire, qudm propierea qua antiquifiimatibi
Junt. Eruntfortajfi, quimereprehendereauJint: iiquepotifiimum» qui hoc vnum didice*
runt, qubd, cum ie&adoppugnandos Rarba*
ros,&ad iuendos Gracos» voluerimadhor*
tdri,demeavrbenihildixerim, Egoverbfi
R
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eumvttis aliisprius infiituiffem huderevus
agere > quam cumpatria , qua ter Gracia
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•autem inflituto non recejst. guare iure laudarer ah ornnibut, qubdiis copiis, qunshabeo,
nunquam defliti bettum cum Barbaris gerere:
tjrparthn eos aecufam\qm non ita,vt egojemtirent:partim eosqmsvidebam &Grnlcispof>
fe henefacere,& Barbarisfuas opes tripereje*
dulbfum hortaittSi. gud de catrfli nunc etiam
apudte verhafdcio > non ignarits ,fore multos
quimea orationiinuidcanttiis autem quadte
agentur,congratuiaturos ejfe omnes. 2(am in
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fa:& Barbarifint opuletiores Gracis:& ijqui
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abiecit, amplftimumimperiumhabeant, ac
reges magniappettetur: Herculis autempofieri , quempater ob virtutem interdeos retulit,
humiliorib.nominibfilutentur. Atqui horum
nihilita reltnquedum esrftdhac omniacommouenda & inuertendafunt. Omnino autem
ftatueredebes,menihUhuiujmoditibifitajuru
fuiffe.fi imperium duntaxat, & diuitiasinde
vidiffemparddas. Arbitror enimteiam antea
omnibus copiisharum rerum circumfiuere^j:
eumfyprorfusinexplebilem effe, quifitbirepe*
riculum non recujet, qub aut iispotiatur, aut
vitapriuetur.Egoverbnditahacdico,vtpofi
ftfiioncscorufte&emfidqubdexhisteputem
maximumcUriJfimumdfiriumphumconftcuturu.Cogitesvelim,mortaUcorpusomnesnos
haberefidgloriajaudibusfamaperfetnitate
fteri comfotes immortalitatis: cuius cupidita*
te omnesyires exerenda, nutti labores, nutta
pericula. recufindafitnt* Nampriuatorum hominumaliquos cernas,&eosquidem optimos:
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fos quifempertenetur augenda ghriafiudio,
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mo Gracorum cepit, nanneft te cum ftngulk
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vtuntur: tumquiapermenoh, hkquinune
viuunt, eos quiftmidei vjurpantur, minores
exiftimati, Cogita ctiarn ,vt& veteraproferamus, Tantaliopfs, & Belopk imperium,
& Euryfthei pountiam , a nemine laudari,
vel oratore, velpoetaifedpoJt Herculk excei-,
lentiam,Thefesquevirtutem, tumeosquiad
Troiam miUtarunt, tum quiftmiles ittk extiterunt,ab omnihus celebrari. Ac maxime quidem inftgnes ittorum &praftantiftimos quoft
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rajfc: tamenprope diuinam & latifiimepatentemfui nominisgloriam reliquerunt. Omnesenimamant,-noheosquifthimaxima. ;tperiapepererunt, fed qui plurima in Graeos
beneficia contulerunt: neque erga hostantum
eo animojuntjedaquiin omnes. Nam & nojlram Rempublicam nemo eo nomihe laudauerity vel qubd maris imperiumtenuit: vel
quodtantampeeuniam, exactam afoeiis% in
arcem retulit. <Mc ne oh ittudquidem» quod
in eius potefiate-fuit, emultis vrhihus alias
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admirantur , quam alias eorum vicforias:
