world textile industry

Transcription

INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE
STUDIES AND REPORTS
Series B (Social and Economic Conditions) No. 27
THE
WORLD TEXTILE INDUSTRY
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS
VOLUME II
GENEVA
1937
Published in the United Kingdom
For the INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE (LEAGUE OF NATIONS)
By P. S. KING & SON, Ltd.
Orchard House, 14 Great Smith Street, Westminster, London, S.W. 1
PRINTED BY ALBERT KUNDIG, GENEVA
CONTENTS
Part I: Statistics of Production, Consumption and Trade
Page
INTRODUCTORY NOTE
3
SECTION
A.
B.
C.
5
5
8
8
1: Definition of Textile Mills
United States, N.R.A. Codes, 1933
United Kingdom, Import Duties Act Inquiry (1933) . . . .
Germany, Census of Production, 1933
SECTION 2: Importance of Textiles in World Trade
Table 1. World Exports of Textile Commodities as Percentages
of World Exports of All Commodities, 1929, 1932, 1935 . . .
Table 2. Exports of Textile Commodities as Percentages of Value
of All Exports, Selected Countries, 1935
Table 3. Imports of Textile Commodities as Percentages of
Value of All Imports, Selected Countries, 1935
9
9
10
11
SECTION 3: World Production of Textile Raw Materials
Table 1. Ginned Cotton, 1929-1935
Table 2. Raw Wool, 1926-1935
Table 3. Silk Cocoons, 1928-1935
Table 4. Wood Pulp, 1926-1935
Table 5. Flax, 1929-1935
Table 6. Jute, 1929-1935
Table 7. Hemp, 1929-1935
12
12
14
17
18
21
23
24
SECTION 4: Mill Consumption or Available Supplies
Table 1. Mill Consumption of Raw Cotton, 1928-1936 . . . .
Table 2. Available Supplies of Raw Wool, 1928-1935 . . . .
Table 3. Production of Raw Silk, 1926-1935
Table 4. Production of Rayon Yarn, 1926-1935
Table 5. Production of Rayon Staple Fibre, 1929-1935 . . . .
26
26
27
29
31
31
SECTION 5: International Distribution of Output of Textile Manufactures
Table 1. Cotton Yarn, 1924-1935
Table 2. Cotton Piece Goods, 1926-1935
Table 3. Wool Tops, 1924-1935
Table 4. Woollen and Worsted Yarn, 1924-1935
Table 5. Woollen and Worsted Tissues, 1925-1935
Table 6. Thrown Silk and Spun Silk, 1924-1935
Table 7. Jute Yarn, 1928-1935
Table 8. Linen Yarn, 1924-1935
34
34
35
36
37
39
41
42
43
SECTION 6: International Distribution of Cotton Textile Machinery .
Table 1. Spinning Spindles, 1927-1936
Table 2. Looms, 1930 and 1933
44
44
46
SECTION 7 : World Trade in Textile
Table 1. Exports and Imports
48
48
50
53
55
57
59
Raw Materials, 1928-1935 . . .
of Raw Cotton
of Raw Wool
of Silk Cocoons and Wastes .
of Raw Jute
of Flax Fibre and Tow . . .
of Hemp and Tow
—-IV
SECTION 8: World Trade in Textile
Table 1. E x p o r t s a n d I m p o r t s
Table 3. E x p o r t s and I m p o r t s
—
Semi-Manufactures
of Cotton Y a r n , 1924-1935
of Wool Tops, 1928-1935 .
of Wool Y a r n , 1928-1935 .
of R a w Silk, 1928-1935
.
of R a y o n Y a r n , 1928-1935
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
SECTION 9 : World Trade in Finished Textile Manufactures
. . . .
Table 1. E x p o r t s a n d I m p o r t s of Cotton Piece Goods, 19241935, Volume a n d Value
Table 2. E x p o r t s a n d I m p o r t s of Wool Tissues, 1928-1935,
Volume
Table 3 . E x p o r t s a n d I m p o r t s of R a y o n Tissues, 1929-1935,
Volume
Table 4. E x p o r t s of All Cotton Manufactures, 1924-1935, Value
SECTION 10: Structural Changes in the Textile Industry
Table 1. P r o d u c t i o n of Textile Fibres as Percentage of Aggregate
Production of All P r i m a r y Commodities, 1925-1934
Table 2. Indices of W o r l d P r o d u c t i o n , Textile Fibres, 19251935
Table 3. Distribution by Continents of Aggregate P r o d u c t i o n
of Textile Fibres, 1925-1935
Table 4. Mill Consumption of R a w Cotton, P r e - W a r and Postwar
Table 5. I n t e r n a t i o n a l Distribution of Cotton-Spinning Spindles,
P r e - W a r and P o s t - W a r
Table 6. I n t e r n a t i o n a l Distribution of Cotton Power Looms,
P r e - W a r and P o s t - W a r
Table 7. Indices of Textile Manufacturing Activity, 1925-1935 .
SECTION 1 1 : Actual or Potential Consumption of Textile Raw Materials
Table 1. Indices of A c t u a l or P o t e n t i a l Consumption, Selected
P r i m a r y Commodities, 1925-1929
Table 2. Indices of U n i t e d States Mill Consumption, Five
Textile Fibres, 1925-1929
Table 3. Indices of A c t u a l or P o t e n t i a l Consumption, Selected
P r i m a r y Commodities, P r e - W a r and P o s t - W a r
SECTION 1 2 : Machine Productivity,
ing, 1922-1935
SECTION 1 3 :
Table 1.
tries,
Table 2.
tries,
United States Cotton
Page
62
62
64
65
67
69
72
72
77
79
83
84
84
85
86
87
88
89
91
100
100
102
102
Manufactur-
World Trade in Textile Machinery
E x p o r t s of Textile Machinery, Major E x p o r t i n g Coun1911-1930
I m p o r t s of Textile Machinery, Major I m p o r t i n g Coun1911-1929
SECTION 14: Ratios of Exports to Production (Export Quotas) in the
Textile Industry,
Selected Countries
Table 1. Cotton Y a r n and Piece Goods, 1929 and 1935 . . .
Table 2. Wool Tops, Y a r n a n d Tissues, 1930 a n d 1935 . . .
Table 3. Silk and R a y o n Goods, 1933-1935
N o t e . Other Textile P r o d u c t s , Recent Years
SECTION 1 5 : The Sheltering of Home and Empire Markets
. . . .
Table 1. Classification of Cotton Y a r n a n d Cloth Markets b y
Tariff a n d Monetary Policies in Force, 1935/36
Table 2. Preferential Margins Granted to Cotton a n d R a y o n
Goods of United Kingdom Origin by India and the Dominions,
J u l y 1932 and J u l y 1935
103
107
107
108
109
109
110
HI
112
113
113
115
Page
Table 3. Tariff Duties in Countries outside the British Empire
on Cotton Manufactures of United Kingdom Origin, 1914,
1929, 1936
A. Yarn
B. Piece Goods
Table 4. Home Market Consumption and Exports of Cotton
Cloth, Selected Countries, Recent Years
SECTION 16: Prices of Textile Raw Materials and Manufactures . . .
Table 1. World Market Prices, Textile Raw Materials, 1926-1935
Table 2. World Market Prices, Textile Semi-Manufactures, 19271936
Table 3. Wholesale Prices, Five Textile Fibres, United States,
1911-1934
Table 4. Price Indices, Representative Wool Manufactures, Selected Countries, 1928-1935
117
117
118
119
121
121
122
123
124
SECTION 17: Percentage Distribution of World Production of Textile
Fibres, 1925-29, 1933-34
125
SECTION 18. Currency Depreciation: Value of Currencies as Percentage of their Gold Parity in 1929
127
ADDENDUM:
130
Conversion Coefficients for Weights and Measures . . .
Parts II-V: Labour Statistics
INTRODUCTORY NOTE
133
PART I I : Persons Occupied
141-158
Germany, p. 141; Austria, p. 142; Belgium, p. 143; Brazil,
p. 143; Canada, pp. 143-144; China, p. 144; Spain, p. 144;
United States of America, pp. 145-146; France, p. 146; Great
Britain, p. 147; Northern Ireland, p. 148; Hungary, pp. 148-149;
India, p. 149; Italy, p. 150; Japan, pp. 150-151; Mexico, p. 152;
Netherlands, p. 152; Poland, p. 153; Portugal, p. 153; Sweden,
p. 154; Switzerland, pp. 154-155; Czechoslovakia, pp. 155-156;
U.S.S.R., p. 157; Addendum, p. 158.
PART I I I : Unemployment and Employment
A. Statistics of Unemployment, pp. 159-160.
B. Statistics of Employment, pp. 161-162.
159-162
PART IV: Average Wages and Actual Hours of Work
163-206
Germany, pp. 163-166; Australia, p. 167; Austria (Vienna
and Lower-Austria), pp. 168-170; (Vienna), pp. 171-172; Belgium
(Brussels), p. 173; Canada, pp. 173-175; China (Shanghai),
pp. 176-177; United States, pp. 178-187; France, p. 188; Great
Britain and Northern Ireland, pp. 188-193; India (Bombay
Presidency), p. 194; Italy, pp. 195-196; Japan, pp. 197-199;
Poland, pp. 199-201; Sweden, pp. 202-203; Switzerland, p. 204;
Czechoslovakia, p. 205; U.S.S.R., p. 206.
PART V: Total Wages and Value of Output
207-216
Germany, p. 207; Austria, p. 207; Canada, p. 208; Estonia,
p. 209; United States, p. 210; France, p. 211; Great Britain,
p. 211 ; Hungary, p. 211 ; Japan, p. 212 ; Poland, p. 213 ; Rumania,
p. 214; Switzerland, p. 214; Czechoslovakia (Bohemia, Moravia
and Silesia), p. 215; U.S.S.R., p. 215; Addendum, p. 216.
VI
—
Record of Proceedings of the Tripartite Technical Conference on the
Textile Industry, Washington, D.C. (United States of America),
2-17 April 1937
Page
INTRODUCTION
I.
LIST OF MEMBERS OF DELEGATIONS
Secretariat and Committees
II.
REPORTS ADOPTED BY THE CONFERENCE
Report on Economic Problems
Report on Social Problems of the Textile Industry . . . .
Report on Statistics
Appendix I: Draft Questionnaire into the Conditions of
Labour in the Textile Industry, as prepared by a Committee of the Governing Body in 1931 (Cotton and Wool)
Appendix II: Recommendations by the Committee on
Statistics for the Amendment of the Draft Questionnaire
shown in Appendix I
Report of the Sub-Committee on Economic Statistics . . .
219
225
237
242
242
258
273
277
281
282
Explanation of Signs used in the Tables of Part I
Throughout Part
The sign —
The sign .
The sign ...
The sign *
I, unless otherwise noted:
signifies " figure nil or negligible ".
signifies " information not available or non-existent ".
signifies " information not yet published ".
signifies " figure or figures provisional or estimated ".
Explanation of Signs used in the Tables of Parts II-V
The sign * signifies: " no figures exist ".
The sign — signifies: " figures not yet received ".
Figures in thick-faced type: base of the index numbers.
Figures in italics: index numbers with a year other than 1929 as base.
The sign
between two figures of a series signifies that the former
series is replaced by another, or otherwise modified.
Note. — In Parts II-V, the countries are given in the alphabetical order
of their French titles. Thus, to take two important countries, whose order
is different in the two languages, Germany appears under the letter A (Allemagne) and the United States under the letter B (Etats-Unis). The United
Kingdom appears under G (Great Britain and Northern Ireland: GrandeBretagne et Irlande du Nord).
PART I
STATISTICS OF PRODUCTION,
CONSUMPTION AND TRADE
INTRODUCTORY NOTE
The following sections present statistical and other data on
production, consumption and trade for the textile industry in its
principal branches during the ten years 1925/26 to 1935/36. Most
of these data are taken from recognised international sources or
from reports published by official, semi-official, or private bodies
in various countries.1 The International Labour Office has brought
together and arranged the available data so as to present them as
far as possible in a lorm suitable for consultation. The amount of
rhaterial, however, is so abundant that it was necessary to set
certain limitations to the data to be presented. Thus, they are
limited in most cases to the ten-year period 1925/26-1935/36, as
the discussion in Volume I is confined. primarily to this period.
They are also limited to such statistics as lend themselves to international comparisons, and also to those branches of the textile
industry for which convenient national data or international summaries were available. Differences in units of measurement, units
of time (calendar year and fiscal year, for example) and in currencies
also affect comparisons, but it has not proved practicable to convert
the data to common bases.
Although the data on production, consumption and trade are
more complete than those for wages, hours and other conditions
of employment, given in Parts II to V of this volume, they are by
no means perfect. Apart from technical imperfections and differences in methods of compilation, there are many gaps in the
statistics. This is particularly true as regards questions of costs
of production, productivity of the workers, efficiency of machinery,
and similar problems.
1
The sources used in each case are indicated at the foot of the table. The
publications of the Joint Committee of Cotton Trade Organisations (Manchester)—notably Cotton Trade Statistics—are cited by courtesy of the
Committee, whose publications are compiled on behalf of firms engaged in
the British cotton industry and are intended for private circulation only.
Partie I. Production, consommation et commerce
Part I. Production, consumption and trade
Section 1 : Définition
des entreprises textiles
Section 1 : Definition
of textile mills
Les données réunies dans cette
section illustrent certaines des difficultés que l'on rencontre nécessairement lorsque l'on veut définir en
termes stricts un établissement du
« coton », de la « laine », de la « soie »
ou de la « rayonne ».
The data presented in this section
show some of the inherent difficulties
of strictly defining the terms
" cotton ", " wool ", " silk " or
" rayon " mill.
A. ÉTATS-UNIS
A. UNITED STATES
Aux termes des codes de la
N.R.A., les diverses branches de
l'industrie textile étaient définies
comme suit:
Under the N.R.A. codes, the
several branches of textile manufacturing were defined as follows:
Coton. — Par le terme « industrie
cotonnière textile », on entend la manufacture de filés de coton et (ou) de tissus
de coton, soit comme procès final, soit
comme partie d'un procès plus vaste ou
d'un procès subséquent et (ou) la manufacture de tissus de rayonne
(d'une
certaine épaisseur) — dont la filature
constitue l'industrie
de la rayonne au
premier stade —, ou d'autres fils de fibres
synthétiques, finis ou non et (ou) le
finissage de l'un des articles
susénumèrés — qu'il s'agisse d'un tissu de
coton, de rayonne ou de toute autre fibre
synthétique, ou du mélange de l'une de ces
fibres avec d'autres fibres, étant entendu
que de telles opérations de
finissage
sont effectuées par: a) des entreprises se
consacrant au tissage du coton et (ou) de
la rayonne ou d'autres fibres synthétiques; b) des entreprises se consacrant
uniquement au finissage des tissus de
coton; c) des entreprises
principalement
équipées en vue du finissage de tissus de
coton et s'y consacrant spécialement, mais
pouvant
également
se consacrer
au
finissage de la rayonne et (ou) d'autres
fibres synthétiques, et (ou) à la manufacture de fils à coudre, à crochet, à
dentelle et (ou) autres fils à repriser.
Cotton. — The term " cotton textile
industry"
means the manufacture
of
cotton yarns, and/or cotton woven fabrics,
whether as a final process or as a part of
a larger or further process, and/or the
manufacture of woven rayon fabrics of
specified width, the spinning of which is
covered by the rayon industry, or other
synthetic fibres, yarn, whether finished
or unfinished, and/or finishing of any
of the foregoing fabrics whether woven
of cotton or rayon or other
synthetic
fibres or of a mixture of any of these
fibres with other fibres; provided that
such finishing operations are carried on
by (a) concerns engaged in the weaving
of cotton and of rayon or other synthetic
fibres; (b) concerns engaged solely in
finishing cotton woven fabrics; (c) concerns primarily equipped for and primarily engaged in finishing cotton woven
fabrics which may also be engaged in
finishing rayon and all other synthetic
fibres, and/or the manufacture of sewing,
crochet, embroidery,
and other cotton
darning
threads.
— 6 —
Laine. — L'expression
« industrie
textile de la laine » s'entend des entreprises suivantes : manufactures
d'étoffes
pour hommes en laine peignée, d'étoffes
pour femmes en laine peignée, d'étoffes
pour hommes en laine cardée, d'étoffes
pour femmes en laine cardée, de couvertures, de draps de coton, de laine retravaillée, d'articles tricotés en laine, de
filés de laine peignée (système Bradford et
système français), de filés de laine cardée
(non compris les fils pour la fabrication
de tapis et de sous-vêtements)
et le
peignage, le dégraissage ainsi que le
carbonisage
chimique.
Wool. — The term " wool textile
industry " includes the following branches : the manufacture
of worsted men's
wear, worsted women's
wear, carded
men's wear and carded women's wear,
blankets, cotton warp fabrics, reworked
wool, knitted woollen goods, worsted yarn
(French and Bradford systems), carded
yarn (not including carpet or underwear
yarn) and combing, wool scouring and
carbonising
topmakers.
Soie. — Le code considère
comme
industrie de la soie, la manufacture de
tissus de soie et (ou) de rayonne et (ou)
de fils d'acétate de cellulose (ou toute
autre combinaison de ces produits)
ainsi
que n'importe lequel des procès afférents
à une telle manufacture,
à l'exception
du moulinage, mais il ne considère pas
comme telle la manufacture de rayonne
ou de fils d'acétate de cellulose, pour
autant qu'elle est régie par le code du
coton.
Silk. — The code covers the manufacture of silk and/or rayon
and/or
acetate yarn, or any combination thereof,
woven fabrics, or any of the processes of
such manufacture except throwing.
It
' does not include the manufacture
of
rayon and/or acetate yarn fabrics covered
by the provisions of the cotton textile code.
Velours. — Par industrie du velours,
on entend la production et la vente de
velours par des employeurs
faisant
fonctionner
des métiers à velours, à
l'exclusion des procès visés par le code
pour l'impression et la teinture de la soie
naturelle et de la rayonne.
Velvet. — The velvet industry covers
the production and distribution of velvet
by employers operating
velvet looms,
excluding such processes as are covered
by the provisions of the rayon and silk
dyeing and printing industry code.
Moulinage. — L'expression
« industrie du moulinage » englobe toutes les
installations
de moulinage possédées et
(ou) dirigées par des moulineurs à la
commission ou par ceux qui
moulinent
pour la vente ou pour leur propre usage
des fils de soie de rayonne ou d'acétate.
Par « installation
de moulinage », on
entend toute installation utilisée pour le
doublage de fils de soie ou pour le
doublage de fils simples ou multiples, de
rayonne ou d'acétate, à l'exception de la
production originale de fils de rayonne
ou d'acétate (d'une certaine
dimension)
et de fils retordus du type bouclé, ratine
ou « frille » usuellement faits au moyen
de moulins à double bobine.
L'expression
« installation de moulinage » doit en outre
s'entendre comme incluant
l'enroulage,
le doublage, le bobinage et toutes installations communément et uniquement
utilisées pour la préparation desdits fils en
vue du procès de moulinage, ou pour le
conditionnement de ces fils après achèvement dudit procès de
moulinage.
Throwing. — The throwing
industry
embraces all plants of throwing machinery owned and/or operated by commission throwsters or by those throwing
material for sale or for their own use
and made of silk rayon or acetate yarns.
The term " throwing machinery " includes any machinery when used for the
twisting of silk yarns and of single or
multiple rayon and acetate yarns, except
the original production of rayon or acetate
yarns of specified dimensions and twisted
yarns of the type of bouclé, ratine, and
frille usually made on double-feed roll
twisters.
It also includes
winding,
doubling, reeling and other machinery
commonly used, but only when used in
preparing such yarns for the twisting
process or in packaging such threads after
the completion of the twisting process.
Bonneterie. — Le code précise que
l'industrie
de la bonneterie
comprend
Hosiery. —
hosiery industry
The code defines the
as covering the manu-
— 7 —
la fabrication, le finissage, la réparation,
la vente et la distribution (par le fabricant) d'articles de bonneterie.
facture,
finishing,
and/or distributing
of hosiery.
repairing,
selling
by
manufacturers
Teinture et impression de la soie
naturelle e t de la rayonne. — Cette
industrie englobe la teinture, le finissage,
le blanchiment, la mercerisation,
Vapprêt,
l'impression
ou toute opération
portant
sur de la soie ou de la rayonne ou autre
mélange de Vune et de Vautre, ou d'autres
mélanges de matières contenant
essentiellement de la soie naturelle ou de la
rayonne, qu'il s'agisse de pièces ou de
fils, mais elle ne comprend pas des
entreprises : occupées au tissage de coton
et (ou) de rayonne, et dont les opérations
doivent être régies par le code du coton;
équipées essentiellement pour
finissage
de tissus de colon et occupées à ce travail,
et qui peuvent également s'occuper de
finissage de rayonne et (ou)
d'autres
articles en fibres
synthétiques.
R a y o n a n d silk dyeing and printing.
— This industry includes the dyeing,
finishing, bleaching, mercerising, weighting, printing and other processing of
rayon, silk, and/or any other mixture of
these or other goods containing
primarily
silk and rayon, either in the piece or in
the yarn. It does not include concerns
engaged in the weaving of cotton and/or
rayon, whose operations come under the
cotton textile code, or concerns
primarily
equipped for and engaged in
finishing
cotton woven fabrics which may also be
engaged in finishing rayon and/or other
synthetic fibre fabrics.
Blanchiment et teinture. — Le code
contient une définition par voie d'énumération, d'où il ressort que toutes les
opérations du blanchiment et de la teinture sont visées par le code.
Textile processing. — The code enumerates the operations covered by the
industry which include all the processes
involved in bleaching and dyeing.
S O U R C E : Réduction de la durée du
travail dans l'industrie
textile (Rapport V I I , 2 0 m e session de la Conférence
internationale
du
Travail,
1936),
pp. 26-27.
SOURCE : Reduction of Hours of Work
in the Textile Industry
(Report V I I ,
20th Session of the I n t e r n a t i o n a l
L a b o u r Conference, 1936), p p . 25-27.
B. ROYAUME-UNI
Le tableau figurant ci-dessous
indique la valeur des « autres
produits » fabriqués par les entreprises qui, lors d'une enquête sur
I'« Import Duties Act » (rapport de
1933), ont été classées, d'après leur
produit principal, dans une branche
textile déterminée :
B. UNITED KINGDOM
The table which follows indicates
the value of " other output " by
establishments whose returns for the
Report on the Import Duties Act
Inquiry (1933) were made on the
schedules for specified textile trades:
CATEGORIES D ETABLISSEMENTS — NATURE OF ESTABLISHMENT
(Valeur en milliers de £ — Value in thousand £)
Coton — Cotton
Espèces de produit«
Articles destinés à
la vente:
Soie
Rayonne . . .
Laine
Coton
Fibres autres et
diverses. . .
Articles faits à façon:
Fibre principale
Autres fibres .
Tous produits .
Filage
Spinning
372
18
66,763
42
354
26
67,575
Tissage
Weaving
Laine
cardée et
peignée
Woollen
and worsted
113
1,605
98,424
648
} 4,421 -f
130
59.881(a)
359
Lin et
chanvre (c)
Silk and
rayon
Linen and
hemp (C)
Type of products
64
1,052
29
881
6
374
101,897
32,690
16,118
(u) Y compris filés et déchets.
(6) Tissus en pièces seulement.
(c) Irlande du Nord seulement.
(d) Y compris une petite quantité de fibres
autres que le lin ou le chanvre.
SOURCE: ROYAUME-UNI — UNITED KINGDOM:
Part I, passim.
C. ALLEMAGNE
Le tableau figurant ci-dessous
indique les quantités de filés de
diverses espèces consommées par certaines catégories de manufactures
d'Allemagne en 1933.
Goods made for
sale :
Silk
Rayon
Wool
Cotton
Other and n o n specifled fibres
Goods made
on
commission :
Principal fibre
Other fibres
}30,299{
914(a)
70
1,370
14,830
26
264(6)
71
65,126
Soie et
rayonne
All products
(a) Including yarns and waste.
(6) Piece goods only.
(c) Northern Ireland only.
(d) Including a small amount of fibres
other than linen or hemp.
Report of the Import Duties Act Inquiry (1933),
C. GERMANY
The table below indicates the
consumption by selected categories
of German weaving mills in 1933
of various types of yarns.
Catégories d'établissements: recensés comme manufactures de
Nature of establishments: returne< as manufacturers of
Consommation
de filés
(en milliers de kilos)
Tous filés,
dont:
Laine et laine synthétique. . . .
Coton et coton
synthétique . .
Lin
Jute
Soie
Rayonne . . . .
A u t r e s filés . . .
Tissas de
Tissus de
laine ponr
l'habillement coton (a)
Wool
Cotton
clothing
tissues (a)
tissues
Tissus de
Un
Tissus de
jute
'Tissus de
soie
Linen
tissues
Jute
tissues
Silk
tissues
76,726
1,217
196
6
836
7,564
16
202,105
1,424
132
188
3,465
1,833
13,375
l'2,381
607
19
154
390
166
172
85,941
2,311
—43
1,525
980
(a) Non compris les étoffes d'ameublement,
velours, peluche et tissus grossiers tels que
les toiles à voiles, etc.
—
—4
—
—
543
11,845
1,538
Yara
consumption
(in thousands of kg.)
"
All yarns,
of which:
Wool and synthetic
wool
Cotton a n d synthetic cotton
Flax
Jute
Silk
Rayon
Other y a r n s
(a) Excluding furnishings, velvet, plush
and coarse fabrics such as canvas, etc.
SOURCE: ALLEMAGNE — GERMANY: Statistisches Jahrbuch. 1936, p. 151.
— 9 —
Section 2: L'importance du textile dans le commerce mondial
Section 2: Importance of textiles in world trade
TABLEAU
1 . EXPORTATIONS
MONDIALES DE MATIERES P R E M I È R E S
ET
PRODUITS MANUFACTURÉS T E X T I L E S EN POURCENTAGES DES EXPORTATIONS
MONDIALES DE TOUS PRODUITS
TABLE
1 . WORLD
EXPORTS OF TEXTILE
COMMODITIES AS PERCENTAGES .
OF WORLD EXPORTS OF ALL
COMMODITIES
(En valeur — By value)
Matières premières :
Soie grège et déchets de soie
Laine (mouton)
Poils (divers)
Déchets de laine
. . . .
Coton (linters compris) . .
Lin (étoupe comprise) . .
Chanvre véritable (étoupe
comprise)
Jute
Autres fibres végétales . .
Chiffons
Fibres pour rembourrage,
tressage, etc
Total
Produits semi-finis :
Peignés
Rayonne
Filés de soie, etc
Filés de laine, etc
Filés de coton
Filés de lin, chanvre
ramie
Filés de j u t e
et
Total
Produits finis :
Tissus de soie et (ou)
rayonne
Tissus de laine
d o n t : Tapis
Tissus de coton
Tissus de lin, chanvre ou
ramie
Tissus de j u t e
Sacs de j u t e neufs . . . .
Cordes, cordages, etc. . .
Tricot
Total
Total général
1.80
2.13
0.13
0.19
4.34
0.21
1.19
1.70
0.08
0.10
4.15
0.18
0.82
2.01
0.11
0.14
4.34
0.27
0.09
0.34
0.25
0.17
0.06
0.20
0.18
0.11
0.11
0.27
0.21
0.20
0.17
0.19
0.19
9.82
8.14
¡.67
0.27
0.31
0.09
0.59
0.90
0.30
0.45
0.08
0.50
0.97
0.34
0.43
0.07
0.47
0.88
0.13
0.03
0.12
0.02
0.14
0.02-
2.32
2.44
2.35
SOURCE:
ALLEMAGNE —
sichten", p p . 142-145.
True h e m p (including tow)
Jute
Other vegetable fibres
Rags
Fibres for upholstery, braiding, etc.
Total
Semi-manujactures
:
Wool tops
Rayon
Silk y a r n , e t c .
Wool yarn, etc.
Cotton yarn
Linen, h e m p and
yarn
J u t e yarn
1.31
1.41
(0.18)
4.06
1.28
1.06
(0.17)
3.86
1.04
0.97
(0.15)
3.19
0.14
0.44
0.33
0.16
0.73
0.16
0.28
0.32
0.15
0.57
0.16
0.33
0.30
0.15
0.48
18.26
17.64
20.72
6.62
G E R M A N Y : Statistisches
Jahrbuch,
ramie
Total
Finished manujaclures
8.58
. . . .
Ravi materials :
R a w silk and silk wastes
Wool (sheep)
Animal hairs(miscellaneous)
Wool wastes
Cotton (including linters)
F l a x (including tow)
:
Silk and/or rayon tissues
Wool tissues, of which :
Carpets and rugs
Cotton tissues
Linen, h e m p and ramie
tissues
J u t e tissues
J u t e sacks, new
Cordage, rope, etc.
Knitted goods
Total
Grand total
1936, " I n t e r n a t i o n a l e Über-
— 10 —
Section 2 (suite)
Section 2 (continued)
TABLEAU 2 . EXPORTATIONS DE MATIÈRES PREMIÈRES ET PRODUITS
MANUFACTURÉS TEXTILES, EN POURCENTAGES DE LA VALEUR DES
EXPORTATIONS TOTALES, CERTAINS PAYS, 1 9 3 5
TABLE 2. EXPORTS OF TEXTILE COMMODITIES AS PERCENTAGES OF VALUE
OF ALL EXPORTS, SELECTED COUNTRIES, 1 9 3 5
Matières
Produits
premières (a) semi-finis (&)
Paya
Allemagne
Argentine
Australie (1934/35) .
Autriche
Belgique
Brésil
Chine
Egypte
Espagne
Estonie
Etats-Unis
. . . .
France
Hongrie
Inde
Iran (1934/35) . . .
Italie (1934) . . . .
Japon
Lettonie
Llthuanie
Mexique (1934) . .
Nouvelle-Zélande . .
Pays-Bas
Philippines
. . . .
Pologne
Portugal
Royaume-Uni . . .
Suède
Suisse
Tchécoslovaquie . .
Turquie
U.R.S.S
Union Sud-Africaine
Uruguay
Produits
finis (£)
Finished
Raw
Semi-manumanufactures
materials (u) factures (&)
(C)
5.8
33.8
1.6
8.4
16.5
13.8
74.8
0.7
7.5
17.4
4.5
0.2
22.3
6.6
3.3
15.8
8.8
9.2
3.1
15.4
0.7
13.3
1.9
0.4
1.9
1.7
2.7
5.8
5.0
5.3
3.3
13.6
7.8
15.1
3.9
2.0
0.3
0.2
12.1
4.5
2.9
2.6
1.2
1.3
6.2
4.7
2.1
6.3
5.3
14.0
40.4
(a) Y compris la soie grège et les déchets
de soie, mais non compris la pâte de bois.
(6) Y compris les flls de tout genre et les
peignés de laine.
(c) Y compris les tricots, mais non compris
les autres articles d'habillement.
(—) = Nul, négligeable ou non spécifié.
4.6
7.9
2.9
12.5
3.5
12.1
6.2
15.2
35.7
3.7
5.4
1.3
5.5
19.0
1.8
15.3
19.6
0.8
4.4
Total
8.5
5.8
38.8
20.5
19.5
16.5
28.9
74.8
5.3
19.3
20.3
19.0
4.0
34.6
12.8
30.6
56.0
11.7
9.2
3.1
15.4
7.0
19.9
4.5
5.9
27.1
1.8
21.7
21.7
7.1
9.7
14.0
40.4
Country
Germany
Argentina
Australia (1934/35)
Austria
Belgium
Brazil
China
Egypt
Spain
Estonia
United States
France
Hungary
India
I r a n (1934/35)
I t a l y (1934)
Japan
Latvia
Lithuania
Mexico (1934)
New Zealand
Netherlands
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
United Kingdom
Sweden
Switzerland
Czechoslovakia
Turkev
U.S.S.R.
Union of South Africa
Uruguay
(a) Including raw silk and silk wastes,
excluding wood pulp.
(6) Including threads of all kinds and
wool tops.
(c) Including knitted goods, excluding
other wearing apparel.
(—) = Nil, negligible, or not separately
specified.
SOURCE: Société des Nations: Statistiques du commerce international, 1935, passim
SOURCE: League of Nations: International Trade Statistics, 1935, passim.
— 11
Section 2 (suite)
TABLEAU
3 . IMPORTATIONS
DE MATIÈRES P R E M I È R E S
ET
PRODUITS
MANUFACTURÉS T E X T I L E S , EN POURCENTAGES DE LA VALEUR
DES
IMPORTATIONS TOTALES, CERTAINS P A Y S , 1 9 3 5
TABLE 3 . IMPORTS OF T E X T I L E COMMODITIES AS P E R C E N T A G E S OF VALUE
OF ALL IMPORTS, SELECTED C O U N T R I E S ,
Matières
Produits
premières (a) semi-finis (&)
Baw
Semi-manumaterials (a) factures <6)
1935
Produits
finis (C)
Finished
manufactures
(£>
Total
Country
34.7
Albania
12.2
Algeria
19.0
Germany
24.7
Argentina
—
20.5
Australia
(1934/35)
—
10.2
20.4
Austria
12.6
16.8
Belgium
1.3
4.8
Brazil
13.7
31.6
Bulgaria
2.9
15.5
Canada
—
0.4
10.1
Cevlon
—
4.0
17.5
Chile
—
4.5
1.0
12.0
China
1.8
2.6
27.7
Colombia
2.9
25.6
'
Cuba
—
2.7
10.8
Denmark
—
1.0
25.0
Egypt
—
2.8
17.4
E
cuador
—
16.2
16.6
Spain
—
14.5
25.3
Estonia
—
7.2
13.6
United States
—
5.2
1.9
13.2
Finland
14.1
1.5
15.6
France
—
2.1
4.2
12.2
18.5
Greece
31.4
30.4
Haiti
—
—
11.5
2.8
5.0
19.3
Hungary
5.5
5.1
17.4
28.0
India
2.7
28.2
30.9
Netherlands Indies
—
0.6
20.3
20.9
Iran
—
8.5
8.5
Irish
Free State
—
—
16.7
1.6
1.4
19.7
Italy (1934)
40.1
0.1
0.3
40.5
Japan
8.4
5.9
7.1
21.4
Latvia
3.4
9.1
7.4
19.9
Lithuania
6.8
6.8
British Malaya
—
—
0.8
1.2
7.3
9.3
Mexico (1931)
1.4
27.5
28.9
Nicaragua (1932)
—
40.5
40.5
Nigeria
—
—
1.4
3.9
9.8
15.1
Norway
15.3
15.3
New Zealand
—
2.8
28.6
31.4
P a r a g u a y (1932)
—
3.1
3.6
4.7
11.4
Netherlands
17.0
17.0
Peru
—
—
23.9
23.9
Philippines
—
—
21.9
1.8
5.6
29.3
Poland
12.6
5.2
17.8
Portugal
—
1.9
23.9
8.9
34.7
Roumania
11.3
1.9
13.2
United Kingdom
—
2.9
28.5
31.4
Siam (1934/35)
—
4.8
2.8
9.4
17.0
Sweden
11.3
17.6
Switzerland
6.3
.3.0
—
20.8
2.3
26.1
Czechoslovakia
7.8
27.8
35.6
Turkey (1933)
—
12.8
1.4
14.2
U.S.S.R.
—
12.8
12.8
—
4.0
4.0
Uruguay
—
—
1.0
9.5
10.5
Venezuela
(1933)
—
30.1
Yugoslavia
—
—
—
(a) Including raw silk and silk wastes,
(a) Y compris la soie grège et les déchets
excluding wood pulp.
de soie, mais non compris la pâte de bois.
(*) Including threads of all kinds and
(¡>) Y compris les fils de tout genre et les
peignés de laine.
wool tops.
(c) Including knitted goods, excluding
(c) Y compris les tricots, mais non compris
les autres articles d'habillement.
wearing apparel.
(—) = Nil, negligible, or not separately
(—) = Nu!, négligeable ou non spécifié.
specified.
S O U R C E : Société des N a t i o n s : Slalisliques du commerce international, 1935, passim.
S O U R C E : League of N a t i o n s : /nlernalional Trade Statistics, 1935, passim.
Albanie
Algérie
Allemagne
. . . .
Argentine
Australie (1934/35) .
Autriche
Belgique
Brésil
Bulgarie
Canada
Ceylan
Chili
Chine
Colombie
Cuba
Danemark
. . . .
Egypte
Equateur
Espagne
Estonie
Etats-Unis
. . . .
Finlande
France
Grèce
Haïti
Hongrie
Inde
Indes néerlandaises .
Iran
E t a t libre d ' I r l a n d e
Italie (1934) . . . .
Japon
Lettonie
Lithuanie
Malaisie britannique
Mexique (1931) . .
Nicaragua (1932)
.
Nigeria
Norvège
Nouvelle-Zélande
P a r a g u a y (1932) . .
Pays-Bas
Pérou
Philippines
. . . .
Pologne
Portugal
Roumanie
. . . .
Rovaume-Uni . . .
Siam (1934/35)
. .
Suède
Suisse
Turquie (1933)
. .
U.R.S.S
Union Sud-Africaine
Uruguay
Venezuela (1933)
.
Yougoslavie . . . .
13.7
5.1
1.1
2.1
1.5
2.2
4.1
0.7
2.4
12.0
29.6
11.1
3.2
23.2
18.3
6.1
3.5
1.1
7.9
12.6
9.7
13.5
6.5
23.3
22.7
8.1
24.0
14.6
0.4
10.8
6.4
6.1
Section 3: Production mondiale de matières premières textiles — Section 3 : Wo
TABLEAU 1. COTON: SUPERFICIE ET PRODUCTION DE
TABLE 1. COTTON: AREA AND PRODUCTION OF GI
SUPERFICIE — ABBA
PRODUCTION
Miniera d e quintaux — Quínt
MiUiere d'hectares — Hectárea (OOO'a)
Paya
AFRIQUE
Afr.-Equatoriale fr.
Afr.-Occidentale fr.
Algérie
Congo belge
. . .
Egypte
Mozambique i
. .
Nigeria (E.)
. . .
Nyassaland
Ouganda (E.) . . .
Somalie ital
Soudan angl.-ég.. .
Tanganyika
. . .
Togo (M. fr.) (E.) .
Union Sud-Africaine
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.2
1933
1933/34
1934
1934/35
•1935
1935/36
•1,700
8
277
6
102
740
23
•2,100
•2,300
•2,400
4,330
85
215
117
209
5
218
758
728
701
61
13
57
3,442
57
3
87
2,856
2,227
13
249
6
105
51
•31
25
12
441
4
135
17
474
5
148
25
63
10
285
9
272
45
17
25
11
8
376
9
461
21
13
5
44
8
535
9
255
33
10
3
5
1
51
7
290
5
1
4
17,242
12,132
10,921
11,061
33,104
37,066
28,190
28,289
254
7
56
191
278
4
102
172
289
5
115
169
525
6
63
456
301
3
58
220
622
237
604
8
48
548
752
98
520
11
123
•1,430
•2,470
1,947
•3,230
130
149
•12,740
1,829
•12,580
2,485
o
•13,050
2,763
553
158
1931
1931/32
1932
1932/33
1933
1933/34
•3,950
•3,380
•5,070
13
28
55
150
4
5
155
3,85
A M É R I Q U E DU N O R D :
Etats-Unis
A M É R I Q U E CENTRALE .
.
Antilles brit
Haïti (E.)
Mexique
A M É R I Q U E DU S U D
Argentine
Brésil
Paraguay
Pérou
Venezuela t
.
195
286
1,094
2,028
368
.
5
200
10,599
2,156
•1,870
250
367
1,139
1,248
325
987
2,16
25
34
507
526
' 60
•11,660
3,869
13,840
4,900
15,75
5,90
533
(o) (73)
. . . .
A S I E * (sans U.R.S.S.).
Chine a
Chypre
Corée
I n d e (brit.)
.
•12,950
2,147
5
56
15,245
4,465
43
175
4
192
208
5
298
5
219
2
294
30
9,767
9,644
10,127
10,243
7,270
8,450
9,19
Indes néerl. (E.) . . .
Indochine
Irak
Iran
Siam
Syrie et Liban
. . .
a)
U.R.S.S
E U R O P E (sans U.R.S.S.).
Bulgarie
Espagne
Grèce
Italie
Turquie
16
8
15
11
14
4
24
120
3
8
4
14
81S
2,052
9
1,941
149
221
21.
8
29
1
162
266
19
10
37
3
197
Australie
12
7
19
18
24
23
TOTAI
* 33,800
•30,800
•31,000
OCEANIE
•180
4
6
16
(b)
3
NOUVELLE-ORLÉANS
Prix en francs-or par quintal
(c):
Prices in gold francs per
quintal (c):
Middling
10
12
6
14
6
(E.)175
• 12
2
16
1
7
22
229
6
37
155
5
11
31
33
1,954
2,158
4,064
4,029
3,64
•267
135
13
11
48
2
61
38
2
213
147
9
8
30
3
197
23
16
12
9
28
27
4
4
•57,700
•59,600
•51,800
•57,00
71
70
75
73
108
100
77
67
75
71
112
98
7
7
6
6
10
9
36
7
7
33
45
(i>)
•31,600
7
H y ,av.{vin-vn
"1
f VIII-VII
jmoy.-av.{XII
A L E X A N D R I E : SakelVIII-VII
laridisF.G.P.
}moy.-av.{ X I I
B O M B A Y : Broach,
m. g., P . G.
6
28
SOURCE: I n s t i t u t International d'Agriculture. — International Institute ot Agriculture.
Note. — L à où les données originales de production ou d'exportation
sont exprimées en coton non égrené, on les a converties en coton égrené
A l'aide de coefficients spéciaux fournis généralement p a r les pays mêmes.
A défaut de coefficients officiels, on a employé le coefficient moyen d e :
10p kg. de coton non égrené = 30 kg. de coton égrené.
• Estimation.
(E.) E x p o r t a t i o n s au cours d'années civiles; (E.) Exportations au
cours de campagnes 1.X-30.IX.
(a) 1925-1928. (b) 1929. (c) Campagnes (1.VIII-30.VII.) 1931/32-1935/36;
XII.1931-1935.
t P a y s non compris dans les t o t a u x .
» Moisamblque: culture des Européens.
Ç Union Sud-Africaine: y compris le Swaziland.
? Chine: estimations de l'Association chinoise pour les statistiques
cotonnlêres; données Incomplètes.
Note. — Whenever th
in terms of unginned co
by means of special coe
Where official coefficien
been used: 100 kg. of u
• Estimate.
(E.) E x p o r t s in cale
1.X-30.IX.
(a) 1925-1928. (b) 19
1935/36; XII.1931-1935
t Countries not inclu
i Mozambique: culti
2 Union of South Af
s China: estimates o
returns.
E x t r a i t de VAnnuaire statistique de la Société des Nations, 1935/36, p . 119.
Reprinted from t h e Statistical Year-Booh of the League of Nations, 1935/
Section 3 (suite)
TABLEAU 2 . LAINE —
TABLE 2 . WOOL
P r o d u c t i o n en milliers de tonnes métriques — P r o d u c t i o n in t h
JVoíe. — Les statistiques relatives à la production de la laine étant assez
incomplètes, les chiffres donnés dans le tableau ne sont dans bien des cas
que des estimations basées sur l'effectif du troupeau ovin. Ils ne se réfèrent
qu'à la laine des moutons, les laines mohair, le poil de chameau, etc., étant
exclus." Ils comprennent la laine tondue, la laine morte et, autant que
possible, la laine mélangée de rebut. Pour des raisons de comparabilité,
les données ont été calculées sur la base de la laine en suint.
AFHIQUE
Algérie *
Bassoutoland (E.) . . .
Egypte (E.)
Maroc français * . . . .
Soudan français (E.) . .
Tunisie *
Union Sud-Africaine i (a)
Autres pays *
AMÉRIQUE DU NORD
. .
Canada
Etats-Unis
Terre-Neuve *
AMÉRIQUE 2CENTRALE
(Mexique)
Note. — The statis
incomplete, the figures g
based on the sheep pop
camel's hair and similar
wool, and, as far as poss
of comparability, the da
162.5
171.6
177.9
193.8
187.3
180.5
195.5
175
17.5
5.5
1.5
14.8
0.6
3.4
113.9
5.3
16.5
5.9
1.7
12.2
0.7
3.2
126.1
5.3
16.7
5.8
1.8
12.7
0.7
3.4
131.5
5.3
21.4
5.9
2.2
14.1
0.9
3.9
140.2
5.2
22.4
4.4
1.0
12.7
0.6
4.7
137.0
4.5
12.7
4.2
1.6
10.5
0.3
3.9
142.4
4.9
17.8
5.4
0.9
12.0
0.1
4.7
149.7
4.9
17
4
1
12
0
4
128
5
180.4
170.2
183.2
191.0
206.7
220.1
209.2
217
8.2
152.1
0.1
8.5
161.6
0.1
8.9
174.2
0.1
9.2
181.7
0.1
9.5
197.1
0.1
9.3
210.7
0.1
9.3
199.8
0.1
8
208
0
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2
. . .
244.0
249.0
255.2
283.3
281.8
259.4
269.4
258
Argentine (ft) 3
Bolivie *
Brésil *
Chili *
Equateur *
Falkland (Iles) (10.). . .
Paraguay (15.)
Pérou *
Uruguay (6) 3
149.2
1.5
14.3
153.8
1.5
14.8
15.8
0.7
1.8
0.1
7.5
53.0
157.4
2.0
15.2
15.2
0.7
1.8
0.1
7.5
55.3
160.1
1.7
15.4
13.3
0.7
•1.9
0.1
7.5
82.1
163.7
1.8
15.7
12.1
0.7
1.7
0.1
7.5
75.3
171.4
1.9
15.9
12.9
0.7
1.8
0.1
7.5
47.2
176.0
1.9
15.3
15.3
0.7
1.8
0.1
7.5
50.8
174
1
16
12
0
1
0
7
43
AMÉRIQUE DU SUD
0.7
2.0
_7.5
ASIE (sans l'U.R.S.S.) . .
Afghanistan *
Chine (E.) o . . . . . .
Chypre
Inde (britannique) * . .
Irak »
Iran *
Palestine
Syrie et Liban
U.R.S.S. a
109.3
119.0
130.1
112.9
118.2
100.5
113
6.8
19.7
0.2
45.4
7.1
24.5
0.5
5.i
6.8
32.1
0.3
. 45.4
7.0
21.8
0.5
5.1
6.8
42.1
0.3
45.4
8.2
22.2
0.5
4.6
6.8
25.7
0.4
45.4
8.0
20.4
0.5
5.7
6.8
29.5
0.4
45.4
8.2
22.2
0.5
5.2
6.8
13.5
0.3
45.4
7.1
22.2
0.5
4.7
6
27
0
45
5
22
0
4
159.2
167.8
177.8
137.0
98.9
64.9
61
EUHOPE (sans l'U.H.S.S.).
270.8
269.0
264.3
251.1
253.8
255.2
256
Albanie *
Allemagne
Autriche
Belgique *
Bulgarie
Danemark
Espagne
Estonie *
Finlande
France
Grèce
Hongrie
Irlande, Etat libre . . .
Islande (E.)
Italie *
Lettonie
Lithuanie *
Norvège
Pays-Bas *
Pologne *
Portugal
Roumanie
Royaume-Uni
. . . .
Suède *
Suisse
Tchécoslovaquie * . .
Turquie *
Yougoslavie
1.8
17.1
0.8
0.4
9.9
0.5
38.6
0.9
1.6
26.4
5.4
6.8
7.7
0.9
25.9
1.6
2.1
2.4
1.2
4.1
1.6
27.2
50.3
1.0
0.3
1.2
20.5
12.6
1.8
16.0
0.7
0.4
9.7
0.5
38.1
0.9
1.6
26.9
5.0
6.0
8.1
0.7
25.4
1.6
1.9
2.5
1.2
4.0
1.8
25.9
51.7
0.9
0.3
1.2
21.6
12.6
1.6
15.3
0.6
0.4
9.6
0.5
38.1
0.9
1.5
26.7
5.4
6.3
8.2
0.7
23.6
1.5
2.0
2.5
1.2
4.4
2.1
25.6
51.7
0.9
0.3
1.2
19.2
12.3
1.8
14.7
0.5
0.4
8.9
0.5
36.3
0.7
1.1
26.1
5.2
5.9
8.6
0.3
21.8
1.5
0.8
2.5
1.1
4.4
2.7
23.8
50.3
0.9
0.3
1.0
16.7
12.3
1.9
14.7
0.5
0.4
9.0
0.5
34.9
0.7
1.1
25.4
6.6
5.8
8.8
1.0
20.0
1.5
0.8
2.5
1.1
4.5
2.8
24.7
51.3
0.8
0.3
0.9
18.7
12.6
2.0
14.3
0.5
0.4
9.4
• 0.5
35.4
0.8
1.1
24.6
6.7
4.9
8.9
0.5
19.1
1.6
0.9
2.7
1.1
4.3
2.4
25.2
54.0
0.8
0.3
0.7
18.7
13.4
2
14
0
0
9
0
35
1
1
24
7
4
8
1
18
1
0
2
1
4
3
25
54
0
0
0
17
13
Pour ¡es noies, voir p. 10. .
