Diapositive 1 - Coalition pour la diversité culturelle
Transcription
Diapositive 1 - Coalition pour la diversité culturelle
The UNESCO Convention and Canadian Civil Society : Ways to achieve cultural diversity « Cultural diversity is as necessary for humankind as biodiversity is for nature» 1 Context 33 million Canadians (2006) • 6.8 million French speaking, 85 % of which in the Quebec province • 1.2 million natives speaking 52 distinct languages • 6 million immigrants from 200 countries, speaking 150 languages Contribution of cultural industries to GDP • $46 billion in real-added GDP in 2007 (3.8 %) • Australia (3.1 %), France (2.8 %), US (3.3 %), UK (5.8 %) (OECD, 2003) • But, $84.6 billion including indirect and induced contributions (7.4 %) Employment • 616,000 in cultural industries (Statistics Canada, 2003) • 1.1 million jobs including indirect and induced contributions (Conference Board, 2007) • Almost 9% of the 12.5 million households depend on cultural economy 2 Context Consumer spending • $25.1 billion on culture goods and services in 2005 • 5% higher than combined $24 billion spending on furniture, appliances and tools • Three times larger than the $7.9 billion spent by all levels of government in 2007 • In 2005, spending on live performing arts was double spent on live sports events Other challenges • Nearly 90% of Canadians live within 200 km of the Canada US border • Roughly a third in rural communities • United States and Canada have the world's largest trading relationship; 85 % of Canada’s cultural goods imports; China is second • Access to US radio and TV stations early on 3 Canadian sound recording artists thrive Céline Dion Alanis Morissette Shania Twain Bryan Adams Rush BTO Simple Plan K.D. Lang Michael Bublé Avril Lavigne Nelly Furtado Diana Krall • • From their home base, artists of international reputation With them, recording studios, agents, producers, distributors, etc. 4 PREAMBLE An elaborate system of measures to support diversity Adapted to realities of English and French markets Taking into account first nations, cultural diversity and people with special needs • Direct subsidies • The critical role of broadcasters • Ownership and foreign investments • Copyright protection • Provincial and municipal support • International Promotion 5 Direct subsidies : Canada Music Fund RENCY Primary tool implementing Canadian Sound Recording Policy, From Creators to Audience: • to enhance Canadians access to a diverse range of Canadian music choices through existing and emerging media; • to increase the opportunities available for Canadian music artists and entrepreneurs to make a significant and lasting contribution to Canadian cultural expression; and, • to ensure that Canadian music artists and entrepreneurs have the skills, know-how and tools to succeed in a global and digital environment. Seven complementary components: 1. Creators' Assistance Component 2. Canadian Musical Diversity Component 3. New Musical Works Component 4. Collective Initiatives Component 5. Music Entrepreneur Component 6. Support to Sector Associations Component 7. Canadian Music Memories Component PREAMBLE 6 Direct subsidies : FACTOR and Musicaction ARTICLE 9 - INFORMATION SHARING AND TRANSPARENCY FACTOR and MUSICACTION are non-profit organizations providing assistance toward the growth and development of the Canadian independent recording industry. Foundation to Assist Canadian Talent on Recordings (FACTOR) established in 1982 provides over $17 million annually, $9 million of which from Canadian broadcasters and $8.5 million from the Department of Canadian Heritage. MUSICACTION is a counterpart organization which assists musical artists recording in the French language. It provides over $7 million annually, $5 million of which comes from the Department of Canadian Heritage, and $2 million from Canadian broadcasters. PREAMBLE 7 The critical9role of broadcasters ARTICLE - INFORMATION SHARING AND TR Expenditure requirements • • Commercial radio stations are required to make annual “Canadian content development” contributions of up to 0.5% of their revenue, at least 60% of which to FACTOR or MUSICACTION. Satellite radio services must contribute at least 5% of their gross revenue to third parties associated with Canadian content development, including FACTOR and MUSICACTION. Scheduling requirements • Licensed commercial radio stations serve every significant city in Canada. At least 35% of their musical selections each week must be Canadian. To be Canadian, the selection must meet at least 2 of 4 attributes – music, lyrics, artist or production by a Canadian. In the Quebec province where French is mother tongue of 80% of the 7 Million population, private musical radio stations must air 65 % French-language selections a week, 55% from 6 am to 6 pm. Public broadcaster CBC/Radio-Canada that 50 % of the popular music aired on its English and French language services be Canadian Private conventional (over-the-air) broadcasters are required to air a minimum of 60% Canadian programming overall (50% in evening hours), and to air 8 hours a week in prime time of so-called “priority” Canadian programming, including Music / Variety PREAMBLE • • • 8 Ownership ARTICLE 9rules - INFORMATION SHARING AND TRANSPARENCY National ownership rules • Under the Broadcasting Act, only Canadian-owned and controlled companies may be licensed to operated broadcasting services in Canada • A wide number of foreign broadcast services are permitted to be distributed in Canada if they do not compete directly in format with Canadian services. • Through the Investment Canada Act, the Government of Canada has also limited new foreign investment in certain culturally significant sectors, including in sound recording companies • However, foreign-owned companies that were active prior to 1988 in these sectors have been grandfathered. PREAMBLE Tangible benefits related to the transfer of ownership When radio stations are sold in Canada, 6% of the transaction price must be expended on Canadian content development, at least a third to FACTOR or MUSICACTION. 