ac trophaum centra tttos aBarbaris eretlum
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njirtuti, hac auaritia tribuuntur. Hac igitut
eiappendeda,&JeorfimtibiexcutiendaJunt:
&,fiqdmollim,aut minus accurate ditfufuertt,dtatismea ratiottebabebis,cui meritb veniadabunt omnes.Sin iis fimilia,quafiperiorihtemporihdmeeditafint,videbuntur:exifiimanduerit,ea nonfcnebtuti mea accepta re*
fcrendafiddei alicuim beneuolentia.q non de
mefitfolicitmfid Graciafalute curafua compleBatur:quitfftudeatcumvrgcntib.cdmalis
UberarctUtibiteJeruareglorid, eatjnunc hahes longemaiore. Arbitrorauttenoignorare,
quopacfo dijres humanas adminifirent.Noenim ipficotdveljpfieris veladuerfis in rebm,
hominibficofiiciendospbenUautcotrefiados
manibm:Jededmentedantfingulis,vtvelela\
dihvltrb citrodjfeajficianuvelcdmunes vtU
litates in medtn afferant,mutatione officidrui
AdhucmodufieripoteBpVtnobtsorationetri
buerint,te verbgerendts reb.pfecerint-.exifiU
manfes,&tepulcherrime ifta obituru,& orationemeam audientihminimtgraue &molefidfutura, AcnefiperiorSquide temporu res
geftastatasfuiffefuturasexifiimo, nifideom
aUqudjppitium&adiutorehabuiJfes:nonj>fef
Hb/vtMarbarosEuropaos bellisperpetuis tnfefiaress
269
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fimelvifti, "vnafe imprefiionefacta, adebeffct
minate reeipiemus, nosimperatafa&uroSeffe
omnia?£htppaelo taies dtuturnacalamitatem
toleraret? Cum Mejfenijvigintiannosinhae
regiope bbfifiifuerint; qui nos ndreprebenderenffitdceleriterperpaSiiones ea vrhe cederemue, nemaiorum quidememores: & quailli
multis laborib. &pericutisparauerut,eamnos
adducJiverbisamiitcrcmut? fifuibus omnib.
ndnuliinegleclu, nulUtfl muitipUcis dedecoris
habita ratione, confulunt eaqua Reip.nbfira
cdtumeUofafuturafitnt. Aetam cupidenos ad
Meffenam tr.adendam hortantur,vt &noflta
vrvuimbeci//itate,&hofiiumpotentiameom
memorare non dubttarint; & aduerfarios re~
.(ponderefibiiubeant,quih.attxiUisjreti,vobis
bettififctpiendhautoresfin??Egoverb in nul~
lisflociisplus ejfe prafidij & eonftantiaputo,
quaminiuftisaBionib. Confintaneum enim
eft,etiamDeomirnmortaUumbencuaUntiam
his non defuturam.fiquidem eprateritis conio&ttrafutnrorumcapicndaesf. Praterhanc,
quanti aftimanda eH Reip\ btna & moderata
adminiftratio,quaita ciues erudiit, vtiitaeie
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hancregionem occupajfefcio, nonmultitudinc*>fietos,fed iis quas recenfiti virtutibus.
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VndtLj mirari Jubiteos, quimaiora prafidia
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mihus hoc tempote_j nofiriscommodisqmm
Juis confulturas. Praier.ea neque Dionyfius tyrannus, neque Cdegyptiorum rex, neque alij
cfifaprincipes ,fuis opibus & auxiliis nohis
defuturijitnt. Gracorum denique iocupletifZ
fimi&celeberrimi, & optimarum rerumfiudiofifiimi quiqucj, etfi nobifcumfi nondum
coniunxerunt, at heneUolentia funt nobif •
cum: in quibus deeateromagnafies nobis dehet effcj. Exifiimo etiam turbam Peloponnenfem, &populum quem opinamur, tametfiidantefattumnohfit, nuncfaltem aduigilaturum. Ixfhtienime defettione talcjjunt.