TABLEAU 2. LAINE (suite) — TABLE 2. WOOL (
Section 3 (suite)
Production en milliers de tonnes métriques — Production in th
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
535.3
419.3
116.0
1,644.0
521.7
402.8
118.9
1,670.8
562.6
439.2
123.4
1,753.6
549.1
425.3
123.8
1,776.2
536.7
413.7
123.0
1,716.0
584.9
456.6
128.3
1,718.3
612.4
481.6
130.8
1,709.6
X XII
9.93
9.46
11.07
11.38
11.03
10.64
8.73
7.15
5.36
4.25
2.89
2.82
2.74
3.5
4.5
S moy.
X XII
f moy.
9.01
8.53
4.85
4.84
9.68
9.98
5.74
6.27
10.45
9.72
6.85
6.25
7.87
6.46
5.32
4.84
4.66 '
3.56
3.34
2.41
3.65
3.25
2.15
1.46
3.07
2.97
1.45
1.33
3.4
4.5
1.6
2.4
Pays
Australie (a) ?
Nouvelle-Zélande (a) s
.
TOTAL
1933
583
446
136
1,668
Prix en francs-or par kg. 8 ;
LONDBES:
Mérinos.
pièces courantes
Croisés :
toisons fines
N° I/prime
toisons moy.
N° I V / I I I
( moy.
X xii
4.02
SOURCES: Statistiques nationales officielles. — Rapports spéciaux fournis par 1' « Imperial Economie Co
SOURCES: National official statistics. — Special statements furnished by the Imperial Economic C
» Estimation ou chiffre provisoire.
* Estimate or provisi
(E.) Exports.
(E.) Exportation.
(o) Douze mois finissant le 30.VI de l'année suivante.
(a) Twelve months en
(6) Twelve months en
(o) Douze mois finissant le 30.IX de l'année suivante.
i Union of South Afr
i Union Sud-Africaine: calculé sur la base de l'équivalent en laine en
of exports, plus the ap
suint de la laine exportée, plus le poids approximatif de la laine exportée
exports the produce of
sur les peaux, moins les exportations en provenance du Bassoutoland et
du Sud-Ouest africain.
2 Mexique: estimation basée sur la quantité de laine d'origine nationale
2 Mexico : estimates b
utilisée par les fabriques.
3 Argentine, Uruguay, Nouvelle-Zélande: calculé sur la base des expor3 Argentina, Uruguay
tations, de la quantité de laine exportée sur les peaux, de la consommation
the quantity of wool ex
nationale et des stocks.
•» Chili: estimations sur la base des exportations, moins une estimation
* Chile: estimates on
de la laine en transit en provenance d'Argentine, plus la consommation
wool exported through
nationale et une estimation de la laine exportée sur peaux.
content of woolled skins
s Chine: y compris la Mandchourie. La production annuelle moyenne a
s China: including Ma
été estimée à 50.000 tonnes.
estimated at 50,000 ton
s U.R.S.S.: non compris la laine provenant des moutons abattus et y
s U.S.S.R.: excluding
compris une petite quantité de poil de chameau.
a small quantity of cam
? Australie: total de la laine tondue, de la laine sur les peaux et de la
' Australia: total of s
laine exportée sur les peaux.
s Prix : aux enchères de Londres. Les cotes se réfèrent aux classifications
8 Prices: London au
continentales.
fications.
Extrait de l'Annuaire statistique de la Société des Nations, 1935/36, pp
Reprinted from the Statistical Year-Booh of the League of Nations, 19
Section 3 (suite)
T A B L E A U 3 . P R O D U C T I O N D E COCONS D E S O I E D A N S L E S P R I N C I P A U X
T A B L E 3 . P R O D U C T I O N O F S I L K COCOONS IN T H E P R I N C I P A L
SILK
( E n millions d e l i v r e s — I n million lbs.)
Bulgarie
. . . .
Clune
Chypre
Corée
Espagne
France
Grèce
Hongrie
Inde
Italie
lapon
Syrie et Liban
Turquie
U.R.S.S
Yougoslavie . . .
Total (c)
4.3
(a)
0.6
27.1
2.0
5.9
5.7
1.0
(b)
115.7
775.9
7.4
4.1
30.4
2.5
5.2
(a)
0.5
34.1
1.9
5.6
' 5.6
1.2
(6)
117.6
844.0
7.8
4.0
33.7
2.8
5.0
(a)
0.5
39.1
1.6
4.0
4.2
1.7
(b)
116.3
880.2
8.0
3.5
40.9
2.8
2.4
(a)
0.4
40.6
1.1
2.2
3.7
1.1
(b)
76.0
802.5
6.1
3.0
44.1
1.7
2.9
(a)
0.4
41.7
1.2
2.2
4.1
1.4
(b)
84.3
740.3
3.8
2.7
22.5
1.0
3.0
(a)
0.3
415.9
1.0
2.1
4.8
1.1
(b)
76.3
837.0
4.1
4.2
31.7
1.6
982.6
1,064.0
1,107.8
984.9
908.5
1,014.1
(a
5
(b
6
72
3
(a) Aucune donnée. — Not available.
(b) Aucune donnée, sauf pour la récolte de 1931/32, estimée à 28.200.000 livres par 1'« Indian Ta
1931/32 season, wben the production was estimated at 28.2 million lb. by the Indian Tarili Board (19
(e) Chine et Inde non comprises. — Excluding China and India.
SOUUCE: ROYAÜME-UNI
—
UNITED KINGDOM:
Imperial Economic Committee: Industrial Fibres, 19
Section 3 (suite)
TABLEAU 4 . PÂTE DE BOIS (CHIMIQUE
ET MECA
TABLE 4 . WOOD P U L P (CHEMICAL AND MECHA
P r o d u c t i o n e n milliers d e t o n n e s m é t r i q u e s (poids sec) — P r o d u c t i o n i n t h o
AMER. DU NORD :
Total.
Chimique
Mécanique
Canada: Total
. . .
Chimique
Mécanique
E t a t s - U n i s : Total . .
Chimique
Mécanique
Terre-Neuve: Total *.
Chimique •
Mécanique •
AMÉRIQUE
.
7,035
7,031
7,495
8,179
7,680
7,070
6,019
3,558
3,477
3,658
3,373
3,941
3,554
3,986
3,694
3,717
3.353
3.86
2.97
2,904
3,196
2,823
2,860
3,193
4,327
3,852
3,558
3,219
2,815
2,368
2,70
1,135
1,725
1,160
1,744
1,263
1,930
1,362
2,196
1,143
2,071
986
1,829
829
1,539
1,01
1,68
3,913
4,092
4,411
4,200
4,000
3,412
3,89
2,445
1,468
2,626
1,466
2,915
1,496
2,779
1,421
2,676
1,324
2,320
1,092
214
210
210
261
255
2,31
1,08
239
53
161
52
158
50
160
59
202
55
200
24
47
192
3
20
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
3
10
20
10
20
10
20
10
20
10
20
10
20
10
20
1
2
509
551
584
636
646
584
573
64
270
239
306
245
341
243
373
263
379
267
332
252
324
249
37
27
11
20
23
24
24
10
1
18
2
21
2
3,987
' 2,377
1,610
188
46
142
.
6,842
CENTRALE
(Mexique): Total
. .
Chimique •
Mécanique •
A S I E : Total
Chimique
Mécanique
Corée et KouanToung: Total . . .
13
Chimique
Mécanique
Japon : Total . . . .
Chimique
Mécanique
Sakhaline: Total
Chimique
Mécanique
332
325
93
239
. .
3
22
2
25
|3
3
281
31
322
335
312
273
100
222
108
227
91
221
59
214
64
217
8
23
164
215
242
278
310
287
264
29
164
203
12
223
19
244
34
266
251
36
235
29
25
3
U.R.S.S.: Total .
Chimique
Mécanique
,
.
138
68
70
.
E U R O P E (sans
l'U.R.S.S.): Total
Chimique
Mécanique
Allemagne: Total
Chimique
Mécanique .
Autriche: Total
Chimique
Mécanique
Chimique
.
Mécanique .
.
Chimique
Mécanlquo
I t a l i e : Total
Chimique
Mécanique
Chimique
Mécanique
.
Pays-Bas 2 : Total
Chimique
Mécanique
.
•5,280
•2,908
1,891
1,986
1,729
1,642
1,700
»71
727
1,073
818
1,149
837
966
763
9137
676
1,008
602
279
287
311
312
283
310
183
103
04
207
104
216
06
200
83
222
88
32
46
62
83
76
78
14
18
20
20
40
22
68
15
131
16
777
896
1,084
405
282
584
312
.
Royaume-Uni
s
Tot
Chimique • .
Mécanlquo *
Suède: Total .
Chimique
Mécanique
.
.
85
.
Pour les notes, voir p . 20.
1,263
65
13
1,379
712
372
870
893
919
460
160
185
220
70
160
50
50
60
100
00
125
51
71
•70
•82
64
75
15
19
6
16
'"22
755
819
48
882
45
551
40
900
50
855
333
422
373
446
405
477
199
352
418
482
393
462
75
83
89
91
97
98
42
83
45
38
47
42
42
49
40
57
40
68
97
97
93
99
62
35
66
37
5
4
38
32
37
30
5
30
8
23
9
2
1
165
205
214
140
26
130
75
124
90
2,103
1,900
2,198
1,996
1,570
524
1,369
541
1,649
549
1,498
408
30
29
25
6
24
5
170
145
25
1,927
1,450
477
120
120
59
38
35
53
32
R o u m a n i e : Total
Chimique
Mécanique
85
85
.
•8,188
1,698
Pologne: Total
Chlmlquo
Mécanique
206
277
4,662
2,682
3
50
Lettonie: Total
Lithuanle: Total
(Chini.) * . .
Norvège: Total
483
185
251
7,344
14
.
436
185
224
4,495
2,619
59
.
409
7,114
50
35
Chimiquo • .
Mécanique *
86
84 i
7,069
4,447
2,622
85
F r a n c e : Total *
170
2,476
443
232
.
73
8,864
4,388
675
F i n l a n d e : Total
7e
6,218
3.975
2,243
.
Estonie: Total
149
225
13
9
2,563
1.05
61
Section 3 (suite)
TABLEAU 4 .
PÂTE
DE BOIS (CHIMIQUE
TABLE 4 . WOOD P U L P (CHEMICAL AND
P r o d u c t i o n e n m i l l i e r s d e t o n n e s m é t r i q u e s ( p o i d s sec) —
Suisse: Total
. . . .
Chimique
Mécanique
Tchécoslovaquie: Tot.*
Chimique •
Mécanique •
Autres pays *: Total *.
Chimique *
Mécanique *
MONDE ENTIER: Total .
Chimique
Mécanique
Prix moyen en jrancs-or :
par f C h i m i q u e .
tonne . \ Mécanique
SUÈDE S
ET
MÉGANIQU
MECHANICAL)
(
P r o d u c t i o n in t h o
66
66
76
75
77
67
66
42
24
41
25
46
30
46
30
42
35
37
30
36
30
40
30
224
256
285
322
313
315
290
315
171
53
200
50
235
60
247
75
-.38
75
240
75
220
70
245
70
61
62
62
64
85
29
33
29
33
29
35
63
69
28
33
64
28
35
29
40
56
13,930
14,625
15,348
17,186
16,776
15,207
14,402
•16,190
7.881
6,049
8,438
6,187
8,825
6,523
10,018
8.739
6,468
8,377
7,168
9,715
7,061
•9,735
6,45
260.61
124.17
234.46
118.44
205.99
99.64
297.65
153.18
278.51
130.57
206.76
120.57
29
35
SOUHCES: Statistiques nationales officielles; rapport spécial fourni p a r
l'Association suédoise des fabricants de cellulose.
* E s t i m a t i o n s ou chiffres provisoires.
i E t a t s - U n i s , chim.: non compris la p â t e semi-chimique.
2 P a y s - B a s : principalement p â t e de paille.
3 R o y a u m e - U n i : principalement p â t e de sparte.
4 Autres p a y s : Belgique, Espagne, Portugal.
5 Calculé d'après les valeurs de production données dans les statistiques officielles.
6,025
130.91
59.01
70
30
114.45
55.23
S O U R C E S : National
t h e Swedish Cellulose A
* E s t i m a t e or prov
i United States, eh
2 N e t h e r l a n d s : main
s United Kingdom:
4
Other countries: B
s Calculated from t h
E x t r a i t de l'Annuaire statistique de la Société des Nations, 1935/36, pp. 1
Reprinted from t h e Statistical Year-Booh oj the League of Nations, 1935
Section 3 (suite)
TABLEAU 5 . LIN (FILASSE): SUPERFICIE CULTIVÉE ET
TABLE 5 . FLAX ( F I B R E ) : CULTIVATED AREA AND P
SUPERFICIE — ARFA
Milliers d'hectares
—
PRODUOTION
Hectares (OOO's)
Milliers de quintaux — Quin
Pay»
1925-1920
AFRIQUE (Egypte)
1.3
Chypre
Japon
U.R.S.S:
EUROPE I (sans l'U.R.S.S.)
Allemagne t
Autriche 2
Belgique
Bulgarie
Espagne
Estonie
Finlande s
France
Hongrie
Irlande, Etat libre 4 . .
Italie
Lettonie
Lithuanie s
Pays-Bas
Pologne
Roumanie
Royaume-Uni* . . . .
Suède »
Tchécoslovaquie . . . .
Yougoslavie
TOTAL
1026-1929
•1936
1932
1933
10
6
7
1
15
37
31
20
4
0.6
13
0.8
13
0.8
14
1
36
1
30
2
2
1931
14
20
4
1,348
2,395
2,110
2,107
2,980
5,500
5,000
5,50
460
300
360
•460
* 2,260
1,300
950
1,23
(20)
4
24
0.2
1
36
5
31
3
3
7
66
85
15
113
20
13
1
21
13
1,820
Prix en francs-or par quintal:
\
Prices in gold francs per quintal: j
Pour les notes, voir p. 22.
1.4
1934
14
. . . .
ASIE (sans l'U.R.S.S.) . .
1933
(5)
2
11
0.5
0.7
17
5
15
8
0.4
3
42
55
5
95
19
4
7
H
2,710
TJ j„„_.,_,..
0NDHES
(9)
2
14
1
0.7
21
5
23
15
0.9
4
46
61
6
106
26
6
0.2
10
11
2,490
,,:„„ ,
- «>Sa ZK
(22)
2
19
2
(31
13
11
(a) 10
263
1
6
100
14
267
21
12
26
221
364
115
564
25
60
2
108
82
7
115
2
6
59
14
63
60
1
22
130
212
44
343
71
14
1
34
98
4
68
1
5
39
15
55
23
1
22
94
143
15
256
56
12
1
33
106
* 2,580
•5,290
6,840
5,980
78
70
91
92
29
5
33
16
2
68
79
9
123
31
11
/ moy. X-IX (6)
\
XII
16
5
1
9
3
1
12
18
3
26
6
2
3
9
6,78
85
70
NOTES AU TABLEAU 5 — NOTES TO TABLE
SOUBCE : Tableau communiqué par l'Institut international d'Agriculture.
SOURCE : Table communicated by the International Institute of Agriculture.
JVoIe. — Les statistiques relatives à la production du lin se rapportent
au lin teille, y compris — mais pas toujours — l'étoupe.
* Estimation.
t Pays non compris dans les totaux.
• (a) 1927-1929.
(6) Campagnes (1.X-30.IX) 1931/32-1935/36.
i Europe: non compris l'Allemagne.
2 Autriche: les données originales sont exprimées en tiges sèches (lin en
paille); elles ont été réduites en lin teille au taux de: 100 kg. detiges sèches
= 15 kg. de lin teille.
s Finlande, Lithuanie, Suède: lin et chanvre. La production de filasse de
chanvre en Lithuanie s'élève à environ 30.000 quintaux.
* Royaume-Uni (seulement l'Irlande du Nord), Etat libre d'Irlande:
production de lin teille, non compris l'étoupe.
Noie. — The statistic
to scutched flax, usuall
* Estimate.
t Countries not inclu
(a) 1927-1929
(b) Commercial year
i Europe: excluding
2 Austria: the origina
converted at the rate of
s Finland, Lithuania
flbre in Lithuania amo
* United Kingdom (N
in terms of scutched fl
Extrait de l'Annuaire statistique de la Société des Nations, 1935/36, p
Section 3 (suite)
TABLEAU 6. JUTE: SUPERFICIE ET PRODUC
TABLE 6. JUTE: AREA AND PRODUCTIO
SUPERFICIE — ABBA
Miniera d'hectares
—
PttODUOTIOK
Müllen de q u i n t a u x — Quí
Hectares (000'e)
Pay»
1925-1929
1933
1934
2.4
1,367
0.5
0.6
2.9
1,019
0.3
0.6
5.1
1,080
0.3
0.6
•1936
1925-1929
1931
1932
193
38
18,688
4
10
39
10,055
*4
10
46
12,831
*2
11
14,4
18,740
10,108
•12,890
•14,5
113
116
88
1
35
36
28
25
ASIE:
Formose .
Inde (brit.)
Indochine i
Japon . .
Total 2 . . .
1,370
1,020
1,086
Nepal (E.) s
Prix en francs-or
Prices in gold francs
(p. quintal) :
LONDRES « First Marks •
788
•800
VII-VI (a)
XII
*
SOURCE: Tableau communiqué par l'Institut international d'Agriculture.
SOURCE : Table communicated by the International Institute of Agriculture.
• Estimation.
(a) Campagnes (1.VII-30.VI) 1931/32-1935/36.
i2 Annam et Tonkin seulement.
Non compris le Nepal.
•'> Importation du Nepal en Inde.
• Estimate.
(a) Commercial years
i Annam and Tonki
2 Not including Nep
3 Imports from Nepa
Extrait de VAnnuaire statistique de la Société des Nations, 1935/36,
Reprinted from the Statisltcal Year-Booh of the League of Nations,
Section 3 (suite)
TABLEAU
7 . CHANVRE
TABLE
(FILASSE)
7. HEMP
ET CHANVRE
(FIBRE)
DE MANILLE:
AND MANILA
HEMP:
1934
1934/35
AMÉRIQUE DU SÜD:
Chili
A S I E (sans l'U.R.S.S.) . .
Chypre
Corée
Japon
Syrie
1931
1931/32
•1935
1935/36
a) Chanvre
(a) 1.8
CULTIVATED
A
PaODDOTION
Milliers de q u i n t a u x — Quin
SuFEaFlclE — A R E A
Milliers d'hectares — H e c t a r e s (000's)
1933
1933/34
SUPERF
véritable
1932
1932/33
—- (a) True
1933
1933/3
hemp
(a) 23
40
34
44
311
282
295
28
0.2
29
8
3
0.1
27
0.1
37
1
208
85
17
1
196
72
13
198
83
14
7
U.R.S.S
907
711
546
521
3,189
2,278
1,742
1,56
E U R O P E (sans l'U.R.S.S.)
233
194
209
250
1,950
1,360
1,330
1,4
97
34
46
7
43
1
14
72
49
85
1,007
193
167
75
288
1
15
38
42
51
536
144
272
42
219
1
17
41
24
64
553
101
259
60
213
'820
•300
5,470
2,280
* 3,940
* 1,660
* 3,390
» 1,650
69.0
66.S
77.8
75.S
Autriche i
Bulgarie
Espagne
France 2
Hongrie
Italie
Pologne
Roumanie
Tchécoslovaquie . . .
Yougoslavie
. . . .
TOTAL 3
»
sans l'U.R.S.S. .
0.4
4
6
5
10
95
30
41
U
31
1,182
275
0.3
5
3
2
9
57
32
48
8
30
940
230
0.3
6
4
3
11
64
32
46
7
37
'800
'250
0.4
7
1 MILAN, qualité / moy. — aver. X - I X
Prices in gold francs per quintal : i
Bologna
l
(5)
XII
5
1
2
2
• 3,3
' 1,7
7S.
77.
b ) Chanvre
de Manille
— (b) Manila
Hem
Asili:
Philippines
390
358
459
1,855
\ LONDRES,
f moy. — aver. I - X I I
Prices in gold francs per quintal : / q u a l i t é ^ ' J 2 • * l
(6)
XII
1,622
1,304
1,34
43
36
33
31
27
24
SOURCE: Tableau communiqué par l'Institut international d'Agriculture.
SOURCE: Table communicated by the International Institute of Agriculture.
* Estimation.
(a) 1925-1926 1929
(6) Campagnes (1.X-30.IX) 1931/32-1935/36; XII. 1931-1935.
Note. — La partie a) du tableau se réfère seulement au chanvre proprement dit, cannabis sativa, et ne comprend pas la production de sisal,
d'aloès, de certaines espèces de lin, etc., qui figurent parfois sous le nom de
chanvre. De faibles quantités de chanvre de Manille sont également produites
aux Indes néerlandaises.
1
Autriche: les données originales indiquent la production en tiges sèches;
elles
ont été réduites sur la base de 100 kg. de tiges sèches = 15 kg. de filasse.
2
Hongrie:
y compris la production de la culture intercalaire.
!1
Le total ne comprend ni la Turquie (29.000 quintaux en 1927), ni les
Etats-Unis (avec une production qui s'est élevée en 1919 à plus de 33.000
quintaux).
4
A partir de décembre 1933, qualité • J ».
* Estimate.
(a) 1925-1926, 1929.
(6) Commercial years
Note. — Part (a) of
and does not include th
which are sometimes re
are produced in the Net
i Austria: the origin
converted at the rate o
- Hungary : including
s The total does no
the U.S.A. (with a pro
* From December 19
Extrait de YAnnuaire'jtatistique de-la Société des Nations, 1935/36,
Reprinted from the Statistical Year-Booh of the League of Nations,
Section 4: Quantités consommées par l'industrie textile ou
Section 4: Mill consumption or available su
TABLEAU
1.
CONSOMMATION
TABLE
1.
MILL
(En
1928/29
vm-t
U-VII
Europe ( s a u f U . R . S3.S.) 2,218
729
Royaume-Uni
Allemagne . .
356
303
252
Tchécoslovaquie
124
Belgique
. .
111
Espagne
. .
104
Pologne
. .
73
31
45
Pays-Bas
. .
3
6
Autriche
. .
54
A u t r e s p a y s e u rop.
320
306
254
119
93
94
53
29
45
34
73
U.R.S.S.
.
.
.
Etats-Unis
Mexique
. .
Brésil
. . .
1929/30
vm-i
DE
CONSUMPTION
millions
1930/31
Il-VII
VIII-I
2,159 1,879 1,746
705
521
477
330
317
271
296
286
292
224
258
188
104
104
118
98
86
108
101
98
101
54
60
59
27
28
30
49
48
49
25
23
30
72
72
75
COTON
OF
de livres —
PAR
RAW
In
LES
F
COTTON
million
1932/33
1931/32
II-VII
BRUT
lbs.
1933/34
vin-i
II-VII
Villi
II-VII
VIII-I
II-V
1,668 1,819
487
595
261
309
262
249
190
194
92
88
76
79
96
94
51
46
26
26
47
40
22
26
62
69
1,733
590
290
199
199
79
59
111
52
24
33
26
71
1,791
544
291
265
203
81
74
104
66
25
38
19
81
1,881 2,059
644
589
324
375
301
288
226
229
65
69
05
67
97
115
65
73
24
28
36
40
21
31
90
78
1,98
60
39
26
21
8
6
9
6
2
4
3
10
431
402
441
364
364
268
294
297
285
292
37
1,452
396
590
466
1,549
411
631
507
1,697
472
677
548
1,741
510
635
596
1,626
506
538
582
1,678 1,762
526
551
582
623
570
588
1.744
575
647
522
1,911
570
650
691
1,859
519
698
642
1,855
517
727
611
1,90
51
76
61
1,835
1,651
53
33
98
1,925
1,745
62
32
1,779
1,587
51
50
91
1,494
1,337
51
36
70
1,327
1,179
49
30
69
1,507 1,449
1,340 1,259
54
56
29
40
84
94
1,226
1,071
44
24
87
1,506
1,344
42
31
89
1,757 1,595
1,588 1,398
45
58
37
41
87
98
1,53
1,32
5
4
10
63
54
6,056
6,139
5,532
100
8
5,901
5,79
S O U R C E : J o i n t C o m m i t t e e of Cotton T r a d e Organisations ( M a n c h e s t e r ) : Cotton Trade Statistics,
193
Autres
Ensemble
pays
. . . .
des pays
.
94
6,030
57
308
5,120
68
5,229
50
5,348
76
5,073
93
5,598
92
5,874
Section 4 (suite)
TABLEAU 2 . QUANTITÉS DISPONIBLES DE LAINE BRUTE DANS LES PA
TABLE 2 . AVAILABLE SUPPLIES OF BAW WOOL IN
CONSUMIN
(En millions de livres, poids réel — In million lbs.
1928
1029
1930
1931
1932
1933
523.2
553.4
394.3
(a)
150.6
82.5
109.2
38.6
46.4
29.9
36.5
23.7
17.9
20.0
13.4
13.8
15.5
17.0
10.2
6.7
6.4
3.2
5.0
556.3
605.6
381.5
480.3
163.8
77.8
132.5
44.5
46.8
31.5
41.4
24.7
18.5
20.0
14.2
12.1
14.0
20.3
11.5
4.1
6.3
4.3
5.0
590.5
617.2
362.3
374.0
163.3
80.4
125.5
41.7
46.2
34.3
38.2
21.4
20.4
20.0
12.3
13.7
13.0
17.2
16.9
5.9
7.2
4.2
5.0
677.6
503.7
335.1
285.7
142.1
84.5
103.7
44.9
45.0
34.2
39.0
22.7
18.5
20.0
13.5
14.8
13.3
14.1
15.7
6.9
7.5
5.0
5.0
690.6
514.4
341.5
200.1
198.0
90.0
88.7
38.7
44.5
32.2
32.0
23.7
22.5
20.0
14.0
13.2
14.9
17.7
16.0
9.3
8.0
5.5
5.0
669.2
600.8
374.6
198.9
224.9
83.0
73.3
47.0
45.5
34.2
31.2
21.2
19.5
20.0
13.9
14.6
17.5
20.4
14.3
9.6
7.6
5.9
5.0
. . .
2,597.7
2,717.0
2,030.8
2,452.5
2,440.5
2,552.1
Amérique:
Etats-Unis
Argentine ( ' ) . • • •
Canada
Brésil (b)
Pérou (b)
Chili (/)
Mexique (/)
Uruguay (/)
617.7
22.0
24.8
30.0
12.0
6.6
6.4
2.6
672.3
26.0
25.6
30.0
12.0
5.6
8.0
2.6
588.6
29.0
25.0
30.0
12.0
5.2
8.7
2.6
623.7
31.0
25.8
30.0
12.0
5.4
6.7
2.6
498.2
44.0
2.5.3
30.0
12.0
7.5
4.8
2.6
610.7
55.0
21.8
30.0
12.0
(e)
(e)
2.6
722.1
782.1
701.1
737.2
624.4
744.4
Vljf
Europe :
Royaume-Uni . . . .
France
Allemagne
U.R.S.S
Italie
• Espagne
Belgique
Pologne
Roumanie
Yougoslavie
Tchécoslovaquie . . .
Bulgarie
Suisse
Portugal (6)
. . . .
Suède
Grèce
E t a t s baltes
. . . .
Autriche
Pays-Bas
Hongrie
Norvège
Danemark (c) . . . .
E t a t libre d'Irlande (b)
Total (d)
Total (g)
Pour les notes, voir p. SS.
Section 4 (suite)
TABLEAU
2
TABLE
(suite)
2
(continu
Paya
1938
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
.4 sie:
Japon
I n d e (b)
Chine (b)
Iran (b)
Turquie
Irak
Syrie et Liban (b) . .
114.8
50.0
40.0
40.0
31.8
2.2
5.5
107.1
50.0
40.0
40.0
24.1
2.7
5.5
114.6
50.0
40.0
40.0
30.0
6.9
5.5
189.1
50.0
40.0
40.0
32.0
6.9
5.5
204.2
50.0
40.0
40.0
34.5
9.6
5.5
238.8
50.0
40.0
40.0
28.5
4.9
5.5
284.3 ,
269.4
286.9
363.5
383.8
407.7
42.0
3.5
44.0
3.3
35.0
3.3
52.0
3.9
68.0
4.0
Total (h)
Oceanic :
Australie (/)
. . . .
Nouvelle-Zélande (/) .
Total
Ensemble des pays (i) .
37.0
4.1
41.1
45.5
47.3
38.3
55.9
72.0
3,645.2
3,814.0
3,666.1
3,591.5
3,504.6
3,776.2
(a) Les données manquent; on a porté dans le total le chiffre de 1929.
(b) Estimation fixe générale.
(c) Y compris les peignés.
(d) Y compris une estimation fixe de 25 millions de livres pour le Portugal
et l'Etat libre d'Irlande.
(e) Les données manquent; on a porté dans le total le chiffre de l'année
précédente.
(/) Chiffre estimatif de la consommation.
(g) Y compris une estimation fixe de 42 millions de livres pour le Brésil
et le Pérou.
(h) Y compris une estimation fixe de 135,5 millions de livres pour l'Inde,
la Chine, l'Iran, et la Syrie et le Liban.
(i) Y compris les estimations fixes suivantes:
Portugal
Etat libre d'Irlande
Irish Free State
Brésil — Brazil . .
Pérou — Peru
Inde — India .Chine — China
Iran
Syrie et Liban — Syria and Lebanon
Total
(a) Not available; as
(b) General fixed est
(c) Includes tops.
(d) Includes fixed es
Free State.
(e) Not available; as
(/) Consumption esti
ig) Includes fixed est
(h) Includes fixed es
and Syria and Lebanon
(¿) Includes the follo
SOURCE: ROYAUME-UNI — UNITED KINGDOM: Imperial Economic Commit ee: World Consumption
Section 4 (suite)
TABLEAU 3. SOIE GRÈGE
TABLE 3. R A W S
Production ou exportation en tonnes métriques. — Production or ex
1920
Pays
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
AMÉÏUQUIS DU S U D
(Brésil)
. . . .
A S I E (sans l'U.Tl.S.S.) i
Corde
Japon
Syrie et Liban .
Chine (E.) a » .
Inde (brit.) (E.) a
Indochine fr. (E.) 2 +
tran (E.) (a) s . . .
U.R.S.S. * '•>
E U R O P E (sans l'U.R.S.S.).
Bulgarie . . .
Espagne . . .
France
Grece
Hongrie . . .
Italie
Roumanie . .
Tchécoslovaquie
Turquie . . .
Yougoslavie. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
TOTAL
14
20
21
21
26
40
50
6
• 44,830
47,290
51,490
54,335
52,273
52,469
47,306
48,82
726
888
34,349
37,051
39,691
1,050
42,340
1,323
42,619
1,432
43,811
1,264
41,590
1,59
42,16
265
270
280
290
245
230
146
11
9,173
8,860
10,193
10,193
7,795
6,831
4,165
4,76
212
68
131
189
208
18
230
104
9
178
64
3
98
26
156
198
32
208
115
13
900
860
1,150
1,280
1,550
1,670
850
1,23
4,653
5,527
5,756
5,797
5,747
3,907
4,466
4,12
155
85
240
100
40
170
83
295
125
30
105
79
205
175
35
200
74
195
175
45
185
58
140
175
65
100
44
80
200
40
110
42
78
215
50
10
3
7
21
5
3,855
4,627
4,836
4,826
4,882
3,286
3,775
3,40
30
3
70
80
30
2
80
85
40
1
125
95
40
2
135
105
40
2
95
105
25
2
85
45
16
2
140
38
19
3
50,397
53,697
58,417
61,433
59,596
58,086
52,872
54,24
69.S9
72.28
64.50
03.47
59.82
60.13
53.82
47.55
35.61
30.13
25.54
21.49
18.66
16.50
15.67
13.85
38
—
5
1
Priât en fr.-or p a r hg.:
M I L A N , classique (
8/10 à 12/14
moy.
1 XII
Pour les noies, voir p . 30.
NOTES AU TABLEAU 3
NOTES TO TABLE 3
SOURCES: Union des Marchands de soie de Lyon: Statistique de la produclion de la soie en France el à
agricole. International Year-Book of Agricultural Statistics. — Statistiques nationales de com
and Economic Annual of Japan.
* Estimation. (E.) Exportations.
(a) Douze mois finissant le 21.Ill de l'année suivante.
(6) Moy. I-VIII. (c) VIII.
i Asie: les chiffres, en partie basés sur les exportations, sont de beaucoup
inférieurs à la production.
2 Chine, Inde, Indochine, Iran: y compris les cocons, qui ont été réduits
en 3 soie grège au moyen des coefficients appropriés.
Chine: y compris la Mandchourie pour toutes les années. Depuis 1933,
y compris les exportations de Mandchourie en Chine.
* Indochine: production évaluée à 170 tonnes dans les années récentes.
s U.R.S.S.: chiffres calculés d'après la production de cocons (12 kg. de
cocons = 1 kg. de soie grège).
* Estimate. (E.) Exp
(a) Twelve months en
(6) Av. I-VIII. (c) V
i Asia: the figures, wh
actual production.
s China, India, Indo-C
reduced to raw silk by m
s China: including Ma
from Manchuria to Chin
* Indo-China: product
s U.S.S.R. : estimated
= 1 kg. of raw silk).
Extrait de l'Annuaire statistique de la Société desNations, 1935/36
Reprinted from the Statistica! Year-Booh of the League o Nations,
Section 4 (suite)
TABLEAU 4. RAYONNE
(SOIE ARTIFICIELLE)
TABLE 4 . RAY
Production en tonnes métriques — Production in me
AMÉRIQUE DU NORD *. .
Canada *
Etats-Unis
AMÉRIQUE
29,310
35,410
45,691
56,768
60,207
70,865
64,306
100,34
873
28,437
1,138
34,272
1,587
44,104
1,701
55,067
2,449
57,758
2,426
68,439
3,220
61,086
3,5
96,8
130
350
410
330
280
450
640
2,268
4,762
7,553
11,664
16,311
21,539
34,367
•100
•100
«150
•300
600
1,600
2,600
3,9
64,940
93,170
109,450
126,780
124,220
132,560
141,240
161,7
11,213
1,300
0,000
112
7,940
23
300
16,682
4,500
932
11,561
MO
3,326
936
18,744
1,750
7,500
143
9,525
14
400
24,406
5,800
1,600
17,600
138
4,078
1,474
26,472
22,188
1,550
1,400
6,800 . 7,300
502
900
13,620
16,780
45
—
350
300
25,998
32,342
6,800
8,000
2,382
2,654
22,856
23,751
151
153
4,545
4,640
1,705
2,046
26,754
787
5,750
1,523
18,140
35
337
30,390
8,000
2,727
22,668
211
4,592
2,303
28,074
28,173
408
4,330
2,160
23,000
70
32,8
4
4,9
2,2
26,0
32,532
9,000
3,364
31,231
293
4,029
2,553
38,2
8,7
3,6
37,3
2
4,1
2,7
96,750
133,790
163,250
195,840
201,620
227,010
243,150
311,2
io.ss
11.SO
10.OS
8.29
7.56
7.46
7.62
7.36
7.06
6.99
6.89
4.77
4.61
DU S U D :
(Brésil) *
90
A S I E (sans l'O.R.S.S.):
(Japon)
U.R.S.S
E U R O P E (sans l'U.R.S.S.) *
Allemagne i
Autriche
Belgique
Espagne *
France *
Grece
Hongrie *
Italie 2
Pays-Bas •
Pologne
Royaume-Uni 3 . . . .
Suùde
Suisse *
Tchécoslovaquie •
. .
TOTAL *
—
4,500
1,639
20,000
45
97
34,272
8,500
3,643
24,150
261
4,585
2,792
44,3
Prix en ¡r.-or par kg.:
M'T.AN, N° 1 blan- f moy.
... «• 140/165
l XII
Pour les noies, voir p. 32.
11.97
5.04
5.29
SOURCES: Statistiques officielles nationales. — Statistiques des organisations de producteurs.
SOURCES: National official statistics. — Statistics of Producers' Organisations.
Note. — Ce tableau se réfère à la production des fils de rayonne (soie artificielle) proprement dits, et ne comprend pas. sauf avis contraire, les autres
textiles artificiels, tels que la schappe artificielle (« staple fibre »), les
filés de déchets de rayonne, les crins artificiels, les lamés Visca, etc.. Pour
certains pays où les chiffres de production ne sont pas divulgués ou relevés,
le tableau donne des estimations plus ou moins approximatives.
On estime que la production mondiale des fibres textiles artificielles a
passé de 4.100 tonnes en 1929 à 74.000 tonnes environ en 1935.
JVote. — This table
properly so called, ex
and yarns, such as st
straw, etc. Where p
approximate estimate
* Estimation ou chiffre provisoire.
(a) Moy. I-VIII. (b) VIII.
i Allemagne: à partir de 1932, y compris la schappe artificielle, crins,
lamés, etc.
Îtalie: à partir de 1933, y compris la schappe artificielle.
3*Royaume-Uni: y compris lamés.
• Estimate or prov
(a) Av. I-VIII. (6
i Germany: from 1
and2 horsehair, etc.
Italy: from 1933
3 United Kingdom
World production
4,100 metric tons in 1
Extrait de l'Annuaire statistique de la Société des Nations, 1935/
Reprinted from the Statistical Year-Booh of the League of Nations
— 33 —
Section 4 (suite)
TABLEAU 5 . PRODUCTION DE LA SCHAPPE ARTIFICIELLE
(STAPLE FIBRE), 1929-1935
TABLE 5. PRODUCTION OF RAYON STAPLE FIBRE, 1929-1935
(En millions de livres — I n million lbs.)
Pays
Allemagne . . . .
Etats-Unis
France .
Italie . .
Japon . .
Pays-Bas
Pologne .
Royaume-Uni
Total des pays
ci-dessus . .
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
3.5
0.5
(a)
1.7
5.5
0.4
(a)
0.7
5.5
0.9
(a)
1.4
—
—
—•
6.6
1.1
1.6
9.4
0.6
9.9
2.1
2.2
11.0
1.0
16.52.2
4.4
22.0
4.7
(a)
2.6
(a)
0.7
(a)
1.2
0.4
2.2
0.4
2.8
0.7
3.3
30.0
5.0
8.0
66.0
13.6
0.5
0.7
10.0
8.3
7.3
9.0
21.9
29.4
53.8
133.8
Country
Germany
United S t a t e s
France
Italy
Japan
Netherlands
Poland
United Kingdom
Total (above
countries)
(a) Certaine production probable, mais en quantité inconnue, considérée comme nulle pour le
total. — Some production probable; amount not reported, and assumed nil in total.
SOURCE:
ROTAUME-UNI
Fibres, 1936, p. 97.
—
UNITED
KINGDOM:
Imperial Economic Committee:
VOL
Industrial
n.
3
Section 5: Répartition internationale de la production
Section 5: International distribution of output of texti
TABLEAU 1. PRODUCTION DE FILES DE COTON DANS LES PRIN
TABLE 1. PRODUCTION OF COTTON YARN, PRINCIPAL COUN
(En millions de livres —• In million lbs.)
Fays
Royaume-Uni
France . . .
Belgique .
Allemagne
Italie
. .
Pays-Bas .
Autriche .
Inde . . .
Japon . .
Chine. . .
U.R.S.S. .
Etats-Unis
1924
. . . .
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1,395
386
647
829
246
547
438
682
975
719
418
525
505
468
439
87
51
789
1,043
638
394
97
64
824
1,012
841
671
2,991
535
152
611
446
106
60
627
981
698
484
110
55
807
1,117
943
778
2,906
1930
1,047
543
135
406
109
44
861
1,010
660
1931
1932
114
40
9
338
96
37
7
932
1,027
1,02
1,12
91
SOUKCE: Joint Committee of Cotton Trade Organisations (Manchester): Cotton Trade Statistics, 1936
Section 5 (suite)
TABLEAU 2 .
PRODUCTION
TABLE
Paya
DE
TISSUS
2 . PRODUCTION
1926
1927
DE
COTON
O F COTTON
1928
192!)
EN PIÈCES
PIECE
193U
GOODS,
1931
DANS
LES
PRINCIPAL
1932
1933
En millions de yards linéaires — In million linear
Royaume-Uni . . . .
Japon (tissus larges) .
(tissus étroits) .
Inde
Chine
France
Italie (o)
Canada
Brésil
U.R.S.S
2,616
1,659
2,226
1,465
1,025
756
2,330
2,724
1,752
2,372
360
1,355
886
229
760
2,586
3,018
1,625
1,860
964
242
689
2,842
2,358
590
1,043
210
700
3,188
3,179
2,904
1,396
2,519
3,126
1,481
2.900
1,366
842
186
1,151
727
180
3,408
1,294
3,204
810
1,114
730
187
2,467
2,295
2,025
E n millions de y a r d s carrés —
Royaume-Uni . . . .
Etats-Unis
Japon (tissus larges et
étroits)
In million
3,183
4,015
1,202
2,943
805
83
21
2,83
square
(3,504
7,886
(3,399)
8,863
2,965
3,095
8,406
3,335
6,989
3,159
3,394
3 605
E n milliers de q u i n t a u x — In t h o u s a n d
Royaume-Uni
Allemagne
Belgique
Pays-Bas
Italie
Inde
. . . .
2,164
631
(2,536)
666
(1,291)
(1,928)
614
684
(1,406)
(2,434)
490
627
(1,140)
(2,590)
JVote. — Les chiffres entre parenthèses sont des équivalents.
(a) Y compris les tissus mixtes de coton et rayonne fabriquas par
l'industrie du coton.
quin
(3,60
(3,450)
582
(1,360)
(2,354)
4,15
467
528
(998)
(2,907)
371
403
(1,007)
(3,137)
38
39
(1,17
(2,88
JVoie. — Figures in br
(a)
Includes cotton-r
S O U R C E S : Joint Committee of Cotton Trade Organisations (Manchester): Cotton Trade Statistics,
Board of Trade Journal, 28 J a n u a r y 1937.
193
Section 5 (suite)
TABLEAU 3 . PRODUCTION DE PEIGNÉS DE LAINE DANS LES PRINCIPAUX
TABLE 3 . PRODUCTION OF WOOL TOPS, PRINCIPAL MANUFACTURI
(En millions de livres ^— In million lbs.)
Pays
Allemagne (a)
{
Etats-Unis (6)
France (c)
Italie (d)
Japon (e)
Royaume-Uni ( / ) . . . .
1924
1928
146
82.0
161.5
286
1929
74.9
153.5
1930
74.5
(71.8)
139.6
39.5
44.6
224
(a) Les chiffres de 1928 et 1933 qui figurent à la,première ligne sont ceux
du recensement officiel de la production; les chiffres de la seconde ligne
représentent la production annuelle des établissements de peignage à façon,
qui fournissent environ 70 pour cent de la production allemande totale.
(b) Moyenne de l'activité mensuelle des peigneuses, en pourcentage
de leur fonctionnement à plein horaire (considérée comme étant de 53 heures
par semaine, 1 équipe).
(c) Quantité de peignés de laine traités au cours de chaque année par les
établissements de peignage à façon, dont on estime qu'ils traitent environ
75 pour cent de la production française de peignés de laine.
(d) Total annuel des stocks de peignés en fin de mois des établissements de
peignage à façon de l'Italie; le total de 1935 ne concerne que les 9 premiers
mois; la production réelle de 1933 a été estimée à environ 40 millions de
livres.
(e) Selon les données publiées par l'Association japonaise des industries
lainières.
(/) Recensement officiel.
1931
75.9
(88.9)
131.0
33.4
70.5
1932
81.3
(69.4)
134.2
37.2
80.7
1933
133
93.5
(97.3)
161.7
42.7
90.4
310
(a) Thefiguresfor 19
by the official Census of
the annual output of com
of Germany's total outp
(b) Average of mon
of full-time operation (as
(c) Quantity of wo
commission combing est
75 per cent, of France's
(d) End-of-month sto
in Italy, summated year
actual output for 1933 h
(e) According to fig
Association.
(/) Official Census da
SOURCE: ROYAUME-UNI —UNITED KINGDOM: Imperial Economic Committee: World Consumption of W
Section 5 (suite)
TABLEAU 4 . PRODUCTION
DES FILES DE LAINE CARDÉE ET P E I G N É E
DANS L
1924-1935
TABLE
4 . PRODUCTION
OF W O O L L E N
AND W O R S T E D
YARN, PRINCIPAL
MA
(En millions de livres — In million lbs.)
Pay»
Allemagne (a):
Filés de laine cardée .
•
» peignée .
Argentine (6)
Australie (c)
Espagne (d)
E t a t s - U n i s (a) (e):
Filés de laine cardée
•
» peignée .
»
» cardée et
peignée
France (6)
Grèce (o)
Hongrie (h) . . . . .
.
Italie (i)
J a p o n (j)
Pologne (a):
»
•
peignée .
Royaume-Uni (a):
»
» peignée .
Suède (a):
Filés de laine cardée
»
•
peignée .
Tchécoslovaquie (h) . .
U.R.S.S. (a) « ) . . . .
165
135
32
(11.5)
154
146
37
(10.5)
39
(H.8)
29
(13.3)
41
(14.1)
55
(11.8)
(45.6)
(142)
(34.2)
(28.8)
(135)
(32.8)
64.3
55.0
77.6
89.7
100
101.4
41.4
24.3
29.7
21.4
31.3
24.5
25.3
21.4
28.7
23.4
247
181
(151)
(146)
(58.1)
} 70.0 {
(159)
(50.9)
312
214
200
162
16.2
6.9
109
16.4
6.3
126
16.1
157
283
223
13.3
5.9
161
14.0
7.3
157
15.8
8.1
147
NOTES AU TABLEAU 4.
(a) Recensement officiel.
(6) D'après les estimations de la « Confederación Argentina de Industrias
Textiles •.
(c) Estimation de la consommation de laine brute (sur la base de la laine
en suint), moins production des peignés; le rapport du poids en suint au
poids réel a été évalué à 105.
(d) "Volume des filés conditionnés à Sabadelle et Tarrasa; on estime qu'à
Sabadelle on procède au conditionnement de 70 à 75 pour cent de la production de peignés et filés de laine, et à Tarrasa de 60 à 70 pour cent également.
Sur la base des quantités disponibles de laine brute, on peut évaluer à environ
35 millions de livres la production annuelle de filés de laine en Espagne;
la production des peignés peut être estimée, pour les principaux centres de
fabrication, à 16 millions de livres par année.
(e) Les indices d'activité des machines indiquent pour 1933 une diminution de la production, en particulier des filés de laine peignée; nouvelle
diminution en 1934; relèvement brusque de la production en 1935. Les
chiffres entre parenthèses indiquent la totalité des filés destinés à la vente,
ainsi que les a chiffrés le recensement des fabriques, en 1925, 1927, 1929,
1931, 1933.
(/) Conditionnement des filés seulement; ces chiffres n'indiquent rien de
plus qu'une tendance générale.
(g) Estimation de la production des établissements industriels seulement;
production artisanale inconnue.
(h) Bien qu'on ne possède pas de données sur le volume de la production,
on sait que celle-ci a augmenté dans une mesure assez forte entre 1930 et
1935.
(i) Estimation comprenant 60 millions de livres de fllés de laine cardée
et 40 millions de livres de peignés et de filés de laine peignée.
(j) Production (pour la plus grande part en laine peignée) des membres
de l'Association japonaise des industries de la laine, qui possèdent environ
90 pour cent de l'ensemble des broches du Japon.
(k) On ne dispose d'aucune estimation de la production suffisamment
bonne.
(¡) Y compris les fllés de laine et ceux de mi-laine.
— NOTES TO TABLE
(a) Official Census d
(6) According to estim
Textiles ".
(c) Estimated consu
tops; ratio of greasy to
(d) Volume of yarn c
that at Sabadell, 70 to
at Tarrasa, similarly,
of raw wool, it may be a
is about 35 million lbs.
may be estimated at 1
(e) Indices of machi
of worsted yarn, in 193
in 1935. Figures in pa
of Manufactures, 1925,
(/) Yarn conditionin
trend.
