Phonetics and Phonology 2015-2016 semester 1 Revision

Phonetics and Phonology 2015-2016 semester 1 Revision

Phonetics and Phonology 2015-2016 semester 1 Revision questions (final)
Vowels
1. Articulatory characteristics of vowels?
2. Who is the 'father' of the Cardinal Vowels?
3. 3 axes of classification of vowels?
4. You pronounce the vowel /i/ in French, as in 'lit'. Then you round your lips. What vowel do
you obtain? Give a French word containing this vowel.
5. Transcribe the following French words and phrases into phonemes: chat; haut; bouger;
gare; cygne; rare; chiche; phare; ail; beaucoup; châteaux; partager; huître; parking;
désastre; croyez; quatre; beaucoup; salut; bien sûr; sans blague; sérieux; c'est pas vrai; tu
dors; allons-y; on se casse; avec lui; la fille de Jean; pourquoi pas; j'sais pas; dis-moi; non,
merci; ça suffit
6. Give three English words ending in /ʌ/. If it is not possible, explain why.
Consonants
7. Vowels and consonants?
8. The 3 main properties of consonants?
9. What are the consonants of English: voice, place, manner?
10. When you pronounce /f/ /s/ /v/ /z/, what happens at the following 3 levels: initiation,
phonation, and articulation?
11. How can we feel (and hear) the vibration of your vocal folds? (2 ways)
12. Affricates: the two components (phases)?
13. Which word(s) contain(s) an aspirated [pʰ]: caps, space, pig?
14. Difference between the word-initial consonant of French 'bac' and that of English 'back'?
15. Difference between the word-initial consonant of French 'passeport' and that of English
'passport'?
16. Difference between the word-final consonant of French 'mode' and that of English 'mode'?
17. Difference between the word-final consonant of French 'phase' and that of English 'phase'?
18. In which of the following words is the vowel pronounced longer, if all the other conditions
are equal: ‘face’ and ‘phase’?
19. In which of the following words is the vowel pronounced longer, if all the other conditions
are equal: ‘(letter) H’ and ‘age’?
20. Correct the following statement if necessary and explain why: the vowel in /biːts/ is always
longer than that in /bɪd/.
21. Transcribe the following words i) phonemically (broad transcription, in slashes / /), and then
ii) phonetically (narrow, detailed transcription, in square brackets [ ]). Consider aspiration,
devoicing, vowel length, and velarized l (“dark-l”) in the phonetic transcription: back, pack,
speed, feel, rise, built, build, crab, class, cute, twin.
22. What is [ʔ]? Example in English (esp. London accent)?
Introduction to phonology
23. Phoneme and allophone? Examples in RP?
24. Minimal pair? Examples in RP?
25. Free variation? Complementary distribution?
26. Does English have nasal vowel phonemes? What about nasalized allophones of vowel
phonemes?
27. Are [p] and [pʰ] allophones of the same phoneme (/p/) in all languages?
28. What (distinctive) feature do the following consonants share: /p b m f v/?
29. What (distinctive) feature do the following consonants share: /b d g v z ʒ dʒ/?
30. What (English) consonant(s) do the following combinations of features represent: a) [+
continuant, + voice, + labial], b) [- continuant, - voice, + velar]?