confecuti, quale expettatant. 2\amdumlibertatempetunt ,firuitutefunt opprefit. cAmifiis enim fuorum optirnis , in potefiaiem
pefiimorum ciuium ceciderunt: dum fuis legibus vtifiudent, in multa &acerba, contraria legibus,inciderunt: quurn hattenus nohifcumaliis inferre bella conjueueriut, nunc
ab aliis oppugnantur : &feditiones , quas
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calamitofifiimi. 1\ulla enim vrbs non af*
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& ciuitates euerfa, &priuata ades defbla*
ta, & ihuerfaRejpublica, & legesabroga*
ta: auibtts dutn vtcbantur, fciicfiimi Gra*
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nitate abhorrent; vt & ij qui tem hahentt
pecuniam in marcJ demergercj mailent,
mudm ipdigentibus impertiri: & tenuiores
dlocupletioribus eripercj, quamfirtefir*
tunaimenircjmagis optent. Sacris abro*
gatis, in arisfi/LjmacJani"; &huhcplures
vniusvrbisexuiesjunt,qvdmaniehactotim
Peloponnefi. Et cum tot mala enumeratafiht,
plurapratermifimus,qudm recenfiiimus. 2(ihilenim duri aut aeerbi dicipoteH, quodnon
ibiconcurrerit: quorumquia iamaiioscepitt
alios breuifatietas capiet:- aliquod iis ma*
lis remedium inutmrefiudtbunt. 2(equcJ
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•vdjm: vtft nibilhorumfteret, neq^vUa nobii.
auxiiiaprafio efftnt,Gracorumq^atijnos lade
rent,alijnegligerent:neficquidem defentetia.
decedere,fed omniapericula beUtpotimexpe~,
fiare/juam ddtdm turpespacliones deftendere. Namvtriufsj reimepuderet,fiuemaior.es.
ddmharem*\qHafiperiniuriaJ\4ejftniisagro*
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Etenim honeftiuses, eapradicari apudexteros Gracos,noftra», virtutedignius, quamea
qua nohts quidamjuadent. Sic enim cenfeoparentes noftros cum vxdribus & liberis ,&re*
liquam betto inutilem turham, eciuitatemittendam ejfe, & ex his dlios in SiciUam,alios in
Italiam, alios Cyrenem, aliosin Afiam. guos
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qua irinos beneficia cottocarint. Cateru auterri
quipugnare & volent &poterunt, deftrenda
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ARCHIDAMVS.
320
vltrb nobujupplicantes videbitis, vtMeJJcetam recipiamus, &pacis conditionesaccipiatnus. ^uaenimPeloponneflciuitasfaleJuftinebti bettum,quale,Jivos volueritu,futurum
ejfe confentaneum eft?-quinon exhorrefcent&
expauefienttales copias cbnftitutas, qua qui.
dem & hocmodofe compararint, &harum rerumautoribusmniniuriairafeantur,&mori
tutumputent,& (quodad aliarumrerum vacationem attinetfeliusq^ bettica reioccupationemfeoducticiu militikflmiles (int: caterum
jjfortitudo&inflituta veterafee&entur, tales,qualesexvniuerJbhumanogencrecottigi
nequeantpretereadf nuttacertamfedem teneantfed&Jub dio agere,&pajTm oberrare,&
arma circumferrepofeint ffacileq^ vicinifleri
quib.voluerint, &omnia loca betto opportuna
patriam iudicent? Equideputo,fifermones hi
tantum in Graciafeargatur, hoftes noftrosin.
maximaperturbationefuturos:multoqi in ma
iore.Jiea qua decretafuerint, re ipjapraftare
cogemur. Naquq animofuturijuntffla nobut
cladibtss ajflcipoterunt, nocere nob/s viciflim
nonpoterunt ? Sifetas quidem vrbes obflderi:
noftraverbeamejferationemvidebunt,vtab
X 2
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J21
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A R C H I D A MVS.
3za
cmnioppugnationupericulofitimmunu?Ptaterea, nobis cttm ex noftris rebus, tu ex manuhiis vicfumforefacilem & expedjtufibi verh
difficilem & impeditum, tp alia res eff, takm
exercitum akre,atqj oppidanaturbamjuftentare. Iamquidacerbius illis accidere poterit,
quamfinoftros domefticos audierint, non rei
miUtarisperitia tatumfidetiam opibfiorere:
Juos autequotidie viderintfame laborare, ae
neopemquidemeisferrepoterunt? Namfiue
agroscolereinfiituerint-.etiamjementisiacluramfacient.Siueterrdiacereincultampatien
turfiatimvndeviuant,hohabebunt./ltenim
fortaffe coaclisin vnu copiis, & communi exfeditionejufiepta,nosperftquentur,&nocere
fibiprohibebunt? Et quidoptabilius mbiseffe
queatfivtcongrefii cbmminus,in aciedeftendant:& iifdem difficultatib.cireumuentiquibus ms,caftra locent,hominesiUiincompofitit
& ex colluuione quadam confiati,&multis vtentesbnperatoribus? NuUontediusfidiusIabore nobis tota res conftabitfidquamprimum
eos cogemus,non tttm iUisfidcitm nobis oppor
tunu eritydimicare. Dies me defeceritfi quanto nos meUoreconditionefuturifimus, exfliX3
cart
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ARCHIDAMVS.