(g) Estimated outpu
(h) Although no out
creased considerably be
(i) Estimate which i
lbs. of tops and worste
(?) Production, mos
Industries Association,
(ft) No reliable produ
(¡) Includes wool an
SOURCE: ROYAUME-UNI — UNITED KINGDOM: Imperial Economie Committee : World Consumption of
Section 5 (suite)
TABLEAU 5 . PRODUCTION DE TISSUS DE LAINE DANS CERTA
TABLE 5 . PRODUCTION OF WOOLLEN AND WORSTED TISSUES, SELE
Paya
Allemagne (a) (b) . .
Argentine (c). . . .
Australie (a) (d) . .
Autriche (e) . . . .
Belgique ( / ) . . . .
Brésil (e)
Canada (a) (íi) . . .
Chine (t)
Espagne (j) . . . .
Etats-Unis (a) . . .
France (l)
Grèce (m)
Hongrie (n) . . . .
Inde (o)
Italie (p)
Japon (g)
Norvège (a) . . . .
Pays-Bas (r) . . . .
Pologne (a)
. . . .
Royaume-Uni (a) (s)
Suède (a)
Suisse (t)
Tchécoslovaquie (u.)
U.R.S.S. ( « ) . . . .
1022-1023 t
204
(6,019)
212
191
(19,801)
(16,658)
(15,8821
(17,290)
(24,945)
(30,737)
(6,912)
(8,624)
(8,906)
(8,866)
(5,675)
(6,693)
(8,244)
(10,507)
(13,445)
(49)
278'
(57)
3«'(fc)
336
(67)
235'
(59)
8.'5
(200 (ft)
33
52 8
37
4.0
3.'3
4.9
42 0
29.'2
22.7
15.7
17.4
(17.2)
(118)
(14.1)
(97)
17 6
17 9
31.'8
222
18.5
(21 4)
(95
(19 8)
(110
(17.5)
(125)
297'
5.1
25.9
258
18.2
(H.2)
(94)
t Dernière année de ladite période pour laquelle on possède des données.
(a) Données officielles: recensement de la production, enquêtes spéciales, etc.
(i>) Consommation de filés par les entreprises tissant des étoffes d'habillement de laine cardée ou peignée (calculée sur la base des données du
Statistisches Jahrbuch für das Deutsche Reich, 1932 et 1936).
(c) Estimations de la • Confederación Argentina de Industrias Textiles ».
(d) Etoffes de tweed, laine peignée, flanelle et certains tissus non spécifiés,
en milliers de yards carrés.
(e) Estimation de l'Association textile autrichienne.
(/) Pas de données; les données sur les quantités disponibles indiquent
une chute brusque de la production en 1929 et 1935.
(g) Milliers de yards linéaires; les importations de filés de laine indiquent
une chute de la production entre 1929 et 1932, puis ensuite une certaine
reprise.
(h) Milliers de yards linéaires; les quantités disponibles de laine brute
indiquent une nouvelle augmentation de la production en 1934.
(t) Pas de données; on sait que la production a fortement augmenté
au cours des dernières années.
(j) Total estimatif de la production de filés et peignés de laine par les
entreprises d'Espagne au cours des dernières années; le commerce extérieur
de peignés et filés est de peu d'importance; le faible excédent d'importation
des peignés et filés n'augmente pas dans une mesure appréciable les disponibilités intérieures.
(ft) 1927.
(¡) Indice d'activité des métiers à tisser appartenant aux membres de
l'Association française des fabricants de tissus.
(m) Estimation de la production des étoffes d'habillement.
(n) Estimations provisoires.
(o) Production de tissus en pièces, tapis et châles, au cours des dernières
années, selon estimation de r« Indian Tariff Board »; données très fragmentaires en ce qui concerne les tapis. Des chiffres indiqués, 5 millions de livres
de tissus en pièces et 1,8 million de livres de tapis, soit un total de 6,8 millions
de livres, constituent la production des travailleurs à domicile et petites
entreprises; le reste représente la production industrielle.
(p) Estimation de l'Annuario Generale della Laniera (Biella).
(<ï) Mousseline de laine en millions de yards linéaires; la production a
diminué à peu près sans arrêt après l'année 1927 ; la production de serges de
types étrangers par de petits tisserands du district de Nagoya a été estimée,
au cours des dernières années, à environ 30 millions de yards carrés.
(r) Pas de données en volume; le chiffre des quantités disponibles de
laine brute et des importations de filés indique que le niveau de la production était beaucoup plus élevé en 1933-1935 qu'en 1927-1931.
(s) Y compris de petites quantités de flanelle et de mousseline de laine ainsi
que de tissus de mohair, alpaca et cachemire autres que les tissus à poil.
(t) Pas de données en volume.
(u) Production en milliers de yards linéaires des entreprises du district
de Brno, qui employent environ un tiers de l'effectif ouvrier total.
(u) Production des années 1927/28,1928/29, etc., en millions de yards carrés.
t Latest available ye
(a) Official data; Ce
(b) Consumption of
for clothing (computed
1932 and 1936).
(c) Estimated by the
(<i) Tweed, worsted,
square yards.
(e) Estimated by th
(/) No figures avail
fall in output between
(a) Thousands of lin
output between 1929 a
SOUHCE: ROYAUME-UNI — UNITED KINGDOM: Imperial Economie Comm
ee: World Consumption
(ft) Thousands of lin
further increase of outp
(i) No figures availa
recent y ars.
(j) Sum of estimate
recent years; foreign tr
import balance in tops
supplies.
(ft) 1927.
(í) Index of loom
française des fabricants
(m) Estimated outpu
(n) Provisional estim
(o) Indian Tariff Boa
and shawls; very fragme
lion lbs. (piece goods) an
represent output of cott
mill output.
(p) Estimated by A
(<?) " Mousseline de l
or less continually afte
weavers in the Nagoya d
square yards.
(r) No volume data
of yarn indicate much h
(s) Including small
alpaca and cashmere o
(t) No volume data
(u) Output in thousa
employ about one-third
(v) Output for year
Section 5
(suite)
TABLEAU 6. PRODUCTION DE FILS DE SOIE ET (OU) DE FILS DE DÉCHETS DE
TABLE 6. PRODUCTION OF THROWN AND/OR SPUN SILK, SELECT
1924
Pnys
Etats-Unis (a):
Total
dont:
Soie japonaise
.
S o i e s de Chine et
. . .
d'Europe
I t a l i e (c)
R o y a u m e - U n i (e):
Total
dont:
Fils de soie
Fils de déchets de
soie
1928
1929
1939
1931
1932
1933
75.53
81.97
77.01
78.69
73.25
62.09
67.74
7.79
(100)
(100)
18.78
71.50
10.47
(83)
(94)
17.99
62.88
14.13
(67)
(97)
21.82
66.90
11.79
(55)
(83)
22.62
68.62
4.63
(32)
(46)
27.91
56.39
5.70
(37)
(51)
29.10
2.2
2.7
4.2
0.4
1.8
1.4
1.3
2.7
1.5
(a) Mill consumptio
(a) Consommation de soie grège par l'industrie de la soie d'après les
America.
relevés de la • Silk Association of America •.
(6) Indice de la consommation de soie grège par l'industrie de la soie.
(6) Index of mill co
(c) Indice d'activité des filatures de soie.
(c) Index of silk sp
(d) Consommation de sole grège par l'industrie de la soie, d'après
(d) Mill consumption
VOriental Economist.
•SOURCES: ROYAUME-UNI — UNITED KINGDOM: Imperial Economic Committee: Industrial Fibres, 19
1937.
Section 5 (suite)
TABLEAU 7. PRODUCTION DE FILÉS DE JUTE DANS CERTA
TABLE 7. PRODUCTION OF JUTE YARN, SELECTED COUN
(En milliers de tonnes — In thousand tons
PayB
1928
Allemagne (a) . . . .
I n d e (b)
R o y a u m e - U n i (c)
. .
140
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1,070
1.140
144
820
770
105
790
149
(a) Recensement de la production: consommation par les filatures de
jute brut et de ses déchets.
(6) Evaluation du Jute brut consommé par les filatures, 1928/29,
1929/30, etc.
(c) Production réelle de filés: Recensement de la production 1930;
Report on the Import Duties Act Inquiry (1933).
SOURCES: ROYAUME-UNI
1937.
(a) Census of Produ
(6) Estimated mill c
(c) Actual output o
Import Duties Act Inqu
UNITED KINODOM: Imperial Economic Committee: Industrial Fibres, 1
Section 5 (suite)
TABLEAU 8 . PRODUCTION DE FILÉS DE LIN DANS CERTAI
TABLE 8 . PRODUCTION OF LINEN YARNS, SELECTED COU
(En milliers de tonnes — In t h o u s a n d tons
Paya
Allemagne (a)
<b)
Royaume-Uni (c):
Total
dont:
1924
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
(88)
(83)
(72)
(7*5)
13
(84)
15
43.4
16.8
26.1
U.R.S.S. (d)
1928
(100)
52
33.6
39.2
15.3
18.3
69
15.8
23.4
58
(a) Recensement de la production.
51
(6) Indice de la production calculé par r . Institut für Konjunkturforschung-.
(e) Recensement de la production, 1924 et 1930; Report on the Import
Duties Act Inquiry, 1933 et 1934 (preliminary).
(d) Production des filatures; aucune donnée sur la filature à la main.
(c) Y compris 480 tonnes de filés dont la nature n"a pas été spécifiée.
SOURCES: ROYAUME-UNI
1937.
53
5*4
(a) Census of Produ
(6) Index of produc
forschung ".
(c) Census of Produ
Act Inquiry. 1933 and
(d) Production by m
(e) Includes 480 ton
UNITED KINODOM: Imperial Economic Committee; Industrial Fibres, 1
Section 6: Répartition internationale des machines à tr
Section 6: International distribution of cotton textil
TABLEAU 1 . BROCHES P O U R L E FILAGE D U COTON B R U T
TABLE 1 . R
Nombre des broches installées (en milliers) — Number of spindles in
31. VU.
1927
31. VII.
1928
31. VU.
1929
31. VU.
1930
31. VII.
1931
31. VU.
1932
3i. vn.
41,312
1,153
36,728
838
2,593
40,146
1,154
35,542
840
2,610
39,570
1,240
34,829
751
2,750
38,850
1,277
34,031
767
2,775
37,433
1,276
32,676
791
2,690
36,474
1,245
31,709
830
2,690
35,586
1,240
30,894
832
2,620
3
. . . .
ASIE (sans U.R.S.S.) .
Chine
Inde (brit.)
. . .
Japon
18,234
3,568
8,714
5,952
18,470
3,504
8,703
6,272
18,836
3,602
8,704
6,530
19,808
3,829
8,907
7,072
20,491
4,054
9,125
7,312
21,395
4,285
9,312
7,798
22,300
4,585
9,506
8,209
2
92,217
10,233
767
2,156
100
2,070
263
10,144
217
5,383
56
1,213
1,706
453
51,891
596
1,346
3,622
88,940
9,850
758
2,097
100
2,070
263
10,144
258
5,338
58
1,224
1,818
446
49,001
595
1,303
3,627
86
Pays
AMÉRIQUE
Canada
Etats-Unis
Mexique
Brésil
U.R.S.S
E U R O P E (sans U.R.S.S.)
Allemagne
. . . .
Autriche
Belgique
Danemark
. . . .
Espagne
Finlande
France
Hongrie
Italie
Norvège
Pays-Bas
Pologne
Portugal
Royaume-Uni
. .
Suède
Suisse
AUTRES PAYS 2 . . .
TOTAL.
1933
6,945
7,311
7,465
7,612
96,787
10,800
1,025
1,936
96
1,873
253
9,567
1 140
5,086
60
1,002
1,372
503
57,325
602
1,518
3,629
97,761
11,153
1,014
2,070
95
1,897
252
9,770
1 168
5,189
52
1,111
1,544
503
57,136
619
1,525
3,663
96,840
11,250
955
2,156
99
1,875
262
9,880
153
5,210
60
1,160
1,557
503
55,917
626
1,504
3,673
96,276
11,070
817
2,172
99
1,875
262
10,250
199
5,342
60
1,167
1,554
503
55,207
617
1,446
3,636
95,100
10,591
768
2,164
99
2,070
262
10,350
190
5,397
58
1,215
1,555
503
54,246
613
1,381
3,638
1,319
1,406
1,500
1,562
1,642
1,716
1,729
164,597
165,103
164,211
64,108
•162,280
"161,002
'157,760
•9,200
31
1
3
•9
1
2
2
10
5
45
3
'156
SOURCE: International Federation of Master Cotton Spinners: International Cotton Bulletin; Informatio
* Estimations.
Note. — Les chiffres sont des estimations basées sur les relevés fournis
à la Fédération internationale; ils ne correspondent pas toujours avec les
statistiques nationales officielles.
Les broches pour le doublage et pour le filage des déchets ne sont pas
comprises dans le tableau.
i Hongrie, 1927-1928: données communiquées par l'Institut hongrois
de recherches économiques. Les chiffres correspondants pour les années
1929 à 1931 ont été (en milliers) de: 180, 205 et 230.
2 lia composition du groupe « Autres pays » était la suivante au 31 juillet
1932 et au 31 janvier 1936 (broches en milliers):
* Estimates.
JVoie. — The figures
International Federation
official statistics.
Doubling and waste sp
i Hungary, 1927-1928
for Economic Research.
1931 were (000's omitte
2 The composition of
and 31 January 1936 wa
31. vn. 31.1
31. VII. 31.1.
1932
1936
Egypte —Egypt . . .
Argentine — Argentina
Bolivie — Bolivia. .
Colombie — Colombia
Equateur — Ecuador
Guatemala
Pérou — Peru . . .
87
43
6
40
40
5
86
97
159
32
55
40
12
123
Venezuela
Ceylan — Ceylon . . . .
Chypre — Cyprus . . .
Indochine — Indo-China
Perse — Persia
Turquie — Turkey . . .
Bulgarie — Bulgaria. . .
1932
1936
47
20
2
60
40
101
10
47
20
2
55
40
104
34
Extrait de l'Annuaire statistique de la Société des Nations, 1935/36, p.
Section 6 (suite)
TABLEAU 2 . RECENSEMENT DES METIERS A TISSER LE COTON INS
TABLE 2 . CENSUS OF COTTON LOOMS IN PLACE,
1930
EstimatloQ du nombre des m¿Uera à tisser installés au 31 décembre 1930 Estimation du nombre des métier
Estimate of number ol looms in plaee, 31 December 1930
Estimate of number of loo
Paye
Ordinaires
Automatiques
Ordinary
Aatomatlo
Europe :
Royaume-Uni .
U.R.S.S. . . .
Allemagne . . .
France
. . . .
Italie
Tchécoslovaquie
Espagne
. . .
Pays-Bas . . .
Belgique . . .
Pologne . . . .
Suisse
. . . .
Suède
Portugal. . . .
Autriche. . . .
Hongrie . . . .
Yougoslavie . .
Finlande . . .
Estonie
. . . .
Roumanie . . .
Danemark . . .
Grèce
Norvège
. . .
Turquie . . . .
Bulgarie
. . .
Lettonie
. . .
Lithuanie . . .
678,794
159,100
199,451
182,600
119,700
122.550
81,035
52,323
54,385
40,444
18,649
11,639
16,726
12,321
12,000
7,633
6,468
9,559
5,580
3,431
3,421
2,523
1,220
1,277
2,214
Total . . .
1,805,043
—
A rattachas^
automatique
11,810
2,295
—
—
—
—
6,500
—
—
—
4,236
—
447
—
642
24,626
17,500
20,300
1,600
2,069
6,785
75
1,340
60
3,434
674
58
230
686
79
727
—
—
—
—
96,289
Total
Automatic
attachments
850
950
219
3
254
—
680
—
—
—98
—56
—
—
—
—
12,994
692,899
159,100
224,077
200,100
146,500
125,000
81,035
54,839
54,385
41,086
23,835
18,643
16,804
13,915
12,060
11,747
7,142
9,617
5,810
4,215
3,500
3,306
1,220
1,277
2,214
—
1,914,326
Ordinaires
Automatique
Ordinary
Automatic
570,429
250,000
194,200
165,100
91,500
102,833
61,337
51,806
52,000
30,941
17,285
9,051
11,022
10,727
12,440
7,593
6,391
4,867
4,120
3,223
3,339
2,217
1,378
1,153
968
136
1,666,056
13,994
—
16,100
27,400
33,500
1,476
5,249
3,116
2,800
7,353
4,437
6,570
2,836
1,906
60
2,704
878
123
70
677
133
705
—
—
—
—
132,087
Asie :
Japon
. .
Inde
Chine
Corée * . .
Mandchourie
Ceylan
. .
Indochine •
Iran
. .
.
*
.
.
.
.
.
.
166,466
177,954
29,582
1,760
—538
500
—
Total . . .
15,000
1,715
•
—
—
—
— •
—
—
7,000
13
—
—
—•
—
——
376,806
16,715
7,013
532,176
2,362
806
11,403
30
1,140
102
33,148
260
.
.
.
.
.
.
133,631
75,324
30,634
10,201
3,190
2,546
1,323
1,417
400
1,218
400
150
114
125
40
Total . . .
260,713
548,019
Amérique :
E t a t s - U n i s (c)
Brésil
Mexique
. .
Canada
. . .
Pérou
Colombie . .
Argentine . .
"Venezuela . .
Chili
Equateur . .
Bolivie * . .
Salvador . .
Uruguay . .
Guatemala
.
Costa-Rica
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. . . .
1,234
500
Ensemble des pays
2,444,296
Egypte
Australie
—
—
——.
—
—
—
—
— •
661,023
—14
—
—30
—
—
—
—
—
—.
—
—
33,452
—
—
53,459
(Ò) 188,466
179,682
29,582
1,766
21,000
4,524
—
256,343
185,079
44,000'
1,766
1,354
538
490
300
400,534
489,870
25,524
698,955
77,946
31,440
21,618
3,220
3,686
1,455 .
1,417
400
1,218
400
150
114
125
40
193,816
75,337
32,415
12,027
3,638
1,854
901
1,517
560
608
446
210
168
125
56
419,817
3,159
782
13,444
174
515
872
842,184
323,678
438,953
1,234
500
1,695
28
32
3,158,778
2,481,327
596,596
—538
500
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
120
—
—20
50
—
—
* Aucune donnée statistique; calculé d'après les estimations des entreprises.
No returns; estim
(a) Non compris 5.630 métiers à tisser le lin que l'on emploie ordinairement pour le coton ou les mélanges de coton et soie artificielle, dont 850
sont automatiques et 250 à rattachage automatique.
(6) Y compris 109.000 métiers larges de 15 pouces seulement.
(c) Etats-Unis: Les chiffres relatifs aux Etats-Unis ont été fournis par
le « Cotton Textile Institute », qui, évidemment, a fait entrer dans les
métiers ordinaires les 33.148 métiers à rattachage automatique recensés
en 1930.
(a) Not including 5
mixture of cotton and
and 250 fitted with au
(6) Includes 109,00
(c) United States:
through the Cotton T
looms fitted with auto
looms now.
Souncis: International Cotton Bulletin, Vol. XII, No. 48, VII-1934. pp. 538-539.
Section 7: Commerce mondial des matières premières t
Section 7: World trade in textile raw materials,
TABLEAU 1. EXPORTATIONS ET IMPORTATIONS DE COTON BRUT DE ET VERS
TABLE 1. EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF RAW COTTON, PRINCIPAL TRA
A. Exportations — Exports
Pays
Argentine
Brésil
Egypte
Etats-Unis
Haïti
Kenia et Ouganda (a).
Mexique
Pérou
Soudan
1928
1929
1930
1981
1932
1933
40
22
148
17
15
736
4,472
10
1,402
56
50
8
104
52
11
32
52
107
126
21
• 16
755
3,885
11
1,573
82
38
13
100
68
11
36
6
61
67
110
22
23
587
3,422
9
1,628
52
7
18
120
'62
8
63
22
55
46
105
28
11
733
3,603
14
1,274
76
25
8
103
20
5
44
89
62
1
88
27
H
664
4,715
13
641
83
9
3
102
86
7
20
39
45
26
96
28
19
778
4,416
12
1,045
119
3
10
121
54
11
9
1
U.R.S.S
Autres pays de l'Empire
britannique
. . . .
11
10
15
10
6
6
Total des p a y s ci-dessus
7,186
6,910
6,296
6,249
6,577
6,79.9
(a) Dont la majeure partie en provenance de l'Ouganda.
(b) Les données manquent; on a porté dans le total le chiffre de l'année
précédente.
(o) Mainly from Ugan
(6) Not available; assu
Section 7 (suite)
TABLEAU 1 (suite)
— TABLE 1
(continu
B. Importations (non réexportées) — Imports (r
Paya
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
Tchécoslovaquie (b) . .
U.R.S.S. (c)
676
183
134
255
162
163
095
67
513
1,287
93
157
1,440
66
267
320
694
190
136
335
168
216
781
50
539
1,424
103
133
1,462
67
263
254
635
175
100
461
218
126
795
82
451
1,262
100
123
1,140
63
241
128
549
144
95
620
210
51
493
181
376
1,473
105
118
1,050
54
202
118
678
117
97
495
233
60
524
211
419
1,682
76
109
1,205
53
175
54
797
145
120
266
215
70
759
106
485
1,648
83
129
1,351
57
153
50
Total des pays
ci-dessus . . . .
6,478
6,815
6,073
5,839
6,188
6,434
Allemagne
Belgique
Canada
Chine
Etats-Unis
France
Inde
Pays-Bas
Pologne
Royaume-Uni
. . . .
'a) D'après Cotton Trade Statistics, 1936, tableau 46.
(b) D'après Cotton Trade Statistics, 1036, tableau 44.
(c) Importations brutes.
(d) Données non disponibles; on a porté dans le total le chiffre dé l'année
précédente.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Figures taken from
Figures taken from
Gross imports.
Not available; ass
SOIJHCE: IIOYAUME-UNI — UNITISI) KINODOM: Imperial Economic Committee: Industrial Fibres, 1036,
Section 7 (suite)
TABLEAU 2 . EXPORTATIONS ET IMPORTATIONS DE LAINE BRUTE DE ET VERS
TABLE 2 . EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF RAW WOOL, PRINCIPAL TRAD
A. Exportations (a)
(En millions de livres, laine dégraissée
Pays
Algérie
Argentine
Australie
Bassoutoland
. . .
Brésil
Canada
Chili (c)
Chine (d)
Egypte
Espagne
Falkland (Iles) . .
Hongrie
Inde
Iran (/)
Irak
Irlande, E t a t libre .
Islande
Italie (h)
Mandchourie
. . .
Maroc français . .
Nouvelle-Zélande .
Portugal
Pérou
Royaume-Uni . . .
Sud-Ouest africain .
Syrie et Liban (g) .
Tunisie
Turquie (e)
Union Sud-Africaine
Uruguay
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Total des pays
ci-dessus . .
Exports (a)
In million lbs.
1998
1029
1930
1931
1932
1933
20.3
276.5
715.1
12.7
10.1
8.4
26.6
64.8
3.9
7.3
3.9
9.2
57.6
12.2
15.8
12.3
1.6
8.3
(t)
14.5
226.8
2.9
5.9
39.5
1.6
13.1
3.4
10.9
239.5
117.8
14.5
284.3
764.8
12.9
11.4
6.1
23.4
50.2
4.8
10.5
4.1
11.3
56.8
11.8
15.5
13.1
1.8
6.4
(i)
8.4
235.0
3.1
3.4
39.8
1.8
13.4
1.6
11.5
272.6
115.6
13.4
297.7
852.3
9.7
16.2
4.4
21.0
26.1
2.1
6.0
3.7
8.7
32.2
12.6
10.8
7.3
0.6
4.3
(i)
4.9
197.2
1.6
1.8
24.7
1.3
5.7
0.4
7.2
264.9
166.0
6.0
310.3
812.8
9.3
15.4
4.8
22.3
32.0
3.6
2.6
• 3.9
7.2
38.8
11.5
11.1
10.9
2.1
7.0
(i)
3.0
211.7
2.5
4.0
28.2
2.0
6.4
0.4
10.0
225.6
144.6
2.3
289.9
851.8
11.8
3.9
3.7
25.0
4.6
2.0
2.2
3.9
2.3
30.9
11.5
6.1
9.9
1.2
3.0
1.0
0.4
238.1
0.6
4.2
35.5
2.0
3.5
0.2
7.7
359.5
95.1
6.1
349.9
957.0
9.9
5.5
11.3
24.2
30.0
3.5
3.3
4.0
3.4
49.0
10.5
8.1
18.7
2.8
5.5
2.3
0.8
286.4
2.4
5.4
60.4
2.8
5.3
0.5
12.2
261.1
114.8
1,947.5
2,006.9
2,004.8
1,950.0
2,013.8
2,257.1
NOTES AU TABLEAU 2 A — NOTES TO TABLE
(a) Les chiffres de ce tableau se rapportent à l'année civile, sauf dans le
cas de l'Iran, oii, jusqu'à 1930, ils concernent les douze mois se terminant
le 21 mars suivant l'année Indiquée, et ensuite l'année économique se
terminant le 21 juin de l'année indiquée.
(b) Les chilTres manquent; on a porté dans le total ceux de l'année
précédente.
(c) Y compris les réexportations en provenance de l'Argentine.
(d) A l'exclusion des exportations par voie terrestre. Les données
ultérieures à 1931 ne comprennent pas les exportations de Mandchourie,
qui sont indiquées séparément.
(e) Y compris de petites quantités de poils de chèvre grossiers, mais à
l'exclusion de quantités négligeables de laine fine.
(/) Y compris les réexportations en provenance des pays voisins.
(¡7) Y compris de petites quantités de poils de chèvre et peut-être de
toisons.
(h) Y compris les réexportations de laine importée et dégraissée en Italie.
(i) Les données manquent; exportations comprises dans les relevés de
la Chine.
(j) Evaluation.
(a) The figures in th
of Iran, where, until 19
of the year following th
ended 21 June of the ye
(6) Not yet available
(c) Including re-expo
(d) Excluding expor
exclude exports from M
(e) Including small qu
amounts of fine wools.
(f) Including re-expo
(g) Including small
skins.
(h) Including re-expo
(t) Not available; in
(}')
Estimated.
Section 7 (suite)
TABLEAU
2 (suite) —
TABLE
2
(continu
B. Importations (Males et moins les réexportations) — Imp
(En millions de livres, laine dégraissée — In million lbs.
Pays
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
Importations Males :
Allemagne (b) . . . .
Belgique
Etats-Unis
France (a)
Italie
Japon
Royaume-Uni . . . .
U.R.S.S
377
144
242
504
107
115
779
80
373
168
272
551
120
107
814
86
345
159
154
549
120
115
782
72
325
137
159
451
105
189
848
68
316
147
58
447
159
204
918
57
348'
213
151
534
189
239
952
63
Importations moins les
réexportations :
Allemagne
Belgique
Etats-Unis
France
Italie
Japon
Rovaume-Uni . . . .
U.R.S.S
352
109
237
448
99
115
432
80
341
132
269
490
114
107
471
86
324
126
152
498
115
115
486
72
296
104
158
396
98
189
576
68
304
89
54
410 •
156
204
594
57
335
74
151
483
184
239
592
63
(a) Les chiffres des importations ne comprennent pas les toisons (voir
ci-dessous), mais dans les exportations figurent des quantités appréciables
de laine de peaux traitées à la chaux et délainêes en France.
(b) Y compris les quantités suivantes de laine dégraissée (en millions
de livres) :
(6) Includes the follo
192S
1929
1930
1931
1932
29
28
24
27
28
(c) Evaluation.
id) Chiffre non disponible.
SOURCE: ROVAUME-UNI —
(a) Imports exclude
appreciable quantities o
(c)
(d)
UNITED
1933
39
Estimated.
Not available.
K I N G D O M : Imperial Economic Committee: Industrial
Fibres,
Section 7 (suite)
TABLEAU 3 . EXPORTATIONS ET IMPORTATIONS DE COCONS ET DE D
TABLE 3 . EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF SILK COCOONS AND SIL
Pay»
1928
Chine (a)
Chypre (b)
Corée (b)
E s p a g n e (6)
I n d e (a)
Iran (a) (d)
Italie (a)
J a p o n (a)
Mandchourie (a) . . .
Syrie et Liban (b) . .
U.R.S.S. (b)
Yougoslavie (b)
. . .
Total des
dessus
dont:
Cocons
pays
1929
1930
1931
1933
1933
34.03
0.09
2.10(c)
0.06
1.33
1.17
7.98
9.56
(e)
0.98 (c)
2.10 (c)
0.63
30.93
0.08
2.10(c)
0.10
1.23
1.48
7.31
8.63
(e)
0.98
2.10(c)
0.54
16.69
0.03
2.10
0.07
0.73
1.80
5.90
4.69
(e)
0.62
2.10
0.49
19.76
0.06
1.72
0.06
0.54
1.57
5.81
1.61
(e)
0.56
1.50
0.48
9.22
0.02
1.81
0.09
0.22
0.81
4.31
1.00
1.60
0.28
0.50
0.36
17.68
0.01
1.82
0.11
0.42
0.97
5.30
0.97
2.76
0.45
0.55
0.56
60.03
55.48
35.22
33.67
20.22
31.70
17.59
42.44
17.22
38.26
12.08
23.14
12.80
20.87
6.03
14.19
6.31
25.39
ci-
(a) Exportations de déchets de soie entièrement ou principalement.
(b) Exportations de cocons entièrement ou principalement.
(c) Chiffre évalué en tout ou en partie.
(d) Jusqu'en 1931, les chiffres se rapportent à l'année finissant le
21 mars; ensuite, à l'année finissant le 21 juin.
(e) Les exportations à destination de pays autres que la Chine sont
comprises dans les exportations de la Chine jusqu'à juin 1931.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Mainly or entirely
Mainly or entirely
Entirely or partia
Up to 1931, year e
(e) Exports to countr
until June 1931.
Section 7 (suite)
TABLEAU
3 (suite)
— TABLE 3
(continue
Pays
1928
1929
1930
1931
Allemagne (o) . . . .
E t a t s - U n i s (b)
. . .
F r a n c e (c)
Italie (d)
Royaume-Uni
. . . .
Suisse (e)
3.97
12.76
14.13
18.34
2.13
1.62
1.13
10.90
16.15
19.13
3.08
1.66
1.58
8.26
8.78
11.85
2.59
2.04
Total des pays
ci-dessus . .
52.95
52.05
35.10
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
1933
1983
1.07
5.53
8.08
10.17
1.50
1.73
0.64
3.52
1.78
5.39
2.35
0.61
0.75
5.73
3.04
7.26
2.73
1.18
28.08
14.29
20.69
Décbets de soie non peignés, exclusivement.
Cocons et déchets de soie.
Cocons et déchets, y compris bourrette et blousse.
Y compris les importations de cocons suivantes (en millions de livres) :
(a)
(6)
(c)
(ri)
Uncombed silk w
Cocoons and silk
Cocoons and wast
Includes cocoons,
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
6.48
6.08
3.61
3.31
1.35
1.
(e) Cocons, déchets de soie, cocons défectueux et bourre de sole non
(e) Cocoons, silk was
moulinée.
(/) Les données manquent; on a porté dans le total le chiffre de l'année
(/) Not available; as
précédente. Les importations, au cours de la période janvier-septembre 1935, in the period January-S
se sont élevées à 6.920.000 livres.
SOURCE: ROYAUME-UNI — UNITED KINGDOM: Imperial Economic Committee: industrial Fibres, 193
Section 7 (suite)
TABLEAU 4 . EXPORTATIONS ET IMPORTATIONS DE JUTE
TABLE 4 . EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF RAW JUTE,
Payt
Chine
Inde
Mandchourie
Nepal (b)
. . . .
Total des pays
ci-dessus . .
1928
1929
1930
1931
1982
1933
10
887
(a)
13
7
857
(a)
11
7
626
(a)
12
9
662
(a)
11
7
495
1
9
5
729
2
10
910
875
645
682
512
746
(a) Les exportations à destination de pays autres que la Chine figurent
dans les exportations de la Chine.
(b) Importations de l'Inde en provenance du Nepal.
(c) Les données manquent; on a porté dans le total le chiffre de l'année
précédente.
(a) Exports to count
(b) Imports into Ind
(c) Not available; a
Section 7 (suite)
TABLEAU
B.
4 (suite) —
TABLE
4
(continu
Importations (non réexportées) — Imports (r
(En milliers de tonnes — In thousand, tons
Pays
Allemagne
Argentine
Belgique
Brésil
Chine
Espagne
Etats-Unis
France
Italie
Japon
Pays-Bas
Pologne
Royaume-Uni . . .
Total des p a y s
ci-dessus (d)
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
137
4
30
13
(b)
50
89
118
56
138
3
31
19
(b)
50
88
116
58
14
26
194 ,
30
14
27
202
35
86
4
35
12
(6)
41
60
103
48
(b)
14
17
127
35
82
3
39
16
(b)
38
64
89
44
(b)
9
16
139
28
74
4
26
14
8
48
29
64
38
(b)
6
11
129
16
109
5
40
19
7
41
51
93
48
20
13
10
158
24
761
781
582
567
467
638
(&)
W
(o) Les données manquent. On a porté dans le total le chiffre de l'année
précédente. Les importations de la période janvier-septembre 1935 se sont
élevées à 45.800 tonnes.
(b) Confondu avec les fibres de chanvre et de chanvre de Manille dans
les statistiques commerciales.
(c) Y compris les déchets* etc.; les chiffres des années précédentes ne
concernent que le jute brut.
(d) A l'exclusion du Japon et de la Chine.
SOURCE: ROYAUME-UNI
(o) Not available. A
in the period January-S
(6)
Not distinguished
(c)
Includes wastes, e
(d) Excluding Japan
UNITES KIKODOM: Imperial Economic Committee: Industrial Fibres, 19
Section 7 (suite)
TABLEAU 5. EXPORTATIONS ET IMPORTATIONS DE FILASSE ET D'É
TABLE 5 . EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF FLAX FIBRE AND
Pay*
1023
Belgique (e)
Estonie
E t a t libre d'Irlande
Lithuanie
Pays-Bas (c)
Royaume-Uni
U.R.S.S. (c)
Total
. . . .
36
6
1
12
13
6
13
2
38(d)
127
1929
1930
1931
1932
36
6
1
10
11
G
14
2
72
32
5
1
9
10
3
10
1
72
31
4
(a)
14
7
2
6
(a)
77
30
4
(a)
8
9
2
6
1
81
36
3
(a)
4
' 6
4
4
1
85
158
143
141
141
143
(a) Moins de 500 tonnes.
(f>) Les données manquent; on a porté dans le total le chiffre de l'année
précédente.
(c) Y compris les déchets, qui ne sont pas séparés de l'étoupe dans la
statistique du commerce.
(d) Année fiscale se terminant le 30 septembre.
(e) La balance des exportations belges de lin et d'étoupe (en milliers de
tonnes) était la suivante:
1933
(o) Less than 500 ton
(b) Not available; as
(c) Includes wastes n
(d) Fiscal year ended
(e) Belgium's export
follows :
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
17
14
7
3
6
12
Section 7 (suite)
TABLEAU
5 (suite) —
TABLE
5 (continu
Pays
Allemagne
Etats-Unis
France
J a p o n (b)
Royaume-Uni
. . . .
Suède
Tchécoslovaquie (a) . .
Total
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
14
5
43
1
14
33
2
11
10
6
50
1
14
45
2
11
12
7
67
1
7
41
2
15
10
3
33
1
10
43
2
9
14
3
39
2
11
49
1
16
17
5
40
2
10
51
1
10
123
139
152
111
135
136
(o)
Y compris
petites» etquantités
de ramie.de l'étranger.
(b)
Lin,
« Chinademanquent;
grass
ramie
importés
(c)
Les
données
on
a
porté
dans le total le chiffre de l'année
précédente.
SOURCE: ROYAUME-UNI — UNITED KINGDOM: Imperial Economic Committee:
(o) Flax,
Includes
smallgrass
qu
(b)
China
(c) Not available; ass
Industrial Fibres, 193
Section 7 (suite)
TABLEAU 6 . EXPORTATIONS ET IMPORTATIONS DE CHANVRE E
TABLE 6 . EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF HEMP AND TO
Payi
Afrique-Occidentale
française . . . .
Afrique-Orientale
portugaise . . .
Bahamas
Chine
Haïti
Inde
Indes néerlandaises
(6)
Italie
Kenia et Ouganda (a)
Maurice
Mexique
Nouvelle-Zélande. .
Nyassaland . . . .
Iles Philippines . .
Sainte-Hélène
Tanganyika .
U.R.S.S. . .
Yougoslavie
1923
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
Sisal
Sisal
Sisal
Non défini
Sisal
Chanvre du Bengale
1
1
1
2
2
6
l
8
(c)
25
6
1
8
(c)
25
10
(c)
7
12
(c)
6
1
12
12
(c)
1
3
12
15.
(c)
1
4
18
18
Sisal
Chanvre véritable
Sisal
Chanvre de l'Ile
Maurice
Henequén
Phormium
Sisal
Total
dont:
Manille
Maguey
Canton
Phormium
Sisal
Chanvre véritable
Chanvre véritable
50
65
18
2
137
IG
1
196
172
17
7
1
36
14
11
58
68
17
2
114
15
1
208
186
16
6
1
46
19
14
65
64
16
1
59
9
1
185
167
13
5
1
50
12
8
69
64
16
(c)
76
2
(c)
141
130
7
4
1
56
89
43
16
93
53
21
(c)
135
4
(c)
113
104
5
4
(c)
61
1
6
(c)
98
4
(c)
161
150
6
5
1
70
69
57
24
1
67
4
(c)
188
172
11
5
1
73
5
8
(0
18
(0
7
(o) La majeure partie des exportations proviennent du Kénia.
(6) Y compris de petites quantités de cantala et de chanvre de Manille.
(c) Moins de 500 tonnes.
(d) Chiffres non disponibles.
(e) Les exportations des 9 premiers mois de 1935 se sont élevées à
29.880 tonnes.
3
(0
4
17
(c)
2
6
(0
(a) The bulk of the
(6) Includes small q
(c) Less than 500 to
(d) Not available.
(e) Exports during
to 29,880 tons.
Section 7 (saite)
TABLEAU
6 (suite) —
TABLE
6
(continue
B. Importations (moins les exportations) — Impo
Paya
Allemagne:
Chanvre véritable . .
Sisal
Manille, ramie et autres
Belgique:
Chanvre
Sisal
Ramie et autres libres
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
26
26
23
34
21
28
21
28
16
35
11
8
8
5
'6
9
8
8
6
8
13
H
(g)
17
(g)
8
12
3
(g)
11
35
7
17
8
32
25
24 '
7
5
38
1933
16
43
8
9
3
6
6
36
Etats-Unis:
Chanvre véritable . .
Sisal et henequén . .
Chanvre de Manille
Eibres de NouvelleZélande
Tampico
France:
Chanvre
Sisal
Phormlum et autres
libres végétales . .
Japon :
Chanvre de Manille .
Autres libres végétales
</)
Pays-Bas:
Chanvre véritable et
ramie
Sisal et cantala . . .
Chanvre de Manille et
phormlum
. . . .
Royaume-Uni
W
110
46
w
(c)
73
59
3
13
105
69
4
11
27
32
55
53
41
(e)
13
(0
(e)
13
10
1
17
1
17
1
13
9
5
75
76
09
3
11
29
17
{
1
75
28
(c)
1
145
23
(c)
1
109
29
25
20
25
10
12
18
33
27
21
(e)
10
(e)
12
45
1
17
5
72
1
18
1
10
(a) Année finissant le 30 juin.
(f>) Balance des exportations.
(c) Moins de 500 tonnes.
(ci) Importations pour la consommation intérieure.
(e) No figurent pas séparément dans les relevés du commerce. Les importations de chanvre véritable, de jute et de chanvre de Manille au Japon
sont les suivantes (en milliers de tonnes):
1928
56
(c)
14
2
3
62
70
(a) Year ended 30 Ju
(5) Export balance.
(c) Less than 500 to
(d) Imports for consu
(c) Not shown separa
jute and manila hemp i
1930
05
54
(/) Y compris le sisal.
(g) A été confondu dans le recensement avec les autres fibres végétales.
1933
60
57
66
(/) Including sisal.
(A) Not distinguished
SOURCE: ROYAUME-UNI — UNITED KINGDOM: Imperial Economic Committee: Industrial Fibres, 19
Section 8: Commerce mondial d'articles textiles se
Section 8: World trade in textile semi-manufac
TABLEAU
1.
EXPORTATIONS
ET IMPORTATIONS
DES FILÉS DE
COTON
DE
TABLE 1. EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF COTTON YARN, PRINCIPAL TRA
Pays
Allemagne
Autriche .
Belgique .
Chine . . .
Etats-Unis
France(a) .
Inde . . .
Italie . . .
Japon. . .
Pays-Bas .
Pologne . .
Royaume-Uni
Suisse. . . .
Tchécoslovaquie
Total des p a y s cidessus
Pourcentage du total
exporté
p a r le
Royaume-Uni . .
1025;
1026
1927
192S
1929
1930
1931
1932
13.4
22.4
20.6
19.6
13.7
35.3
31.3
37.9
108.1
3.7
2.1
163.1
14.5
40.0
12.0
31.7
23.4
8.7
21.9
22.8
34.1
35.1
124.3
6.6
4.3
189.5
17.0
57.9
19.1
27.4
17.9
25.6
24.0
15.7
40.0
30.8
82.2
5.0
5.3
168.5
12.2
39.0
13.5
32.3
16.1
45.3
28.5
67.2
27.4
46.2
47.1
5.8
3.4
200.5
18.0
70.6
18.4
28.8
17.7
46.6
26.6
52.1
21.5
54.4
28.7
5.5
3.1
169.2
14.3
57.4
22.9
23.4
13.7
46.0
27.5
35.7
28.6
51.8
27.0
5.7
3.3
166.6
15.0
59.0
15.7
14.2
12.0
44.0
18.1
25.4
23.1
53.3
23.8
5.8
3.9
137.0
13.6
58.4
12.1
7.9
11.1
82.4
14.3
19.1
22.1
60.6
12.7
3.8
1.6
133.5
10.7
44.0
12.2
6.0
7.2
46.2
15.5
16.4
16.7
63.5
35.6
2.0
1.9
141.5
5.7
33.8
525.7
589.3
512.7
621.9
544.3
526.2
448.3
435.9
404.2
31.0
32.2
32.9
32.2
31.1
31.7
30.6
30.6
35.0
1924 g
(o) Y compris le fil à coudre.
(o) Include
Section 8 (suite)
TABLEAU 1 (suite) — TABLE 1 (continu
B. Importations — Imports
Allemagne
Argentine
Belgique
Chine
Inde
Pays-Bas
Royaume-Uni . . . .
Suisse
98
16
78
55
70
8
134
18
86
50
78
8
1926
1927
1928
1929
56
20
61
52
68
8
141
24
105
24
8
38
39
72
12
10
71
25
10
31
47
72
15
8
39
57
76
10
59
21
7
22
33
59
12
5
44
16
5
6
31
43
11
6
32
• 18
4
13
44
38
2
3
SOURCE: Joint Committee of Cotton Trade Organisations: Cotton Trade Statistics, 1936, tables 131,
Section 8 (saite)
TABLEAU 2 . EXPORTATIONS ET IMPORTATIONS DE PEIGNÉS DE LAINE D
TABLE 2 . EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF WOOL TOPS, PRINCIPAL TRA
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
54.2
34.4
7.5
23.4
3.2
2.6
1.8
. 0.2
51.7
32.7
7.3
19.5
3.1
0.9
2.1
0.2
47.0
28.8
10.4
19.3
3.8
0.6
2.3
0.2
49.3
28.0
16.7
20.3
3.8
1.0
2.0
0.2
46.7
41.8
13.6
9.9
4.1
2.2
1.9
0.3
59.2
45.8
15.1
8.9
3.8
2.5
1.9
0.5
127.3
117.5
112.4
121.3
120.5
137.7
23.6
25.1
16.4
7.7
4.6
4.4
3.7
2.1
1.0
1.1
0.9
7.5
2.2
3.3
(c)
23.0
24.4
15.6
6.7
4.2
7.5
3.7
2.0
1.3
1.0
0.8
5.5
2.4
1.8
8.0
24.3
23.9
12.9
5.6
4.8
8.2
3.8
2.2
1.8
1.5
1.1
3.7
2.6
2.2
5.4
31.7
24.3
13.1
6.6
4.8
10.5
4.9
3.0
2.2
0.8
1.0
2.1
2.7
1.6
0.1
39.8
15.8
12.2
8.2
5.8
9.1
4.4
2.1
1.8
2.0
1.0
1.2
0.8
1.1
0.1
42.6
18.2
17.1
9.9
6.3
8.1
5.0
3.7
1.8
1.8
1.1
0.9
1.3
1.2
0.1
111.6
107.9
104.0
109.4
105.4
119.1.
Pays
1928
Provenance :
France
Royaume-Uni . . .
Belgique
Allemagne (o) . . .
Suisse
Australie
Autriche
Italie
Total
. . . .
Destination :
Allemagne (a) .
Tchécoslovaquie
Belgique
Canada
Suéde
Pologne
. . .
Autriche
Suisse
Pays-Bas
Portugal
. .
Hongrie
Italie
France
Royaume-Uni .
U.R.S.S
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
Total (b) . . .
(a) Y compris de petites quantités de peignés de mohair, etc.
(a) Includes small q
(b) A l'exclusion du Danemark; les importations, enregistrées séparé(b) Excludes Denm
ment pour la première fois en 1934, se sont élevées à 3.600.000 livres dans in 1934, aggregated 3.
cette année.
(c) Not available;
(c) Les données manquent; on a porté dans le total le chiffre de 1929.
(d) Less than 50,00
(d) Moins de 50.000 livres.
(e) January-Septem
(e) Janvier-septembre.
SOURCE: ROYAUME-UNI — UNITED KINODOM: Imperial Economic Committee: World Consumption
Section 8 (suite)
TABLEAU 3 . EXPORTATIONS ET IMPORTATIONS DE FILÉS DE LAINE DE
TABLE 3 .
EXPORTS AND
IMPORTS OF WOOL YARN,
PRINCIPAL
TRA
Pays
Provenance :
Koyaume-IJn i .
Tchccoslovaq uie
Allemagne
Japon (a)
Autriche
Italie
. .
Pologne .
Suisse . .
Pays-Bas .
Suûde . .
Total
Destination :
Allemagne
Pays-Bas .
Vour les noies, voir p. Cff.
1932
1833
34.9
50.2
18.4
22.5
14.2
0.7
4.7
3.6
8.4
2.8
1.9
0.1
38.0
29.0
8.3
13.4
7.1
1.3
3.0
4.3
4.6
1.8
1.2
0.1
43.4
34.4
9.5
12.0
9.0
3.1
•4.4
3.1
3.0
i.6
1.1
0.1
173.4
162.4
112.1
124.7
34.3
9.8
12.8
4.6
28.0
9.0
12.1
4.0
18.5
10.1
9.9
4.4
' 18.5
14.9
9.7
6.8
1023
1029
1930
49.0
61.6
23.5
23.9
21.2
0.3
6.7
4.4
3.8
2.4
1.9
0.1
46.7
57.9
21.9
26.7
17.5
0.4
6.4
4.0
7.7
2.5
2.4
0.1
37.3
54.6
21.2
22.0
14.9
0.6
6.0
3.1
8.1
2.7
2.2
0.1
198.8
194.2
50.4
8.9
11.8
5.6
40.5
9.3
13.0
7.2
1931
Section 8 (saite)
TABLEAU
Pays
1928
.
.
7.9
6.2
8.2
5.4
4.0
1.6
3.3
2.8
4.9
2.0
1.2
2.6
0.8
4.4
5.7
4.5
6.3
2.1
11.6
0.7
17.7
6.1
0.7
0.3
0.6
(e)
13.1
6.3
8.0
4.7
3.9
2.1
3.4
2.5
5.7
2.3
1.0
2.5
1.5
3.1
4.6
4.8
5.0
2.5
7.4
0.9
20.2
5.2
0.9
0.3
0.7
0.6
. . .
188.9
183.2
Chine
Suède
Autriche
. . .
Suisse
E t a t s baltes . .
E t a t libre d'Irlande
Danemark (b) . .
Grèce
Norvùge . . .
Inde
Yougoslavie
.
Turquie . . .
Brésil
Hongrie
. . .
Argentine
. .
Tchécoslovaquie
F r a n c e (c) . .
Japon (a)
. .
Bulgarie . . .
Royaume-Uni .
Pologne
. . .
Italie
Pérou
Portugal
. .
U.R.S.S.
. .
Total
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
le)
(/)
1929
.
.