9 The Convention What it is What it is not • • A convention on ethnic and linguistic diversity • A new international obligation that subordinates preexisting ones • A barrier to the circulation of foreign cultural goods and services : A normative frame of reference that sets standards in response to shared challenges • A legally binding international instrument • First of its kind in international law, out of concern to humanize globalization • Innovative platform for international cultural • each individual to access diversity from within or outside his or her country • “protection” refers to preservation, safeguarding and enhancement cooperation • Policies to protect and promote the diversity of cultural expressions • Recognition of the dual nature – economic and cultural – of cultural goods and services • Counterweight to trade agreements 10 PREAMBLE Shared challenges • Social inclusion, through inter-cultural dialogue, in large urban areas for instance • Sustainable development, taking into account culture and creative industries • Shared cultural experience as a contributing factor to a sense of national identity • The right of each culture to express itself and develop freely 11 UNESCO Convention for the Diversity of Cultural Expressions : Canada’s leadership • An expert on the international drafting committee of the Convention, Professor Ivan Bernier • Ratification campaign: the Federation’s first executive director made 120 visits to at least 45 countries • Host of the first meeting of Culture Ministers (1998) and of the Intergovernmental Committee (2007) • Founding member and secretariat of the International Federation of Coalitions for Cultural Diversity • Founding member and secretariat of the International Network of Lawyers for the Diversity of Cultural Expressions (RIJDEC) • Founding member and secretariat of the International Network for Cultural Diversity (INCD) • Founding member and secretariat of the International Network on Cultural Policy (INCP) • Member of the Intergovernmental Committee until 2013, end of 2nd phase of implementation • Very active in Francophonie (52 of the 115 states that have ratified) • Main contributor to the International Fund for Cultural Diversity – $600,000 of $2.8 M USD budget in 2010 UNESCO portal, text of the Convention 12 French language market Alliance québécoise des techniciens de l’image et du son (AQTIS) Association des producteurs de films et de télévision du Québec (APFTQ) Association des réalisateurs de Radio‐Canada (AR SRC) Association des réalisateurs et réalisatrices du Québec (ARRQ) Association nationale des éditeurs de livres (ANEL) Association québécoise de l’industrie du disque, du spectacle et de la vidéo (ADISQ) Conseil québécois du théâtre (CQT) Regroupement des Artistes en Arts visuels du Québec (RAAV) Regroupement québécois de la danse (RQD) Support of civil society Réseau indépendant des diffuseurs d’événements artistiques unis (RIDEAU) Société des Auteurs de Radio, Télévision et Cinéma (SARTEC) Société des auteurs et compositeurs dramatiques (SACD) Société professionnelle des auteurs et des compositeurs du Québec (SPACQ) Union des artistes (UDA) Union des écrivaines et des écrivains québécois (UNEQ) Members Field 3000 members 130 businesses 330 members 634 members 100 publishers 250 businesses 17 associations 1409 members 450 individuals and organizations 150 theatres 1250 sceenwriters 44000, including 1000 Canadians 500 members 11000 artists 1400 writers Film and television Film and television Film and television Film and television Publishing Music Performing arts Visual arts Performing arts 21000 members 90000 members 135 publishers 5500 members 160 businesses 600 members 500 members 1350 members 2000 members Multidisciplinary Music Publishing Performing arts Music Publishing Performing arts Music Film and television 250 businesses 3700 members 21 organizations 4000 members 300 members 379 members 100,000 members Multidisciplinary Film and television Multidisciplinary Visual arts Music Magazines Music Performing arts Film and television Multidisciplinary Music Multidisciplinary Publishing English language market Alliance of Canadian Cinema, Television and Radio Artists (ACTRA) American Federation of Musicians of the United States and Canada (A.F.M.) Association of Canadian Publishers Canadian Actors’ Equity Association (CAEA) Canadian Independent Music Association (CIMA) League of Canadian Poets Playwrights Guild of Canada (PGC) Songwriters Association of Canada (SAC) Writers Guild of Canada (WGC) National Conférence canadienne des arts / Canadian Conference of the Arts Directors Guild of Canada / Guilde canadienne des réalisateurs (DGC) Fédération culturelle canadienne‐française Front des artistes canadiens / Canadian Artists’ Representation Guild of Canadian Film Composers / Guilde des compositeurs canadiens de musique de film (GCCF) Magazines Canada Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada (SOCAN) 13 The role of civil society • Convention = a formidable advocacy instrument • A tool box, that can be customized to meet national challenges • To engage a dialogue with governments at all levels, on action plans and deliverables • Monitoring implementation • Education and public awareness • To access International Fund to fully participate to Convention implementation • A civil society active in many ways: • • Observatory of cultural policies and practices (Ericarts, IFACCA, OCPA) • Legal and academic researches (RIJDEC) • Young professionals U40 (under 40) network • International Federation of Coalitions for Cultural Diversity • International Network for Cultural Diversity Cooperation and solidarity 14 The International Federation of Coalitions for Cultural Diversity brings together forty-three national coalitions on five continents. It maintains formal relations with UNESCO and serves on the NGO-UNESCO Liaison Committee. This presentation is available to members of the IFCCD and organizations or individuals interested in presenting the position of civil society on the implementation of the UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions . [email protected] Secretariat 154 Laurier West, Room 240, Montreal, Quebec H2T 2N7 T (514) 277-2666 • F (514) 277-9994 • www.ifccd.com 15