324
eare aggrediar. iBui certe quidem confiat,'
nos reliquisGracis antecellere nonmagnitusUnevrbis, necmultitudinevirorum,fideo
uod noftra RefiuhUca exercituifimiliseH
ene confiituto, &farere^> ducihus volenti.
guodfi id refrafintahimus, cuiusfimulacrum quoddam ita nohis frofuit: quisdubir
iet, quin hofiihus fuferioresfuturifimus?
2{ec enim igmramus, eos etiam qui hane
vrbem in fotefiatem redegerunt, exiguo in
Pelofonnefum dutlo exercitu ,multa&magna obtinuiJJLs. Praclarum igiturfuerit,
nos maiores nofiros imitari: & adfrincifistm regrejfis, quoniam imfegimus, dare oferam vtfrifiinam dignitatem reeuferemus.
Omnium frofecto indignifiimum nohisfuerit,falutemn*firamnonfcrfisadercnobis,vrhem hanc vt reUnquamus:eumfiiamus,Athenienfisfro Hbertate Craciafatriam defiruifi
Jcj:&cumaliis exemfla frabcre deheamus
huiufmodifacinorum, neimitariquidem veileres iBovumgeftas. rJHuUomagisetiam ridiculum eH, cum Phocaenfis magni regu dominationemfugientes,reUc7a \^Afia,MafiiUamfccontuUvintmostamabiettueJfianimis,
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ARCHIDAMVS.
326
vt ittuparere vettmus,quibusperpetub imperauimus?Ne% verb animis nojrru itta dies obuerfari vfy adebdebet, qua chariJTtmi quique
ftatimd nobufegregandi eruntfedittuc reftitere debemus,foretempus,quo victis hoftibus,
atOf vrbe in ihtegrum reftituta, & domefticos
noftrosrecipiamus:&omnibusprobemus,nos
' & nunc nutto noftro meritofuiffe calamtiojbs,
&fiferioH temfore nontmmerito principatum nobu vendicajfe. Sicautemfereshabet,
Hac qua dixi, nonfic accifiendafint, quaftea
moxfterivettm, autrebus attter confutt nequeat:fedvtanimbs veftros quafi prapararem,vtfentiretu ,& has & longe acerbiores
calamitates vobispotiusfiftinedas ejfe, quam
adtalem de Meffena conditionem, quatemitti
prafcribunt,defeedendum. Nefcverb adbettu
tantoftudio voshortarermifiprojpicerem, ex
hu qua ego dico,pacefirmiorefore:ex ittis verb
qua alijfiadent,vt cu turpitudine coniuncJa,
itaminamediuturnam.EtenimfiaucJamatOf
ofulentam vrbem vicinam habuerimus, quis
non videt,nos inperpetuu tumultibus &periculisfuturos ejfe?fe>uiigitur defecuritate diffutant, ittt non animaduertunt,fepaucorum
Xs
dierum
3*7
APXIAAMOS.
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fuoi /a&gei^uat empjt <r> otxeuev; xd) rngxdpas
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Aetxtef[eufcevi, tu)f Ttig merfayptivotg npuv. «f3t
ARCHIDAMVJS.
328
merumpaeebettoperpetuoredempturos. Ego
vcrb ex eis audtre cupio,pro quib. rebue in aeie
putentmprtem nobtsoppeienda?nocum nobit
hofiesiniufia imperant?noncumagrum eripiuntJeruosOf nofiros manumittunt?Citm in eq
terra eottoeant ittos, quanobispatres reliquerunUcitm nos notantitm nofirtsopibjpoliant,
Jedetiam contumeliis affieiunt? Ego verb harum rerum cauja non bettu tantumjed & exi- lia & mortes nobis ejfeperpetiendas arbitror.