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
3 (suite) — TABLE 3 (continu
1930
4.5 •
7.3
6.2
4.7
3.8
2.1
3.3
2.8
6.2
2.6
1.2
3.3
1.1
2.1
4.0
4.1
4.3
2.6
7.9
0.6
18.8
4.3
0.6
0.2
1.0
0.3
161.4
1931
1933
1932
9.1
6.4
6.2
4.8
3.2
2.1
3.4
2.7
3.2
2.8
1.4
2.2
1.5
1.8
2.3
2.8
3.2
2.5
9.5
1.3
18.6
3.9
0.4
0.3
0.4
(d)
7.3
5.9
4.2
5.2
3.3
2.6
3.4
2.2
3.3
3.3
1.9
1.4
2.0
1.2
1.9
2.1
2.1
1.6
3.2
1.5
0.8
1.5
0.2
0.3
0.2
149.1
105.5
A l'exclusion du commerce avec la Corée et Formose.
Y compris de petites quantités de niés d'angora et d'autres poils.
Poids brut évalué par addition d'un neuvième au poids net.
Moins de 50.000 livres.
Les données manquent; on a porté dans le total le chiffre de 1929.
Neuf premiers mois seulement.
(o)
(6)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(/)
'
7.1
6.1
5.0
5.8
3.6
3.5
4.0
3.2
4.0
3.1
1.8
2.5
2.3
3.0
2.3
2.4
1.5
1.8
1.6
0.8
0.8
1.4
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
118.1
Excluding trad
Includes small
Gross weight es
Less than 50,00
Not available:
First nine mon
SOURCE: ROYAUMF.-UNI — UNITED KINGDOM: Imperial Economic Committee: World Consumption
Section 8 (saite)
TABLEAU 4. EXPORTATIONS ET IMPORTATIONS DE SOIE GRÈGE DES
TABLE 4. EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF R A W SILK, PRINCIPAL TRAD
Pay«
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
Japon
Chine
Mandcliourie
. . . .
Italie
Corée (c)
Syrie et Liban . . .
Inde
U.K.S.S
I r a n (e)
Yougoslavie
Chypre
72.48
24.02
(a)
12.43
(b)
(M
0.15
(b)
0.06
0.10
0.04
76.04
25.33
(a)
13.17
(f>)
0.51
0.15
(b)
0.12
0.06
0.02
62.15
20.19
(a)
14.25
2.60
0.31
0.05
0.02
0.08
0.08
0.02
73.53
18.16
(a)
12.64
2.71
0.08
0.01
0.36
0.02
0.05
0.01
72.30
10.43
3.21
6.98
2.18
0.24
(d)
0.31
0.03
0.04
0.01
63.92
10.28
3.55
7.68
2.45
0.14
0.01
0.71
0.03
(d)
0.02
Total des pays
ci-dessus . .
112.41
118.02
99.75
107.57
95.73
88.79
(a) Les exportations vers des pays autres que la Chine figuraient sous
les exportations chinoises Jusqu'il juin 1931.
(b) Les données manquent; on a porté dans le total celles de Tannée la
plus rapprochée.
(c) A l'exclusion des exportations de soie tussah, qui étaient les suivantes
(en millions de livres):
1930
1931
1982
2.14
3.20
3.10
(d) Moins de 5.000 livres.
(c) Jusqu'en 1931, année finissant le 21 mars; ensuite le 21 juin.
(a) Exports to coun
domestic exports until
(b) Not available; a
(c) Excluding expor
lbs.):
1934
3.14
2.72
(d) Less than 5,000
(e) Year ended 21 M
Section 8 (suite)
TABLEAU
4 (suite) —
TABLE
4 (continue
B. Importations (non réexportées) — Imports (re
Pay»
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
Etats-Unis (a) . . . .
France (b)
Japon (c)
Royaume-Uni . . . .
Canada (d)
Inde
Allemagne (e) . . . .
Italie (/)
Suisse
Autriche
74.41
15.78
5.03
1.49
1.15
2.51
5.25
1.46
1.44
0.15
85.95
11.48
4.94
1.39
1.57
2.37
5.40
1.06
1.01
0.23
72.32
9.82
5.17
1.32
1.82
2.39
3.56
0.90
0.75
0.22
82.01
7.28
6.50
1.86
2.26
1.71
2.53
0.98
0.56
0.27
71.32
4.13
5.66
2.32
2.87
3.62
1.54
0.88
0.33
0.13
64.63
6.52
5.82
2.79
2.42
2.14
1.13
0.64
0.22
0.09
Total des ' pays
ci-dessus . .
108.67
115.40
98.27
105.96
92.80
86.40
(a) Excédent des importations sur les exportations, sauf les chiffres de
1934 et 1935 qui concernent les importations pour la consommation.
(b) Soie grège en Hottes ou en échevaux.
(c) Importations brutes en provenance de l'étranger, plus les exportations
de la Corée vers le Japon. Les chiffres pour 1928 et 1929 sont des évaluations.
(d) Importations pour la consommation, y compris les cocons.
(e) Y compris de petites quantités de soie tussah et de soie de pinna
marina.
(/) Importations, commerce spécial.
(g) Les données manquent; on a porté dans le total le chiffre de l'année
précédente. Les importations au cours de la période janvier-septembre 1935
se sont élevées à 270.000 livres.
(a) Surplus of impo
" imports for consumpt
(b) Raw silk in skein
(c) Gross imports fr
Japan. Figures for 192
(d) Imports for cons
(e) Includes small q
(/) Imports, special
(9) Not available; a
in the period January-S
SOURCE: ROYAUME-UNI — UNITED KINGDOM: Imperial Economic Committee: Industrial Fibres, 19
Section 8 (suite)
TABLEAU 5 . EXPORTATIONS ET IMPORTATIONS DE FILS DE RAYONNE D
TABLE 5 . EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF RAYON YARNS, PRINCIPAL TRA
A. Exportations (a) — Exports (a)
Pay!
Italie
Royaume-Uni . . .
Allemagne (c)
. .
Belgique (c)
. . .
Autriche
. . . .
Etats-Unis
. . . .
Tchécoslovaquie
Total des pays
ci-dessus . .
1923
19S9
1930
1931
1932
1933
34.4
0.1
17.1
11.3
9.5
13.7(d)
8.8
8.2
?..l
0.2
1.2
O.i
0.5
40.7
0.2
19.5
13.6
8.2
19.1
7.0
8.6
3.0
0.2
2.2
1.2
0.4
42.7
3.2
20.3
16.6
6.4
14.4
6.7
9.4
3.2
0.4
1.6
1.8
0.4
47.3
2.6
22.2
18.0
4.4
12.3
6.1
10.0
2.1
0.3
2.3
2.2
0.1
39.0
7.4
23.0
17.0
6.8
12.9
5.5
8.1
1.7
0.7
2.0
2.2
(e)
37.0
8.9
22.9
20.6
6.7
14.0
5.9
8.7
1.4
1.1
1.5
1.5
(e)
123:9
127.1
129.9
126.3
130.2
108.2
(a) Filés de filaments, filés de déchets et de la schappe artificielle, paille,
et filés et fils préparés pour la vente au détail.
(b) D'après les évaluations de la Snia Viscosa.
(c) A l'exclusion du trafic de perfectionnement.
(d) Chiffres partiellement évalués.
(e) Moins de 50.000 livres.
(a)
yarn
(i>)
(c)
(d)
(e)
Filament yarn, y
and thread prepar
Based on the est
Excluding impro
Partly estimated
Less than 50,000
Section 8 (suite)
TABLEAU
5 (suite) —
TABLE
5 (continue
B. Importations (a) — Imports (a)
(En millions de livres — In million lbs.
I n d e britannique
Allemagne (i>) .
Espagne . . .
Tchécoslovaquie
Mexique
. . .
Chine
. . . .
Mandchourie .
Argentine
. .
Australie (ci) .
Hongrie (6) . .
Yougoslavie . .
Suede
. . . .
Suisse (6) . . .
Syrie
Pays-Bas .... .
Roumanie
. .
Autriche . . .
Danemark . .
Belgique (b) .
6.9
18.5(e)
4.9
6.9
1.0
16.9
2.5
(c)
1.1
0.8
1.5
3.4
(c)
2.2
1.5
2.0
1.0
0.9
8.1
20.0
6.6
8.9
1.3
19.9
2.5
(c)
1.8
1.3
1.9
3.4
1.0
3.2
1.2
2.5
1.2
1.3
6.0
24.6
8.2
9.6
1.6
16.9
2.4
4.0
2.7
2.2
2.6
4.2
1.4
2.3
1.9
3.1
1.3
1.7
8.0
24.3
5.2
9.2
1.6
17.8 {
2.4
2.6
2.5
2.4
3.1
5.4
1.4
2.3
2.1
5.0
1.6
1.5
12.4
21.6
7.4
6.7
3.1
13.8
0.2
3.2
4.4
2.4
2.4
2.9
5.4
1.5
2.2
2.8
3.7
2.0
1.1
8.0
21.4
4.2
6.6
5.1
9.2
6.8
li
3.3
tí
5.2
2.2
3.5
2.9
U
2.5
Royaume-Uni (/) .
Italie
Egypte
Chili (j)
France
E t a t s baltes (ft) . .
Portugal (j)
. . .
Canada
Norvège
Finlande (j)
. . .
Indes néerlandaises .
Turquie
Brésil
Japon
Total des pays
ci-dessus . .
2.6
1.1
0.9
0.7
1.2
0.2
0.8
2.0
(h)
0.3
0.4
0.1 (e)
0.1
1.7
1.6
0.3 \
91.0
1.6
1.2
0.7
1.0
0.9
0.3
1.0
2.2
0.1
o./.
0.3
0.2(e)
0.2
1.1
0.7
0.6
102.6
0.6
2.8
0.3
0.9
2.3
0.5
1.1
2.4
0.1
0.4
0.3
0.2(e)
0.3
0.8
0.3
0.8
110.8
1.4
3.0
0.9
0.7
2.2
0.6
1.0
1.8
0.1
0.5
0.3
0.2 (e;
0.4
0.7
0.1
1.2
113.5
2.1
2.0
1.2
0.6
3.8
0.9
1.3
1.1
0.2
0.5
0.3
0.2(e)
0.5
0.2
(h)
0.3
114.4
2.2
2.2
1.4
0.7
4.2
1.1
1.3
1.8
0.4
O.S
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.5
118.1
(a) Filés de filaments, (liés de déchets et de la schappe artificielle, paille,
et filés et fils préparés pour la vente au détail.
(b) A l'exclusion du trafic de perfectionnement.
<c) Le relevé en poids manque; on a porté dans le total celui de 1930.
(d) Année finissant le 30 juin.
(e) Chiffres en partie évalués.
(/) Importations pour la consommation a l'Intérieur, y compris les filés
melanges.
(») Evalué syr la base des chiffres pour neuf mois.
(ii) Moins de 50.000 livres.
(i) Les données manquent ; on a porté dans le total le chiffre de l'année
précédente.
(j) Y compris les filés de soie naturelle, mais consistant probablement
pour la plus grande partie en rayonne.
(ft) Lettonie, Lithuanie et Estonie.
(o)
yarn
(ft)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(/)
Filament yarn, y
and thread prepar
Excluding impro
Not available by
Year ending 30
Partly estimated
Retained import
SOURCE: ROYAUME-UNI — UNITED KINODOM: Imperial Economie Commit!
: Industrial Fibres, 193
(g) Estimated on th
(ft) Less than 50,000
(t) Not yet availabl
(j)
Including real si
(ft)
Latvia, Lithuani
Section 9: Commerce mondial d'articles textiles finis — Section 9: World tr
TABLEAU 1. EXPORTATIONS ET IMPORTATIONS DE TISSUS DE COTON,
TABLE 1. EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF COTTON PIECE GOODS, PRINCIPAL
A. Exportations (volume) — Exports (by v
1924
1926
1925
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
(En millions de yards carrés — In million square
Royaume-Uni
Japon . . .
Etats-Unis .
4,444.0 4,435.6 3,834.5 4,116.9 3,866.5 3,671.6 2,406.8 1,716.3 2,197.5
477.8
543.3
513.3
565.0
1,418.8 1,790.6 1,571.8 1,413.8 2,031.7
546.8 564.4 416.3 367.0 375.4
(En millions de yards linéaires — In million linea
Inde (par mer)
Inde (par voie de
terre) (o) . . .
France
Italie . . . . . .
Tchécoslovaquie .
Pays-Bas . . . .
Belgique
. . . .
Allemagne . . .
Suisse
Autriche
. . . .
Pologne
. . . .
Chine
Espagne
. . . .
Portugal
. . . .
U.R.S.S
169.01 165.81 179.31 187.1 |
149.0
145.9 ] 103.41
98.91
81.7|
(En milliers de q u i n t a u x — In t h o u s a n d quin
570.4
515.2
311.5
197.7
143.0
188.1
68.9
51.7
52.4
71.8
440.5
638.7
397.1
267.0
178.2
180.2
64.5
62.7
49.9
88.2
479.8
500.2
338.6
265.2
217.5
176.9
51.2
38.3
40.6
93.6
632.2
495.0
421.2
286.9
238.2
183.9
60.0
40.6
53.3
107.1
573.0
535.7
368.4
301.5
270.9
177.2
47.2
36.7
33.4
91.8
535.7
567.4
361.2
303.6
280.1
200.3
48.3
35.5
31.0
96.1
434.6
417.8
294.2
240.2
232.4
166.7
39.3
24.7
17.1
109.9
372.0
382.0
217.1
209.8
214.2
138.9
38.3
18.4
13.5
23.3
12.4
31.5
10.0
26.0
8.8
19.5
25.0
12.0
37.6
38.8
15.3
132.3
46.5
9.2
133.9
45.8
9.6
158.6
(a) Année finissant le 31 mars suivant la date indiquée, et à l'exclusion
des exportations à travers la Birmanie.
110.2
341.9
339.9
103.1
119.1
144.9
80.4
29.7
11.4
6.3
97.5
40.9
20.1
188.4
(a) Years ending
via Burma.
Section 9 (suite)
TABLEAU
1 (suite) —
TABLE
1 (continue
B. Exportations (valeur) (a) — Exports (by val
(En millions de livres sterling — In million £ st
Payi
Royaume-Uni .
Japon
Etats-Unis
. .
Inde (par mer)
France
Italie
Tchécoslovaquie
Pays-Bas
Belgique
Allemagne
. .
Suisse
Autriche
Pologne
Chine
Espagne
Portugal
U.R.S.S
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
Total des pays
ci-dessus (b)
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
153.4
30.4
17.7
4.7
20.9
16.5
11.3
6.5
3.7
5.8
5.5
1.9
2.5
2.2
1.2
0.5
150.6
36.6
17.6
4.6
15.9
18.4
13.0
8.8
5.2
5.5
4.5
2.5
2.0
1.9
1.7
0.5
116.1
40.1
15.4
5.1
14.3
14.6
10.3
7.8
5.0
4.7
3.5
1.5
0.9
1.9
1.6
0.3
110.0
37.3
15.8
5.1
18.8
13.6
11.9
7.8
5.2
4.7
4.3
1.6
1.1
2.3
0.9
107.3
33.6
16.3
4.0
16.6
14.1
11.4
8.4
6.2
5.0
3.9
1.6
0.8
2.1
1.1
0.3
1.5
99.3
39.2
16.3
3.9
16.2
14.0
10.5
8.2
6.4
5.2
3.6
1.4
0.7
2.1
1.7
0.4
4.6
61.3
27.7
10.6
2.6
13.1
9.5
8.2
5.8
5.8
4.5
2.8
1.0
0.4
0.9
2.4
0.2
4.9
37.3
21.5
7.9
2.3
9.2
7.1
5.8
4.3
5.6
3.0
2.6
0.7
0.3
0.9
1.0
0.2
5.3
43.6
22.6
7.8
1.9
8.5
6.4
3.5
2.7
4.3
2.5
2.2
0.5
0.1
1.0
1.0
0.3
7.3
284.8
289.3
243.1
240.5
234.3
233.8
161.7
115.8
116.3
1930
1931
1932
(En pourcentage du total — In percentage of
Royauine-Uni (i>)
Japon (6) . . . .
53.9
10.7
52.1
12.7
47.8
16.5
45.7
15.5
45.8
14.4
(a) Valeurs calculées d'après le change moyen de chaque année.
(6) A l'exclusion de l'Italie.
42.5
16.7
37.9
17.1
32.2
18.5
37.5
19.5
(a) Values converted
(b) Excluding Italy.
Section 9 (suite)
1 (suite) — TABLE 1 (continu
C. Importations (volume), 1925-1935 — Imports (by vol
TABLEAU
L = Millions de yards linéaires — Million linear yard
S = Millions de yards carrés — Million square yards
Q = Milliers de quiataux — Thousand quintals
Aden (a)
L
62
70
Afrique occidentale
S+L
française
. . . .
+Q 0 (126) (124) (157)
Algérie (b)
. . . .
Allemagne
78
240
Q
Antilles britanniques
(sauf Jamaïque) (c)
L
20
17
20
Argentine
341
336
303
Q
Australie (rf) . . .
. S
Autriche
Q
1Ó0
1Ì2
Belgique
22
22
30
Q
Brésil
73
73
72
Q
Bulgarie
36
23
27
Q
Canada (a) (e) . .
83
93
98
L; Q
Ceylan
L
54
61
63
Chine (d) (/)
. . .
S
Chypre
L
Congo belge . . .
32
Q
Côte de l'Or . . .
S
29
44
Danemark
47
68
72
Q
Egypte
S
279
202
260
Erythrée (g). . . .
(10)
(12)
(15)
Q
Etats-Unis
. . . .
S
109
61
63
Finlande
10
12
15
Q
France
21
8
Q
Gambie
S
5
6
Guyane britannique
L
9
10
i
o
Grèce
60
48
70
Q
Inde
L
1,641 1,784 1,965
Indes néerlandaises (h) :
A
L
483
B
L
Indochine française (6)
(71) (108) (100)
Q
Irak
L
74
Iran (a)
145
169
147
Q
S
21
26
30
Italie
24
28
15
Q
Jamaïque
L
23
21
24
Japon
9
12
S
74
54
93
90
(144) (176)
152
84
19
358
(155)
107
24
83
23
116
55
(626)
67
59
72
76
36
67
(136)
(142)
(109)
73
64
40
38
17
219
19
235
20
287
(143)
(203)
(201)
79
29
4
8
78
55
40
21
4
8
57
69
22
17
8
4
71
61
17
14
347
280
(184) (144)
94
76
28
29
49
13
20
6
83
106
57
51
(i¡48)
(490)
28
38
26
36
31
34
60
69
72
242
265
228
(12)
(18)
(14)
61
36
Cl
19
16
8
8
10
20
7
3
3
9
7
8
58
57
50
1,881 1,910 1,254
496
132
. (72)
61
163
28
22
18
12
<i88
144
403
117
:86)
(102)
56
49
127
28
14
21
9
í 74
29
20
22
14
73
90
(154)
(362)
(336)
(194)
26
26
70
176
5
25
48
57
209
5
32
40
71
235
(13)
(15)
(20)
35
8
14
1
9
49
741
29
5
8
4
9
29
1,155
41
8
9
7
11
29
860
368
110
427
132
433
143
(55)
(75)
(67)
61
105
28
9
19
11
70
137
29
7
20
10
67
93
36
7
17
9
Kenia et Ouganda .
Lettonie
Llthuanie
Madagascar (b) . .
Malaisie
Malte
Mandcliourie (i) . .
Maroc
Ile Maurice . . . .
Nigeria
Norvège
Nouvelle-Zélande (d)
Nyassaland . . . .
Palestine
Pays-Bas
Philippines . . . .
Royaume-Uni . . .
Pologne
Iles Seychelles . .
Slam
Sierra Leone . . .
Soudan
Suède
Suisse
Tanganyika . . . .
Tunisie (b) . . . .
Turquie
Union SudAfricaine ()') . .
Yougoslavie . . . .
Zanzibar (ft)
. . .
Amérique centrale (l)
Iles diverses des
Antilles (m) . .
L
Q
Q
Q
L
L
S
Q
L
S
Q
S
L
Q
Q
S
S
Q
L
S
S
Q
Q
Q
L
Q
.
10
20
29
12
19
37
15
22
44
19
20
38
8
18
45
16
15
(30)
(34)
(45)
(45)
(45)
(25)
169
150
2
155
3
126
2
167
2
118
4
(161)
(156)
(1141
78
75
9
83
41
75
12
100
50
113
9
119
44
134
12
100
48
68
8
100
47
(32)
(34)
(31)
20
72
130
55
io
25
62
142
56
9
1
io
26
81
123
72
15
1
9
21
77
149
83
19
1
10
18
81
140
83
17
1
10
25
59
100
82
12
1
(47)
51
32
30
'6
45
34
30
28
'9
51
38
33
37
'9
51
35
33
36
6
70
32
24
37
46
8
18
(35)
44
5
10
48
8
9
(35)
(43)
150
3
146
r,
(21)
(15)
(92)
HO
9
65
45
114
10
112
39
97
11
93
41
(28)
(42)
(40)
12
25
51
113
82
10
0.5
9
26
62
146
14
6
1
9
30
37
121
20
6
1
(29)
(15)
(35)
(48)
5
59
39
21
33
5
52
48
20
31
11
59
33
17
33
6
63
30
15
36
100
3
(27)
(36)
(31)
(40)
(48)
(37)
(34)
(37)
(46)
0
242
247
193
186
221
138
170
134
129
S
Q
L
S
(92)
(98)
(91) (103)
( 94)
(149)
150
128
3
141
5
111
3
107
5
(63)
(53)
(60)
(50)
(115)
(101)
(130)
(108)
S
99
4
65
5
36
3
29
4
(61)
(41)
(45)
(47)
(44)
(107)
(98)
(82)
(84)
(73)
(a) Années fiscales 1925/26-1935/36.
ib) Exportations françaises de cotonnades.
(c) Y compris les Bahamas, les Barbades, les Iles sous le Vent, la Trinité
et Tobago, et les Iles du Vent.
(d) Exportations du Japon et du Royaume-Uni.
(e) Millions de yards linéaires entre 1925/26-1930/31 ; milliers de quintaux
entre 1931/32 et 1935/36.
(/) Y compris Hong-Kong; à l'exclusion de la Mandchourie.
ig) Exportations de l'Italie.
ih) A = Java et Madura; B = Bornéo (partie néerlandaise), Célebes,
Sumatra, et autres Iles extérieures.
(i) Exportations du Japon.
(3) Exportations des Etats-Unis, du Japon et du Royaume-Uni.
(ft) Importations, moins les réexportations.
(i) Exportations des Etats-Unis à destination du Guatemala, du Honduras, du Nicaragua, du Panama, et du Salvador.
(m) Exportations des Etats-Unis à destination de Cuba, de la République
Dominicaine et d'Haïti.
(a) Fiscal years 192
' (b) Exports of cott
(c) Includes Baham
Tobago, Windward Isl
(d) Exports from J
(e) Million linear ya
between 1931/32 and 1
(/) Including Hong
(9) Exports from I
(ft) A = Java and M
other outer Islands.
(i) ' Exports from J
(3) Exports from U
(ft) Imports less re(!) Exports from U
Panama, and El Salva
(m) Exports from
Haiti.
Section 9 (suite)
TABLEAU 1 (Suite)
TABLE 1
(continu
D. Importations (valeur), 1931-1934 (a) — Imports (by va
(En millions de francs-or - - In million gold fr
Pays
Colombie
Egypte
Indes néerlandaises.
Indochine française
Italie
. . .
. . .
Royaume-Uni
Siam (c)
Suède
Tchécoslovaquie
Union Sud-Africaine
Yougoslavie .
. . .
1931
19Í2
1033
57.0
100.0
83.5
13.0
22.5
38.5
22.0
189.0
30.5
26.5
76.0
35.0
12.5
239.0
162.5
30.0
8.0
9.5
32.0
51.0
35.5
96.5
32.5
29.5
14.5
11.5
65.5
76.5
33.0
30.0
93.5
63.0
25.0
13.0
27.5
17.0
121.0
27.0
19.0
61.5
20.5
6.5
269.5
117.0
29.0
5.0
5.0
28.0
52.0
24.5
12,5
16.5
15.5
11.0
6.5
38.5
44.5
16.0
22.8
111.6
64.8
12.4
11.2
24.0
13.2
. 59.2
31.6
13.6
61.2
22.8
7.2
178.0
101.2
23.2
5.6
2.8
16.0
33.6
20.0
13.4
16.0
13.6
30.0 •
7.0
30.4 W)
59.6
12.4
(a) Importations de tissus de coton « countable », c'est-à-dire de tissus
qui, en cas d'importation aux Etats-Unis, sont assujettis à un droit de
douane calculé d'après le titre des filés. Les chiffres ici présentés résultent
de la conversion des données en dollars selon les taux suivants: 1 dollar
= 5 francs (1931, 1932); 4 francs (1933), et 3 francs (1934).
(b) Années fiscales se terminant le 30 juin.
(c) Années fiscales se terminant le 31 mars.
(d) Dix mois seulement.
(a) Imports of "co
imported into the Unit
Converted from dollar v
(1933), and 3 francs (1
(6) Fiscal years end
(c) Fiscal years end
(d) Ten months onl
SOURCES: Exportations; importations (volume) — Exports; imports (by volume): Joint Committe
Cotton Trade Statistics, 1933, 1936, passim.
Importations (valeur) — Imports (by value): ETATS-UNIS — UNITED STATES: Tariff Commission
Section 9 (suite)
TABLEAU
2 . EXPORTATIONS ET IMPORTATIONS DE TISSUS DE
LAINE,
TABLE 2 . EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF WOOL TISSUES, PRINCIPAL TRA
Paya
Provenance :
Royaume-Uni . . .
Italie
Allemagne
. . . .
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
88.3
23.2
34.5
43.3
4.7
23.7
4.4
4.0
1.2
1.4
0.9
0.4
0.6
0.6
65.9
20.4
30.1
36.3
3.2
19.4
3.9
3.6
1.0
1.1
0.6
0.4
0.6
0.5
48.5
23.6
28.6
28.7
3.9
14.2
3.5
3.2
0.6
0.8
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.4
46.0
16.7
14.8
13.3
1.2
4.9
1.8
1.0
0.8
0.4
0.G
0.2
0.3
0.1
52.4
17.2
13.8
12.0
1.9
4.0
2.0
1.1
1.0
0.6
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
Danemark
. . . .
Etats-Unis
. . . .
97.1
21.7
35.3
46.9
2.4
23.7
4.7
3.8
1.1
1.2
0.6
0.4
0.6
0.7
Total des pays
ci-dessus . .
240.2
231.2
187.0
157.4
102.1
106.8
2.5
3.4
2.9
1.4
4.4
10.3
0.9
1.0
0.7
0.5
0.5
0.4
8.G
10.2
5.2
11.8
22.7
(e)
4.1
4.8
7.2
9.9
2.6
3.0
2.3
5.1
8.9
10.8
5.7
11.0
15.4
(e)
3.7
5.9
7.3
10.0
3.4
3.0
2.5
4.8
6.7
10.0
6.4
8.7
8.8
(e)
3.8
5.4
6.6
4.8
4.6
3.5
2.6
4.7
8.0
11.0
6.3
6.9
6.6
(e)
3.8
5.2
5.3
2.6
4.0
4.0
2.3
3.2
0.0
8.5
5.1
4.7
3.9
1.6
4.5
3.9
3.2
2.0
2.6
2.3
1.9
1.8
6.2
9.7
6.4
6.0
4.2
2.2
3.4
3.5
2.5
2.8
3.2
2.0
1.8 •
1.7 .
Pologne
Belgique
Suède
Japon (en millions de
yards carrés) . .
Etat libre
d'Irlandcfmil¿iems yards linéaires)
Destination (6) :
Canada
Pays-Bas . .
Danemark .
Argentine . .
Chine. . . .
Mandchourie
Suisse . . .
Belgique . .
Allemagne .
Etats-Unis .
France . . .
Suede . . .
Norvège . .
Yougoslavie . . .
Section 9 (suite)
TABLEAU
liras
Pays
Egypte
Royaume-Uni .
Italie
E t a t s baltes. .
Autriche
Grèce
Syrie et Liban
Turquie
Roumanie
Tchécoslovaquie
Hongrie
Chili
Pérou
Uruguay
Brésil
Pologne
Portugal
U.R.S.S
. .
. .
. .
. .
Total des pays
ci-dessus . .
Inde (millions yards
linéaires)
. . . .
Etat libre d'Irlande (millions yards linéaires)
Japon
(millions
de
yards carrés) . . .
Egypte (millions de
yards linéaires)
.
2 (suite) —
1929
1930
1931
TABLE
1932
2 (continue
1933
23.6
4.9
6.3
8.8
3.1
(o)
4.8
1.6
1.4
4.5
2.9
0.8
1.3
1.8
0.4
0.5
(/)
(/)
(0
21.7
5.3
5.4
7.8
3.4
1.1
5.2
1.0
1.3
3.3
2.8
0.7
1.4
1.6
0.5
0.4
2.3
1.4
22.3
4.8
4.1
0.5
2.8
1.0
3.4
0.6
1.3
2.7
2.8
0.6
1.2
0.7
0.3
0.3
1.0
1.0
28.3
3.7
3.3
6.4
2.2
1.4
2.4
2.5
1.3
1.7
1.4
0.3
0.8
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.6
1.1
3.1
2.9
1.0
3.1
1.1
1.0
1.2
1.5
0.7
0.8
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.6
1.7
3.1
2.5
0.9
1.8
0.9
1.4
1.4
1.5
0.6
0.6
0.1
. 0.2
(d)
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
136.3
133.3
119.5
120.6
71.3
73.3
16.8
12.8
S.l
5.4
13.8
11.9
S.7
6.2
6.2
6.6
6.0
6.6
17.3
10.!)
6.8
7.1
6.8
4.6
3.0
3.7
1.9
1.2
l.i
1.9
(a) Généralement à l'exclusion des couvertures, tissus d'ameublement.
(a) In general exclu
feutres et tissus à poil.
and felts.
(6) A l'exclusion des importations dans l'Union Sud-Africaine,
(b) Excludes import
l'Australie et la Nouvelle-Zélande.
Zealand.
(c) Les données manquent; on a porté dans le total le chiffre de 1929.
(c) Not available; a
(d) Les données manquent; on a porté dans le total le chiffre de l'année
(d) Not available; a
précédente.
(e) Comprises dans les importations en Chine.
(e) Included in impo
(/) Moins de 50.000 livres.
(/) Less than 50.000
(g) Pour les dix premiers mois.
(g) First ten months
SOUBCE; ROYAUME-UNI
— UNITED
KINGDOM:
Imperial Economic Committee: World Consumption
Section 9 (suite)
TABLEAU 3 . EXPORTATIONS ET IMPORTATIONS DE TISSUS DE RAYONN
TABLE 3 . EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF RAYON TISSUES, SELECTE
A. Exportations (volume) — Exporte (by vo
P —• Tissus de
M = Tissus de
(Q) = Milliers de quintaux — Thousand quintals
(Y) = Millions de yards carrés — Million square yards
1929
Fay«
Italie (Q):
p
M
1930
18.1
1931
1932
1933
1
21.2
20.6
22.0
2
2
4
Total
Japon (6)
(Y)
Royaume-Uni
M (e)
Allemagne
• p
M
(Y):
(47.6) (c)
(84.5) (c)
139.5
241.7
260.1
34
(7.6) (d)
80.7
7.4
57.2
6.2
36.4
10.6
44.3
10.8
42.9
1
(4
(88.3) (d)
64.6
43.6
54.9
53.7
(6
(Q):
Total
Pour les notes, voir p. 80,
1
2
Section 9 (suite)
TABLEAU
Pays
Etats-Unis
P
M
1929
1930
3 (suite) —
1931
TABLE
1932
3
(continu
1933
1
(Y):
Total
France (6)
Pays-Bas
M
P
3
(Q)
(Q):
Total
Suisse (Q):
P
M
Total
Tchécoslovaquie (/)
(Q) .
(a) Ces données ne se rapportent qu'à neuf mois.
(b) Tissus de rayonne pure pour la plupart; y compris cependant un peu
de tissus de mi-rayonne.
(c) Ces données ne sont pas strictement comparables à celles de 19311935; elles sont par rapport à celles-ci des évaluations de volume un peu
trop faibles.
(d) Evaluations, faites en admettant que le poids du yard carré était
le même qu'en 1930.
(e) Tissus mixtes de rayonne et coton seulement en 1929-1933; en 1934
et 1935, tous les tissus de mi-rayonne.
(/) Tissus de rayonne seulement.
(a) Data for nine
(b) Mostly rayon t
tissues.
(cl Not strictly com
states volume of expo
(d) Estimated by
(e) Rayon and cott
included in figures for
(/) Rayon tissues
Section 9 (suite)
TABLEAU
3 (suite) —
3 (continu
TABLE
B. Importations (volume) — Imports (by vol
(Q) =
Milliers de quintaux — Thousand quintals
T
= Tissus d
mi
P = Tissus d
M = Tissus d
(Y) = Millions de yards carrés — Million square yards
(L) = Millions de yards linéaires — Million linear yards
Paye
Catégories
Aden (a) (L)
Allemagne ( 0 )
Argentine (l>) (Q)
. .
Australie (c) (Y) . . . ,
Brésil (Q)
Canada (a) (Q)
Canada (L)
Ceylan (L)
Côte do l'Or (Y) . . . .
E g y p t e (Q)
Etats-Unis (Q)
France (Q)
I n d e (Li
Indes néerlandaises (Q) .
dont:
J a v a et Madura . . .
Iles extérieures . . .
I r a k (L)
Italie (Q)
Pour ¡es notes, uoir p . 82.
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
P
T
T
T
T
T
P
P
T
T
P
P
P
P
P
T
P
1929
0.61
1930
0.57
1931
0.65
1932
1933
1.97
0.83
3.34
2.51
(2.73)
(1.58)
28.42
3.06
1.91
5.25
4.42
2.43
0.34
44.10
—
5.40
0.01
5.04
4.24
5.96
2.09
21.78
14.35
0.82
1.43
73.90
15.80
56.52
1.47
2.87
2.12
(1.91)
(1.31)
(16.39)
(10.19)
(10.61)
(2.41)
0.06
(2.84)
(1.30)
(7.87)
(1.67)
0.01
(2.84)
(2.24)
(6.97)
(2.47)
0.01
11.26
20.05
1.61
21.47
2.97
4.83
7.21
1.30
2.59
47.13
1.21
4.44
54.22
1.29
2.42
116.25
105.62
57.14
8.30
2.31
15.53
10.46
1.22
1.81
73.16
60.55
65.34
48.02
9.12
11.39
0.94
0.51
54.76
10.58
12.43
1.42
1.10
20.00
37.82
1.18
4.30
83.04
71.79
40.14
14.45
6.45
7.40 (d)
29.19
8.63
6.68
1.24
0.81
33.17
6.97
11.04
1.13
0.62
1934
47.27
9.25
(16.77)(e
1.56
1.39
Section 9 (suite)
TABLEAU
Paya
P
P
P
T
P
T
P
P
P
T
P
P
T
P
P
Philippines (Y)
. . . .
Rhodésie du Nord (L) .
Royaume-Uni (Y) . . .
. . . .
Suède (Q)
Suisse (Q):
Net
TABLE
3 (continu
Catégories
Kenia et Ouganda (L) .
Malaisie (Y)
Nigeria (Y)
Norvège (Q)
Nyassaland (L)
. . . .
Pays-Bas (Q)
Sierra Leone (Y)
Soudan (Q)
3 (suite) —
{
Trafic de p e r f e c t i o n n e - /
ment
\
Tanganyika (L)
. . . .
Union
Sud-Africaine (c) (Y).
T
P
T
P
P
1.02
11.60
0.94
12.66
1.39
9.65
3.77
12.18
5.23
3.71
16.98
7.33
62
13.76
5.68
17,46
9,28
24.27
15.80
7.71
0'.36
28.82
21.76
6.95
60.42
39.98
32'.16
25.48
3.91
14.75
5.08
3.85
0.05
21.14
16.49
9.73
0.07
22.17
15.73
0.41
5.05
4.83
1.45
18)
(2.72)
(l'.40)
55
1.04
l'.40
2'.75
2.29
0.95
29'.98
21.77
0.56
5.24
5.10
1.04
0.46
5.36
1.60
5.08
3.38
1.03
3.99
0.99
7.00
5.45
1.46
4.01
0.87
8.23
6.40
1.20
(15.62)
(12.92)
(17.09)
(11.49)
(23.37)
(16.17)
40
0.54
48)
78)
(6.15)
(1.75)
(14.14)
(10.14)
(a) Années fiscales: Aden, 1928/29-1934/35; Canada, 1929/30-1935/36.
(6) Les chiffres entre parenthèses représentent le total des exportations
de l'Italie et du Royaume-Uni, pour a u t a n t qu'on a pu l'évaluer.
(c) Les chiffres entre parenthèses représentent le total des exportations
du Japon et du Royaume-Uni, pour autant, qu'on a pu l'évaluer; les autres
chiffres se r a p p o r t e n t aux années fiscales 1932/33-1934/35.
(d) Avril-décembre.
(e) Millions de yards carrés.
(a) Fiscal y e a r s : A
(b) Figures in pare
mined, of exports from
(c) Figures in pare
mined, of exports from
fiscal years 1932/33-19
(d) April-December
(e) Million square
SOURCE: Joint Committee of Cotton Trade Organisations: Cotton Troda Statistics,
1933, 1936, pass
Section 9 (suite)
TABLEAU 4 . EXPORTATIONS D'ARTICLES DE COTON, PRINCIPAUX PA
TABLE 4 . EXPORTS OF ALL COTTON MANUFACTURES, PRINCIPAL EXP
(En millions de livres sterling — In million
Royaume-Unl. .
Etats-Unis . . .
Japon
Inde
France
. . . .
Italie
Tchécoslovaquie.
Pays-Bas . . .
Allemagne . . .
Suisse
Belgique . . . .
1924
1925
192S
1927
200.4
30.0
44.6
7.6
36.3
22.1
15.3
7.9
24.5
16.1
8.7
200.5
30.7
50.9
7.5
28.2
23.7
19.5
10.6
24.6
13.8
9.9
155.4
26.5
50.6
7.7
23.8
19.1
14.9
9.3
24.1
10.7
8.4
149.7
27.4
45.0
7.1
33.9
19.0
18.5
9.3
23.6
11.8
9.1
1923
146.1
27.7
40.0
6.0
28.8
20.4
18.1
10.0
24.6
10.7
' 11.3
1929
136.3
27.8
46.0
6.0
26.4
20.2
17.2
9.7
24.4
9.5
10.9
1930
88.2
18.2
32.8
4.2
21.0
15.0
14.5
6.9
20.9
7.2
9.1
1931
57.0
13.3
24.8
3.5
15.2
11.5
10.3
5.0
17.6
5.9
8.8
1932
63.4
13.0
26.8
2.9
14.1
10.7
6.5
3.2
11.8
4.1
6.3
SOURCE: Joint Committee of Cotton Trade Organisations: Cotton Trade Statistics, 1936, table 120.
Section 10: Changements de structure de l'industr
Section 10: Structural changes in the textile in
TABLEAU 1. PRODUCTION DES FIBRES TEXTILES, EN POURCENTAGE DE LA
DE BASE,
1925-1934 (a)
TABLE 1. PRODUCTION OF TEXTILE FIBRES AS PERCENTAGE OF AGGREGA
COMMODITIES,
1925-1934 (a)
(Production totale de chaque continent = 100 —• Total production o
1S25
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
5.9
6.2
5.6
5.9
5.9
5.9
6.2
6.0
1.9
2.1
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.1
2.2
2.6
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.8
3.0
2.9
6.3
6.8
5.3
5.6
5.9
6.0
7.5
6.4
4.8
4.9
4.8
4.6
5.2
4.7
4.8
4.8
Afrique
15.4
15.5
13.8
15.5
15.5
15.6
14.6
14.0
Asie
12.3
12.2
12.4
12.8
12.5
12.5
10.7
11.3
Oceanie
18.8
19.9
19.3
19.7
19.5
17.9
19.0
18.3
Monde
Europe (à l'exclusion de
ru.R.s.s.)
Europe (y compris l'U.R.S.S.)
Amérique du Nord
Amérique latine
. . . .
(a) Totaux de la production annuelle pondérés par les prix de 1930.
SOURCE: Société des Nations: La production mondiale et les prix, 1935/36,
annexe I, tableau 4.
(a) Annual productio
SOURCE: League of Nat
dix I, table 4.
Section 10 (suite)
TABLEAU 2 . INDICES DE LA PRODUCTION MONDIALE DES FIBRE
TABLE 2 . INDICES OF WORLD PRODUCTION, TEXTILE FIB
(Moyenne de 1925-1929 = 100 — Average annual production in
Coton (égrené)
Lin (filasse)
Chanvre (filasse) . . . .
Chanvre de Manille (Abaca)
Sisal (Agave) (a). . . .
Chanvre de l'Ile Maurice .
Chanvre de NouvelleZélande (Phornlum) .
Jute (fibre)
. . . . . .
Laine (de mouton, en suint)
Laine mohair
Soie (grège)
Rayonne (soie artificielle)
Schappc artificielle
(« staple libre •) * . . .
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
19S1
1932
105
103
106
97
93
85
93
87
92
80
87
63
106
95
97
98
92
59
150
118
98
105
93
72
90
86
101
93
103
68
110
99
100
107
99
99
100
101
100
96
107
85
76
96
104
103
108
121
99
115
96
115
105
203
71
100
106
103
113
145
98
119
90
105
109
110
59
109
102
95
110
150
103
129
72
87
100
42
16
54
102
93
107
168
90
113
62
70
112
42
20
69
102
96
97
180
(110)
(240)
(100)
• Indices basés en partie sur des estimations.
(o) Y compris le henequén mexicain, le sisal des Antilles et de l'Afrique
occidentale et orientale, le sisal et le cantala de Java et Sumatra et le maguey
des Philippines.
Extrait de:
SOCIÉTÉ DES NATIONS:
1935/36, annexe I, tableau I.
La production mondiale et les prix
(90)
193
9
12
6
7
12
4
3
7
9
9
10
23
(32
* Partly based on es
(a) Including Mexica
African sisal, Java and S
Reprinted from : LEAGUE
Appendix I, table 1
Section 10 (suite)
TABLEAU 3 . RÉPARTITION EN POURCENTAGES DE LA PRODUCTION GLOBALE
CONTINENTAUX, 1 9 2 5 - 1 9 3 5 ( a )
TABLE 3 . PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF AGGREGATE PRODUCTION OF TEXTIL
1925-1935 (a)
(Total mondial = 100 — World t o t a l = 100)
1925
E u r o p e (non compris
ru.R.s.s.)
1926
1927
1928
Amérique du Nord
Amérique latine
1931
1930
1932
193
10.9
10.6
12.4
12.1
12.7
12.S
11.6
12.7
13
....
18.5
17.7
20.6
20.7
21.3
21.5
21.3
21.8
21
. .
32.5
34.7
28.1
29.0
29.4
28.7
34.4
29.1
28
. . . .
6.2
6.2
6.5
6.0
6.4
6.1
5.9
6.1
6
6.3
6.0
5.9
6.4
6.6
6.5
5.8
6.0
6
29.3
27.8
31.0
30.2
29.0
29.9
24.8
28.2
28
7.2
7.6
7.9
7.7
7.3
7.3
7.8
8.8
7
....
E u r o p e (y compris
ru.R.s.s.)
1929
100
100
100
100
100
* Pourcentages basés en partie sur des estimations.
(a) Totaux de la production annuelle pondérés par les prix de 1930.
Extrait de: SOCIÉTÉ DES NATIONS: La production mondiale et les prix
1935/36, annexe I, tableau 3.
100
100
100
100
* Partly based on e
(a) Annual productio
Reprinted from: LEAO
1935/36, Appendix I
Section 10 (suite)
TABLEAU 4 .
CONSOMMATION
DE
COTON
BRUT PAR LES FILATURES,
TABLE 4 . MILL CONSUMPTION
OF R A W C O T T O N ,
AVAN
PRE-WAR
(Milliers de balles de divers poids — Thousands of ru
1909/10
1912/13
1912/13
1923/24
11,671
12,146
8,074
9,598
10,232
3,945
1,730
988
2,326
902
826
(6)
335
232
(c)
83
92
4,274
1,700
1,010
2,508
790
837
(b>
358
257
(c)
85
98
2,718
972
1,063
597
942
133
417
366
296
179
.' 56
101
2,235
1,211
1,122
1,084
1,002
136
484
352
305
209
136
108
3,022
1,148
1,179
1,752
1,037
159
477
407
353
190
152
114
3,642
3,766
5,973
6,509
6,635
1,475
2,167
(c)
5,261
1,589
2,177
(c)
5,899
2,337
2,065
1,571
2,459
2,440
1,610
2,816
2,064
1,755
6,292
7,014
7,610
5,139
122
(d)
(d)
5,786
113
(d)
(d)
5,612
152
149
379
6,127
161
193
533
6,395
211
222
782
(moyenne)
1924/25
1925/26
(average)
Europe
dont:
Royaume-Uni .
Allemagne . .
France
U.R.S.S
Italie
Autriche
. . .
Tchécoslovaquie
Espagne
. . .
Belgique
. . .
Poloune
. . .
Pays-Bas . . .
Suisse
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Asie
dont:
Japon
I n d e britannique
Chine
Amérique
dont:
Etats-Unis . . .
Canada
Mexique
. . . .
Brésil
Pays non spécifiée .
Ensemble
dee pays
1,063
1,121
91
173
204
21,637
22,932
20,430
23,294
24,681
(a) Pour la période d'avant-guerre, années finissant le 31 août; pour
(a) Pre-war, years en
colle d'après-guerre, années finissant le 31 juillet.
(b) Données comprises dans celles de l'Autriche.
(b) Included with Au
(c) Données comprises dans celles de l'U.R.S.S.
(c) Included with U
(d) Données comprises dans celles des pays non spécifiés.
(d) Included with co
SOURCE: ROYAUME-UNI — UNITED KINGDOM: Committee on Industry and Trade: Survey of Textile
Section 10 (suite)
TABLEAU 5. RÉPARTITION INTERNATIONALE DES BROCHES POUR LE FIL
ET APRÈS-GUERRE (a)
TABLE 5. INTERNATIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF COTTON-SPINNING SPINDL
(En milliers de broches — In thousand spindl
1911
PayB
53,859
7,397
1,000
10,300
465
1,322
7,200
1,485
1,853
4,215
U.R.S.S
Pologne
Allemagne
Pays-Bas
Espagne
}
Total, E u r o p e (6)
Brésil
Total, Amérique
Total, Asie
4,687
1914
55,972
7,481
1,400
11,405
500
1,518
7,400
1,384
2,000
4,600
4,941 {
56,613
7,246
1,200
9,500
638
1,673
9,600
1,519
1,813
4,560
1,023
3,502
95,151
100,012
100,339
28,500
855
600
1,000
31,520
860
750
1,400
37,225
1,076
770
1,680
30,955
34,530
40,751
6,196
2,095
1,200 (6)
6,397
2,415
1,350 (b)
7,331
4,754
2,552
9,491 (b)
10,162 (b)
14,637
Autres p a y s
E n s e m b l e des pays
1923
254
. . . .
135,597
144,704
155,981
(a) Evaluations de la Fédération internationale cotonnière.
(a) As estimated by
Spinners' and Manufact
(b) Y compris d'autres pays non spécifiés.
(b) Including other u
SOURCE: ROYAUME-UNI — UNITED KINSDOM: Committee on Industry and Trade: Survey o Textil
Section 10 (suite)
TABLEAU 6 . RÉPARTITION INTERNATIONALE DES METIERS MECANIQUES POUR L
ET APRÈS-GUERRE
TABLE 6 . INTERNATIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF COTTON POWER LOOMS
1918
<m
or
Pays
Nombre des metiera
N u m b e r of looms
Europe :
Royaume-Unl .
Allemagne (a) .
France (a) . .
U.1Ì.S.S
Italie
Autriche (6) . .
Hongrie
Tchécoslovaquie
Belgique
Espagne
Portugal
Pologne
Suisse
Pays-Bas
Suède
Finlande
Danemark
. .
Norvège
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
Total, E u r o p e . .
1914
1913/
1928 ° ° 1929
or
Pourcentage d u
total mondial
Percentage of
world total
Nombre des métiers
N u m b e r of looms
805,452
230,200
108,000
213,179
140,000
170,000
28.69
8.20
3.85
7.59
4.99
6.06
24,000
55,000
12,000
31,000
21*555
39,800
12,442
5,741
4,350
2,385
(i.85
1.96
0.43
1.11
0.77
1.42
0.44
0.21
0.15
0.08
739,887
250,000
192,600
159,100
150,000
27,186
]• 110,000 {
54,385
71,000
22,000
42,274
27,079
52,000
16,000
7,000
5,891
2,865
1,875,103
66.80
1,929,267
Pourcentage d u
t o t a l mondial
Percentage of
world total
I
Accroissement
absolu
Absolute increase
23.75
8.02
6.18
5.11
4.81
65,565
19,800
84,600
54,079
10,000
4.40
32,814
1.74
2.28
0.71
1.36
0.87
1.68
0.52
0.22
0.19
0.09
30,385
16,000
10,000
11,274
5,524
12,200
3,558
1,259
1,541
481
61.93
54,164
Accr
en p
Pe
in
1
Section 10 (suite)
TABLEAU
1913 °° 1914
or
Pays
Nombre de metiera
Number oí looms
Asie :
Inde(c)
Japon
Chine (c)
6 (suite) —
1928
Pourcentage du
total mondial
Percentage of
world total
0n
or
Nombre de métiers
Number of looms
TABLE
6 (continue
1913
1929
Pourcentage du
total mondial
Percentage of
world total
Accrolssemeut
abBolu
Absolut« increase
Acc
en p
Pe
i
94,136
20,634
5,852
3.35
0.73
0.22
166,532
82,276
29,788
5.34
2.64
0.96
72,396
61.642
23,936
2
4
. . .
120,622
4.30
278,596
8.94
157,974
1
. . . .
696,387
30,674
27,019
50,000
24.82
1.09
0.96
1.78
736,379
26,746
29,992
79,249
23.64
0.86
0.96
2.54
39,992
3,928
2,973
29,249
Total, Amérique .
28.00
68,286
Total, Asie
Amérique :
Etats-Unis
Canada
Mexique
Brésil
804,080
28.65
872,366
. . .
7,049
0.25
35,175
Ensemble des p a y s .
2,806,854
100.00
3,115,404
Autres pays (d)
•
1.13
28,126
100.00
308,550
(a) Le transfert de l'Alsace-Lorraine de l'Allemagne à la France a entraîné
celui de 50.258 métiers.
(6) Y compris la Hongrie et la Tchécoslovaquie en 1913 et la Hongrie
en 1929.
(c) A l'exclusion des métiers à bras.
(d) Y compris l'Estonie, la Lettonie et la Yougoslavie en 1929.
3
(a) France took ove
transfer of Alsace-Lorra
(b) Including Hung
1929.
(c) Excluding hand
(d) Including Estoni
SOURCE: A. Spälty: Die Lage der englischen Baitmwollindustrie, 1936, p. 64, d'après —• quoting: Slate
Section 10 (suite)
TABLEAU 7 . INDICES DE L'ACTIVITÉ DE L'INDUSTRIE TEXTILE DANS
TABLE 7 . INDICES OF TEXTILE MANUFACTURING ACTIVITY, SELEC
A. Industries textiles (indices composites) — Textile industries
(Moyenne 1925-1929 = 100 — Average 1925-1929
Pays
Amérique :
Canada . .
Etats-Unis.
1929
84
96
Aste :
89
Japon . .
Europe :
95
Allemagne: { Mensuel
Anmiel
96
82
Belgique
Danemark i . . . .
Estonie i
Finlande s
France
97
Grèce
75
Hongrie 3
95
Italie*
Norvège
1Ó2
Pays-Bas s
91
Pologne t>
82
Roumanie »
Board of
Trade '
(a)(100)
Koyaume- London and
Uni:
Cambridge:
trimestriel
106
annuel . .
104
86
Suède 8; { i)
Ü)
89
93
Tchécoslovaquie
61
U.R.S.S
1926
1931
1932
19
1927
1928
1929
1930
95
96
103
104
110
99
108
106
101
84
99
87
94
76
10
8
95
101
103
111
105
110
117
12
87
85
93
115
117
107
106
106
112
98
96
107
95
93
88
92
88
81
84
80
69
9
9
6
(14
(7
(10
7
15
11
(7
13
8
7
(15
(9
(92)
(93)
(104)
(96)
(104)
(105)
(112)
(103)
(102)
(114)
(99)
(95)
(116)
(82)
(89)
(126)
(78)
(90)
104
92
89
95
101
100
106
116
108
(100)
98
117
108
(102)
91
128
110
76
135
111
64
140
95
(91)
(82)
(67)
89
95
78
96
102
115
99
105
118
114
107
108
125
102
83
138
81
68
(90)
(108)
(114)
106
93
79
(109)
(139)
(102)
(100)
(99)
(80)
(77)
(85)
92
96
96
98
85
105
104
103
102
111
98
98
108
107
106
99
98
108
105
105
79
79
114
107
95
78
82
105
94
87
83
101
119
140
139
145
88
87
118
114
71
162
(89)
(103)
* Chiffre provisoire. — (o) 1924. — (b) Huit premiers mois.
1 Danemark, Estonie: base 1927-1929.
2 Finlande: base 1926-1929.
s Hongrie et Pays-Bas: indice ayant pour base le nombre d'ouvriers
employés.
* Italie: base 1928.
6 Pologne: Indice ayant pour base le nombre d'heures de travail effectuées.
0 Roumanie: base 1927-1929.
' Royaume-Uni: Indice du Board of Trade: base 1924, 1927-1929.
s Suède: i) indice général comprenant la bonneterie et les vêtements;
ii) indice de la production de filés et de tissus.
•
1
2
s
*
s
«
'8
9
9
12
11
6
17
Provisional figure. —
Denmark, Estonia:
Finland: base 1926
Hungary,'Netherlan
Italy: base 1928.
Poland: index base
Rumania: base 192
United Kingdom: B
Sweden: (1) general
of production of yarn a
Section 10 (suite)
TABLEAU
7 (suite) —
TABLE
7 (continued
B. Industries du coton f —- Cotton industrie
(Moyenne 1925-1929 = 100 — Average 1925-1929
Amérique :
I
I m p o r t , de coton
brut
Filature
Filature et tissage i
Filature 2
Tissage :
imprimé s
Etatsblanc, teint
Unis:
primé
blanchi, teint,
imprimé s
Chili: Tissage * .
Asie:
Filature
Chine 6; \f Tissage
/
Filature
I n d e (a) X Tissage •
f Filature
J a p o n : \ Tissage
Europe :
{
Indice général
Filature . .
Tissage » . .
89
90
102
99
104
108
102
100
103
103
77
86
73
79
75
82
82
94
103
98
106
108
109
97
101
103
89
79
87
79
84
73
1
(1
99
102
(88)
(43)
91
90
95
89
103
105
1Ó7
104
102
93
88
83
(6)(79)
(94)
(106)
(84)
(96)
(97)
106
94
100
66
62
57
(94)
(96)
(110)
(122)
(1Ó0)
(154)
(2
(103)
(98)
107
110
99
98
(108)
(159)
86
86
96
104
(121)
(160)
115
114
98
105
(113)
(157)
128
130
100
106
(112)
(196)
134
135
HO
116
(1
(1
12
12
1
1
113
117
(105)
104
104
(101)
90
85
(93)
87
78
(95)
86
77
(95)
1
9
(1
lio
109
109
116
92
90
(93)
6
r Filature .
Aniridie : \ Tissage i
Belgique: Filature
{'"issage
S (c)
Bulgarie * :{Ç"
: { ~ Filature
Danemark: j' £,
r issage
Espagne: Filature 9 .
bscome. ^ T i s s ; l g e „
Finlande- ^/ TFlisl sa at ug er e10
Kinianae.
Filature
France:
Tissage .
Grèce- /{ Filature
.
orece.
Tissage
Hontri-lc- |/ TFilature
nongilc.
l s s a g e ,o
Etat libre d'Irlande:
Tissage "
. . . .
f iImport,
n
de coton
talie: <
Italie:
{ Fpj
il!llure n ]
[ Ti
Tissage i 2 .
Lettonie «: / Filature
Tissage
Norvège .: {
?
102
99
86
79
87
89
92
88
108
110
101
102
102
100
115
117
89
106
105
103
87
94
93
82
1Ó5
95
109
111
1Ó2
92
96
97
99
96
99
99
99
84
69
(93)
10!)
(106)
92
92
97
96
90
73
59
73
86
(87)
102
103
~
(87)
(91)
P o l o g n e . ^ ™
Portugal: Filature i*
Rumarne: {
™
Royaume- r Board of Trade
Uni 'O: < London and
Filature I Cambridge.
F atur
Suèdesueoe. ^( T i"s s a g ee • .- .- . -.
Tchécoslovaquie:
Filature io
„ „ „ - . / Filature "
U.H.b.S.. { T l s s a g e . . .
Pour les notes, voir p. 91
Ill
98
100
104
98
92
117
109
111
104
101
102
111
113
105
80
63
1Ó0
65
90
(87)
(94)
(97)
(98)
(109)
(109)
89
85'
100
(100)
(100)
(1Ó0)
(97)
(106)
(104)
(104)
(103)
107
137
88
117
80
84
87
114
69
72.
(204)
(97)
(241)
(133)
123
HI
97
61
133
118
103
58
(61)
(54)
86
86
64
77
130
164
194
114
89
84
46
59
130
164
231
132
1
3
2
1
(106)
(163)
(1
73
82
(80)
(75)
(58)
(111)
(100)
(97)
(96)
(82)
(78)
(70)
(82)
(84)
(76)
(75)
(164)
(148)
(158)
(72)
(63)
(75)
(61)
(98)
115
167
135
203
1
(3
(1
1
1
(
1
1
(
(
(1
(2
(1
(1
(
(
(
(
(
1
2
(108)
(100)
(75)
(83)
(
112
84
83
94
99
99
105
104
105
95
110
106
74
95
101
76
118
129
1
1
108
79
117
99
73
(d)(94)
(7
64
(100)
91
104
115
83
109
(1
1
N O T E S AU T A B L E A U 7 B
—
N O T E S TO TABLE
t Sauf indication contraire, les indices de l'activité des filatures se
rapportent à la production de fllés de coton et ceux de l'activité des tissages
ont t r a i t à la production de tissus de coton.
t Unless otherwise s
production, and those
(a) Période de douze mois finissant le 31 mars de l'année suivante. —
(b) Second semestre. — (c) Période de douze mois finissant le 31 janvier
de l'année suivante. — (d) 1924. — (e) Premier semestre. — (/) H u i t premiers
mois.
i Canada: indice de la production des fllés et des tissus de coton.
2 E t a t s - U n i s : indice a y a n t pour base la consommation de coton brut
par les filatures.
s E t a t s - U n i s : i m p r i m é : base 1928-1929; blanchi, teint et imprimé:
base 1934.
* Chili: base 1927-1929.
5 Chine: base 1925, 1927, 1928.
8 Allemagne (tissage), Estonie (tissage), Norvège et Pologne: base 19271929.
^ Autriche et Pays-Bas (tissage) : indice ayant pour base la consommation
de 8 fllés par les usines de tissage.
Bulgarie et L e t t o n i e : base 1929.
s E s p a g n e : indice a y a n t pour base la quantité de fllés de coton vendue
à Barcelone.
io Finlande (tissage) et Hongrie (tissage): indice de la production des
usines de tissage.
« Irlande, E t a t libre: base 1926 et 1929.
12 I t a l i e : base 1928.
la Pays-Bas: base 1926-1929.
i* P o r t u g a l : base 1930.
15 R o y a u m e - U n i : Board of T r a d e : base 1924, 1927-1929; indice établi
d'après les quantités de coton brut livrées aux filatures. London and Cambridge Economie Service: indice annuel ayant pour base la q u a n t i t é de
filés produits et manufacturés.
le Tchécoslovaquie: indice ayant pour base la consommation de coton
brut p a r les usines.
i ' U.R.S.S. (filature): base 1932.
(a) Twelve m o n t h s e
year. — (c) Twelve mo
(e) First half-year. —
i Canada: index of
2 United S t a t e s : indi
3 United S t a t e s : prin
base 1934.
* Chile: base 1927-1
5 China: base 1925,
o Germany (weaving
1929.
' Austria, Netherlan
by weavers.
s Bulgaria, L a t v i a : b
« Spain: index based
io Finland, H u n g a r y
l i Irish Free S t a t e :
12 I t a l y : base 1928.
is Netherlands: base
i* P o r t u g a l : base 19
I" United Kingdom
raw cotton delivered to
annual index based on
i» Czechoslovakia: i
cotton.
« U.S.S.R. (spinnin
Section 10 (suite)
TABLEAU
7 (suite) —
TABLE
7 (continued
C. Industries du lin, du chanvre, du jute, etc. —Linen, Hemp a
(Moyenne 1925-1929 = 100 — Average 1925-1929
Pay!
Amérique :
C a n a d a : Lin, chanvre et J u t e .
Lin
EtatsChanvre
Unis i:' Sisal et henequln .
Chanvre de Manille.
Kapok
Total
. . . .
Asie :
I n d e : Industrie du j u t e 2 . .
J a p o n : Files de chanvre, de
j u t e et de lin
1925
1928
1927
1923
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
87
80
95
156
106
103
116
99
94
85
123
112
92
114
96
96
101
114
81
83
92
85
111
97
108
112
100
82
105
78
90
100
109
109
102
68
105
119
86
108
93
76
119
71
67
106
98
79
83
80
56
50
69
51
95
69
77
36
03
25
131
42
94
82
75
64
84
31
98
54
76
78
93
96
99
104
107
95
73
76
76
84
76
59
114
167
143
127
141
173
124
128
120
87
102
78
80
78
81
84
79
82
80
92
83
68
1Ó1
71
77
105
86
62
(80)
(82)
85
82
88
107
113
125
97
115
(97)
84
66
118
97
(116)
(114)
117
78
72
82
106
103
105
136
81
(111)
144
237
101
90
(123)
(136)
130
(120)
(118)
69
68
66
86
73
84
158
105
(119)
110
232
87
68
(98)
(91)
120
61
59
56
73
61
64
213
159
(122)
101
229
65
50
(84)
(72)
75
(102)
(79)
58
61
49
64
50
66
209
181
(104)
106
251
57
44
(119)
(111)
61
(130)
(75)
66
69
53
74
60
44
90
106
133
133
131
118
102
99
104
158
(92)
111
81
114
102
(60)
(50)
105
Europe :
f Industrie du lin
Filature de lin .
Allemagne: l Tissage de lin .
Filât, de chanvre
1 Filature de j u t e
Belgique: Industrie du lin a .
maarrK
k -. {/ Tissage de lin .
un aa nn epm
Filature de jute
f Industrie du lin
E s t o n i e * : i Tissage de lin .
1 Tissage de j u t e .
1 Filature de lin .
FlnlandpJ Tissage de lin .
uinianae.
< Filature de j u t e *
l Tissage de j u t e *
H o n g r i e : Tissage de j u t e . .
E t a t libre / Tissage de lin .
d ' I r l a n d e 6 : \ Tissage de j u t e .
54
249
232
(90)
86
196
66
56
(129)
(114)
90
(118)
(102)
Section 10 (suite)
TABLEAU
1925
Filature de lin et
de chanvre . .
Tissage de lin et de
Italie 6:
chanvre . . .
Filature de j u t e .
Tissage de j u t e . .
Lettonie ? : Filature de lin . .
Filât, de chanvre
Tissage de lin et
Norvège <
de j u t e . . .
F i l a t u r e de lin .
Filature de j u t e
Filât, de chanvre
Pologne *:
Tissage de lin .
Tissage de j u t e .
Tiss. de chanvre
Roumanie : Industrie du lin, du
chanvre et du j u t e
. . . .
Royaume-Uni » : J u t e , chanvre
et lin
Filature de lin et
de chanvre . .
Tissage de lin et de
Suède:
chanvre
. . .
Filature de j u t e .
Tissage de j u t e . .
Tchécoslo- / Industrie du j u t e
vaquie s ; \ Filature de lin .
U.R.S.S. : Tissage de lin *
1926
1927
7 (suite) —
1928
1929
7 (continu
TABLE
1930
1931
I
| 1932
1933
(100)
(97)
(83)
(77)
(84)
(90)
(100)
(100)
(100)
(92)
(92)
(90)
(78)
(112)
(82)
(81)
(79)
(60)
(94)
(73)
(70)
(66)
(55)
(118)
(74)
(78)
(75)
(82)
(131)
(88)
(105)
(104)
(105)
(105)
(100)
(107)
(86)
(82)
(80)
(52)
(79)
(81)
(10)
(92)
(111)
(105)
(162)
(115)
(103)
(167)
(122)
(107)
(115)
(86)
(107)
(115)
(124)
(110)
(84)
(82)
(83)
(93)
(86)
(194)
(61)
(90)
(58)
(64)
(90)
(58)
(176)
(104)
(130)
(50)
(57)
(135)
(47)
(161)
(105)
(169)
(48)
(61)
(216)
(45)
(96)
102
92
68
159
79
280
364
459
535
97
73
121
101
107
78
78
75
87
99
101
103
107
90
89
80
97
82
98
94
99
99
94
93
91
89
82
94
102
97
98
107
125
106
105
103
102
92
102
113
110
110
94
100
112
110
116
88
86
87
92
101
80
96
104
115
49
69
95
129
128
78
61
(97)
(93)
(111)
(115)
(112)
(76)
(81)
(a) H u i t premiers mois.
i E t a t s - U n i s : indices a y a n t pour base les importations de fibres non
manufacturées.
2 I n d e : indice des exportations de sacs et de tissus de j u t e .
3 Belgique: indice a y a n t pour base les importations de lin.
* Estonie (lin), Finlande (jute), Norvège, Pologne, U . R . S . S . : base 19271929.
6 Irlande, E t a t libre: base 1926 et 1929.
6 Italie: base 1928.
' L e t t o n i e : base 1929.
8 R o y a u m e - U n i : indice a y a n t pour base les importations nettes de m a tières premières, plus la production du p a y s .
o Tchécoslovaquie: indices a y a n t pour base les importations de j u t e et
la production de filés de lin.
(a) First eight mon
i United S t a t e s : ind
2 I n d i a : index of ex
Belgium: index ba
* Estonia (flax), Fin
1929.
s Irish Free S t a t e : b
6 I t a l y , base 1928.
' L a t v i a : base 1929.
8 United Kingdom:
plus home crops.
» Czechoslovakia: In
linen y a r n .
3
Section 10 (suite)
TABLEAU
7 (suite) —
TABLE
7 (continued
D. Industries de la laine f — Wool industri
(Moyenne 1925-1929 = 100 — Average 1925-1929 =
Amérique :
{
Indice général i
Filature
Tissage
Etats-Unis:
Filature et tissage
Chili:
Asie
: Filature 3 .
/ Filature
Japon : l Tissage
. . .
. . .
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
19
93
84
96
102
110
94
98
101
103
102
100
112
107
111
98
85
111
92
105
69
81
76
75
75
85
94
85
71
99
109
66
(73)
(101)
(124)
(154)
(228)
(354)
13
12
12
9
(31
106
98
115
113
132
105
139
99
189
99
205
105
23
8
(111)
(111)
(96)
(102)
(93)
(87)
(99)
(87)
(97)
(83)
(88)
(67)
75
81
{Si
{
1920
95
2 . .
. . .
Europe :
Allemagne » : { ~ r e e
Belgique: Filature 6 .
Buigarie . : { ~ ™
Danemark: { ™ Espagne: Filature
Estonie: Tissage . .
7ilature
Finlande
L'issage .
France:
Filature et Tissage '
Grèce: Tissage . . .
1 Filature
Hongrie
(. Tissage
Etat libre d'Irlande:
Tissage «
. . . .
Italie: Tissage » . .
Lettonie»:
1925
~
Norvège *: { ^ a g e 6
Pour les notes, voir p. 9S.
72
104
76
84
114
115
¿6
92
85
102
101
99
109
103
92
1Ó1
1Ó8
107
112
125
108
99
105
132
100
89
79
97
103
96
72
95 '
94
103
105
109
97
92
(86)
(1Ó2)
(99)
(100)
(98)
(95)
111
(100)
(100)
113
114
104
92
90
80
85
80
66
(214)
(95)
(138)
(95)
(136)
(134)
112
110
138
97
132
138
72
76
83
122
168
105
140
162
96
95
73
122
. 116
112
123
69
81
94
125
(100)
(100)
(125)
(104)
(126)
(90)
(134)
(92)
(114)
(98)
(100)
(100)
(103)
(105)
(90)
(64)
(86)
(105)
(115)
(91)
(83)
(90)
(96)
(96)
(99)
(116)
(76)
(81)
(116)
(125)
(136)
100 '
(9
(7
8
(12
(14
17
14
11
16
13
12
9
17
(17
(12
(15
(8
(15
(16
(12
(14
Section 10 (suite)
TABLEAU 7 (suite)
Filature
Tissage .
Pologne a: { ~ r e
78
88
Roumanie:{?™
83
87
98
96
97
79
Pays-Bas:
Royaume-Uni io . .
S««"
{A ? ! !
Tchécoslovaquie :
Filature n . . . .
U.R.S.S.: Tissage
Oceanie :
f
Australie (a) : \
NouvelleZelande (b) : \
:{
Filature 12.
Tissage . .
Filature
Tissage .
86
88
•— TABLE 7 (continued
121
110
(72)
(63)
109
109
105
117
(93)
(83)
93
94
98
105
103
107
70
83
95
103
105
119
62
77
85
102
108
103
42
59
82
87
92
101
81
86
84
96
102
83
11
13
(7
(5
9
10
8
10
10
8
112
104
126
141
144
113
10
115
114
103
120
114
130
113
106
116
109
99
82
120
104
55
69
98
113
116
79
149
164
176
94
19
20
17
9
109
101
113
109
(108)
(113)
(99)
(104)
117
122
109
99
97
89
136
115
100
97
98
107
69
89
68
67
100
91
86
80
84
100
114
113
t Sauf indication contraire, les indices de l'activité des filatures se rapportent à la production de fllés de laine et ceux de l'activité des tissages ont trait
à la production des tissus de laine.
(a)-(f>) Période de douze mois Unissant (a) le 30 juin; (6) le 31 mars de
l'année suivante. — (c) Premier semestre. — (d) Huit premiers mois.
i Canada: indice général ayant pour base les importations de laine brute
et de filés de laine.
a Etats-Unis : indice ayant pour base la consommation de laine, l'activité
des machines et celle des métiers à carpettes et à tapis.
8 Chili, Allemagne, Norvège, Pologne: base 1927-1929.
* Japon: l'indice de la filature de 1925 à 1929 se rapporte à toutes les
usines du Japon proprement dit, pour 1930 et 1931 à 12 seulement, et depuis
1932 à 10 seulement des usines les plus importantes.
<> Belgique: indice ayant pour base les chiffres de la laine conditionnée à
Verviers et à Dison.
«7 Bulgarie, Hongrie, Lettonie: base 1929.
France: indice ayant pour base la laine conditionnée à Roubaix, Tourcoing et Mazamet, et l'activité des métiers.
80 Irlande, Etat libre, base 1926 et 1929.
Italie: base 1928-29; indice établi d'après l'activité des métiers.
io Royaume-Uni: indice déterminé principalement d'après la statistique
du commerce extérieur.
H Tchécoslovaquie: indice ayant pour base les importations de laine.
12 Australie (filature) : indice établi d'après les quantités de laine dégraissée
utilisées par les manufactures.
(79)
(58)
(67)
(45)
t Unless otherwise st
production, and those f
(a)-(6) Twelve months
(c) First half-year. — (
i Canada: general ind
2 United States: inde
loom and rug-loom acti
3 Chile, Germany, N
* Japan (spinning): 1
12, and since 1932, 10 l
5 Belgium: index of
o Bulgaria, Hungary,
? France: index base
Mazamet, and on loom
» Irish Free State: b
» Italy: base 1928-19
io United Kingdom:
it2 Czechoslovakia: in
i Australia (spinnin
Section 10 (suite)
TABLEAU
7 (suite) —
TABLE
7 (continued
E. Industries de la soie naturelle — Natural Silk I
(Moyenne 1925-1929 = 100 — Average 1925-1929 =
Payi
Amérique:
Canada l
u t - ! , f Livraisons et actiTiriii.
1 vité des métiers.
unls
- [ Livraisons . . .
Asie :
F1Iature
JTaipnonnn. - |Í T j 8 g a g e a • • • •
Europe :
Allemagne: Tissage» . .
F r a n c e : Filature * .
Hongrie » : {
~
1025
1926
1927
1928
1930
1931
1932
193
51
73
105
122
149
179
223
286
332
93
91
52 .
)2
99
100
104
104
112
113
104
106
104
108
92
100
(ft) 91
86
70
S2
107
98
141
125
(100)
142
(102)
147
(108)
146
(120
101
64
1 )6
Í59
(87)
75
196
(128)
(136)
(97)
(94)
(102)
(100)
(158)
(77)
61
240
(154)
(90)
(83)
(89)
(116)
(181)
(183)
(66)
35
296
(158)
(43)
(46)
(68)
(71)
(148)
(191)
(80
42
288
(146
(17
(51
(79
(100
(265
(274
-
e
(114)
88
95
(93)
(86)
(83)
(92)
(91)
92
139
(106)
(99)
(94)
(105)
(108'»
(1)
(125)
(92)
(114)
(116)
(114)
(119)
(126)
(136
90
92
114
104
119
121
117
127
88
103
112
52
HO
122
41
141
163
28
167
191
24
»*MÄ :
Pologne: Tissage 8 .
P o r t u g a l : Filature s
Roumanie s
. . .
' Board of
Trade . .
RoyaumeLondon and
Uni ï:
Cambridge
(annuel) . .
(trlmestr.) .
Suisse: Filature s . . . .
1929
(a) (78)
92
86
95
!7
7
Í1
(95)
112
114
(100)
(H6)
(100)
(100)
(92)
(a) 1924. — (6) Premier semestre. — (c) Neuf premiers mois. — (d) Huit
premiers mois.
i Canada: Indice de la production de soie et d'articles de soie.
s Japon (tissage), Portugal: base 1930.
s Allemagne, Hongrie, Roumanie: base 1927-1929.
* France: indice ayant pour base la soie conditionnée a Lyon.
* Italie: base 1928.
» Pologne: base 1928-29. Indice représentant la production de tissus de
soie, mi-soie, soie artificielle et mi-soie artificielle.
' Royaume-Uni: indice du Board of Trade avant pour base les livraisons
de soie naturelle pour la consommation Intérieure. Base: 1924, 1927-1929. —
Indice du London and Cambridge Economie Service: indice annuel ayant
pour base la consommation de soie et indice trimestriel ayant pour base la
consommation
de soie et la production de soie artificielle.
8
Suisse: indice ayant pour base les chiffres de la soie conditionnée à
Zurich et à Baie.
(a) 1924. — (6) First ha
months.
i Canada: production o
2 Japan (weaving), Por
s Germany, Hungary,
* France: index based
6 Italy: base 1928.
6 Poland: base 1928-192
silk and half-artificial silk
' United Kingdom: Boa
of natural silk for home co
Service: annual index: ba
silk consumed and artifici
s Switzerland: index ba
Extrait de: Société des Nations: La Production mondiale et les prix. 1935/36, anne
Reprinted from: League of Nations: World Production and Prices, 1935/36, App
Section 11 : Consommation réelle ou potentielle de matières
Section 11 : Actual or potential consumption of textile r
TABLEAU 1 . INDICES DE LA CONSOMMATION RÉELLE OU POTENTIELLE DE CER
TABLE 1. INDICES OF ACTUAL OR POTENTIAL CONSUMPTION, SELECTED P
(1925 [1924/25] = 100)
. Rayonne
Sulfate d'ammoniaque
Café
Energie hydroélectrique
Pétrole
P â t e de bois
. .
.
Ciment .
Potasse
Fabrication lainière
. . .
Fibres d'usage personnel
.
Ensemble des fibres textiles .
Sucre d e canne
Charbon
Coton
Fibres d'usage
Tabac
Bœuf
Blé
Chañare
industriel
et
1925
1924/25
1926
1925/26
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
114
102
119
HO
102
110
102
111
102
102
108
107
102
88
109
107
100
100
101
97
100
105
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
103
92
102
97
101
97
101
104
92
,
•
1927
1926/27
1928
1927/28
157
136
116
119
119
123
111
116
105
113
117
114
86
102
116
112
114
104
HO
113
108
113
192
151
125
135
155
137
123
122
119
121
124
124
107
116
116
112
112
113
119
104
105
112
120
84
104
97
105
97
101
106
95
111
98
107
102
103
96
100
115
94
N O T E S AU T A B L E A U 1 — N O T E S TO TABLE
N O T E . — Les « libres d'usage personnel » comprennent le coton, la laine,
le lin, la soie et la rayonne. Les « libres d'usage industriel et agricole • comprennent le j u t e et le chanvre.
L'indice relatif à la rayonne représente la production de ills; celui de la
soie, la production de soie grège; celui de la laine, la fabrication en Belgique,
en Espagne, aux E t a t s - U n i s , en France, au Japon, dans le Royaume-Uni,
en Tchécoslovaquie et d a n s PU.R.S.S., pondérée par les quantités de laine
brute disponibles en 1929; celui du jute, la consommation par les filatures
de l ' I n d e ; celui du coton, la consommation mondiale des filatures; les
indices du lin et du chanvre (et de la laine dans les totaux) représentent la
production du fibre b r u t . Tous les autres chiffres se rapportent à la production mondiale des différents produits de base. Les années indiquées
sont soit l'année civile, soit l'année agricole.
(o) Production non utilisée pour la fabrication de l'acier.
SOURCES: D'après les Annuaires statistiques de la Société des Nations, 19271935; La production mondiale et les prix, 1935/36; Cotton Trade Statistics, 1936; World Consumption
of Wool, 1928-1935;
Industrial
Fibres, 1936.
N O T E . — " Personal
silk and rayon. " Ind
j u t e and h e m p .
Rayon index represen
of manufacturing acti
Japan, United Kingdom
available supplies of r
cotton, world mill cons
t h e fibre totals) for wo
d a t a refer to world ou
are calendar or crop y
(a) Other t h a n for s
SOURCES: Computed fr
1927-1935; World
Statistics, 1936; W
Fibres, 1936.
— 102 —
Section 11 (suite)
T A B L E A U 2 . I N D I C E S D E LA CONSOMMATION D E CINQ F I B R E S
PAR L'INDUSTRIE TEXTILE D E S ÉTATS-UNIS,
TEXTILES
1925-1929
T A B L E 2 . I N D I C E S OF U N I T E D S T A T E S MILL C O N S U M P T I O N , FIVE T E X T I L E
*
FIBRES, 1925-1929
(1925 = 100)
Coton
Laine
Soie
Jute
Rayonne
1925
1926
1927
192S
1929
100
100
100
100
100
104
100
100
97
103
117
103
109
98
169
103
92
113
98
169
111
100
122
99
222
d'après, ETATS-UNIS —computed from,
on the Cotton Textile Industry, 1935, p. 82.
SOURCE:
Cotton
Wool
Silk
Jute
Rayon
UNITED STATES: Cabinet
Committee: Report
TABLEAU 3 . INDICES DE LA CONSOMMATION RÉELLE OU POTENTIELLE
DE CERTAINS PRODUITS DE BASE, AVANT-GUERRE ET APRÈS-GUERRE
TABLE 3 . INDICES OF ACTUAL OR POTENTIAL CONSUMPTION, SELECTED
PRIMARY COMMODITIES, PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR
(1909-1913 =
1926
1926/27
Rayonne
Caoutchouc
Cyanamide de calcium . .
Pétrole
Sulfate d'amoniaque . . .
Soufre
Soie
P â t e de bois
Cuivre
Acier
Sucre
Tabac
Café
F o n t e (a)
Etain
Laine
Fibres d'usage -personnel . .
Côlon
Charbon
Ensemble des fibres textiles.
Jute
Fibres d'usage industriel ou
agricole
Riz
Blé
Chanvre
Lin
100)
1929
1928/29
1,636
100
827
100
100
100
100
100
560
525
284
219
240
100
172
774
750
381
368
296
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
163
145
122
139
151
116
116
117
202
185
158
158
156
154
144
143
100
100
100
114
115
lié
127
124
122
100
108
100
100
112
105
121
100
105
114
100
100
109
111
113
110
100
100
106
101
104
99
(a) Production non utilisée pour la fabrication de l'acier.
N O T E . — Pour les sources et les explications, voir tableau 1 ci-dessus ; les chiffres pour
la laine du présent tableau se rapportent
cependant à la production mondiale de la
laine b r u t e .
207
121
119
(a)
Rayon
Rubber
Calcium cyanamide
Petroleum
Ammonium sulphate
Sulphur
Silk
Wood pulp
Copper
Steel
Sugar
Tobacco
Coffee
Pig iron (a)
Tin
Wool
" Personal consumption
Cotton
Coal
All textile fibres
Jute
" Industrial-agricultural
consumption
fibres
Rice
Wheat
Hemp
Flax
" fibres
"
Other than for steel-making.
N O T E . — For sources and explanations,
see table 1 above; wool figures in this table
refer, however, to world produticon of raw
wool.
— 103 —
Section 12 : Productivité des machines de l'industrie cotonnière
des Etats-Unis, 1922-1935
Section 12: Machine productivity,
United States cotton manufacturing, 1922-1935
En ce qui concerne l'industrie
cotonnière des Etats-Unis, on dispose de données statistiques relatives, d'une part, à l'activité des
broches (exprimée en heures-broches) et, d'autre part, à la consommation de coton brut par les filatures ainsi qu'à la production de
tissus finis. L'étude de ces chiffres
permet d'en tirer des conclusions
provisoires sur l'évolution de la
productivité des machines textiles
au cours de ces dernières années,
pour ce qui est tout au moins de
l'industrie du coton — la plus
importante de toutes les branches
de la fabrication des textiles — et
des Etats-Unis, dont les entreprises traitent un quart environ du
total mondial du coton brut.
En présentant ici les résultats de
l'analyse à laquelle on a soumis ces
chiffres, il est nécessaire de faire à
leur sujet de nombreuses réserves.
Premièrement, lesdits résultats reflètent peut-être en partie les variations du titre moyen des filés ou du
type courant des tissus fabriqués 1.
Deuxièmement, les fluctuations d'année en année du rendement moyen
des machines peuvent être attribuées
— pour une part — aux variations
du degré d'utilisation des installations « marginales » qui, tour à tour,
sont admises dans le champ de la
production ou doivent le quitter,
suivant la direction que prend la
courbe de l'activité économique
For cotton manufacturing in the
United States, statistics are available
relating to active spindle hours on
the one hand, and to mill consumption of raw cotton and output of
finished cloth on the other. Study
of these figures permits the drawing
of provisional conclusions as to
recent developments in textile machine productivity, at least for this
industry—the most important of the
textile industries—and for this
country, whose mills process about
a fourth of the world's raw cotton.
In presenting the results obtained
from analysis of these figures, many
reservations must be made. First,
part of the observed results may
reflect fluctations in average yarn
count or cloth construction.1 Second,
the year to year fluctuations in
average machine efficiency may be
attributable in part to the movement of " marginal " plant and
equipment into and out of produc-
1
1
The possible error here is small.
Le risque d'erreur découlant de ce
fait est d'ailleurs faible. Pour toute la For the period and country as a whole,
période 1922-1933 et dans l'ensemble yarn counts and cloth constructions
des Etats-Unis, la finesse des filés et did not vary considerably in the United
le type des tissus n'ont en effet pas States between 1922 and 1933. See
varié dans une forte mesure. Gf. Cabinet Cabinet Committee Report, p. 39, and
Committee Report, p. 39 et Cotton ClothCotton Cloth Report, p. 39.
Report, p. 39.
*
— 104 —
ainsi que — pour une autre part —
aux changements concomitants de
l'habileté professionnelle moyenne
de la main-d'oeuvre employée 1 .
Troisièmement, il faut que certaines
conditions soient réalisées pour que
l'on puisse utiliser le rapport du
volume de la production de tissus
au nombre des heures-broches effectuées pour mesurer — ne serait-ce
que de façon approximative — la
productivité globale des machines de
l'industrie du c o t o n 2 . Quatrième-
tion during various phases of the
business cycle, together with associated changes in t h e average skill
of the labour force. 1 Third, certain
postulates must be admitted before
the ratio of cloth output to spindle
hours operated may be used as
even a rough measure of the overall
machine efficiency of cotton manufacturing establishments. 2 Fourth,
it is probably true t h a t the observed
changes in machine efficiency mainly
reflect the shift of plant and equip-
1
Là aussi le risque d'erreur paraît
être faible. En effet, les fluctuations du
rendement des machines auxquelles on
fait allusion ici ont une allure si constante que l'influence, indubitable pourtant, des mouvements cycliques de
l'économie s'en trouve masquée.
2
Voici les plus importantes de ces
conditions: 1) il doit y avoir une nette
différence entre les variations du rendement global ainsi déterminé et celles
de la productivité des installations de
filage, calculée en divisant le chiffre du
volume de coton brut consommé dans
les filatures par le nombre des heuresbroches effectuées; 2) la répartition des
filés de coton entre les entreprises de
tricotage et les tissages, si elle change,
doit le faire selon un rythme relativement lent; 3) le volume des importations et exportations de filés de coton
ne doit constituer qu'une proportion
très faible de la production nationale
totale de filés; 4) certaines fluctuations
occasionnelles mises à part, le total des
tissus de coton produits au cours d'un
exercice déterminé doit correspondre au
volume global des filés fabriqués pendant la même période; de même, tous
les filés deii flcoton fabriqués au
cours
/Puri gx6p i^ ^^^°rminé dî"0!1^ être
transformés en tissus de coton pendant
la même période; 5) enfin, la condition
la plus importante de toutes est qu'il
doit y avoir des raisons étrangères aux
données statistiques de supposer que la
technique du tissage du coton s'est
améliorée quelque peu pendant la
période envisagée. Aucun de ces postulats ne semble s'éloigner beaucoup
de la réalité, pour l'industrie cotonnière
des Etats-Unis, de 1923 à 1933; dans.
leur ensemble, on peut considérer qu'ils
étaient réalisés, approximativement
tout au moins.
1
Again the possible error seems to
be small. The observed movements in
machine efficiency here in question
show a substantially continual trend,
so persistent as to obliterate the
undoubted operation of cyclical influences.
2
The major postulates are: (1) there
must be a significant difference between
the movement of overall efficiency thus
determined and that of spinning efficiency determined by dividing spindle
hours into volume of raw cotton mill
consumed; (2) the proportion of cotton
yarn going to knitting rather than
weaving mills, if changing at all, must
be changing at a relatively slow rate;
(3) the amounts of cotton yarn imported and exported must be in very
low ratio to total yarn domestically
produced; (4) giving due weight to
occasional fluctuations, all the cotton
cloth produced in a given year of
operation must represent yarn manufactured in that same period ; conversely, all the cotton yarn manufactured
in a given year of operation must be
transformed into cotton cloth during
that same period; (5) and most important, there must be reasons, external
VKJ t,ti,K, ü H M . W H W t U/LttU., I V I
OUJJpUOlllg
tildi/
cotton weaving technology was improving somewhat. None of these postulates, for United States cotton manufacturing from 1923 to 1933, would
seem to be unreasonable; in their
totality they may be accepted as
approximately valid.
— 105 —
ment, il est probablement exact que
les changements constatés dans la
productivité des machines résultent
principalement du déplacement de
l'équipement industriel des anciens
centres de production de la Nouvelle-Angleterre vers les localités
industrielles de création récente des
E t a t s du sud, et ne sont dus que
subsidiairement à l'introduction de
machines d'invention nouvelle dans
les centres existants 1 .
Compte tenu de ces réserves
nécessaires, on peut estimer, grosso
modo, que le rendement des broches
à coton utilisées dans les filatures des
Etats-Unis a augmenté de façon
constante, entre 1923 et 1935, à
concurrence de 1 pour cent environ
par année et, entre 1923 et 1929 plus
particulièrement, suivant un rythme
à peu près pareil. Bien que les chiffres
que l'on a établis indiquent une
chute de la productivité par broche
au cours de deux années différentes,
un mouvement ascendant général ne
se manifeste pas moins de façon non
équivoque.
On peut estimer en outre, avec
beaucoup moins de certitude toutefois, que, entre 1925 et 1933, la
productivité globale de l'équipement
de l'industrie cotonnière des E t a t s 1
Ce déplacement de la production
de la Nouvelle-Angleterre vers le sud
s'est effectué principalement par la
désaffectation des installations de vieux
modèle de la région textile « ancienne »
et l'introduction de machines modernes
dans la région de la production « nouvelle ». Dans une certaine mesure, toutefois, des machines installées ont été
réellement transférées d'une zone à
l'autre. Ce double mouvement de
retrait des installations anciennes et
d'introduction de machines nouvelles
a eu pour effet de relever le niveau
national moyen du rendement, indépendamment de l'influence que pouvait exercer le développement constant de l'utilisation des machines ou
des techniques de fabrication d'invention nouvelle.
ment from old New England centres
to " young " mill villages in the South,
and only secondarily the introduction of newly-invented machines
into existing mills. 1
Having due regard for the necessary reservations, it may be estimated, roughly, t h a t the mechanical
efficiency of cotton spindles oper.ating in United States mills was
steadily increasing, between 1923
and 1935, at an approximate rate of
1 per cent, yearly, and between 1923
and 1929, in particular, at a rate not
essentially different. Although the
figures indicate a fall in spindle
productivity in two different years,
the general upward trend is unequivocal.
W i t h much less confidence in the
result, it may be further estimated
t h a t between 1925 and 1933 the
overall efficiency of cotton manufacturing equipment operating in
1
In the movement from New
England to the South, the larger part
of the shift has taken the form of
retiring obsolete equipment in the
" old " textile area and of introducing
new equipment in the " young " one.
To some extent, however, machinery
in place has been actually transplanted.
This retirement of obsolescent equipment together with the introduction
of new machinery, has operated to
raise the average national level of
efficiency independently of the growing
use of newly-invented machines or
newly-devised manufacturing techniques.
— 106 —
Unis augmenta d'environ 1,5 pour
cent par année 1. Si les postulats sur
lesquels cette analyse est basée sont
acceptables, il s'ensuit que l'augmentation constatée doit être attribuée à l'amélioration du rendement
moyen et des broches et des métiers
à tisser.
Les chiffres sur lesquels ces conclusions sont fondées ont été réunis dans
le tableau ci-dessous:
Année
Year
1922/23
1924/25
1926/27
1928/29
1930/31
1932/33
1933/34
1934/35
Durée d'activité
dea broches
(en million
d "heures-brochea)
Active
apindle-hours
(millions)
Consommation
de coton brut
par lea filatures
(en milliers de
balles
de poida divers)
Raw cotton
mill-consumed
(thousand
running bales)
101,931
91,055
102,605
99,604
75,264
85,265
80,419
72,526
6,666
6,193
7,190
7,091
5,263
6,137
5,700
5,361
(a) Années civiles 1923, 1925, 1927, 1929,
1931 et 1933. Comprend la production par
l'industrie cotonnière de tissus de rayonne
ou de soie, pure ou mélangée.
(¡>) Production de l'année civile (voir
note (a)) divisée par le chiffre des heuresbroches pour l'exercice annuel indiqué.
SOURCE:
ETATS-UNIS
pp. 31-33.
United States mills was rising at
about 1.5 per cent, yearly.1 If the
postulates upon which this analysis
is based are acceptable, it would
follow that the rise was attributable
to improvement in the average
efficiency both of spindle and of
loom operation.
The figures forming the basis of
these conclusions are presented
below:
Production (a)
d'articles
de coton ti&sés
(en millions de
yards carrés)
Production (a)
of woven cotton
goods (million
square yards)
8,264
7,742 •
8,980
8,542
7,142
8,089
Production (ft)
Consommation
d'articles de coton
de coton
par millier
par million
d'heurea-brochea
d'heurea-brocbes
(en yards carrés)
(en balles)
Square yards
Bales of cotton
of cotton goods
consumed
produced
per million
per thousand
epindle-honra
apindle-houra (ft)
65.4
68.0
70.1
71.2
69.9
72.0
70.9
73.9
81.1
85.0
87.5
85.8
94.9
94.9
(a) Calendar years 1923, 1925, 1927, 1929,
1931, 1933. Includes cotton mill production
of fabrics in part or wholly of rayon or
silk.
(b) Production of calendar year (see
note (a)) divided by spindle-hour figure of
given operating year.
UNITED STATES: Tariff Commission: Cotton Cloth Report, 1936,
1
Au cours d'une période presque
pareille (1924/25-1932/33), la productivité des broches s'accrût en moyenne
d ' u n peu plus de 0,7 pour cent p a r
année.
1
During the equivalent
period
(1924/25-1932/33), spindle p r o d u c t i v i t y
rose a t an a n n u a l rate averaging a little
more t h a n 0.7 per cent.
Section 13: Commerce mondial des machines
Section 13 : World trade in textile machin
TABLEAU 1. EXPORTATIONS DE MACHINES TEXTILES, PRINCIPAUX P
TABLE 1. EXPORTS OF TEXTILE MACHINERY, MAJOR EXPORTIN
(En millions de m a r k s ou reichsmarks — I n million m a r k
Pays
1911
1912
1923
1913
1924
1925
1926
1927
A. Exportations
de machines à carder, à peigner
A. Exports of carding, combing, and spinning
m
Royaume-Uni
Allemagne . .
France . . .
Suisse . . .
Etats-Unis .
103.7
17.8
0.9
2.0
1.2
107.9
16.4
0.9
1.9
1.2
126.9
15.2
0.6
1.9
1.1
Total . .
125.6
128.4
145.7
247.0
12.7
13.4
5.6
8.0
154.0
13.6
11.1
5.3
4.4
188.4
18.7
9.3
7.6
6.5
15*.l
23.4
8.6
7.0
5.8
180.3
20.8
13.6
7.8
4.4
1
286.8
188.4
230.5
198.9
226.9
2
B . Exportations
de métiers à tisser
B . Exports of looms
Royaume-Uni
Suisse . . .
Allemagne . .
France . . .
Etats-Unis
22.2
4.0
8.9
1.3
0.7
23.0
5.4
7.4
1.1
0.7
27.2
6.1
7.8
0.8
0.6
39.5
11.9
6.5
5.2
3.7
32.3
11.1
5.7
4.3
2.4
42.1
16.9
8.3
5.9
5.5
35.2
14.7
9.6
5.9
4.1
43.4
17.8
8.8
8.0
3.3
Total . .
37.1
37.7
42.5
66.8
55.8
78.7
69.5
81.3
C. Exportations
de machines à tricoter
C. Exports of knitting
machinery
Allemagne . .
Etats-Unis
Suisse . . .
Royaume-Uni
France . . .
10.8
3.0
1.1
2.8
0.1
13.5
3.3
1.2
2.9
0.2
15.2
2.7
1.3
3.4
0.3
26.1
9.7
7.0
3.0
1.1
26.3
14.8
9.0
2.9
1.6
33.2
19.8
8.1
3.7
1.7
47.0
18.7
5.8
4.2
1.7
53.3
23.1
7.0
4.8
1.2
Total . .
17.1
21.1
23.0
46.8
54.5
66.4
77.4
89.4
1
SOURCE: H. Grünbaum: Die Welttextilhrise, Institut für Konjunkturforschung, Berlin, 1931, pp. 49-50
— 108 —
Section 13
TABLEAU
(suite)
2.
Section 13
IMPORTATIONS
(a)
DE
MACHINES
TEXTILES,
(continued)
PRINCIPAUX
PAYS IMPORTATEURS, 1911-1929
TABLE
2.
IMPORTS
(a)
OF
TEXTILE
MACHINERY,
MAJOR
IMPORTING
COUNTRIES, 1911-1929
Millions de marks ou reichsmarks Accroissement en pourcentage (6)
par rapport à 1911-1913
(moyenne annuelle)
Million markB or Reichsmarks
(yearly average)
Percentage increase (Ô)
over 1911-1913 of:
1911-1913 1923-1926 1927-1929
Europe :
France . . .
Italie . . . .
Belgique . .
Royaume-Uni
Allemagne
U.R.S.S. . .
Pologne
. .
Tchécoslovaquie
Autriche .
Hongrie ..
Pays-Bas .
Espagne .
Suède . .
Suisse. . .
Grèce
. .
Roumanie
Danemark
Finlande .
Norvège. .
37.1
26.2
22.5
24.6
31.1
26.5
15.2
14.7
6.7
4.7
21.2
11.2
6.8
5.6
3.4
4.5
2.3
2.9
1.4
10.9
225.2
33.5
223.8
(—36.8)(c)
\ —86.0 (c)
—31.8(c){
• —62.3 (c)
—39.3(cK
7.4 I
4.6
•2.6
5.2
0.4
0.5
0.8
0.2
0.6
29.1
30.6
16.2
13.4
13.6
4.4
4.0
8.1
4.9
3.1
13.4
10.2
4.7
5.1
1.7
1.2
1.2
2.4
0.9
Asie :
Inde .
Japon
Chine .