Lpnge enimprafiat in ea laude &gloria, qua
fioremtts,emori'".qcum omniviuere dedecore,
fiThebanoruimperatafeciJJemtts.^ubdfini*
hildifiimulandum es~i,planeuj dicendum quod
Jentioiprafiiterit nos deleri, quam ab hpfiibtss
derideri.fpuos enim tantis ornatosfuifje hono
rib9,animorumq\magnitudineconftat:eosattt
principes ejfe Gracia opprtet, autprorjits non
ejfcmodb incolumi dignitate. Hac igituranimis verfandajitnt, abiecla nimiavita cupiditatcneqjbciorufentetiis temere affentiendu,
quorunos duces antehatfuimus.f?uinipfipotitts re confiderata, non quodittis erit expeditifiimum,fedquod&Lacedamone,& egregiis
nofirisfacinorib. dignum ertt,eligamus.Nam
iijdem
329
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AltCHIDAMVS.
3JO
iifdem dereb.non eodemodo eft deliberandum
emnibus:fedj> eo,vt quifyfuarum aftionufun
dametaiecerut.Epidauritsquide,ejrPhUafiist
& Corinthiis nemo vitio verteritfinulla alia
refilicitetur, nifidevita quocuncr.modo con•firuada ejrj>paganda.Lacedamonios verb inJiituta maiorumfalutisfinedignitate ratione
habere nonfinunt. gubdfihonefic incolumes
effinequimus,morspotiusnobis oppetenda eft.
Naqui virtutisfiudioducuntur,iis nihilaque
jpuidendum esr,at% illudjte quidturpe admiftjfevideantur. Ciuitatuporrb ignauia e talib.
s
cofiliisndminus clucet,quaepericulis bellicistin quib.eorum quafiunt,maximafortunafibi
partevendicaf.qverb hic deliberantur,ftgna
Crnotajunt ipforum animorum.gtfarenihib
minore cura ejrfolicitudine, ea qua hie decer-.
nu'ntur,animaduertendafunt,quampralior»
contentiones.Equide miror ejfe, q cunradpriuatos agros tuendosmori nodubitent, de communib.non eodem modofintiantj quib.nihii
periculi recufandu erat: ne quodReJpub.dedecttsjufiiperet,autprafidium, in quo aparetib,
locata est,defireret. Cum atttemulta resftnt,
multaq,pericula,qua nosvrgeant,atqj effugiendafinfilludmaximecauendum efi,ne quid
moUi-
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ARCHIDAMVS.
3 JX
molliter & effarminatefacere, aut hoftibm de.
iurenofiro cedere videamur. TurpeproficJb
fuerit,eosimperatafacientescofiici,quiprincipatum Gracia tenuerunt:&a virtutemaiorum tantum degenerajfi,vt cum illi, qub aliu
imperarent,mortem oppeterenon recufirint,
nos adjeruitutemeffugiendam adirepericula,
non audere: Puderenos etiam dehet & Olympia,&attorumcelebriumconuentuum,inquibmvnujquifinofirumpraclarior &admirabittorett habitus, quampugiles in certaminibusvittores. ^uosenimnofirumexiftimatss
aufuros adeas ceiebritates accedere, adeb non
honorandos,vt contemnendifimm? Vtenim
ante inittuftri loce virtus nofirafiiafuit: ita
nuncignauia confiicua futura ett omhibus,fi
prafirtim feruos nefirbsmaiores offerreprimitias&vittimasex earegione viderimus,
quamparentes nobis reliquerunt, quam nesi
taliadj conuicia nobis ittifecerint,quattaiU in»
promptufire credibile ett: qui,cum durierem
quam alqjeruierintfiruitutem, nuncaqu»
iurecum dominispatJaficerint: quib. vnumqutmque nofirum ita vrgehunt, ttaprement,
vt dicedo idmortalium confiqui nemo queat.
Hifcedereb.nunc confultandu ett,& non tunt
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