28.9
ii.7
1.8
75.9
31.6
10.3
57
23.5
10.9
162.5
169.2
485.6
99.4
100.2
523.6
Amérique :
Canada-. .
Etats-Unis
Brésil
. .
Argentine .
Mexique .
Chili . . .
10.9
13.2
11.9
0.6
2.9
0.04
19.5
21.3
23.4
4.1
3.8
0.8
41.5
29.2
14.3
5.4
4.8
1.3
79.9
61.4
97.7
581.2
32.8
1,636.4
282.1
122.1
20.6
801.3
64.7
2,809.1
1.5
8.0
8.4
438.7
466.8
Oceanie :
Australie
.
26.3
9.4
12.1
4.2
21.6
} 60.9 {
1\ Í2.9Íf
J
(a) E x p o r t a t i o n s réunies du Royaume-Uni,
de l'Allemagne, des Etats-Unis et de la Suisse;
la p a r t de ces q u a t r e pays dans l'ensemble des
exportations mondiales de machines textiles
était de 98,2 pour cent en 1911-1913, et de 92,4
pour cent en 1927-1929.
(6) Calculé d'après les chiffres en milliers
de m a r k s .
(c) Décroissement.
S O U R C E : H. G r ü n b a u m : Die WeltlexliXhrise.
p p . 49-50.
81.1
122.9
80.6
—2.0 (c)
309.1
114.7
55.7
1,228.1
37.1
41.2
178.7
85.3
492.1
(43.9)
186.5
145.4
158.6
6.6
740.5
723.3
189.6
1,503.4
116.8
Europe :
France
Italy
Belgium
United Kingdom
Germany
U.S.S.R.
Poland
Czechoslovakia
Austria
Hungary
Netherlands
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Greece
Rumania
Denmark
Finland
Norway
Asia :
India
Japan
China
America :
Canada
United States
Brazil
Argentina
Mexico .
Chile
Oceania :
Australia
(a) Sum of t h e exports t o t h e countries
concerned of the United Kingdom, Germany,
t h e United States, and Switzerland ; these four
countries accounted for 98.2 per cent, of total
world textile machinery exports in 1911-1913.
and 92.4 per cent, in 1927-1929.
(6) Calculated from figures in thousands of
marks.
(c) Decrease.
I n s t i t u t für Konjunkturforschung, Berlin, 1931,
— 109 —
Section 14 : Rapport des exportations à la production (contingents
d'exportation) dans l'industrie textile de certains pays
Section 14: Ratios of exports to production (export quotas) in the textile
industry, selected countries
TABLEAU 1. EXPORTATIONS DE PRODUITS DE COTON EN POURCENTAGE
DE LA PRODUCTION DE CERTAINS PAYS, 1929 ET 1935
TABLE 1. EXPORTS AS PERCENTAGE OF PRODUCTION, COTTON
MANUFACTURES, SELECTED COUNTRIES, 1929 AND 1935
(En volume — B y volume)
Filés — Yarn
Tissus — Piece goods
PayB
Country
1929
Royaume-Uni .
Belgique . . . .
Japon
Pays-Bas. . . .
Italie
France
Tchécoslovaquie
Autriche . . . .
Estonie . . . .
Inde
Portugal .
Hongrie .
Allemagne
Pologne .
Etats-Unis
Espagne .
U.R.S.S
Chine
Canada .
. . .
. . .
. .
. . .
. . .
. . .
13.1 (b)
9.0
2.4
5.2
10.7
4.7 (b)
(28.6)
46.0
(10.0)
(29.4)
3.5
3.0 (d)
(3.0) (d)
0.9
4Ì9
1933-1935 (a)
10
8
2
8
15
3
8
6
7
6
0
9(c)
10
16
1929
1933-1936 (a)
70.8 (b)
45.6
49.8 (b)
44.4
40.4
31.8 (b)
(30.6)
26.3
(24.0)
(20.3)
10.5
(10.1)
(9.2)
8.2 (d)
(7.5)
6.7
(6.0)
4.1
6 6
. . .
NOTE. — Les chiffres entre parenthèses sont
des évaluations.
(a) Ces chiffres se rapportent pour la
période spécifiée à la dernière année pour
laquelle on possède des données.
(b) 1930.
(c) 1932.
(d) 1928.
0.3
57.6
41.6
55.5
19.6
21.5
30.7 (c)
5!l
a.s
8Ì0
7.0
United Kingdom
Belgium
Japan
Netherlands
Italy
France
Czechoslovakia
Austria
Estonia
Switzerland
India
Portugal
Hungary
Germany
Poland
United States
Spain
U.S.S.R.
China
Canada
NOTE.
Figures in parentheses are
estimates.
(a) The figures for this period relate to
the latest year for which data are available.
(b)
(c)
(d)
1930.
1932.
1928.
SOURCES: Joint Committee of Cotton Trade Organisations: The Changing Conditions of World
Trade, I, table 7; Cotton Trade Statistics, 1930, tables 73, 97, 131, 137.
— 110 —
Section 14 (suite)
TABLEAU 2 . EXPORTATIONS DE PRODUITS DE LAINE EN POURCENTAGE
DE LA PRODUCTION DE CERTAINS PAYS, 1 9 3 0 ET 1 9 3 5
TABLE 2 . EXPORTS AS PERCENTAGES OF PRODUCTION, WOOL
MANUFACTURES, SELECTED COUNTRIES, 1 9 3 0 AND 1 9 3 5
(En volume — By volume)
Peignée — Tops
Filés
-- Y a r n s
TlSBUS -- Tissnes
Payfl
Country
1928-1930 1933 -1935 1928 -1930 1933 -1935
France . . . .
Royaume-Uni .
Allemagne . .
Italie
Tchécoslovaquie
Suède
. . . .
Pologne . . . .
Japon
Etats-Unis . .
(25)
12.9
(20)
(33)
15.0
(4)
(13)
9.6
(8)
(3)
(33)
5.6
(6)
8.3
(4)
(1)
(20)
1.1
5.8
(4)
1928-1930
1933-1935
(38) (a)
30.2
(23) (a)
(13) (a)
23.6
(13) (o)
(20)
(2)
3.6
7.3
11.3(a)
(8)
6.3
4.6
2.0 (a)
0.2
France
United Kingdom
Germany
Italy
Czechoslovakia
Sweden
Poland
Japan
United States
NOTE. — Les chiffres entre parenthèses sont
NOTE. — Figures in parentheses are estides évaluations. Pour chaque période, les mates. For each period, figures relate to the
chiffres se rapportent à la dernière année pour latest year for which data are available.
laquelle on possède des données.
(a) En valeur.
(o) By value.
SOURCES : Calculé ou évalué d'après les données de — Computed or estimated from : ROYAUMEUNI — UNITED KINGDOM: Imperial Economie Committee: World Consumption of Wool,
1928-1935, passim; ALLEMAGNE — GERMANY: Statistisches Jahrbuch, 1936, pp. 138-139.
— Ill —
Section 14 (suite)
TABLEAU 3 . EXPORTATIONS DE PRODUITS DE SOIE ET DE RAYONNE
EN POURCENTAGE DE LA PRODUCTION DE CERTAINS PAYS, 1 9 3 3 - 1 9 3 5
TABLE 3 . EXPORTS AS PERCENTAGE OF PRODUCTION, SILK AND RAYON
MANUFACTURES, SELECTED COUNTRIES, 1 9 3 3 - 1 9 3 5
En valeur
By value
ED volume — By volarne
Soie grèee
Raw silk
Allemagne
Belgique . . .
France . . . .
Italie
. . . .
Japon
. . . .
Pays-Bas . . .
~Royaume-Uni .
Suisse . . . .
Tchécoslovaquie
(50)(a)
70
75
Filés
de rayonne
Rayon yarns
10(6)
29(b)
21
53
16
(79) (c)
9
78(0)
20
NOTE. — Les chiffres se rapportent à. la
dernière année de la période pour laquelle
on possède des données.
(a) Soie moulinée, en valeur.
(ò) A l'exclusion du trafic de perfectionnement.
(c) Exportations en pourcentage du total
de la production et des importations.
(d) Tissus de soie et de rayonne; rubanerie
stéphanoise.
(e) Tissus de soie.
(/) Tissus de: soie; rayonne; mi-soie.
Tissus de soie et
(on) de rayonne
Silk and/or rayon
tissues
50; 24 (d)
18(e)
30;7;40(/)
Country
Germany
Belgium
France
Italy
Japan
Netherlands
United Kingdom
Switzerland
Czechoslovakia
NOTE. — Figures relate to the latest year
for which data are available.
(a)
<i>)
Thrown silk, by value.
Excluding improvement trade.
(c) Exports as percentage of production
plus imports.
(d) Silk and rayon tissues; stephanoise
ribbons.
(e) Silk tissues.
(/) Tissues of: silk; rayon; silk mixtures.
SOURCES: ROYAUNE-UNI —UNITED KINGDOM: Imperial Economie Committees industrial Fibres,
1936, pp. 47-48, 96-98; Board of Trade: Report on the Import Duties Act Inquiry (1933),
Part I, p. 50. FRANCE : Bulletin de la Statistigue generale de la France, octobre-décembre 1936,
p. 115. Mitsubishi Economic Research Bureau: Japanese Trade and Industry, 1936, p. 266.
— 112 —
Section 14 (suite)
NOTE SUR LES CONTINGENTS
D'EXPORTATION DES AUTRES
PRODUITS TEXTILES
NOTE ON EXPORT QUOTAS
OF OTHER TEXTILE
PRODUCTS
On pourrait multiplier indéfiniment les exemples de contingents
élevés d'exportation d'articles textiles ; voici, pour les dernières
années, quelques chiffres typiques:
En ce qui concerne le jute, l'Inde
exporte un volume de filés, de
tissus et de sacs qui correspond à
près de 85 pour cent de la consommation totale de jute brut par son
industrie textile; le Royaume-Uni
envoie à ses marchés d'outre-mer
près d'un tiers des tissus de jute
qu'il fabrique, et plus de 7 pour
cent de ses filés.
Quant aux tissus de lin ou de
chanvre, les données dont on dispose
indiquent que le Royaume-Uni vend
à l'étranger près de 95 pour cent de
sa production de toiles à voiles
légères et lourdes et plus de 40 pour
cent de l'ensemble des autres produits du lin et du chanvre.
Pour ce qui est des tricots, enfin,
l'Allemagne exporte approximativement un cinquième de sa production
totale calculée en valeur, et le
Royaume-Uni plus d'un quart en
quantité de ses gants tricotés *.
Examples of high export quotas
in the field of textile manufactures
might be multiplied indefinitely; a
few representative figures for recent
years are noted here:
In the case of jute, India exports
a volume of yarn, cloth, and bags
amounting to about 85 per cent, of
its total mill consumption of raw
jute; the United Kingdom ships
overseas close to a third of its jute
piece goods, and more than 7 per
cent, of its yarn.
In linen and hemp piece goods,
available data indicate that the
United Kingdom sells abroad close
to 95 per cent, of its sailcloth and
heavy canvas output, and over
40 per cent, of all other linen and
hemp materials taken together.
As regards knit goods, finally,
Germany exports approximately a
fifth of the value of its total production, the United Kingdom over
a fourth by quantity in the case
of knitted gloves.1
i Calculé sur la base des données des
i Computed from:
documents suivants:
Imperial Economie Committee: Industrial Fibres, 1936, p. 79; Annual Statement of the
Sea-Borne Trade of British India, 1934, Vol. , pp. 676-687; Report on the Import Duties Act
Inquiry (1933), Part I, pp. 61, 66, 74; R. Vt agenfiir: Die Bedeutung des Aussenmarhtes für
die deutsche Industriewirtschaft, Institut für K onjunkturforschung, Berlin, 1936, p. 27.
113
Section 15: La protection des marchés nationaux: métropolitains et
d'outre-mer
Section 15: The sheltering of home and empire markets
TABLEAU 1. CLASSIFICATION DES MARCHES D'IMPORTATION DES FILÉS
ET TISSUS DE COTON D'APRÈS LA POLITIQUE DOUANIÈRE ET MONETAIRE
EN VIGUEUR, 1935/36
TABLE 1. CLASSIFICATION OF COTTON YARN AND CLOTH MARKETS BY
TARIFF AND MONETARY POLICIES IN FORCE, 1935/36
Tarif bas non discriminatoire . . .
Tarif protecteur non discriminatoire
Contingentement des importations ;
combiné généralement, dans les
pays fabricants de textiles, avec un
tarif protecteur
Contingentement dirigé principalement ou exclusivement contre les
produits japonais
Tarif préférentiel en faveur du
Royaume-Uni
Tarif préférentiel (en faveur du
Royaume-Uni) combiné avec un
tarif protecteur
Restrictions de change; presque toujours combinées, dans les pays
fabricants de textiles, avec un tarif
protecteur
Pays
Code
LT
PT
Q
Qj
TP
TPP
E
Régime
Afrique occidentale britannique . .
Qj
Afrique occidentale française . . .
Q
Afrique orientale britannique . . .
LT
Afrique orientale portugaise . . . .
LT
Allemagne
E
Antilles britanniques
Qj
Argentine
E
Australie
TPP
Autriche
Q; E
Belgique
Q
Brésil
E
Canada
TPP
Ceylan
Qj
Chili
E
Chine
LT
Colombie
E
Non-discriminatory " low " tariff
Non - discriminatory " protective " tariff
Import quotas; usually combined, in textile manufacturing countries, with " protective " tariff
Quota restriction largely or
exclusively applied to imports
from Japan
Tariff preference in favour of
United Kingdom
Tariff preference (in favour of
United Kingdom) superimposed on " protective " tariff
Exchange restrictions ; almost
always coupled with protective tariff in textile manufacturing countries
Country
British West Africa
French West Africa
British East Africa
Portuguese East Africa
Germany
British West Indies
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Brazil
Canada
Ceylon
Chile
China
Colombia
voi. n. 8
— 114 —
Pays
Régime
Congo belge
LT
Cuba
E
Danemark
Q; B
Egypte
TP
Espagne (y compris les ports espagnols
E
dans l'Afrique du Nord)
Etats-Unis
PT
Equateur
E
Finlande
LT
France
Q
Grèce
Q; E
Guyane britannique
Qj
Inde
Qj;TPP
Qj
Irak
LT
Iran
Q
LT
Italie
Q: E
Japon
PT
Lettonie
.
LT
Malaisie britannique
Qj
Maroc
LT
Mexique
PT Norvège
LT
Nouvelle-Zélande
TP
Pays-Bas
Q
Pérou
• •
QJ
Philippines
Qj
Portugal
LT
Rhodésie du Sud
TP
Roumanie
Q; E
Royaume-Uni
PT
Siam
LT
Soudan
LT
Suède
LT
guisse
LT
Syrie
LT
Turquie
Q; E
Union Sud-Africaine
TP
Uruguay
E
Venezuela
E
Yougoslavie
E
Country
Belgian Congo
Cuba
Denmark
Egypt
Spain (including Spanish ports
in North Africa)
United States
Ecuador
Finland
France
Greece
British Guiana
India
Netherlands Indies
Iraq
Ir
an
Irish Free State
Italy
Japan
Latvia
British Malaya
Morocco
Mexico
Norway
New Zealand
Netherlands
Peru
Philippines
Portugal
Southern Rhodesia
Rumania
United Kingdom
Siam
Sudan
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Turkey
Uruguay
Venezuela
Yugoslavia
SOURCE • Sauf pour le Japon et le Royaume-Uni d'après — Based, except for Japan and United
Kingdom, on: Joint Committee of Cotton Trade Organisations: The Changing Conditions
of World Trade in Cotton and Rayon Goods, V, The Commercial Policies of Foreign Countries,
Statistical Appendix, tables 2, 12, 13.
Section 15 (suite)
TABLEAU 2 . MARGES DE PRÉFÉRENCE (à) ACCORDÉES. PAR L'iNDE ET LES DO
DE RAYONNE DE PROVENANCE DU ROYAUME-UNI, JUILLET 1
TABLE 2 . PREFERENTIAL MARGINS (a) GRANTED TO COTTON AND RAYON GO
INDIA AND THE DOMINIONS, JULY 1 9 3 2 AND JU
(En pourcentage — In percentage)
Année
Year
Pays
Canada (a)
Australie
Union Sud-Africalne
Nouvelle-Zélande
. .
. . . .
E t a t libre d'Irlande . . .
Rhodésie du Sud
. . . .
Terre-Neuve
1932
1935
1932
1935
1932
1935
1932
1935
1932
1935
1932
1935
1932
1935
1932
1935
Filés de coton
(titres 20 et [ou] 60)
Cotton yarns
(20'a, 60's. or both)
Filés
de rayonna
Rayon yarns
Tissus de coton
Cotton piece goods
Tissus mélangé
coton et rayon
Cotton and ra
mixture piece g
-_
—
17 H (c)
9'/4
—
—
—
—
—
9 y*
9%
9y 4
6»/4
25 (b)
7y2(c)-10(c)
7'/ 2 (d)-10(d)
20
25
5 (e)
5-10 (c)
15%
15%
—
—
10
—
—
10
10
10(/)
13(/)
—
—
10
—
10
i y* (M
10 (c)-15
10(d)-25
5-20 (c)
15-25 (c)
10
10
—
—
—
10
10
• 10
ny 2 (c)
10
20
5 (e)
5-10 (e)
18 y4
18 y«
—.
—
13
NOTES AU TABLEAU 2
(a) Les marges indiquées ici représentent l'écart entre les droits (ad valorem
ou suivant le volume) qui frappaient à la date spécifiée d'une part les
marchandises britanniques et d'autre part les produits étrangers. Lorsque
l'on indique deux chiffres pour la même date, ces chiffres représentent l'écart
entre la plus large et la plus étroite des marges que laissaient les droits applicables aux diverses classes de filés ou de tissus.
(b) Marge ad valorem ; sinon, marge de % à % anna par livre suivant le
tarif spécifique appliqué.
(c) Plus marges diverses par livre.
(d) Plus 2 cents par livre, contre 1 cent en 1932.
(e) Marges afférentes aux articles valant au maximum 1 shilling 3 pence
par yard; aucune préférence pour les articles valant plus de 1 shilling 3 pence
par yard.
(/) Ou 3 pence par yard; cette dernière marge égale le droit (frappant
les produits non britanniques seulement) qui est perçu lorsqu'il a un rendement meilleur que le tarif ad valorem.
(g) Les marges de préférence sont égales à la différence entre le tarif
relatif aux produits britanniques et le tarif général. De plus, en 1932 tous les
produits importés, mais en 1935 les produits non britanniques seulement,
étaient soumis à un droit d'accise de 3 pour cent. Les droits frappant les
produits britanniques sont réduits de 10 pour cent si les envois sont faits
directement à destination des ports canadiens.
— NOTES TO TABLE
(a) The margins giv
(ad valorem or specific)
specified. Where two fi
spread between the hig
applicable to various g
(6) Ad valorem marg
specific rates.
(c) Plus varying ma
(d) Plus 2 cents per
(e) Margins on good
on goods over Is. 3d, p
(/) Or 3d. per yard ; t
when yield exceeds that
(a) Preference margi
In addition, all importe
were subject to a 3 per
cent, (of duty) if goods
SOURCE: Joint Committee of Cotton Trade Organisations: The Changing Conditions of World Trad
Before and After Ottawa, Statistical Appendix, table 7.
Section 15
(suite)
TABLEAU 3 . DROITS DE DOUANE FRAPPANT LES ARTICLES DE COTON EN
DANS LES PAYS ÉTRANGERS A L'EMPIRE BRITANNIQUE,
TABLE 3 . TARIFF DUTIES IN COUNTRIES OUTSIDE THE BRITISH EMPIR
OF UNITED KINGDOM ORIGIN, 1914, 1929,
A. Filés:
simples,
titre 40 (métrique
34) — Yarns:
singles
(En pence par livre ou pourcentage ad valorem — Pence per lb. or
ECTUB — Grey
Blanchis —
l'aya
1914
Pays-Bas
Allemagne
Belgique
Suisse
Suede
Norvège
Danemark
Pologne
Roumanie
Turquie
Tchécoslovaquie. . .
Yougoslavie
. . . .
Egypte
Etats-Unis
Colombie
Brésil
1.0
0.6
0.9
1.2
0.7
0.6
O.'l
11%
1.50
0.13
8%
15%
0.4
1.1
6.1
E — Restrictions de change.
Q = Contingentement.
(a) Mais au minimum 15 pour cent ad valorem.
(6) Mais au minimum 20 pour cent ad valorem.
(e) 1931.
1929
8%
1.0
0.7
1.3
1.2
0.7
0.6
3.4
0.2
4.3
1.97
0.13
8%
3.9 (a)
0.7
1.8
8.0 (c)
8.4
1936
10%
2.9 E
1.0
2.2
1.1
1.1
0.5 E
5.4 E
1.3 QE
12.1 E
3.08 E
0.15 E
2.46
17%
1.7 E
2.3 E
32.4
7.0 E
1914
192
1.4
0.6
8%
2.5
0.9
2.1
2.1
0.6
0.6
4.9
O.'l 4
8%
17'/ 2 %
0.6
1.7
5.5
E
O.'l
8%
4.9
0.9
2.9
8.0
9.2
Exchange restric
Quota restriction
(a) But not less than
(b) But not less than
(c) 1931.
Q
Section 15 (suite)
TABLEAU
3 (suite) —
TABLE
3
(continu
B. Tissus: unis, pesant 100 grammes au mètre carré (soit 5,4 yards carrés à la livre) et
B. Piece goods: plain, weighing 100 grams per square metre (5.4 square yards per lb.)
(En pence par livre ou pourcentage ad valorem — Pence per
Non blanchis — Unbleached
Blanchis — Bleached
Imprimés — Printed
1936
Pays-Bas . . . .
Allemagne . . .
Belgique . . . .
Suisse
Suède
Norvège
. . . .
Danemark . . .
Turquie
. . . .
Grèce
Roumanie . . .
Chine
Indes
néerlandaises
. . . .
Etats-Unis . . .
Irak
Egypte
Maroc
Afrique occidentale française .
Syrie
Argentine . . .
Colombie . . . .
Venezuela . . .
Chili
Brésil
5%
2.7
2.6
0.4
3.9
1.5
2.4
11%
8%
4.4
3.0
0.9
3.9
1.5
2.4
2.1
10% Q
12.4 E
6.2
7.9
3.6
3.4
1.7 E
24.6QE
3.9
4.0(c)
10.9 (b)
11.3(c)
22.6 QE
7.1 (d)
6%
17%%
10%
7.9 (e)
14% Q
5.6 (/)
1(c)
6%
30%
11%
8%
12%%
2.7
11%
2.2
7.4
20%
3.8
8.1
14.0(b)
3.2
4.0 E
7.6 E
27.9
4.4
10.9
20.0
20.2
34.8 E
4.9
20.0
8%
6.1
3.9
5.2
7.0
3.0
2.6
3.0
4.5 (a)
12.3
13.3(c)
10% Q
15.5 E
8.0
12.2
5.9
5.4
2.3 E
29.7QE
9.5QE
23.1QE
8.3
10%
14.4 %Q
8.9 (h) 29.1 %
15%
0.3
4.0
8%
12%%
12%%
2.4
11.9
9.6 (b)
10.2
20.2
5%
5.4
3.5
2.6
5.7
3.0
4.5
14.5
10.3(c)
4.1 E
33.5 E
9.25Q
38.0 E
23.1
6%
20%
10%
10.8(0)
18%
32.1 %
7.3
4.0
5.6 E
7.6 E
23.0
25.2 E
34.8E
5.0
13.7
S O U R C E : Joint Committee of Cotton Trade Organisations: The Changing
Policies of Foreign Countries, 1936, Statistical Appendix, tables 12, 13.
10%
23.0
9.2
14.3
5.8
11%
4.1
4.7
2.9 (e)
9.4 Q
E = Restrictions de change.
Q = Contingentement.
(a) Non compris les droits d'octroi, service d'emprunt, et autres surtaxes
atteignant environ 50 pour cent du m o n t a n t des droits proprement dits.
(b) 1931.
(c) A la pièce, à condition qu'elle ne dépasse pas 40 pouces de largeur
et 40 y a r d s de longueur.
(d) Au mètre.
(e) Mais au m i n i m u m 20 pour cent ad valorem.
(/) Mais au minimum 26,1 pour cent ad valorem.
(g) Mais au minimum 40 pour cent ad valorem.
(h) Mais au minimum 23 pour cent ad valorem.
8%
8.0
4.5
27.2
E =
Q =
(a)
about
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(/)
(a)
(h)
Conditions
3.5
9.9
15.0
20.0 (b)
16.8
26.9
15.4
6.2
9.8
40.3
44.1
38.2
E
E
E
E
E x c h a n g e restri
Quota restrictio
Excluding octro
50 per cent, of t
1931.
Per piece not ex
Per
But
But
But
But
metre.
not less
not less
not less
not less
of World
tha
tha
tha
tha
Trad
Section 15 (suite)
TABLEAU 4 . CONSOMMATION INTERIEURE
ET EXPORTATIONS DE COTONNAD
DERNIÈRES ANNÉES
TABLE 4 . HOME MARKET CONSUMPTION AND EXPORTS OF COTTON CLOTH,
(En volume — By volume)
S = Millions de yards carrés — Million square ya
L = Millions de yards linéaires — Million linear ya
Q = Milliers de quintaux — Thousand quintals
Exportations —
Année
Year
Pays
Consommation
intérieure (6)
Home market
consumption (Ô)
unité (a)
Unit <a)
E
de
En chiffres absolus
Amount
o
Afrique occidentale française
.
Argentine
Brésil
Canada
Chine
Egypte
France
Inde
Italie
Malaisie
Philippines
Royaume-Uni
U.R.S.S
Union Sud-Africaine
. . . .
1935
1928
1934
1934/35
1933
1929
1934
1934
1935
1933
1932
1935
1934
1934
1935
1935
1935
1935
1933
1935
1934
1933
1934
1935
XQ
Q
Q
L
Q
XL
XL
L
S
S
XL
XL
L
Q
S
L
Q
S
Q
S
s
Q
L
L
.
(104) (c)
2,139
(295) (c)
(163) (c)
239
749
286
998 (d)
(231) (c)
7,625
780
4.405(d)
(599) (c)
888
2,184
(104) (c)
(120) (c)
(115) (c)
352
(135) (c)
1,491
(129) (c)
2,382
(199) (c)
177
158
15
66
302
342
183
242
2,725
77
1,994
208
NOTES AU TABLEAU 4. — NOTES TO TABLE
(a) Pour les conversions nécessaires, un million de yards linéaires (L)
ou carrés (S) ont été considérés comme équivalant à 1.000 quintaux (Q);
les totaux approximatifs calculés sur cette base sont indiqués par un X dans
la colonne des unités, avec mention de l'unité selon laquelle la plus grande
partie de la consommation a été recensée.
(i>) Production moins exportations plus importations.
(c) Importations seulement; production intérieure non déterminée,
négligeable ou nulle.
(ci) Non compris les tissus faits à la main. En 1929, la production de ces
tissus a été estimée à environ un quart des quantités disponibles pour la
consommation intérieure dans l'Inde, et à près de trois quarts en Chine.
(a) For necessary co
taken equal to one tho
mate conversions are in
the unit in which the g
SOURCES; Joint Committee of Cotton Trade Organisations: Cotton Trade
Cotton ClothReport, 1936,pp. 139-141.
itistics, 1936, passim; E
(6) Production less
(c) Imports only;
(ci) Excluding hand
at about one-fourth of
three-fourths similarly
Section 16: Prix de matières premières et produ
Section 16: Prices of textile raw materials and m
TABLEAU
1.
PRIX
MONDIAUX
DE
MATIÈRES
PREMIÈRES
TABLE 1. WORLD MARKET PRICES, TEXTILE RAW
MATER
(En francs-or p a r q u i n t a l — In gold francs per
Coton
Lin (fllaase)
Cotton
Flax
Chanvre
(fibre)
Hemp
Année — Year
A
D
B
E
F
G
'
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
(145)
(228)
217
185
115
71
77
78
84
(80)
(128)
(209)
183
149
96
75
75
67
74
(69)
(292)
(391)
402
324
183
108
112
105
104
(119)
(134)
(250)
205
141
86
78
91
85
114
(115)
(HO)
(133)
(136)
(106)
(64)
69.0
77.8
78.9
88.4
(128.9)
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
= Américain, middling, à L a Nouvelle-Orléans, moyenne V I I I - V I I .
= Indien, Broach, m.g. F.G., à Bombav, moyenne V I I I - V I I .
= Egyptien, Sakellarldis, F . a . F . , à Alexandrie, moyenne V I I I - V I I .
= Riga « ZK » à Londres, moyenne X - I X .
= Qualité Bologna, à Milan, moyenne X - I X .
= Clianvre de Manille, qualité « J2 •, à Londres, moyenne I - X I I .
= Mérinos, pièces courantes, à Londres, moyenne.
= Croisés, toisons (Ines, n° I/prime, à Londres, moyenne.
= Croisés, toisons moyennes, n" I V - I I I , à Londres, moyenne.
= Mécanique, suédoise, moyenne.
= Chimique, suédoise, moyenne.
= • First Marks •, à Londres, moyenne.
Noie. — Les chiffres figurant entre parenthèses ne sont pas strictement
comparables avec les autres données, en raison de différences dans la période
considérée, la qualité, ou l'un et l'autre de ces éléments. On en a fait tout de
même mention, car ils indiquent les tendances.
S O U R C E : Annuaires statistiques de la Société des Nations, 1930-1936, passim,
d'après les données communiquées par l'Institut international de l'Agriculture.
A
B
C
D
E
F
GH
I
J
K
L
103
93
92
65
43
33
27
23
29
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
993
1,107
1,103
873
536
402
282
355
390
312
American, middlin
Indian, Broach, m
E g y p t i a n , Sakella
Riga, " ZK ", at L
Quality Bologna,
Manila hemp, qua
Merinos, current p
Cross-breds, fine f
Cross-breds, medi
Mechanical, Swed
Chemical, Swedish
" First Marks ", a
' Note. — Figures in p
figures because of differ
are nevertheless include
S O U R C E : Statistical Year
quoting d a t a supplied
— 122 —
Section 16 (suite)
TABLEAU
2.
PRIX
MONDIAUX
DE
PRODUITS
TEXTILES
SEMI-FINIS,
1927-1936
TABLE
2.
WORLD
MARKET
PRICES,
TEXTILE
SEMI-MANUFACTURES,
1927-1936
(En reichsmarks-or par quintal — In gold Reichsmarks per quintal)
Soie grège
Raw silk
Année
Fils de rayonne
Rayon
Filés de coton
Ootton yarn
Peignés de laine
Wool tops
E
F
157
122
117
118
115
114
126
3Ó1
359
359
314
373
368
Year
A
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1936
. . . .
III
VII
5,138
4,843
4,381
2,912
2,084
1,522
- 1,271
886
( 1 , 4 1 3 ) (b)
B
0
5,111
4,880
4,713
3,333
2,314
1,519
1,194
731
926
981'
935
909
671
609
597
569
388
409
418
401
384
383
•
D
(1,379)
(1,389)
(1,154)
(981)
694
594
450
319
316
310
329
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
A = Classica, jaune, 9/11, à Milan.
A = Classica, yellow, 9/11, at Milan.
B == Japonaise, I, à New-York.
B = Japanese, I, at New York.
C = I, Manchi, 150, à Milan.
C = I, bleached, 150, at Milan.
D = Qualité A, 150, à New-York.
D = Grade A, 150, at New York.
E = Titre 32, à Manchester.
E = 32"s, at Manchester.
F = Titre 64, à Bradford.
F = 64's, at Bradford.
(a) Qualité légèrement différente.
(a) Slightly different quality.
(i>) Moyenne, juin-septembre.
(ft) June-September average.
SOURCE: ALLEMAGNE — GERMANY: Statistisches Jahrbuch, 1932, 1936, Internationale Übersichten, Grosshandelspreise wichtiger Waren im Ausland.
— 123 —
Section 16 (suite)
TABLEAU 3 . PRIX DE GROS DE CINQ FIBRES TEXTILES AUX ÉTATS-UNIS,
1911-1934
TABLE 3 . WHOLESALE PRICES, FIVE TEXTILE FIBRES, UNITED STATES,
1911-1934
Année
Year
Coton (a)
Cotton (a)
Rayonne (£>)
Rayon (Ô)
Sole (C)
Silk (C)
A. M oyennes an nuelles,
A . Yearly tiverages,
1911-1914
1915
1917
1919
1921
1923
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
0,124
0.102
0.235
0.325
0.151
0.293
0.235
0.175
0.176
0.200
0.191
0.135
0.085
0.064
0.087
0.123
1,907
2.125
3.863
4.767
2.671
2.800
2.004
1.810
1.489
1.500
1.246
1.059
0.758
0.660
0.609
0.587
B. Moyennes
B.
1911-1914
1915
1917
1919
1921
1923
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
y early
3.563
3.318
• 5.494
8.880
6.035
8.288
6.341
5.937
5.100
4.859
4.777
3.193
2.233
1.473
1.536
1.200
Laine (d)
Wool (d)
en dollars pai• livre
d<Mars per I b.
0.51
0.66
1.26
1.26
0.53
1.06
1.10
0.92
0.91
1.04
0.92
0.63
0.50
0.40
0.61
0.74
ann uelles, prút du coton =
aveniges, price of cotton -=
1,540
2,090
1,640
1,470
1,770
960
850
1,030
847
750
652
785
892
1,030
700
477
2,880
3,250
2,350
2,730
4,000
2,830
2,700
3,400
2,900
2,430
2,500
2,350
2,630
2,300
1,750
975
Jute («)
412
646
536
388
351
362
470
526
528
520
482
467
588
625 .
702
625
0.057
0.053
0.103
0.113
0.053
0.061
0.104
0.090
0.071
0.075
0.072
0.050
0.037
0.030
0.033
0.037
100
100
46
52
44
35
35
21
44
51
40
38
38
37
44
47
38
30
(a) Middling upland, at New York.
(a) Middling upland, à New-York.
(6) 150 denierr A quality, at New York.
(6) Qualité A, 150 deniers, à New-York.
(c) Japanese 13/15, at New York.
(c) Japonaise 13/15, à New-York.
(d) Scoured, 56's % blood straight combing,
(d) Dégraissée, titre 56 % blood straight
at Boston.
combing, à Boston.
(e) Raw, medium grades, at New York.
(e) Brut, qualités moyennes, à New-York.
SOURCE: ETATS-UNIS — UNITED STATES: Cabinet Committee: Report on Ote Cotton Textile
Industry.
1935, p . 86.
— 124 —
Section 16 (suite)
TABLEAU 4. INDICES DES PRIX DE CERTAINS ARTICLES DE LAINE
REPRÉSENTATIFS DANS CERTAINS PAYS, 1928-1935
TABLE 4 . PRICE INDICES, REPRESENTATIVE WOOL MANUFACTURES,
SELECTED COUNTRIES, 1928-1935
(1926-1928 = 100)
1928
1929
Allemagne :
Peignés . . .
Filés
. . . .
Tissus. . . .
102
81
113
Etats-Unis :
Peignés . . .
Filés
. . . .
Tissus. . . .
France :
Peignés . . .
Filés
. . . .
Tissus. . . .
Pays
Japon :
Peignés . . .
Filés
. . . .
Tissus. . . .
Royaume-Uni
Peignés .
Filés
. .
Tissus. .
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
56 '
47
37
39
53
47
94
71
6Ì
50
64
96
96
Germany :
Tops
Yarns
Tissues
113
100
101
98
94
89
70
80
80
54
69
69
47
57
58
74
70
70
79
79
80
69
74
77
United States :
Tops
Yarns
Tissues
106
97
97
90
55
62
49
53
38
40
42
41
47
41
38
36
France :
Tops
Yarns
Tissues
99
88
69
60
63
66
75
69
Japan :
Tops
Yarns
Tissues
105
103
100
79
85
85
55
65
68
47
57
57
47
54
56
58
62
61
63
67
65
57
62
63
United
Kingdom:
Tops
Yarns
Tissues
:
. .
. .
. .
Country
SOURCE: ROYAUME-UNI — UNITED KINGDOM:
tion of Wool, 1928-1935, passim.
Imperial Economic Committee: World Consump-
Section 17 : Répartition de la production defibrestextiles dans le m
Section 17 : Percentage distribution of world production of textile
(Total mondial = 100)
Laine
Wool
Coton (égrené)
Cotton (ginned)
TOTAL MONDIAL.
.
(World to
Lin (niasse)
Flax (fibre)
Sole (giege)
Silk (raw)
1920-9
1 1033-4
1925-9
1933
1925-9
57.7
57.9
16.7
16.6
0.6
3.0
25.0
0.4
2.7
0.4
7.2
7.7
0.3(E)
3.3
27.0
0.5
2.7
0.5
8.2
7.7
0.2(E)
46.7
1.2
1.0
0.6
50.1
1.1
1.1
0.7
0.2
0.2
0.2
3.2
0.1
3.2
0.5
1.0
0.2
0.3
0.8
2.2
0.7
2.1
8.2
0.1
69.5
1.4
70.9
1
1
1933
0.5
1925-9
1
Cha
He
1934
1925-9
5.3
6.8
5.4
1.0
0.5
0.1
0.1
l.l"~
4.9
0.6
1.9
(milliers de quintaux)
E M P I R E BRITANNIQUE:
ROYAUME-UNI
. . .
0.1
INDE
E T A T LIBRE D ' I R L A N D E
NOUVELLE-ZÉLANDE .
U N I O N SUD-AFRICAINE
Bassoutoland
. . . .
Nigeria
Soudan
Ouganda
.
Territoires sous mandat :
TOTAL
17.8
15.6
0.1
0.4
0.5
0.1
0.5
0.9
0.1
18.9
0.1
17.3
FRANCE
Algerie
Maroc français . . .
Afrique occ. française
Indochine
Tunisie
Territoires sous mandat :
Syrie et Liban . . .
0.1
0.1
TOTAL
0.3(E)
0.3
0.4
0.1(E)
0.1
0.1
0.1
. . . .
0.1
0.1
1.9
0.7
2.9
6.3
0.1
78.0
4.9
0.4
0.1
0.6
2.9
0.3
0.6?
18.4
1.3
1.5
2.9
80.9
0.6
0.6
3.8
5.3
0.4?
0.4
ESPAGNE
Formose
CorÉe
TOTAL
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
—
—
0.3
1.3
4.9
2.1
4.9
PAYS-BAS
TOTAL
0.9
0.1
BELGIQUE
Congo belge
—
Section 17 (suite)
Coto!* (égrené)
Cotton (ginned)
11125-0
ETATS-UNIS
Laine
Wool
Soie (grège)
Silk (raw)
| 1933-4
57.4
49.0
10.3
12.3
57.4
49.0
10.3
12.3
3.7
7.1
10.2
3.7
6.0
6.7
0.4
2.0
0.8
4.7
9.2
0.8
0.8
10.5
1.0?
1.1
0.1
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.0
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.4
7.7
10.2
Philippines
TOTAL
U.R.S.S.
AFRIQUE:
EGYPTE
.
AMÉRIQUE
ARGENTINE
BRÉSIL . .
CHILI . .
MEXIQUE .
PÉROU . .
URUGUAY
ASIE :
AFGHANISTAN
CHINE . . .
IRAK. . . .
IRAN. . . .
NÉPAL . . .
0.3
0.4?
0.4
1.8(E)
0.4
1.3
1925-9
| 1934
—
—
—
—
2.0
2.3
56.5
77.3
0.1
0.2
Chan
He
1925-9
t
t
58.3
0.4
0.4
1.6(E) 16.4(E)
0.4
1.3?
0.6(E)
8.5(E)
0.4(E)
EUROPE:
AUTRICHE
. . . .
BULGARIE
. . . .
TCHÉCOSLOVAQUIE.
ESTONIE
FINLANDE
. . . .
ALLEMAGNE
. . .
GRÈCE
HONGRIE
LETTONIE
. . . .
LITHUANIE . . . .
NORVÈGE
POLOGNE
ROUMANIE . . . .
TURQUIE
YOUGOSLAVIE . . .
Lin (niasse)
Flax (fibre)
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.9
0.3
0.3
0.8
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.2
1.5
1.1
0.7
0.1
0.2
1.5
1.0
0.8
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.3
1.9
1.8
0.2
?
0.1
0.8
1.0
0.3?
0.8
0.2
1.4
0.3
4.1
6.8
0.1
2.3
3.1
1.5
10.6
0.4
4.4
1.0
3.5
3.0
1.5
1.5
5.3
SOURCES : Annuaire statistique de la Société des Nations ; Annuaire
interSOURCES : Statistical
Y
national de statistique agricole.
Y ear-Book of Agricul
E = Exportations.
E = Exports.
t = The Philippines
t = Les Philippines produisent la totalité du chanvre de Manille.
E x t r a i t de — reprinted from: Royal I n s t i t u t e of International Affairs: Raw Materials and
Section 18: Dépréciation des monnaies: Valeur des monnaies en pource
Section 18: Currency depreciation: Value of currencies as percentage
P a y s — Country
U n . S. Afr.
U.ofS.A(r.
P a r i t é * 1020 en cents-or
P a r i t y ' 1920 In gold cents
1 8. A. £
- 480.66 e.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
Vili
IX
X
XI
XII
P a y i — Country
P a t i t o ' 1929 en cents-or
P a r i t y ' 1929 In gold cents
Allemagne
Germany
Argentine
Argentina
Australie
Australia
Autriche
Austria
1 ir. a l b .
10.30 e.
1 R. mark
- 23.82 e.
1 peso papel = 42.46 e.
officiel
| Ubre—freo
1 A. £
- 486.66 e.
1 schilling
- 14.07 e '
0
Moyenne — Av ara je
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
-
Albanie
Albania
98.6
97.9
67.6
61.1
59.2
59.6
59.6
59.6
59.7
60.1
60.6
60.5
60.8
60.4
58.8
58.7
58.9
Canada
1 » 100 cents
100.2
100.3
99.4
99.1
99.5
99.7
99.6
100.1
100.2
100.2
100.2
100.6
100.8
99.9
100.1
100.2
Chine
China
(1 N a t . 1 41.76 e. ')
Moyenne — »v< rae e
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
Vili
IX
X
XI
XII
•
Colombie
Colombia
1 peso oro
- 97.33 e.
•
96.3
88.1
73.2
60.2
59.1
59.1
58.7
59.0
59.2
59.4
59.3
59.1
59.5
59.1
59.1
59.1
59.1
53.3
52.5
49.4
• 48.7
52.0
42.0
42.0
42.2
42.3
42.3
42.5
42.5
42.8
42.3
41.5
41.7
41.8
A
99.2
99.7
'99.6
98.6
100.3
100.3
100.2
100.3
100.4
100.6
100.5
100.2
100.5
99.4
99.7
99.7
99.8
•
A
69.2
60.6
59.3
47.2
45.7
46.1
46.0
46.1
46.2
46.4
46.8
46.7
47.0
46.8
45.5
45.3
45.5
Cuba
1 peso —
100 cents
A
98.9
97.9
69.0
37.9
34.3
34.9
35.1
34.7
34.8
34.8
34.7
34.6
34.8
34.3
34.3
34.7
34.8
99.9
99.9
80.7
• 59.6
59.3
59.1
58.6
59.0
59.4
59.4
59.4
59.1
59.4
59.0
59.0
59.0
59.0
• A o
35.8
36.8
37.9
38.2
38.3
38.5
38.7
38.7
38.0
39.0
39.5
38.7
38.8
41.5
Danemark
Denmark
•
72.2
57.5
54.2
49.1
47.4
47.9
48.0
48.1
48.1
48.4
48.8
48.7
48.9
48.7
47.4
47.3
47.5
Dantzlg
Danzig
1 krone
1 D . Gulden
- 26.80 e. - 19.47 e. *
•
93.5
70.3
55.8
50.1
48.5
48.9
48.8
48.9
49.0
49.3
49.7
49.5
49.8
49.5
48.2
48.1
48.3
e
99.9
100.3
100.0
99.7
• 71.5
57.5
57.5
57.5
57.5
57.7
57.6
57.5
57.5
57.0
57.1
57.1
57.3
Belgique
Belgium
1 boliv
1 belga
- 18.90 e." - .16.6
8
96.9
82.4
79.2
78.2
o 78.7
79.1
79.0
79.1
79.1
79.2
79.2
79.3
79.7
79.1
78.6
78.4
78.5
100.2
100.1
100.2
99.9
• 078.6
72.0
71.9
6 72.1
72.3
72.5
72.3
71.9
72.2
71.8
71.5
71.8
71.8
Egypte
Egypt
Equateur
Ecuador
IE. £ 499.13 e.
11
93.2
72.0
68.1
61.8
59.8
60.3
60.3
60.3
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.1
61.4
61.1
59.5
59.3
59.6
Boliv
Boliv
1 sucre —
20 cents
•
8
5
4
4
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
Es
(1 pese
W.30
A 9
•
(100.0)
4
4
• (88.7)
4
(67.0)
4
A 27.5
4
0 28.1
4
28.2
4
27.9
4
28.1
4
28.3
4
28.3
4
28.3
4
• 28.2
4
28.3
28.1 (K) 4
28.1
128 —
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N O T E S A LA SECTION 18 — N O T E S TO SECTI
N O T E . — Quand divers cours sont cotés pour différentes espèces de transactions, on a choisi la catégorie de cours représentant la plus grande somme de
transactions. Voir notes pages 231-234, Annuaire statistique de la Société des
Nations 1936/36. — • Contrôle officiel des changes en vigueur. — o Suppression du contrôle des changes. — * Cours officiel (Argentine, cours d ' a c h a t ;
E q u a t e u r : 1931-1933). — A Cours libre (Argentine, depuis 1/34; Brésil,
VI/34; Chili (traites d'exportation), V I I I / 3 1 ; E q u a t e u r , 1/34).
N O T E . — When diße
hinds 0/ transactions, th
notes on pages 231-234, S
— « Official exchange co
A Official rate (Argentin
(Argentina since 1/34 ; B
1/34).
i Sauf indication contraire, voir notes 2 4 4. — 2 Cours moyen 1929 : Chine,
Espagne, Hong-Kong, I r a n , Turquie. — s Parité-or 1868. — »Parité-or 1931 :
Pérou, Portugal, Yougoslavie. — s Valeur-or de la monnaie fixée provisoirem e n t : en Autriche (30/IV/34), à 78,7%, aux E t a t s - U n i s (31/1/34), à 59,06%,
en France ( l / X / 3 6 ) , entre 7 4 , 8 % et 65,7% en Italie (7/X/36), à 59,06%, en
Suisse (27/IX/36) entre 7 4 , 1 % et 65,4%, en Tchécoslovaquie (9/X/36), à
70,0% de l'ancienne parité. — » Nouvelle parité-or légale fixée: en Belgique
(31/III/36) à 7 2 % , à Dantzig (2/V/35) à 57,63%, de l'ancienne parité. —
' 1 once de fin = 31,1035 grammes. — s J u s q u ' à fin juin 1935, d'après les
cours à Baie. — » D'après les cours dans le pays. — 10 D'après les cours à
Bâle. — 11 D'après les cours à Londres.
1 If not otherwise st
Spain, Hong Kong, Ira
1931 : Peru, Portugal, Y
fixed: in Austria (30/IV
France (I/X/36) betwee
Switzerland (27/IX/36)
(9/X/36) at 70.0% of t
Belgium (31/III/36) at 7
— ' 1 fine ounce = 31.1
to quotations in Basle.
10
According to quotatio
(a) V I - X I I . — (b) V I I I - X I I . — (c) I I - X I I . — (d) X I . — (e) X. — (/) V I I I .
— (9) 1-25.IX. — (h) 1-21.IX. — (i) 2-31.X. — (ft) 7-31.X. — (1) 10-31.X.
(a) V I - X I I . — (b) VI
— (a) 1-25.IX. — (h) 1-
E x t r a i t d e : Société des N a t i o n s : Bulletin mensuel de Statistique, janvier 19
Reprinted from: League of Nations: Monthly Bulletin of Statistics, J
ADDENDUM
COEFFICIENTS DE CONVERSION DE POIDS ET
CONVERSION COEFFICIENTS FOR WEIGHTS AND
Unités métriques
Metric units
Equivalents en mesures anglaises ou américaines
British or U. S. equivalents
Longueur — Length.
1 mètre (m = 100 cm)
. . . i
Superficie — Surface.
1 centimètre carré (cm2) . . .
1 mètre carré (m2=10 OOOcms) j
Poids — Weight.
1 kilogramme (kg. = 1 000 g.) {
1 quintal t ( q . = 100 kg.) . . i
1 tonne (t. = 10 q. = 1 000 kg.) {
Unités métriques
Metric units
1 mètre
1 kilogramme
1 tonne
Unités anglaises ou am
British or U. S. un
39.37
inches (pouces)
3.2808 feet (pieds)
1.0936 yard
1 inch
1 foot (12 inches)
1 yard (3 feet)
0.15498 square inches
10.76365 square feet
1.19596 square yards
1 sq.inch
1 sq. foot (144 sq. inch
1 sq. yard (9 sq. feet)
35.2734
2.2046
220.46
2.2046
1.968
1.10231
0.98421
ounces avoirdupois
lb avoirdupois (livres)
lb avoirdupois
centals
cwt (hundredweight)
short ton
long ton
1
1
1
1
1 short ton ( = 2 000
1 long ton (2 240 lb)
Equivalents en mesures Japonaises
Japanese equivalents
3.3 shaku
0.267 kwan
266.67 kwan
t Quintal: en allemand — in German, Doppelzentner (dz).
Extrait de l'Annuaire statistique de la Société des Nations, 1935/36, p. 11.
oz avoirdupois
lb ( = 16 oz avoirdu
cental ( = 1 0 0 lb)
cwt (= 112 1b)
Unités anglaises on am
British or U. 8. u
1
1
1
1
yard
lb
short ton
long ton
Reprinted from Statistica
PARTS n-v
LABOUR STATISTICS
INTRODUCTORY NOTE
The following tables form a summary of available statistics on
numbers engaged, employment and unemployment, wages and
hours of work in the textile industry in the principal textile producing countries. Most of the data are drawn from official sources ;
in some cases they come from private sources accepted as
authorities in the country in question.1
While the data available are numerous, the many differences
in the methods of compiling and presenting the data make it
extremely difficult to compare them, not only as between countries,
but even on the different subjects in the same country. In particular it should be remembered that the definition and delimitation
of the different branches of the textile industry may differ for the
various statistical series even though the terminology adopted is
the same.
In spite of the various reservations attaching to these figures,
the more important of which will be mentioned below, the statistics
nevertheless provide useful information on several points and the
general conclusions to be drawn from them have been set forth
as clearly as possible in Volume I of the Report.
PART II. — PERSONS OCCUPIED
This part of the Appendix presents statistical data on persons
gainfully occupied or engaged in the textile industries in twenty-two
countries. The most general source of information on this subject
1
See also: Year-Book of Labour Statistics,
1934-35, Vol. I I ; International Labour Review.
1935-36; I.L.O.Y ear-Book.
— 134 —
is the census of population which is taken in most countries
usually at decennial intervals, in which persons are classified
according to the industry in which they are usually employed
and according to the occupation they normally follow. For some
countries, information is also available as to the number of workers
employed in textile factories, as obtained by censuses of production
or establishments or from returns of factory inspectors. These
figures, however, are usually limited to factories above a certain
size or employing mechanical power or having an output above a
certain value; and they cover only persons actually employed at
the date of the return, to the exclusion of persons unemployed.
For an international survey, the national population censuses
form the most complete and satisfactory source. Even where
based on population censuses, such data are not exactly comparable,
since the methods of classification and grouping of the data differ
considerably from country to country. In the tables presented
here an attempt has been made, so far as the sources permit, to
select and arrange the national data so as to cover as far as possible
the same categories of workers in accordance with the definition
of industry used in this Report. With reference to the inclusion
of the ancillary textile industries in the textile group, the tables
indicate in most cases the list of such industries included in the
group of "other " textiles, that is, other than cotton, wool, silk,
rayon, flax, hemp and jute.
The tables showing the grouping of persons engaged in the textile
industries according to industrial status, as employers, salaried
employees and workers, show many divergencies in the practice
oi different countries. In many countries this type of classification
is not attempted. In others, special conditions obtain or special
definitions are applied which impair the comparability of the
statistics.
The data on the relative proportion of female workers are affected
by such points as the treatment of home workers and family
assistants, as well as the relative preponderance of several branches
of the industry, some of which have larger proportions of women
workers than others.
Finally, a table is given showing the number of young persons
of different ages employed in textiles. These data are limited to
relatively few countries. Their comparability is impaired by the
lack of uniformity in the age groupings presented in the original
sources.
— 135 —
PART III. — UNEMPLOYMENT AND EMPLOYMENT
(a) Unemployment
The unemployment statistics available in the various countries
are drawn from very different sources, the more important of which
are the following: (a) compulsory insurance statistics; (b) voluntary
insurance statistics; (c) trade union fund statistics; (d) trade union
returns ; (e) employment exchange statistics.
The principal value of these statistics is in indicating the fluctuations over periods of time, and only between such movements are
comparisons possible; the various series are not equally sensitive
to changes on the labour market and an equal change in two series
does not necessarily represent a corresponding change in the
countries concerned. Moreover, changes in legislation, in administrative practice, in the frequency of registration of the unemployed,
in the amount of short time worked and in " normal " hours often
result in a decrease (or increase) in the recorded level of unemployment which does not correspond to changes in employment.
Percentages are, however, more reliable than absolute numbers as
measures of changes in the level of unemployment. If not otherwise stated, the figures relate to persons recorded as " wholly
unemployed " and in most cases fall short of the reality. Where
available, figures of " partial unemployment " are also given, but
they are uncertain, incomplete and based on different definitions;
thus here, too, international comparisons are not possible.
(b) Employment
The series in the following tables are with one exception based
on employers' returns and indicate changes in the number of
workers employed or hours worked in a sample of mainly industrial
establishments; these statistics do not furnish information on the
absolute extent of employment, and index numbers only are
reproduced here; one series is based on returns of employed members
in a compulsory unemployment insurance scheme which covers the
great majority of the working population; absolute figures are
therefore given as well as index numbers.
In the great majority of cases the figures relate to the workers
recorded as in employment at a certain date, irrespective of the
number of hours worked per day and per worker. In some cases,
— 136 —
however, the statistics relate to the number of hours worked
during a certain period of time, and in this case they record t h e
fluctuations in the volume of employment.
PART IV. — AVERAGE W A G E S AND ACTUAL HOURS OF W O R K
(a) Statistics of Average Wages per Worker
These data can be further subdivided according as they relate to
what are known as rates, earnings, or insured wages.
The data relating to rates are usually derived from conditions
laid down in collective agreements or individual contracts, decisions
of arbitration or other courts, legal provisions and, in some cases,
conditions fixed unilaterally by employers or wages offered at the
employment exchanges. In a general way they express a theoretical norm applicable or applied to the workers engaged in the
occupation in question to a degree which varies from one case to
another, so t h a t the figures may be more or less representative.
In general they refer exclusively to normal hours ol work, but may
also include certain supplementary forms of remuneration (costof-living bonuses, allowances for tools, etc.). In most cases they
relate to time workers only, but sometimes data are available for
piece workers in the form of percentage increases or decreases on
the basic rates.
It is always difficult to determine how far the data concerning
rates are representative of the wages actually paid in the occupations in question. At all events it is necessary to point out
t h a t the occupations for which rates are recorded comprise only a
proportion of the workers in the industry, and that the categories
of workers left out of account often include the less well paid.
These data can, however, serve as an indication of the movement of wages. Statistics of wage rates sometimes also provide
data on normal hours of work in the occupations to which they
relate.
The data relating to earnings are derived from the payrolls of
a certain number of representative undertakings; they give the
average wages actually paid (including as a rule all bonuses, allowances, etc.) to workers in the branch of industry in question,
without usually making a distinction between time workers and
— 137 —
piece workers, and they refer generally to earnings for hours actually
worked.
There are two sets of statistics of this kind: (1) periodical
statistics compiled regularly for the month, quarter or year, which
usually give only fairly condensed data such as average earnings
per hour, or more rarely per week, for all workers in the branch,
and distinguish at most between men and women and occasionally
between various degrees of skill; (2) statistics obtained from special
enquiries carried out at irregular intervals or only once every few
years, which give more detailed information on the various bonuses
and allowances, sometimes also on social insurance contributions,
and usually distinguish between the different occupations and
sometimes between time work, piece work, etc.
The degree to which these statistics are representative is, however,
not precisely known. The undertakings selected for making the
returns are as a rule of a certain size and stability, and their
workers are sometimes better paid than those in other undertakings.
Consequently the data may tend to be somewhat too high, but
the fluctuations they show from year to year may be regarded
as representative.
The data relating to insured wages are derived from the records
required for the purposes of compulsory social insurance schemes,
as a rule the declarations made by employers for the fixing of
their contributions. In some cases employers declare the total
wages paid and the total number of days worked, from which the
average wage per day can be calculated. In other cases they
declare the number of workers employed whose wages fall into
certain wage classes. In this case the average wage per worker
may be theoretically calculated on thè assumption that the wages
paid in the different wage classes fall on the average at the middle
of the range for that class.
These insurance statistics usually cover nearly all workers and
are thus much wider in scope than the two series mentioned above.
In particular, they comprise as a rule the less well paid workers,
who are sometimes omitted from the other statistics. On the other
hand, the insurance schemes in force generally fix a maximum above
which wages are not taken into account for insurance purposes and
therefore cease to come into the statistics. Taken altogether, these
circumstances may mean that the averages obtained will usually
be somewhat lower than those shown by other kinds of data.
— 138 —
(b) Statistics of Hours Worked 1
These data are often obtained from the same returns as those
used for the data relating to earnings and form, so to speak, part
of the same periodical statistics or special enquiries. In some cases
data as to hours are obtained either separately or in connection
with employment statistics. Here too, however, they are based on
returns made by certain representative establishments. In any
case the observations made above as to the more or less representative character of the statistics of earnings apply in a general way
to the statistics of hours worked.
The data show either the average number of hours worked per
worker, or the percentage of workers working hours within a
certain range of time, or both. The time unit—the day, the week
or the month—varies according to circumstances. For several
reasons, in particular owing to the Saturday half-holiday, the
varying number of days in the different months, and the labour
turnover during the period, it is not possible to transform the series
directly from one time unit to another. Thus, it may not be
concluded from an average working day of seven hours that the
average working week is forty-two hours, or vice versa.
PART V. — TOTAL WAGES AND VALUE OF OUTPUT
The principal sources used here for estimating the total wages
(and salaries) paid to all workers (and salaried employees) in the
branches of industry considered are the censuses of production
and, in some cases, social insurance statistics.1
The production statistics (periodical or occasional censuses)
usually cover the great majority of the undertakings considered,
except for small undertakings, which are in most cases excluded
(the limit for exclusion varies from one country to another). The
absolute figures of total wages and salaries obtained from these
statistics cannot, therefore, be taken as an absolutely complete and
comparable measure of the total income from work of all workers
in the branch of industry. On the other hand, the fluctuations
from year to year (shown by index numbers) may be regarded as
more or less representative.
1
For further details of these statistics, see International Labour Review,
Vol. XXXIV, No. 3, Sept. 1936, " Statistics of Total Wages and Salaries ".
— 139 —
As regards the social insurance statistics, these show the total
wages paid in the same way as they show the average wages per
worker. As in the production statistics, so too in the insurance
statistics, some undertakings, and as a rule the smallest, may be
omitted since they are not liable to insurance. Further, the
maximum limit usually fixed for the insured wage means that
part or all of the better paid workers' wages is left out of account.
Here, too, the absolute figures must be treated as subject to reservation, while their fluctuations from year to year may be regarded
as more or less representative.
Partie II. Effectifs — Part II. Persons occupied
ALLEMAGNE
GERMANY
I. Recensement de la population, 1933 — Population census, 1933
Situation professionnelle
Population active (total) i . .
Employés et personnes travaillant à leur propre compte .
Population salariée s . . . .
Ouvriers 2 s
Employés et fonctionnaires .
Hommes
Moles
Femmes
Females
Total
Status
532,638
584,944
1,117,582
22,482
510,156
422,355
87,801
6,924
578,020
546,901
31,119
29,406
1,088,176
969,256
118,920
Gainfully occupied (total) 1
Employers and persons working on own account
Gainfully employed 3
Wage earners 2 s
Salaried employees and officials
1 Y compris 260.035 chômeurs (139.470 hommes et 120.565 femmes). — Includes 260,035 persons
reported out of work (139,470 males and 120,565 females).
2 Y compris membres de famille aidant et les apprentis. — Includes family assistants and
apprentices.
s Y compris 237.293 chômeurs (122.157 hommes et 115.136 femmes). — Includes 237,293 persons
reported out of work (122,157 males and 115,136 females).
SOURCE : Die berufliche und soziale Gliederung der Bevölkerung im Deutschen Reich, nach der Berufszählung
vom 16. Juni 1933, supplément de Wirtschaft und Statistik, Vol. 14, 1934, No. 24.
II. Recensement des établissements industriels, 1933 — Census of industrial
establishments, 1933.
et branches industrielles
Travailleurs à domicile . . .
Directeurs, administrateurs, etc.
Membres de famille aidant .
Personnel administratif et
Apprentis (dans le commerce)
Personnel technique et contre-
Textile
Soie artificielle
Soie
Laine
Lin, chanvre, jute . . . .
Tricot chaîne, bonneterie,
tapis, tissus pour meubles,
rubans, blanchiment, teinture, impression, cordes,
filets, etc
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
Total
Statas and Branch
19,818
8,403
4,538
2,972
7,766
32,682
262
7,714
27,584
41,085
4,800
10,686
29,798
3,352
15,583
1,718
45,381
5,070
25,543
292,449
4,676
2,322
395,356
1,595
27,865
687,805
6,271
Owners
Homeworkers
Directors, managers, etc.
Family assistants
Administrative and clerical
' staff
Apprentices (commercial)
Technical staff and supervisors
Workers i
Apprentices
391,549
464,998
856,547
Textiles
*
*
*
*
*
•
*
*
*
*
19,444
41,451
165,885
215,482
65,669
Rayon
Silk
Wool
Cotton
Flax, hemp, jute
348,616
Knitting, hosiery, carpets,
furniture coverings, ribbons, bleaching, dyeing,
printing, ropes, nets, etc.
*
*
i La répartition des ouvriers est comme suit; ouvriers qualiQês 51.048, ouvriers semi-qualifiés 151.915,
ouvriers non qualifiés 89.486 ; la même répartition n'est pas disponible pour les femmes. — The distribution
of male workers is as follows: skilled workers 51,048; semi-skilled workers 151,915; unskilled workers
89,486 ; no similar data are given for female workers.
SOURCE: Das Personal der gewerblichen Niederlassungen, Ergebnisse der gewerblichen Betriebszählung
vom 16. Juni 1933. Supplément de Wirtschaft und Statistik, Vol. 15, 1935, No. 15.
— 142 —
Effectifs (suite) — Persons occupied (coni.)
AUTRICHE
AUSTRIA
Recensement de la population, 1934 — Population census, 1934
Branches
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
Total
Coton
Soie et soie artificielle . . .
Laine
Lin, chanvre, jute, etc. . . .
Autres i
9,008
2,154
5,488
2,718
15,500
12,038
2,300
6,963
3,705
23,869
21,046
4,454
12,451
6,423
39,369
34,868
48,875
83,743
Total
Branch
Cotton
Silk and rayon
Wool
Flax, hemp, jute, etc.
Other i
Total
i Y compris bonneterie, tricot chaîne, rubans, passementerie, dentelles, cordes et ficelles, tapis, tissus
pour ameublement, etc. — Includes hosiery and knitting, ribbons, trimmings, lace, ropes and cords, carpets,
furniture coverings, etc.
Textile :
Ouvriers i
Total
Employeurs et personnes travaillant à leur propre compte
Total de la population
active
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
Tota l
25,424
7,102
44,066
3,268
69,490
10,370
32,526
47,334
79,860
2,342
1,541
3,883
Total
34,868
48,875
83,743
Total gainfully occupied
Status
Textiles :
Wage earners i
Salaried employees
i Y compris 617 apprentis et 318 membres de famille aidant. — Includes 617 apprentices and
318 family assistants.
SOURCE: Die Ergebnisse der österreichischen Volkszählung vom 22. März 1934.
heft). Vienne, 1935.
Bundesstaat (Tabellen-
143 —
BELGIQUE
BELGIUM
Recensement de l'industrie et du commerce, 1930 — Industrial and commercial
census, 1930
Textile :
Ouvriers
Employés
Membres de famille aidant .
Total des employés. .
Employeurs et ouvriers travaillant à leur propre c o m p t e . .
active
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
Total
107,520
11,501
3,879
118,130
2,940
1,439
225,650
14,441
5,318
122,900
122,509
245,409
9,286
2,010
11,296
132,186
124,519
256,705
Status
Textiles :
W a g e earners
Salaried employees
Family assistants
Total employees
Employers and workers
their own account
Total gainfully
pied
on
occu-
SOOBCE: «Recensement de l'industrie et du commerce, 1930; partie I : Recensement professionnel«
Revue du Travail, juin 1934.
BRÉSIL
BRAZIL
Branche
Textile i
Pour cent
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
Total
30,821
0.38
57,548
3.93
88,369
0.92
Branch
Textiles i
Per cent.
1
Dont 10.954 hommes et 20.449 femmes au-dessous de 21 ans. — Of whom 10,954 males and 20,449
females under 21 years of age.
SOURCE: Ministerio da Agricultura, Industria e Commercio, Directoría Gérai de Estadística: Synapse do
Recenseamento Realizado em 1 de Setembro 1920, Populacao do Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 1926.
CANADA
CANADA
Branches
Soie et soie artificielle
Laine cardée et peignée
Total
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
Total
Branch
Cotton goods
Silk and silk goods (including
artificial silk)
Woollens and worsteds—yarn,
cloth, etc.
Other i
11,189
7,255
18,444
. . . .
4,790
4,101
8,891
. . .
4,649
10,077
3,616
9,033
8,265
19,110
30,705
24,005
54,710
Total
i Y compris auvents, tentes et voiles, tapis, moquettes et carpettes, cordages, câbles et ficelles, teinture,
blanchiment et finissage; bonneterie et tricots, autres et non spécifiés.— Includes awnings, tents, and sails;
carpets, mats and rugs; cordage, rope and twine; dyeing, bleaching, and finishing; hosiery and knitted
goods; other and unspecified.
SOURCES: Seventh Census of Canada, 1931. Bulletin No. XXXVI. Ottawa, 1934. — Dominion Bureau of
Statistics: Seventh Census of Canada, 1931: Gainfully employed ten years of age and over by industry and
sex for Canada and the provinces and for cities 30,000 and over. Ottawa, 1934.
— 144 —
Effectifs (suite)
Persons occupied (cont.)
CANADA (cont.)
CANADA (suite)
II. Statistique des industries manufacturières
Statistics of manufacturing industries
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
210
11,712
403
6,394
377
12,299
521
7,318
898
19,617
Soie et soie artificielle . . . .
Filés de laine
D r a p de laine
D r a p de laine (non spécifié ailleurs)
Laine (en tout) . . .
5,526
1,231
3,006
3,694
1,233
2,373
9,220
2,464
5,979
837
5,674
249
3,855
1,086
9,529
Déchets de coton et de laine .
Préparation du lin
Divers i
Textile (en tout) 2 . .
173
45
10,778
34,495
109
282
45
23,844
62,537
Bntiiches
Filés et tissus de coton . . .
Cotonnades (non spécifiées ailCoton (en tout)
. . .
*
13,066
28,042
Total
Branch
613
18,106
Cotton thread
Cotton yarn and cloth
Cotton textiles (not elsewhere
specified)
Cotton (total)
Silk and artificial silk
Woollen yarn
Woollen cloth
Woollen goods (not elsewhere
specified)
Wool (total)
Cotton and wool waste
Flax dressed
Other 1
Total textiles 2
1 Y compris auvents, tentes et voiles; sacs, ouate, tapis, moquettes et carpettes, cordages, câbles
et ficelles, teinture et finissage des produits textiles, bonneterie et tricots, autres industries textiles,
etc. — Includes awnings, tents and sails; bags; batting and wadding; carpets, mats, and rugs; cordage,
rope, and twine; dyeing and finishing of textiles; hosiery and knitted goods; miscellaneous textiles, etc.
2 A l'exclusion de la confection, des corsets, mercerie pour hommes, chapeaux et casquettes, gants
et mitaines de tissu, vêtements huilés et imperméabilisés, teinture, nettoyage et blanchisserie. —•
Does not include clothing, corsets, men's furnishings, hats and caps, gloves and mittens, oiled and
waterproofed clothing, dyeing, cleaning and laundrywork.
SOURCE: Advance Report on the Manufacturing Industries of Canada, 1934.
CHINE
CHINA
1
a
Nombre d'ouvriers des fabriques textiles dans certaines provinces en 1930
Textile factory workers 1 in certain 2 provinces in 1930
Nombre d'ouvriers 2
„ ,
,
.
„
Number of workers ¿
Branches — Branch
Coton s — Cotton ¡>
360,680 2
Soie — Silk
188,750
Autres — Other
49,709
Total
599,139
1 Fabriques employant au moins 30 ouvriers. — Factories employing 30 or more workers each.
2 Kiangsu, Chesiang, Anhwei, Kiang-Si, Hupeh, Shantung, Kwantung, Kwangsi and Fu-Kien. Hopei,
Ho-Nan, Hu-Nan, Liao-nung et Shan-Si sont aussi compris dans le chiffre pour le coton. — The figure
for cotton includes also Hopei, Ho-Nan, Hu-Nan, Liao-nung and Shan-Si.
s A l'exclusion de l'égrenage du coton. — Excluding cotton ginning.
SOURCE: Nankai Institute of Economics, Nankai University, Tientsin, China: Industry Series, Bulletin
No. 4: • Cotton Industry and Trade in china •, by 11. D. KONG, Tientsin, China, August 1932, p. 113.
ESPAGNE
SPAIN
Recensement de la population, 1920 —- Population census, 1920
Hommes
Males
Branches
Textile i
Pourcentage 2
83,472
1.25
Femmes
Females
Total
123,680
12.22
207,152
2.69
Branch
Textiles i
Per cent. 2
homme
444 femmes
au-nfudlesysooccupi
us deed.21 ans. — Of whom 18,048 males
femal12 esDeDontunderla 18.popul02148ayears
ofsiage.vete. 24.—
t
i
o
n
act
Of
gai
SOURCE:
MINISTERI
de 1920,
Vol.OV,DE« ResTRABAJO
ultadosYdePREVIla clSaIÓsifN,icaciSERVIón CdeIOloGENERAL
s habitantDEes deESTADÍEspañaSTICA:porCesunsoprofdeesipobl
ón •,
. . .
145
ÉTATS-UNIS D'AMÉRIQUE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Branches
Soie i
Laine, laine peignée
Tricot
Autres textiles
Total
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
261,821
109,474
89,842
72,845
176,713
160,383
95,648
54,671
102,067
93,947
422,204
205,122
144,513
174,912
270,660
710,695
506,716
1,217,411
Total
Branch
Cotton
Silki
Woollen, worsted
Knitting
Other textile
Total
i Y compris la soie artificielle: hommes 21.573, femmes 12.409, total 33.982.
Maies 21,573, Females 12,409, Total 33,982.
Including rayon:
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census of ihe United States : 1930
Population, Vol. V, General Report on Occupations. Washington, 1933.
II. Recensement des industries, 1933 x — Census of manufactures, 1933x
Branches
Propriétaires
et associes
Employés
Ouvriers
Proprietors
and Firm
members
Salaried
Employees
Wage
Earners
Total
74
8,866
379,445
388,385
61
1,081
13,237
14,379
135
9,947
392,682
402,764
. .
424
4,647
110,322
115,393
Laine cardée
Délainage de p e a u x . . .
Dégraissage de la laine . .
Laine d'effilochage
. . .
Laine peignée
99
8
5
18
54
2,180
47
151
127
3,266
48,536
678
1,395
1,527
78,691
50,815
733
1,551
1,672
82,011
184
5,771
130,827
136,782
o
819
298
21,450
4,248
316,678
4,548
338,947
1,564
42,113
954,757
998,434
Coton (filature et tissage) .
Cotonnades (vêtements exSoie et soie artificielle.
Jute
Autres
2
Total général.
. .
Branch
Cotton goods
Cotton small wares
Cotton
Silk and rayon goods
Woollen goods
Wool pulling
Wool scouring
Wool shoddy
Worsted goods
Wool and worsted
J u t e goods
Other s
Grand total
i A l'exclusion des chômeurs. — Excluding unemployed.
s Y compris les tapis et moquettes, produits de laine autres que tapis, épongement des vêtements,
cordes, ficelles, teinture et finissage, produits du feutre, crins et jute, fabr. d'ouvrages en cheveux, chapeaux,
fabr. en feutre de poil ou de laine, bonneterie tricotée, dentelles, toile, nattes, vannerie, etc. — Includes
carpets and rugs, wool other than rag; cloth sponging and reflnishing; cordage and twine; dyeing and
finishing textiles; felt goods, wool, hair or jute; hair-cloth; hats, fur-felt or wool-felt; knit goods, lace
goods; linen goods; mats and matting, etc.
SOUBCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Biennial Census of Manufactures, 1933.
Washington, 1936.
voi.n. 10
— 146 —
ÉTATS-UNIS D'AMÉRIQUE (suite)
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (com.)
III. Recensement de la population, 1930 — Population census, 1930
Nombre
Number
et degré de qualification
Textile :
Propriétaires, personnes travaillant à leur propre compte . .
Directeurs et fonctionnaires . .
Ingénieurs, chimistes, e t c . . . .
Employés subalternes
Travailleurs qualifiés, chefs d'équipes et contremaîtres . . .
Chefs d'équipes et contremaîtres
Professions
des travailleurs
Travailleurs semi-qualifiés, y
compris les apprentis . . . .
Apprentis
Travailleurs non qualifiés . . .
Autres professions, y compris les
non classées
Total
Pourcentage
Per cent.
10,036
15,728
7,670
77,787
0.9
1.3
0.6
6.3
97,694
34,366
8.0
2.8
63,328
5.2
872,299
2,107
838,311
31,881
135,763
71.7
0.2
68.9
2.6
11.2
434
0.0
1,217,411
100.0
Textiles:
Owners, operators and proprietors
Managers and officials
Professional pursuits
Clerical occupations
Skilled trades, and foremen and
overseers
Foremen and overseers
Semi-skilled workers, including
apprentices
Apprentices
Operatives
Other
Unskilled workers
Other occupations including not
classified
Total
N O T E . — L a classification d'après le degré de qualification est établie d'après celle du D'A. M. Edwards,
du «Bureau of the Census » des Etats-Unis. Voir « A Social-Economic Grouping of the Gainful Workers of the
United States», Journal of the American Statistical Association, vol. XXVIII, décembre 1933, pp. 379-383.
— The classification according to skill follows that of Dr. A. M. Edwards of the U. S. Bureau of the
Census. See " A Social-Economic Grouping of the Gainful Workers of the United States ", in Journal
of the American Statistical Association, Vol. XXVIII, Dec. 1933, pp. 379-383.
FRANCE
FRANCE
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
Total
281,184
48,280
6,902
440,633
21,169
14,770
721,817
69,449
21,672
336,366
476,572
812,938
34,053
73,469
107,522
370,419
550,041
920,460
Textile :
Employés
Chômeurs
Population salariée . .
Employeurs et travailleurs
indépendants
active
Status
Textiles :
W a g e earners
Salaried employees
Unemployed
Total wage earners and
salaried employees
Employers and independent
workers
Total gainfully
occupied
Ouvriers et employés 1
Wage earners and salaried employees 1
Branch
Branches
Coton
Laine
Lin, chanvre, j u t e
Autres industries textiles
Total
2
.
Hommes
Males
Femmes
Females
Total
72,005
79,815
35,530
16,711
132,305
117,429
83,284
76,778
24,203
174,878
189,434
163,099
112,308
40,914
307,183
336,366
476,572
812,938
Cotton
Wool
Silk
Flax, hemp a n d j u t e
Other textile industries 2
Total
1 Y compris les chômeurs. — Including unemployed.
2 Y compris blanchiment, teinture, bonneterie, dentelles, rubans, etc. — Including bleaching, dyeing,
hosiery, lace, ribbons, etc.
SOUBCE : Statistique générale : Résultats statistiques du recensement général de la population eßectue le 8 mars
1931. Vol. I, partie I I I : > Population active, établissements », pp. 120-126.
147 —
GRANDE-BRETAGNE
GREAT BRITAIN
Ouvriers et employés (y compris les chômeurs) 1
Operatives (Including unemployed) 1
Branches
Branch
Coton
Laine, laine peignée
. . . .
Soie (naturelle et artificielle).
Autres industries textiles s
.
Total
Hommes
Males
Femmes
Females
Total
211,383
103,476
31,679
18,345
159,358
373,621
139,608
39,578
37,338
196,920
585,004
243,084
71,257
55,683
356,278
524,241
787,065
1,311,306
Cotton
Wool, worsted, shoddy
Silk (natural and artificial)
Flax, h e m p , j u t e
Other textile industries 2
Total
i Ouvriers et employés, à l'exclusion des employeurs, directeurs et personnes travaillant à leur propre
compte. 254.698 (98.029 hommes et 156.669 femmes) chômeurs sont compris; un petit nombre de chômeurs
appartenant au groupe • employeurs, administrateurs et directeurs » est peut-être compris dans ces totaux.
— Operatives include wage earners and salaried employees, but exclude employers, directors and
managers, and persons working on own account. Unemployed persons totalling 254,698 (98,029 males
and 156,669 females) are included; a small number of unemployed persons belonging to the group
" employers, directors, and managers " may be included in these totals.
2 Y compris bonneterie, bonneterie tricotée, dentelles, tapis, cordes, rubans, etc., toiles, ourlage,
broderies, etc. — Includes hosiery and other knitted goods, lace, carpets and rugs, rope, cord and twine,
tapes, etc., canvas goods, hemming and embroidery, etc.
Textile :
Ouvriers et employés . . .
Chômeurs i
Travaillant à leur propre
compte
'. .
Employeurs, directeurs, ad-
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
Total
426,212
98,029
630,396
156,669
1,056,608
254,698
1,415
2,837
4,252
21,366
1,228
22,594
547,022
791,130
1,338,152
Status
Textiles :
Operatives
Out of work i
Working on own account
Employers, directors, m a n a gers
Total gainfully
occupied
i Y compris les chômeurs pour toutes les classes. — Includes " out of work " from all classes.
SOURCE: Census o/ England and Wales, 1931, Industry Tables, p. 4; Census o/ Scotland, 1931, Vol. I l l :
" Occupations and Industries ", p. 319.
— 148 —
IRLANDE DU NORD
NORTHERN IRELAND
Branches
L a i n e cardée et peignée et laine
d'effllocbage
Lin
Total 2
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Fem Elles
48
14
89
4
137
18
591
21,641
1,401
11,052
555
43,273
1,727
24,311
1,146
64,914
3,128
35,363
34,747
69,959
104,706
Total
Branch
Cotton
Silk
Wool, worsted and shoddy
Flax
H e m p and j u t e
Other i
Total 2
i Y compris bonneterie, bonneterie tricotée, dentelles, cordes, ficelles, teinture, impression, blanchiment, calandrage, apprêt, etc. — Includes hosiery, knitted goods, lace, carpets, rope, cord, twine,
dyeing, printing, bleaching, calendering, finishing, etc.
s Y compris produits textiles (non compris vêtements). — Including textile goods (not dress).
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
208
2
210
40
18,084
722
5,133
102
36,985
353
10,145
142
55,069
1,075
15,278
24,187
47,587
71,774
Total
Textile i :
Personnes travaillant à leur
propre compte
Employés
Apprentis et élèves . . . .
Total
Status
Textiles i :
Employers
Workers on own account
Employees
Apprentices and learners
Unemployed
Total
i A l'exclusion des fabriques de produits textiles. — Excluding makers of textile goods.
SOURCE: Government of Northern Ireland: Census of Population of Northern Ireland, 1926. General
Report. Belfast, 1926.
HONGRIE
HÜNGARY
Branches
Apprêt du lin et du chanvre,
fabrication de ceintures, etc.
Filature et tissage du lin et du
chanvre, du coton, d u j u t e ,
Total
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
2,872
3,935
6,807
2,227
897
3,124
9,133
1,045
8,888
12,713
2,699
8,833
21,846
3,744
17,721
24,165
29,077
53,242
Total
Branch
Wool
Finishing of flax and h e m p ,
manufacture of belts, etc.
Spinning and weaving of flax,
and hemp, cotton and jute,
manufactures of cotton-wool
Silk
Other i
Total
i Y compris bonneterie, broderies, dentelles, passementerie, teinture, impression et tapisseries. —
Includes hosiery, embroideries, lace, trimmings, dyeing, bleaching, printing, and upholstery.
— 149
Effectifs (suite) — Persons occupied (cont.)
HÜNGARY (cont.)
HONGRIE (suite)
Textile:
Indépendants
Employés (y compris les
fonctionnaires)
Chefs d'équipe et contremaîtres
Commis, ouvriers et maAutres
Membres de famille
aidant
Total
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
2,948
1,497
4,445
2,726
1,169
3,895
Total
1,144
79
1,223
14,988
1,460
818
81
25,755
402
106
69
40,743
1,862
924
150
24,165
29,077
53,242
Status
Textiles :
Indépendants
Salaried employees
ing officiais)
(includ-
Foremen, supervisors
Clerks, manual workers,
day labourers i
Apprentices
Other
Family assistants
Total
i Dont 184 hommes et 796 femmes de moins de 16 ans. — Of whom 184 males and 796 females of less
than 16 years of age.
SOURCE: Office central royal hongrois de statistique: Recensement général de la population en 1930, partie I I I :
• Résultats détaillés sur les professions et statistique des établissements ». Budapest, 1935.
INDE
INDIA
Hommes 1
Maies 1
Femmes 1
Females 1
Total 1
Filature et tissage du coton .
Filature et tissage de la laine .
Cardage, filature et tissage de
1,761,267
57,023
1,122,306
57,498
2,883,573
114,521
63,934
45,413
109,347
Filature et tissage du j u t e . .
235,804
217,417
36,649
247,620
272,453
465,037
Total (à l'exclusion de
l'égrenage, etc.) . .
2,335,445
1,509,486
3,844,931
Branches
Branch
Cotton spinning, sizing and
weaving
Silk spinning and weaving
Wool carding, spinning and
weaving
J u t e pressing, spinning and
weaving
Other 2
Total (excluding
ning, etc.)
gin-
1
2
Y compris les membres actifs de la famille. — Including working dependants.
Y compris les cordes, ficelles et autres fils; crins; teinture, blanchiment, impression, préparation
et épongement des textiles, dentelles, crêpe, broderies, franges, etc. — Including rope, twine, string;
other fibres; hair; dyeing, bleaching, printing, preparation and sponging oftextiles; lace, crepe, embroideries, fringes, etc.
SOURCE: Census of India, 1931, Vol. I, Part I I : " Imperial Tables ". Delhi, 1933.
II. Nombre des personnes employées dans les fabriques textiles en 1932
II. Number of persons employed in textile factories in 1932
Branches
Soie
Jute
Total
Inde brit. 1 Etats indiens2 3
British Indiai Indian States 2 3
Inde
India
Branch
397,358
5,323
2,072
263,442
3,060
533
56,207
1,199
3,009
2,780
93
3,075
453,565
6,522
5,081
266,222
3,153
3,608
Cotton
Wool
Silk
Jute
Hosiery
Miscellaneous
671,788
66,363
738,151
Total
»2 Fabriques. —• Factories.
Grands établissements industriels. — Large industrial establishments.
3
Y compris Etablissements français dans l'Inde. —• Including French Settlements.
SOURCE: East India: Statistical Abstract for British India with statistics, where available, relating to certain
Indian States from 1923-24 to 1932-33. London, 1936.
— 150
ITALIE
ITALY
Textile i :
salariée
Employeurs et personnes travaillant à leur propre compte
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
Total
128,841
20,302
508,317
9,338
637,158
29,640
149,143
517,655
666,798
Total employees
13,996
50,569
64,565
163,139
568,224
731,363
Status
Textiles : i
Wage earners
Salaried employees
Total gainfully
occupied
i Y compris filature et tissage, soie artificielle, tentures, cordes, dentelles, broderies, franges, passementerie, bonneterie tricotée, Diets, imperméables, voiles et drapeaux. — Including spinning and weaving
of textile fibres; rayon; dyeing; cords, lace, ribbons, embroideries, fringes, trimmings, knit goods, nets,
waterproof cloth, veils, and flags.
SOURCE: Istituto Centrale di Statistica del Regno d'Italia: VII. Censimento generale della Popolazione,
21 Aprile 1931, IX, Voi. IV: «Relazione generale», partie II, tableaux. Rome, 1934.
II.
II. Moyenne mensuelle des ouvriers employés, 1935
Monthly average number of wage earners employed, 1935
Branches — Branch
Soie, total — Silk, total
Sole, préparation * — Silk preparation i
» mature i
— „ spinning i
» tissage 1
— „ weaving i
Cotona — Cotton 2
Laine 2 — Wool 2
Lin, chanvre ! — Flax and hemp 1
Jutei. . . . '
67,818
27,970
17,990
21,858
174,104
83,955
21,201
13,101
Total
360,179
1 Tous les établissements. —• All establishments.
2
Etablissements employant au moins 10 ouvriers. — Establishments employing at least 10 workers.
SOURCE: Annuario statistico italiano, Anno 1936, p. 148. Chiffres compilés par le ministère des Corporafîniis
l i i t q /*r.ì^nr'+t¡ñ Vnr t h » 1Wmictf\7 nf P.nrrini'Qtinna
JAPAN
JAPON
x
Hommes — Maies
Femmes — Females
Total
Classification par industrie. — Classification by industries.
543,922
945,019
1,488,941
— 151 —
JAPON (suite)
JAPAN (coni.)
II. Recensement de la population, 1930 1 — Population census, 1930 l
Textile :
Employeurs
propre compte
Population salariée . . . .
Total
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
85,275
8,741
94,016
40,222
309,208
434,705
55,839
861,868
926,448
96,061
1,171,076
1,361,153
Total
Status
Textiles:
Employers
W o r k i n g on own account
Operatives
Total
i ClassiQcation par profession. — Occupational classification.
III. Statistiques des fabriq ues, 1934— Factory statistics, 1934
Travailleurs 1 — Operatives 1
Branches
Branch
Hommes
Maies '
Femmes
Females
Soie:
Sans indication
Filature
Tordage
Tissage
Soie (total) 2 . . . .
32,771
5.061
2,488
17,481
57,801
263,664
23.065
6,995
67,280
361,004
296,435
28.126
9Ì483
84,761
418,805
Silk:
Not separately specified
Spinning
Twisting
Weaving
Total silk «
Coton:
Filature
Tordage
Tissage
Coton (total) « . . .
28,405
1,390
27,495
57,290
150,894
3,782
114,414
269,090
179,299
5,172
141,909
326,380
Cotton :
Spinning
Twisting
Weaving
Total cotton 2
Laine:
Filature
Tissage
Laine (total) 2
7,890
9,894
17,784
22,840
28,955
51,795
30,730
38,849
69,579
23,431
13,131
36,562
23,290
52,623
75,913
46,721
65,754
112,475
Rayon :
Manufacture
Weaving
Total 2
2,988
1,767
4,755
6,329
5,042
11,371
9,317
6,809
16,126
Hemp:
Spinning
Weaving
Total 2
10,630
24,947
35,577
Other fibres, and combinations,
spinning, weaving, e t c .
10,014
57,995
2,780
70,789
14,779
10,695
5,726
31,200
24,793
68,690
8,506
101,989
255,611
825,320
1,080,931
. . .
Soie artificielle:
Fabrication
Tissage
Total s
Chanvre :
Tissage
Total 2
Autres fils et combinaisons,
filature, tissage, etc. . . .
Bonneterie
Teinture, apprêt
Total autres textiles .
Total de l'industrie textile
Total
Wool:
Spinning
Weaving
Total wool 2
Hosiery
Dyeing, finishing, cleaning
Nets, cords, e t c .
Total other textiles
Total, textile industry
1 Y compris les employés, les ouvriers et les « autres •, c'est-à-dire les messagers et autres travailleurs
qui ne sont pas directement engagés dans la production (par exemple menuisiers).
2 Les totaux sont indiqués pour chaque groupe principal pour autant que le permet la source
originale; par exemple, il n'y a pas de détails pour le « tordage •, à l'exception du coton, de la soie et
« autres ».
1 Includes salaried employees, wage earners, and " other ", which last group includes messengers
and other workers not directly connected with production (e.g. joiners).
2 The totals for each main group are given so far as the data in the original source permit: e.g. no
details are given for " twisting " except for cotton, silk, and " other ".
SOURCE: Ministry of Commerce and Industry: Factory Siaiisfics.
Tokyo, 1936.
— 152
MEXIQUE
MEXICO
Branches
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
Total
Filature, tissage et impression
de flls (coton, laine, lin, soie
et soie artificielle)
Bonneterie, etc
Passementerie, etc
48,411
2,845
339
8,610
2,411
76
57,021
5,256
415
Filature et tissage des cordes,
ficelles, jute, palm, • lechuguilla », « henequén • . . .
16,344
8,722
25,066
Total (à l'exclusion de
l'égrenage)
. . . .
67,939
19,819
87,758 1
Branch
Spinning, weaving and printing of fibres (cotton, wool,
flax, silk and rayon)
Hosiery, etc.
Trimmings, etc.
Spinning, weaving and twisting
of fibres (cords, strings, jute,
palm, " lechuguilla ", " henequén ")
Total (excl. ginning)
i Personnes employées dans l'égrenage du coton: 12.102 hommes, 124 femmes, en tout 12.226. numbers employed in cotton ginning were 12,102 males, 124 females, 12,226 total.
•The
SOURCE: Secretaria de la Economia Nacional, Dirección General de Estadística: Quinto Censo de
Población 15 de Mayo de 1930. Resumen general. México, P. F. 1934.
PAYS-BAS
NETHERLANDS
Recensement de la population, 1930 — Population census. 1930
BrancheB
HommeB
Maies
Femmes
Females
Total
Laine cardée et laine peignée .
Soie artificielle
Lin et jute
25,728
9,067
3,989
3,402
15,Si5
10,943
2,981
4,769
1,115
10,386
36,671
12,048
8,758
4,517
26,301
58,101
30,194
88,295
Total 2
Branch
Cotton
Wool and worsted
Artificial silk
Flax and
jute
Other 1
Total «
i Y compris blanchiment et teinture du coton, impression sur calicot, teinture de la laine, cordes,
filets, tapis et moquettes, velours, rideaux, dentelles, rubans, passementerie, etc.
2 Dont 1.686 chefs d'entreprises (1.409 hommes et 277 femmes).
i Includes cotton bleaching, cotton dyeing, calico printing, wool dyeing, hosiery, cords, nets, carpets
and rugs, velvet, curtains, lace, ribbons, trimmings, etc.
2
Of the total, 1,686 were heads of undertakings (1,409 males and 277 females).
SOURCE: Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek: Statistiek van Nederland: Volkstelling 31 december 1930,
Deel VIII: « Uitkomsten van de beroepstelling bedrijfsindeeling ». 's Gravenhage, 1934.
— 153 —
Effectifs (suae) — Persons occupied (coni.)
POLAND
POLOGNE
Statistiques des établissements industriels, 1934 — Statistics of industrial
establishments, 1934
Ouvriers — "Wage earners
Branches
Filature
Tissage
Etablissements avec plus d'une
division
Total (à l'exclusion de la soie
artificielle)
Soie artificielle
Total
Branch
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
Total
7,805
11,509
13,471
9,391
21,276
20,900
28,018
12,527
34,545
13,187
62,563
25,714
59,859
2,895
70,594
3,528
130,453
6,423
62,754
74,122
136,876
Spinning
Weaving
Establishments with more than
one division
Other i
Total (excluding rayon)
Rayon
Total
1
Y compris bonneterie, ouate, bobinage, dentelles et rideaux, tapis, passementerie, cordes, chapeaux,
feutre, etc. — Includes hosiery, cotton-wool, spooling, lace and curtains, carpets, trimmings, cord, hats,
felt manufacturing, etc.
Situation professionnelle — Status
Nombre — Number
Textile — Textiles » :
Ouvriers — Wage earners
Apprentis — Apprentices
Employés — Salaried employees
136,876 2
131
9,325
Total de la population salariée — Total, wage earners and salaried
employees
Propriétaires et membres de la famille aidant — Owners and family
assistants
146,332
Total de la population active — Total, gainfully occupied
146,855
523
i Y compris la soie artificielle. — Including ravon.
2 62.754 hommes et 74.122 femmes. — 62,754 males and 74,122 females.
SOURCE: Statystyka Polshi. Series C. Number 35: «Statystyka Przemyslowa. Produkcja i Zatrudnienie
w Zakladach I-VIII Kategoryj 1934 ».
PORTUGAL
PORTUGAL
SituaUon professionnelle
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
Total
Textile:
Salariés
Travaillant à leur propre
compte
16,441
26,181
42,662
1,681
2,902
4,583
Membres de famille aidant
39
9,188
9,227
active
18,161
38,271
56,432
Status
Textiles :
Employed
Working on own account
Members of family assisting
bead
SOURCE: Direcçâo Gera! de Estatística: Anuario Estatistico de Portugal, 1932.
Total gainfully
occupied
154
SUÈDE
SWEDEN
Branches
Bonneterie, broderies
. . . .
Cordes, ocelles, filets, etc. . .
Teinture, blanchiment, etc.
Total
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
Total
4,461
12,215
2,380
637
1,336
442
6,364
16,364
11,587
835
506
625
10,825
28,579
13,967
1,472
1,842
1,067
21,471
36,281
57,752
Hommes
Males
Femmes
Females
Total
19,296
2,175
35,414
867
54,710
3,042
21,471
846
36,281
4,154
57,752
5,000
22,317
40,435
62,752
Textile:
Total de la population salariée
Chefs d'établissements
. .
active
Branch
Spinning
Wearing
Hosiery, embroideries
Ropes, strings, nets, etc.
Dyeing, bleaching, etc.
Other
Total
Status
Textiles:
W a g e earners
Salaried employees
Total, wage earners and salaried employees
H e a d s of undertakings
Total gainfully
occupied
SOURCE: Statistiska Centralbyrân: Folkräkningen den 31 December 1930 III. Folkmangden efter yrhe,
inkomst och förmögenhet: 1 avd.
SWITZERLAND
SUISSE
Recensement de la population, 1930
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
FemaleB
Total
Textile :
Ouvriers à domicile . . . .
Ouvriers qualiilês et semiqualifiés
Ouvriers'.non qualifiés . . .
4,278
8,449
12,727
23,841
4,452
50,569
2,367
74,410
6,819
Total des ouvriers . .
32,571
61,385
93,956
677
8,913
269
2,911
946
11,824
42,161
64,565
106,726
Apprentis
Total des ouvriers et
Directeurs
Employés et personnes t r a vaillant à leur propre
353
•
353
1,884
755
2,639
44,398
65,320
109,718
1
Population census, 1930
Status
Textiles :
Home-workers
Skilled and semi-skilled
workers
Unskilled workers
Total wage earners
Apprentices
Salaried employees
Total operatives
Managers and directors
Total gainfully
occupied
— 155 —
SUISSE (suite)
SWITZERLAND
Branches
Coton
Laine
Soie
Soie artificielle
Lin
Autres Industries textiles
Total
. .
Hommes
Haies
Femmes
Females
Total
15,252
3,564
9,903
2,940
1,398
9,104
19,830
4,532
18,211
2,725
1,435
17,832
35,082
8,096
28,114
5,665
2,833
26,936
42,161
64,565
106,726
(coni.)
Branch
Cotton
Wool
Silk
Rayon
Flax
Other textile industries
Total
SOÜBCE: Bureau fédéral de statistique: Recensement fédéral de la population, 1" décembre 1930. Vol. 21:
Suisse, Tableaux statistiques. Berne, 1935.
TCHÉCOSLOVAQUIE
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
Fonction- Employés
naires
Salaried
O/flctala employees
Ouvriers
Wage
earners
Membres
de
famille
aidant
Family
assistants
Total
Occupations
Filature du coton . .
Tissage du coton . .
1,268
3,677
1,443
4,545
36,800
66,698
21
667
39,532
75,587
Coton total .
4,945
5,988
103,498
688
115,119
Filature de la laine .
Tissage de la laine . .
571
2,217
737
1,569
15,682
30,993
9
62
16,999
34,841
2,788
2,306
46,675
71
51,840
112
103
1,982
*
2,197
999
1,206
18,015
9
20,229
Silk weaving, silk ribbon
1,111
1,309
19,997
9
22,426
Silk total
474
1,396
537
1,225
13,910
22,944
32
203
14,953
25,768
Flax, hemp, jute spinning
Flax, hemp, jute weaving
Lin, chanvre, jute
total
1,870
1,762
36,854
235
40,721
Flax, hemp, jute
total
Toutes les autres professions textiles !
4,244
4,432
101,097
874
110,647
All other textile occupations !
14,958
15,797
308,121
1,877
340,753
Laine total
.
Filature de la soie . .
Tissage de la soie, rubans
en soie
Soie total . .
Filature du lin, chanvre,
jute
Tissage du lin, chanvre, jute
Industrie textile
Cotton spinning
Cotton weaving
Cotton total
Wool spinning
Wool weaving
Wool total
Silk spinning
Textile industry
i Y compris filature (sans indication de la matière), tissage (sans indication de la matière), cordes
et fllets, crins et produits des crins, rubans (à l'exclusion de la soie), dentelles et bonneterie tricotée,
blanchiment, teinture et impression, tapis et tapisseries, etc.
i Includes spinning (material not stated), weaving (material not stated), ropes and nets, hair and
horse hair products, ribbons (except silk), lace and knit goods (hosiery), bleached, dyed and print goods, etc.,
carpets, and tapestries, etc.
— 156 —
TCHÉCOSLOVAQUIE (suite)
CZECHOSLOVAKIA (cont.)
I. Recensement de la population, 1930 (suite) — Population census, 1930 (cont.)
Textile :
Ouvriers l
Fonctionnaires
salariée i
propre compte
Total de 2la population
active
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
117,023
¡7,ûi s
11,481
205,810
¿,ûôu
3,939
322,833
146,133
211,784
357,917
6,421
3,348
9,769
152,554
215,132
367,686
Total
15,430
Status
Textiles : •
Wage earners i
Ociiaiicù GiiipiuycGS
Officiais
Total, wage earners and
salaried officials i
Employees and persons working on own account
Total gainfully occupied 2
i Y compris les apprentis, les travailleurs à domicile et membres de famille aidant. — Include
apprentices, home workers and family assistants.
2 Y compris les chômeurs. — Includes unemployed.
SOURCE: Ceskoslovenskà Statistika, Vol. 113, Series VI (SCitáni lidu, se5it 9), p. 270.
II. Recensement des établissements industriels, 1930 — Census of industrial
establishments, 1930
Branches
Tissage
Tissage
Tissage
Tissage
et filature du coton. .
et filature de la laine
et filature de la soie .
et filature du lin . .
Autres fils
Fabrication de tissus de coton
Fabrication de tissus de laine.
Fabrication de tissus de soie .
Autre textile
Blanchiment, teinture, impression, etc
Garnitures, fabr. des tissus imperméables, nettoyage. . .
Autre textile
Total
Hommes
Maies
Femmes
Females
Total
Branch
55,426
29,014
8,741
11,556
816
6,150
120
5,886
2,190
1,107
5,144
77,701
34,028
14,452
15,223
645
7,285
69
19,533
8,642
2,677
24,263
133,127
63,042
23,193
26,779
1,461
13,435
189
25,419
10,832
3,784
29,40'/
14,495
9,399
23,894
2,753
409
1,895
488
4,648
897
Cotton spinning and weaving
Woollen spinning and weaving
Silk spinning and weaving
Flax spinning and weaving
Hemp
Jute
Other textile fibres
Cotton goods manufactures
Woollen goods manufactures
Silk goods manufactures
Other textile manufacture
Bleaching and dyeing, printing, etc.
Linings, water-proofing, cleaning, etc.
All other textiles
143,807
216,300
360,107 i
Total
i Y compris 40.737 travailleurs à domicile (11.906 hommes et 28.831 femmes). —Includes 40,737 homeworkers (11,906 males and 28,831 females).
SOURCE: Ceskoslovenskà Statistika — Vol. 120, Series XVII
— 157 —
Effectifs (fin) — Persons occupied (conci.)
Ü.R.S.S.
Ü.S.S.R.
Statistiques de l'emploi, janvier 1936 — Employment statistics, January 1936
Blanches
Laine
Toile
Lin, j u t e , etc. . .
Soie
P r é p a r a t i o n du fil.
Tissus imperméables
Total
. . .
Personnel
technique
Ouvrier*
Apprentis
Employes
Commis
Workers
Apprentices
Technical
staff
Employees
Clerical staff
448,300
68,900
95,400
30,100
21,900
18,500
4,600
1,700
1,100
1,600
13,700
3,800
2,600
1,000
700
24,800
4,800
4,500
1,500
1,300
11,500
3,000
2,300
900
600
516,800
85,100
106,500
34,600
26,100
96,700
1,800
6,700
7,600
6,800
119,600
3,600
100
400
400
200
4,700
764,900
29,400
28,900
44,900
25,300
893,400
Tota
Blanch
Cotton
Wool
Linen
Flax, j u t e , etc.
Silk
Preparation of
textile fibres
Water-proofing
Total
SOURCE: Trud v SSSR (Travail dans l'U.R.S.S.), Recueil statistique, 1936.
NOTE. — La répartition par sexe n'est pas disponible. Au 1 " juillet 1935, le nombre de la population
active était de 805.600 dont 518.000 femmes. Voir source ci-dessus. — Distribution by sex not availables
On 1 July 1935, the number gainfully occupied was given as 805,600 of whom 518,000 were female.
(source: as above).
— 158 —
ADDENDUM
Emploi des jeunes gens — Employment of young persons
Jeunes gens engagés dans V industrie textile de quelques pays, répartis par groupes
d'âge -r- Young persons engaged in the textile industry in selected countries, classified
by age groups
Pays et groupes d'âge
Allemagne i : 1925
(Pourcentage du total du même
sexe) :
Au-dessous de 16 ans . . .
16-18 ans
18-20 ans
Au-dessous de 20 ans . .
Belgique«: 1930
14-16 ans
16-18 ans
18-21 ans
Canada 3: 1931
10-17 ans
Pourcentage du total . . .
Etats-Unis 3; 1930
10-17 ans
- 18-19 ans
France 2: 1931
15-19 ans
Grande-Bretagne*: 1931 •
14-15 ans
16-17 ans
18-20 ans
Irlande du Nord 3 : 1926
12-13 ans
14-15 ans
16-17 ans
18-19 ans
Italie 3: 1931
10-14 ans
15-19 ans
10-19 ans
J a p o n 3 : 1930
0-11 ans
12-13 ans
14 ans
15 ans
Hommes
Maies
5.2
6.3
6.3
17.8
4,920
7,541
10,162
22,623
1,026
7.4
Femmes
Females
6.6
9.9
10.8
27.3
7,256
12,601
19,154
39,011
2,410
17.0
12,176
20,142
29,316
61,634
3,436
12.2
45,603
49,084
94,687
67,899
66,799
134,698
113,502
115,883
229,385
9,655
41,452
51,107
18,668
98,520
117,188
28,323
139,972
168,295
18,502
29,636
44,615
92,753
43,463
71,276
108,284
223,023
61,965
100,912
152,899
315,776
4
1,559
2,763
2,797
7,123
12
4,131
6,785
6,908
17,836
16
5,690
9,548
9,705
24,959
3,898
21,952
25,850
31,906
169,958
201,864
35,804
191,910
227,714
767
7,578
10,647
14,419
712
66,848
77,034
87,856
1,479
74,426
87,681
102,275
209 014
35',Ï33
102,530
139^953
547,431
649,961
1,808
2,796
4,604
4,923
8,524
13,447
6,731
11,320
18,051
QO OQfi
18-19 ans
Suisse 3 : 1930
17-19 ans
Country and age groups
ilî'Mi
Germany: i 1925
(Percentages of total of s a m e
sex):
Under 16 years
16-18 years
18-20 years
Under 20 years
Belgium: 2 1930
14-16 years
16-18 years
18-21 years
Under 21 years
C a n a d a : s 1931
10-17 years
Percentage of total
United S t a t e s : 3 1930
10-17 years
18-19 years
Under 20 years
F r a n c e : 2 1931
Under 15 years
15-19 years
Under 20 years
Great B r i t a i n : * 1931
14-15 years
16-17 years
18-20 years
Under 21 years
Northern I r e l a n d : s 1926
12-13 years
14-15 years
16-17 years
18-19 years
Under 20 years
I t a l y : s 1931
10-14 years
15-19 years
10-19 years
J a p a n : » 1930
0-11 years
12-13 years
14 years
15 years
16—17 ""ears
18-19 years
Under 20 years
Switzerland: s 1930
Under 17 years
17-19 years
Under 20 years
Pour les sources, voir tableaux détaillés pour chaque pays. — For sources, see detailed tables for each
country.
Voir aussi les chiffres pour les jeunes gens au-dessous de 16 ans en Hongrie, et au-dessous de 21 ans
au Brésil et en Espagne, sans répartition p a r groupes d'âge, dans les tableaux (ou notes) concernant ces
pays. — See also figures for young persons under 16 years in Hungary, and under 21 years in Brazil and
Spain, w i t h o u t subdivision by age groups, in t h e tables (or notes) relating t o these countries.
12 Ouvriers. — Wage earners.
Ouvriers et employés, y compris les chômeurs. •— W a g e earners and salaried employees, including
unemployed. . 3 Population active. — Gainfully occupied.
* Ouvriers et employés. — Operatives.
Partie III. Chômage et emploi
Part III. Unemployment and employment
A. Statistiques du chômage — Statistics of unemployment
I = Statistique de l'assurance obligatoire. II = Statistique de l'assurance volontaire. III = Statistique
des caisses syndicales. IV = Statistique syndicale. V = Statistique des bureaux de placement.
I = Compulsory unemployment insurance statistics. II = Voluntary unemployment insurance statistics.
I l l = Trade union funds returns. IV = Trade union returns. V = Employment exchange statistics.
AlXKMAOSB
AUTRICHE
BELGIQUE
GEBJUNT
AUSTRIA
BELO run
V
V
II
DANEHABK
CANADA
Date
Fibres
et produits
textiles
Textile
Textile
Textile
Textiles
Textiles
Textiles
Chômeurs
enregistrée
Unemployed
registered
Demandeurs
d'emploi
enregistrés
Applicants
for work
registered
*
*
*
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936 (fin — end of) Sept.
137,742
183,387
227,818
157,485
76,911
63,239 2
37,110
5,668
5,958
8,929
13,928
15,704
18,456
19,550
15,665
15,173
16,651
Nombre d'assurés i —
Number of insured i .
*
«
3
DENMARK
m
IV
Fibres.
textile
and textile
products
Textile
et tapis
Textiles
a n d carpet
workers
Chômeurs
Unemployed
complets
partiels
wholly
partially
Chômeurs
Chômeurs
Unemployed
Unemployed
%
%
%
%
%
0.8
0.7
0.8
2.7
9.2
19.1
15.9
17.7
14.0
8.7
5.4
7.3
5.8
16.0
26.1
28.9
24.7
26.6
18.3
14.7
9.3
7.8
13.1
17.2
24.1
30.0
17.5
15.7
16.1
9.0
2.5
2.1
1.6
23.1
17.1
24.2
20.8
15.3
17.8
5.9
21.4
18.5
11.1
12.0
11.1
10.6
7.4
8.3
9.4
4.2
*
*
15,192-
131,651
GRANDE-BRETAGNE ET IRLANDE DU NORD
ITALIE
GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERS IRELAND
ITALY
I
n*
Sole
Coton
Laine
cardée
et peignée
Cotton t r a d e
Date
Tissage, etc.
Oper.
préparât.,
Cotton
filature, etc.
manufacturing
Cotton
(weaving,
preparing,
etc.)
spinning, etc.
Total
Woollen
and
worsted
Silk
Soie et
tissage de
soie artific.
Silk manuf.
and artificial
silk weaving
Fils de sole
artificielle
Artificial
silk y a r n
Chômeurs (y compris chômeurs partiels e t temporaires)
Unemployed (Including casuals a n d unemployed owing t o t e m p o r a r y stoppages)
%
0/
/o
23.6
22.2
20.4
14.8
Number of insured » .
212,260
%
%
, j2 ,
24.7
23.1
21.5
16.8
9.0
12.0
13.2
37.1
38.4
28.7
24.2
22.7
20.9
15.8
8.9
11.7
13.9
24.0
28.3
20.8
14.2
16.0
13.0
9.1
30.4
19.9
18.0
13.5
10.8
9.8
28.6
16.7
13.9
10.3
7.2
8.5
208,590
420,850
223,310
49,830
30,300
*
•
*
*
*
*
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936 (fin — end of) Sept.
Textile
Textile
workers
8.3
10.6
25.4
Pour les noies, roir fin du tableau page suivante. — For notes, see end oj table, page 160.
Textile
e t vêtement
Textiles
a n d clothing
Chômeurs
complets *
Wholly
unemployed*
42,294
39,833
40,763
67,782
99,635
145,726
119,7156
91,618
68,883?
•
*
— 160 —
Chômage et emploi (suite) — Unemployment and employment (cont.)
A. Statistiques du chômage (suite) — Statistics of unemployment (cont.)
Date
PAYS-BAS
POLOGNE
ROUMANIE
SUÈDE
SUISSE
NETHERLANDS
POLAND
RUMANIA
SWEDEN
SWITZERI^ND
TCHÉCOSLOVAQUIE
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
n
V
V
rv
I, IT
V
Textile
Textile
Textile
Textile
Textile
Textile
Textiles
Textiles
Textiles
Textiles
Chômeurs *
Demandes
d'emploi
enregistrées
employed '
Applications
for work
registered
Chômeurs
enregistres
Unemployed
registered
Chômeurs
unempioyeu
Textiles
Textiles
Chômeurs
Demandeurs
d'emploi
enregistrés
Unemployed
complets
partiels
wholly
partially
«rT'^"""
for work
registered
%
%
%
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936 (iln — end of) Sept.
2.8
2.5
3.2
11.5
22.7
33.8
33.1
35.1
38.7
37.1
17,885
12,082
17,556
25,787
27,926
21,662
15,889
17,535
20,392
12,664
HO
87
386
630
500
290
212
349
237 s
3.2
2.6
3.4
3.6
3.7
6.5
7.8
4.9
6.2
4.3
4.0
3.7
3.1
3.9
5.2
9.1
10.9
8.8
10.8
8.6
5.2
2.5
5.0
12.2
16.4
16.6
11.6
10.4
12.9
10.7
4,231
5,340
5,454
15,543
42,679
76,342
87,138
75,744
72,093
54,381
Number of insured i .
27,506
*
*
33,193
*
*
*
%
*
i Nombre de travailleurs servant de base au dernier pourcentage. — 2 Depuis mars 1935, y compris le
Territoire de la Sarre. — » Juin 1936. — * Depuis le 31 juillet 1933, statistique des bureaux de placement (V). — & par ordonnance du ministère des Corporations, les chômeurs ont été répartis, à partir
d'avril 1933, dans 14 branches d'activité économique correspondant à leur organisation syndicale, conformément aux statuts des diverses confédérations de travailleurs. — « Moyenne de 9 mois (avril à décembre). —
' Septembre 1935. — 8 Y compris un certain nombre de syndiqués non assurés auprès des caisses de
chômage. — » 1 " du mois suivant. Août 1936.
' Number of workers on which latest percentages are based. — 2 Since March 1935, including the
Saar Territory. — 3 June 1936. — * Since 31 July 1933, Employment exchange statistics (V). — 6 By
order of the Ministry of Corporations, from April 1933 onwards, the unemployed have been classified
in 14 branches of activity corresponding to their organisation in trade unions, in accordance with the rules
of the various Confederations of workers. — 6 Nine months' average (April-December). — » September
1935. — s including a certain number of trade union members not insured in the unemployment funds. —
« 1st of the following month. August 1936.
— 161 —
Chômage et emploi (suite) — Unemployment and employment (cont.)
B. Statistiques de l'emploi1 — Statistics of employment1
I = Statistique de l'assurance-chômage. II = Statistique des inspecteurs du travail. III = Statistique
d'établissements.
I = Unemployment insurance statistics. II = Labour inspectors' returns. I l l = Statistics of Establishments.
ÌT.I.KII1I1XH
DANEMARK
CANADA
GEBMANY
DKITHABK
m
ni
III
Textile
TextUe
Coton,
fils e t tissas
Textiles
Date
Emploi par rapport
au nombre possible :
Employment as
of possible number of:
de
travailleurs
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
. . . .
1936
( f i n - e n d of) Sept.
Chiffre de bases
Base figure 2 .
fils e t tissus
Cotton y a r n
and cloth
work
0/
/o
%
#
*
*
77.6
64.4
*
•
110.5
107.8
100.0
88.6
83.2
81.5
79.0
92.5
93.5
*
*
100.0
99.2
103.1
100.0
89.1
98.9
107.3
113.7
122.0
132.7
97.7 s
144.7 3
(1931)
125.1
143.0
172.3
184.5
222.5
242.7
97.6
98.7
100.0
94.4
9f.l
90.6
90.7
100.7
105.3
241.9 3
126.1 3
114.2 3
ETATS-UNIS
Coton
Cotton
Cotton
goods
Laine
^
,
110.4
139.0
146.8
137.9
^
CottoQ
s
1 smallwares
FINLANDB
Soie et soie
FEANCK
FrNLAND
STATES
Silk a n d
Woollen
nd worsted rayon goods
goods
in
n
Textile
Textile
F a b r . de
TextUe
TextUe
fabrics
Total
Nombres-indices
Textiles
I n d e x numbers
(1926)
Date
Nombres-indices de
l'emploi;
170.1
131
in
l
*
*
*
*
100.0
103.4
104.2
100.0
93.0
94.1
99.9
101.5
116.4
122.2
102,209
UNITED
Filature
du total des heures
effectuées par jour
Index numbers of
total numbers of
hours worked per
day
products
Nombres-indices d e l'emploi
65.6
56.5
50.4
55.2
C2.2
59.8
72.9
Textiles
I n d e x n u m b e r s of employment
(1926)
*
72.0
73.3
66.0
59.9
63.0
71.5
72.0
Produits
textiles
Fils e t tissus
cloth
d'heures de
workers
articles de
Boie
Woollen
industries
manufacturières
I n d e x n u m b e r s of e m p l o y m e n t ; manufacturing
de l'effectif
des heures
employed
worked
l'emploi
Index
numbers of
employment
(Effectif
employe
le m ê m e
mois de -
industries
(Moyenne — Average 1923-1925)
Nombres-
Number
employed
in s a m e
m o n t h of
1930)
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
. . . .
1936
(fin - end of) Sept.
Chiffredebase*
Base figure 2 .
110.1
99.4
100.0
84.0
77.5
69.8
89.4
94.9
91.4
99.9*
*
97.8
*
100.0
*
83.9
74.1
86.6
92.5
96.9
99.1 *
*
95.0
100.6
100.0
81.4
81.2
67.8
86.4
79.5
104.7
94.3*
*
97.8
97.3
100.0
91.6
83.7
71.3
84.6
85.2
83.3
78.5 *
*
102.1
97.0
100.0
86.7
80.9
72.5
87.1
90.4
94.0
96.6 *
«
99.2
96.7
100.0
88.6
83.2
74.3
86.4
90.1
93.9
98.7 *
1,684,800
*
*
100.0
92.3
91.1
91.9
98.4
117.6
129.1
125.9 5
*
*
*
100.0
85.6
80.8
83.9
88.5
111.1
119.6
114.43
*
*
*
*
100.0
93.0
79.2
79.5
77.3
70.9
64.5 5
438,127
Pour les noies, voir fin du tableau, page suivante. — For notes, see end of table, page 162.
ToL II. 1 1
— 162 —
Chômage et emploi (fin) — Unemployment and employment (conci.)
B. Statistiques de l'emploi1 (suite) — Statistics of employment1 (cont.)
GRANDE-BRETAGNE BT IRLANDE DU NORD
GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
ITALIE '
ITALY
Coton
Laine cardée et peignée j Soie e t soie artificielle
Cotton
Woollen a n d worsted i Silk a n d artificial Bilk
Soie
Silk
Estimation et nombres-indices des personnes assurées (16-64)
occupées en juin de chaque année (Juin 1923)
Coton
Laine
Cotton
Wool
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
Nombresindices
|
522,200
481,676
478,710
329,853
326,830
350,667
374,282
359,521
344,100
109.1
100.6
100.0
68.9
68.3
73.3
78.2
75.1
71.9
1936
(fin-end of) Sept. 351,1666
Chiffre de bases
Base figure 2 .
Chiffres
absolus
Absolute
numbers
Silk
spinning
Nombresindices
105.5
104.1
100.0
88.4
77.9
83.0
96.5
87.9
91.8
96-.7 6 73,1986
73.4ß 198,5996
*
*
*
*
98.9
100.0
87.0
73.0
66.3
67.2
64.6
67.96
95.3
100.0
95.6
87.2
86.7
95.1
96.2
100.96
101.0
100.0
100.7
82.6
41.9
43.9
35.6
53.68
*
*
*
156,625
81,179
45,145
108.16
*
JAPON
POLOGNE
8
JAPAN
POLAND
9
94.5
100.0
91.1
72.8
53.4
50.1
52.8
60.8'
21,823
StJÈDE
SWEDEN
Filature
Tissage
Dévidage
Textile
Coton
Laine
Spinning
Weaving
Silk reeling
Textiles
Cotton
Wool
Nombres-indices de l'emploi
I n d e x n u m b e r s of e m p l o y m e n t
Nombres-indices
de l'emploi
Index numbers
of employment
(1929)
*
111.4
99.9
100.0
84.7
75.8
76.8
78.4
84.3
90.0
112.3
103.6
100.0
86.7
80.8
82.3
89.2
94.1
98.5
94.2
94.1
100.0
94.2
74.8
70.7
65.3
63.6
63.7
107.1
100.0
80.9
74.2
67.3
71.3
78.3
82.1
1936
(fin -endof)Sept.
88.3
99.6
s 62.8
92.2
Chiffre de base^
Base figure 2 .
216,390
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
Nombres-indices de l'emploi
74.4
98.7
100.0
89.8
75.8
83.8
86.8
93.4
104.0
50,400
66,835
67,735
60,855
51,311
56,726
58,807
63,255
70,471
Artificial
silk
I n d e x numbers of employment
Absolute
I numbers |
216,600
213,891
205,396
181,605
160,065
170,434
,147
),598
3,578
*
Chiffres
absolus
NombresIndices
Soie
artificielle
Filature
E s t i m a t e d numbers a n d index n u m b e r s of insured persons (16-64)
in employment in J u n e of each y e a r ( J u n e 1923)
Chiffres
absolus
Absolut«
numbers
1
161,406
124,342
149,461
Nombres-indices d e l'emploi
Index n u m b e r s of employment
(1925-1930)
*
*
*
*
*
103.8
102.5
114.5
111.3
115.1 10
*
*
*
*
*
*
96.0
.
101.1
117.1
118.0
124.6 10
*
1 Les dates entre parenthèses dans les en-têtes correspondent à l'année de base originale des séries.
Celles qui sont en caractère gras ont été conservées comme base ( = 100) ; dans tous les
autres cas, les séries
ont été recalculées sur la base 1929 = 100. — 2 Dernier chiffre de base disponible. — 3 1 e r du mois suivant. —
* Les chiffres se rapportent au 15 du mois. — 6 Octobre. — 6 j u i n 1936. — ' Ministère des Corporations.
Série supprimée en mai 1935. — s Mai 1935. — » E n t r e p r i s e s occupant normalement 20 ouvriers et plus. —
10 3me trimestre.
1 The ligures in brackets in the headings denote t h e original base period of the series. "When they
are in heavy type this base has
been retained ( = 100): in all other cases t h e series h a v e been recalculated
on t h e base 1929 = 100. — 2 Last base figure available. — s First of the following month. — * The figures
relate to the 15th of the month. — » October. — 6 June 1936. — ? Ministry of Corporations. This series
was discontinued
May 1935. — 6 May 1935. — s Establishments normally employing 20 workers and
more. — 10 3rd quarter 1936.
Partie IV. Salaires moyens et heures de travail effectuées
Part IV. Average wages and actual hours of work
ALLEMAGNE
GERMANY
Enquête du « Statistisches Reichsamt » — Enquiry of the « Statistisches Reichsamt »
a) Septembre 1930 — (a) September 1930
Nombre
d'ouvrière
couverts
Professions et ßexe
Number
of
worters
covered
Gains — Earnings
bruts par heure 3
par
per hour, gross *
heure '
per week
y .
compris compris
per
excluding including bruts»
boor '
paiements
supplémentaires * gross *
Heures de travail
par semaine
Actual hours ot
work per week
effectuées
Total
supplements *
Colon (filature
Epf.
Rpf.
BM.
942
4,782
78.2
54.4
87.9
61.9
89.1
62.3
35.75
25.26
40.14
40.53
-weaving)
Spinners,
0.41
adult M. (o)
0.44
• F . (a)
Tisseurs, H. ad. (a)
»
F . ad. (a)
6,766
6,574
69.7
61.2
80.6
68.2
81.8
68.7
34.29
28.42
41.92
41.39
0.63
0.51
Aides, H . ad. (b) .
»
F . ad. (b) .
2,738
61.3
66.4
67.3 29.69 44.13
1.50
49.3
2,139
45.6
48.9
20.98 42.55
0.92
Laine peignée (filature) — Worsted
(spinning)
C7Q
OT o
oc
g 6 .9
44.18 45.58
0.92
87.2
673
96.2o
1,174
53.1
57.8 24.50 42.3
1.19
57.3
Fileurs, H. ad. (a)
»
F. ad.(a)
Aides, H. ad. (fa) .
F. ad.(b) .
646
403
Fileurs, H . ad. (a)
»
F. ad.(a)
387
721
— Cotton (spinning
and
Occupation and sex
Bpf.
Fileurs,
Hommes adultes (a)
Femmes adultes (a)
et tissage)
dont
payées eu
supplément
Overtime
Weavers, ad. M. (a)
» F , (a)
Helpers, ad.
(6)
(b)
Spinners, ad. M. (a)
F . (a)
63.2
43.9
Laine
73.4
49.7
70.7
46.6
(drap)
88.0
54.2
71.6
47.0
48.92
46.98
— Wool (cloth)
89.9
38.61 42.93
54.7
24.98 45.64
2.23
1.47
Helpers, ad. M. (fa)
• F . (fa)
0.60
0.19
F . (a)
35.03
22.10
•
F . ad. (o)
9,085
2,788
73.0
63.0
93.7
77.0
94.5
77.3
42.26
34.01
44.73
43.98
0.25
0.14
Weavers, ad. M. (a)
F . (a)
Aides, H . ad. (fa) .
F . ad.(fa) .
930
1.137
66.9
50.5
73.3
55.0
74.8
55.4
36.73
25.38
49.07
46.84
2.42
0.74
. F . (fa)
Lin
Fileurs, F . ad. (a)
»
F . ad. (a)
F. ad.(b) .
.
F . ad. (a)
(filature et tissage)
723
50.0
61.3
733
1,270
446
425
1,002
1.765
Aides. H. ad. (b) .
F . ad.(fa) .
124
170
Fileurs, H. ad. (a)
F . ad. (a)
2,002
7,400
Tisseurs,
ad.
ad.
Aides, H . ad. (fa)
F . ad.(fa)
66.8
54.2
74.6
59.3
60.1
67.3
44.1
49.4
Soie (tissage)
71.6
89.2
65.3
78.7
Flax, (spinning and
61.7
21.31 34.57
weaving)
0.00
Spinners, ad. F . (a)
74.8
59.4
36.64
36.89
0.15
0.07
Weavers, ad. M. (a)
»
» F . (a)
28.18 41.18
17.70 35.67
— Silh
(weaving)
91.6
42.06 45.89
79.7 34.03 42.67
0.52
0.21
Helpers, ad. M. (b)
. F . (b)
0.37
0.14
Weavers, ad. M. (a)
. F . (a)
48.56
47.03
2.16
1.75
•
• F . <b)
groups4
39.14 42.51
24.73 40.74
0.62
0.49
. F . (a)
27.41
21.92
68.4
49.6
75.7
72.7
58.8
58.0
Ensemble * — All
80.5
90.9
92.1
60.7
53.3
60.3
65.0
50.7
36.74
27.67
22,182
13,423
73.1
60.7
92.3
70.5
93.9
71.7
40.94
29.57
43.60
41.59
0.48
0.31
Weavers, ad. M. (a)
. F . (a)
5,321
5,467
62.8
46.8
68.9
50.9
70.0
51.3
31.80
22.06
45.41
43.04
1.64
0.79
Helpers, ad. M. (b)
• F . (b)
(a) Aux pièces. — Piece workers, (b) Au temps. — Time workers.
i Pour les travailleurs aux pièces, t a u x de base au temps pour le travail aux pièces. — F o r piece
workers, piece-work basis time rates.
2 Sans déduction des retenues pour impôts et cotisations d'assurance sociale des ouvriers. — Including
sums deducted for taxes and workers' social insurance contributions.
3 Paiements pour travail supplémentaire et en équipe, et allocations familiales. — P a y m e n t s for
overtime and shift work, and family allowances.
* Y compris d'autres b r a n d i e s de l'industrie textile ne figurant pas au tableau. — Including other
branches of the textile industry not given in t h e table.
— 164 —
Salaires moyens et heures de travail effectuées (suite)
Average wages and actual hours of work (com.)
ALLEMAGNE (suite)
GERMANY
(coni.)
b) S e p t e m b r e 1933 — (b) S e p t e m b e r 1933
Heures
Oains — Earnings
Nombre
d'ouvriers T a u x p a r
couverte heure '
Professions e t Beze
bruts p a r heure *
p a r semaine
per hour, gross *
per week
non
y
N u m b e r R a t e s per compris compris
of workers hour ' excluding including
covered
paiements
supplémentaires s
supplements*
le travail
Actual hours of
work per week
bruts *
nets *
effectuées
gross '
net '
Total
dont
payées
en supplément
Overtime
Occupation a n d sex
Coton (filature et tissage) — Cotton (spinning and weaving)
Kpf.
Rpf.
Rpf.
KM.
Fileurs,
RM.
Spinners,
1,296 62.8
71.3 32.15 28.32 45.09 0.81
69.7
Hommes ad. ( a ) .
adult M. (a)
5,403 45.7
50.7 22.98 20.35 45.29 0.96
Femmes ad. ( a ) .
* F . (a)
50.2
7,200 59.9
Tisseurs, H . ad. (a)
67.5 29.03 25.54 43.01 0.32
Weavers, ad. M. (a)
66.2.
oo
sa
/,
/,
*.
s
n
fi*
5
089
55
n
>
F . art. (ni
5 7 fi
TP (r.\
"h RO
57 1
Aides, H . ad ( 6 ) . .
2,930 51.6
55.1 26.49 23.48 48.11 2.28
54 0
2,257 37.8
»
F. ad.(6) .
40.0 18.76 16.68 46.92 1.57
. F . (b)
39.6
Total, H . e t F . a d . 24,168 52.6
56.7
57.6 25.87 22.83 44.95 0.90
Total, ad. M. and. F .
Laine peignée (filature) — Worsted
(spinning)
Fileurs, H . ad. (a).
638 70.3
77.9
78.6 34.22 29.60 43.51 0.20
•
F . ad. (a).
1,077 43.7
46.5
47.0 20.84 18.39 44.34 0.56
» F . (a)
850 54.0
59.1
60.2 28.38 24.82 47.16 1.54
Helpers, ad. M. (b)
391 38.1
40.7
41.2 19.47 17.22 47.24
F . ad.(fa) .
1.26
. F . (fa)
Total, H . e t F . ad.
2,956 51.5
56.7 25.71 22.50 45.35 0.86
56.0
Total, ad. M. and F .
Laine (drap) — Wool (cloth)
638 57.2
Fileurs. H . ad. (a).
65.6
66.2 26.62 23.22 40.22 0.41
704 43.2
»
F . ad. ( a ) .
46.2
46.6 20.19 17.75 43.33 0.98
• F . (a)
9,058 61.0
75.0
76.0 29.96 26.10 39.41 0.05
Weavers ad. M. (a)
1,533 53.9
F. ad.(a)
64.4
64.6 25.95 22.49 40.15 0.02
» F . (a)
871 54.9
57.4
58.7 26.58 23.36 45.32 1.34
Helpers, ad. 11. (b)
1,051 40.6
41.7
42.1 18.84 16.56 44.71 0.27
F . ad.(fa) .
• F . (h)
Total, H . et F . ad. 13,855 57.0
67.9
68.7 27.81 24.25 40.50 0.21
Total, ad. M. and. F .
Lin (filature et tissage) — Flax (spinning and weaving)
Fileurs, F . ad. ( a ) .
849 40.4
47.3
47.3 21.01 18.60 44.40 0.08
Spinners, ad. F. (a)
632 56.1
58.4
58.6 22.16 19.74 37.82 0.00
Weavers, ad. M. (o)
1,131 44.8
F. ad.(a)
47.6
47.7 18.98 16.92 39.82
» F . (a)
*
476 48.8
53.6
55.0 25.39 22.45 46.19
1.09
322 36.6
39.3
39.3 16.39 14.55 41.69 0.08
F . ad.(fa) .
• F . (6)
Total, H . e t F . ad.
3,410 45.4
49.4
49.7 20.72 18.41 41.66 0.18
Soie (tissage) — Silk
(weaving)
1,637
70.5 30.99 27.10 43.93 0.15
57.0
67.8
Weavers, ad. M. (a)
»
F . ad. (a) 1,721
51.9
60.5
61.8 26.48 23.11 42.84 0.10
• F . (a)
29.70
157
53.0
59.1
61.8
26.30
48.04
0.91
150 42.2
48.7
49.5 22.74 20.08 45.96 0.66
.
F. ad.(b) .
» F . (b)
3,665 53.8
63.2
65.2 28.48 24.90 43.68 0.18
Total. H . e t F . a d .
Ensemble 5 — All groups 5
71.9 31.29 27.37 43.49 0.56
Spinners, a d . M. (a)
Fileurs, H . ad. ( a ) . 2,572 63.4
70.8
»
F . ad. (a).
8,033 44.7
49.5 22.24 19.68 44.90 0.81
» F . (a)
49.0
72.1
73.4 30.16 26.38 41.07 0.18
Weavers, ad. M. (a)
Tisseurs, H . ad. ( a ) . 22,565 61.2
F . a d . ( a ) 10,640 51.9
56.7
57.2 24.52 21.50 42.89 0.33
•
» F . (a)
5,640 52.4
55.6
56.8 26.83 23.68 47.21 1.81
Helpers, ad. M. (b)
Aides, H . ad. (b) .
5,189
38.7
41.3 18.81 16.65 45.59 0.95
» F . (b)
F. ad.(b) .
41.0
Total, ad. M. a n d F .
Total, H . e t F . a d . 54,639 53.7
60.6
61.5 26.53 23.29 43.16 0.56
(a) aux pièces — piece workers, (b) au temps — time workers.
i Pour les travailleurs aux pièces, taux de base au temps pour le travail aux pièces. — For piece
workers, piece-work basis time rates.
2 Sans déduction des retenues pour impôts et cotisations d'assurance sociale des ouvriers. — Including
sums deducted for taxes and workers' social insurance contributions.
3 Paiements pour travail supplémentaire et en équipe, et allocations familiales. — Payments for
overtime and shift work, and family allowances.
* Après déduction des retenues pour impôts et cotisations d'assurance sociale des ouvriers. — Not
including sums deducted for taxes and workers' social insurance contributions.
s Y compris d'autres branches de l'industrie textile ne figurant pas au tableau. — Including other
branches of the textile industry not given in the table.
— 165 —
Average wages and actual hours of work (cont.)
ALLEMAGNE (suite)
GERMANY (cont.)
Statistique périodique du « Statistisches Reichsamt » — Periodical Statistics
of the « Statistisches Reichsamt »
Taux de salaires 1 par heure — Hourly rates 1 of wages
Filenrs — Spinners
Tisseurs —- Weavers
Aides non qualifiés
Unskilled helpers
Hommes
Femmes
Hommes
Femmes
Hommes
Femmes
Malea
Females
Maies
Females
Maies
Femaies
(a) 1929
Epf.
Epi.
*
74.3
77.9
70.9
09.7 =
72.2
62.4
59.9
61.9
53.4 3
63.3
61.9
62.6
62.7
57.8
67.2
46.7
44.5
48.4
42.8
51.1
57.5 5
*
*
62.1
46.5
Epf.
Epf.
Coton
Laine peignée .
Laine (drap) . .
Lin
Soie
79.9
78.8
77.9
53.8
51.3
51.2
*
*
5o.'i
Ensemble *
74.6
5
3
Epf.
Epf.
Cotton
Worsted
Wool (cloth)
Flax
Silk
All groups
(b) 1 9 3 3 '•
Coton
Laine peignée .
Laine (drap) . .
Lin
Soie
Ensemble *
67.8
70.1
60.8
*
*
63.9 s
*
63.0
64.2
61.2
59.6 3
58.3
55.9
49.9
52.7
45.8 3
51.3
52.4
54.7
54.1
49.6
54.4
39.5
39.4
41.3
36.8
41.9
50.2 5
*
*
53.4
39.8
45.6
45.2
46.4
45.1
Cotton
Worsted
Wool (cloth)
Flax
Silk
All groups
(c) 1935 2
Coton
Laine peignée .
Laine (drap) . .
Lin
Soie
Ensemble *
67.5
69.8
60.8
*
*
63.6 5
*
62.8
64.2
61.4
59.6 3
58.2
55.7
49.9
52.7
45.8 3
51.3
52.2
54.4
54.2
49.6
54.4
39.4
39.2
41.3
36.3
41.9
50.0 5
*
*
53.1
39.5
45.4
44.9
46.4
45.1
Cotton
Worsted
Wool (cloth)
Flax
Silk
All groups
(d) 1936 2
Coton
Laine peignée .
Laine (drap) . .
Lin
Soie
Ensemble *
67.5
69.8
60.8
*
*
63.6 5
45.4
44.9
46.4
45.1
*
62.8
64.2
61.4
59.6 3
58.2
55.7
49.9
52.7
45.8 3
51.3
52.2
54.4
54.2
49.6
54.4
39.4
39.2
41.3
36.8
41.9 -
50.0 5
*
*
53.1
39.5
Cotton
Worsted
Wool (cloth)
Flax
Silk
All groups «
i Pour les flleurs et tisseurs, taux de base au temps pour le travail aux pièces; pour les aides, taux au
temps.
— For spinners and weavers, piece-work basis time rates; for unskilled helpers, time rates.
2
Taux en vigueur à partir du 1 " avril. — Rates in force from 1st April.
3
Peigneurs et tisseurs. — Combers and weavers.
* Y compris les branches suivantes de l'industrie textile: velours, rubans, dentelles et bonneterie. —
Including the following branches of textiles: velvet, ribbons, lace and hosiery.
5 Ouvriers qualifiés en général. — Skilled workers in general.
— 166 —
ALLEMAGNE
(fin)
GERMANY
(conci.)
Gains — Earnings
H o m m e s qualifiés
et semi-qualifiés
Skilled and
semi-skilled males
Hommes
non qualifiés
Femmes
qualifiées
Femmes
non qualifiées
Unskilled males
Skilled females
Unskilled females
Gains — Earnings
par heure
par heure
per hour
per hour
par heure
per h o u r
par heure
per week
per hour
per week
a) Juillet 1935 — (a) July 1935
Rpf.
SM.
Rpf.
RM.
Rpf.
RM.
Rpf.
RM.
. . .
peignée
(drap)
. . . .
. . . .
64.1
66.5
72.3
57.5
71.0
26.25
27.28
28.54
24.64
28.10
53.1
56.6
56.2
47.2
60.5
23.57
25.07
25.01
22.53
24.70
49.1
45.8
53.4
44.2
57.3
20.38
18.34
21.44
19.12
22.24
36.9
37.7
40.4
35.7
42.2
15.59
15.10
17.25
15.54
16.39
Cotton
Worsted
Wool (cloth)
Flax
Silk
Ensemble i
68.7
27.46
53.8
23.84
48.8
19.89
37.4
15.67
All groups
Coton
I/aine
Laine
Lin
Soie
b) J u i n 1936 — (6) J u n e 1936
Coton
Laine
Laine
Lin
Soie
. . .
peignée
(drap)
. . . .
. . . .
Ensemble <•
64.5
67.5
73.1
59.6
72.7
27.63
26.42
30.74
23.83
32.47
52.4
57.3
57.1
47.7
57.8
21.74
24.91
25.85
20.93
26.99
49.6
46.0
53.8
44.3
58.2
20.33
17.62
22.43
17.70
24.46
35.9
37.1
41.8
36.2
38.9
14.42
16.08
18.21
14.79
14.97
Cotton
Worsted
Wool (cloth)
Flax
Silk
69.4
29.36
53.4
22.72
49.4
20.33
37.5
15.41
All groups
i Y compris les branches suivantes de l'industrie textile: velours, rubans, dentelles et bonneterie. —•
Including the following branches of textiles: velvet, ribbons, lace and hosiery.
SOURCES: Statistisches Reichsamt: Statistisches Jahrbuch für das Deutsche Reich; Wirtschaft und Statistik.
Statistique périodique de Z'« Institut für Konjunkturforschung », 1929-1936
Periodical Statistics of the « Institut für Konjunkturforschung », 1929-1936
Heures de travail effectuées par jour
Actual hours of work per day
1929
1933
1935
1936
Sept.
7.61
7.16
6.71
7.12
SOURCES: Institut für Konjunkturforschung: Koniunkturslatislisches Handbuch; Wochenbericht.
— 167
AUSTRALIA
AUSTRALIE
Statistique périodique du « Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics »
Periodical Statistics of the Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics
Heures de travail
par semaine normale
N'ormai hours
of work per wees
T a u x d e salaires m i n i m a — Minimum rates of wages
Sydney
Melbourne
Hobart
Professions e t sexe
par
heure '
per h o u r '
Laine
par
semaine
per week
par
heure'
per h o u r '
par
semaine
per week
par
heure '
per hour '
par
semaine
per week
Melbourne
Hobart
filature, tissage et finissage) -cardée (opérai ions préparatoires,
spinning,
weaving and
finishing)
a) 31 décembre 1929 — (a) 31 December 1929
s.
d.
Cardeurs, H.
adultes . . . . 1 11.3
Peigneurs, F . ad. 1 1.5
Fileurs, H. ad. . 1
E t i r e u r s et réparateurs, F . ad. . 1
1
Ourdisseurs, F .
adultes . . . . 1
1
Echantillonneurs, H . ad.. . 1
Tisseurs, F . ad. . 1
Lisseurs, H . ad. . 1
Teinturiers, H .
adultes . . . . 1
Ouvriers non
qualifiés :
H. adultes . . 1
F . adultes . . 1
d.
s.
85
49
6
6
86
6
1 9.6
0 11.61 0
1 9.6
B.
d.
s.
d.
86
46
48
86
6
60
6
8.
A.
Wool (preparing,
s.
d.
84
45
46
84
0
39
0
48
48
44
44
48
44
2 . 6 - 53
4
58
6- 0 1 1 . 3 - 45
6 1 1.5 54
0 - 0 10.9- 43
0 1 1.2 52
99
48
44
Carders, adultM.
Comb-minders,
adult F .
Spinners, ad. M.
Drawers and
menders, ad. F .
2 . 6 - 53
4
58
6- 0 11.3
6
45
0
0 11.6
46
3
48
44
Warpers, ad. F .
11.6
1 9
0 11.30 11.7
1 9
Occupation a n d sex
Sydney
11.3
4
11.5
85
58
86
6
6
0
1
1
1
9.7
0.3
9.6
86
49
86
9
0
6
1 9.8
0 11.9
1 9
87
47
84
0
9
0
48
48
48
44
44
44
11.7
•81
0
1
9.6
86
6
1
84
0
48
44
11.3
1.5
85
49
6
6
1 9.6
0 11.3
86
45
6
0
1 9
0 10.9
84
43
0
9
48
48
44
44
9
P a t t e r n weavers,
adult M.
Weavers, ad. F .
Scourers, ad. M.
Dyehousemen,
adult M.
Labourers,
general :
adult M.
> F.
b) 31 décembre 1935 — (6) 31 IDecembe r 1935
Cardeurs, H.
adultes . . . . 1 7
Peigneurs, F . ad. 0 11.2
Fileurs, H . ad. . 1 7.2
E t i r e u r s et réparateurs, F . ad. . 1 0 1 1.6
Ourdisseurs, F .
adultes . . . . 1 0 . 3 1 1.6
Echantillonneurs, H . ad. . 1 7
Tisseurs, F . ad. . 1 1.6
Lisseurs, H. a d . . 1 7.1
Teinturiers, H .
1 7.4
Ouvriers non
qualifiés:
H. ad
1 7
F . ad
0 11.2
69
41
6
0
1 5
0 9.30 9.6
1 5
68
37
38
68
1
15
1
68 U
35 1 0 37 o
68 11
44
44
6
5.2
99.3
5.2
48
48
70
1
0
0
1
Carders, adult M.
Comb-minders,
adult F .
Spinners, ad. M.
48
44
44
50
0- 0 8.9- 35 8 - 0
0 0 11
43 10
9.5
38
1
48
44
Drawers and
menders, ad. F .
45
50
0- 0
0
9.4
37
8
0
9.2
36
9
48
44
Warpers, ad. F .
69
50
70
6
0
0
1
0
1
5.7
9.8
5
70 10
39 4
68 1
1
0
1
5.3
9.5
4.6
69
38
66
3
1
3
48
48
48
44
44
44
71
0
1
5
68
1
1
4.6
66
3
48
44
69
41
6
0
1
0
5
8.9
68
35
1
8
1
0
4.6
8.6
66
34
3
6
48
48
44
44
Pattern
weavers, a d . M .
Weavers, ad. F .
Scourers, ad. M.
Dyehouse
men, ad. 51.
Labourers, .
general :
adult M.
> F.
» Chiffres calculés par le Bureau international du Travail, en divisant les taux hebdomadaires par la
durée normale du travail par semaine. — Figures calculated by the International Labour Office by dividing
weekly rates by normal hours of work per week.
SOURCE : Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics: Labour Report,
— 168 —
Average wages and actual hours of work (coni.)
AUTRICHE (Vienne et Basse-Autriche)
AUSTRIA (Vienna and Lower-Austria)
Enquête de la « Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte in Wien »
Enquiry of the « Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte in Wien »
a) N o v e m b r e 1 9 3 3 — (a) N o v e m b e r 1 9 3 3
Nombre
d'ouvriers
couverts
Number
of workers
covered
Professions, qualifications et sexe
Hommes :
Ouvriers qualifiés . . . .
d o n t : tisseurs
. . . .
Ouvriers qualifiés d'autres
professions
Ouvriers semi-qualifiés. .
Ouvriers non qualifiés . .
Ensemble
Femmes :
Ouvrières qualifiées . .
d o n t : banebrocheuses
retordeuses . .
tisseuses . . .
bobineuses . .
Ouvrières semi-qualifiées
Ouvrières non qualifiées
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Ensemble
Ensemble, H o m m e s
Femmes
et
Ensemble
Femmes :
Ouvrières qualifiées . .
d o n t : tisseuses
. . .
flleuses
boudineuses. .
Ouvrières aux machines
Ouvrières semi-qualifiées
Ouvrières non qualifiées
Ensemble
Ensemble, H o m m e s
Femmes
Colon
Colfon
331
lie
0.81
0.69
39.67
33.37
48.79
48.30
98
63
148
1.08
0.89
0.84
55.63
48.07
42.86
51.45
53.73
51.12
640
0.87
43.68
50.30
Sch.
.
.
.
.
.
.
et
Occupation, qualification and sex
Maies :
All skilled workers
Weavers
Other occupations
Semi-skilled workers
Unskilled workers
All males
Females :
All skilled workers
Slubbers
Twisters
Weavers
Spoolers
Unskilled workers
943
86
86
273
190
143
246
0.68
0.66
0.61
0.72
0.72
0.64
0.60
32.86
34.80
28.84
34.29
34.14
31.46
28.14
48.22
52.76
46.96
47.66
47.70
48.84
47.11
1,332
0.66
31.84
48.08
0.73
35.68
48.80
All females
All workers,
M. and F .
Laine
— Wool
285
104
0.91
0.97
42.26
45.38
46.48
46.58
Maies :
All skilled workers
Weavers
110
297
0.95
0.75
50.95
38.72
53.53
51.56
Other occupations
Helpers
692
0.85
42.12
49.79
1,972
Hommes :
Ouvriers qualifiés . . . .
d o n t : tisseurs
. . . .
Ouvriers qualifiés d'autres
professions
Aides
Heures de
travail effectuées par
semaine
par heure ' | par semaine Actual hours
per hour '
per week
per week
Qains moyens
Average earnings
0.72
0.80
0.72'
0.66
0.59
0.64
0.58
34.82
39.22
33.86
31.44
28.27
30.26
27.63
48.10
48.76
47.33
47.94
47.67
47.57
47.89
1,169
0.67
32.25
47.94
1,861
0.74
35.92
48.63
680
205
78
117
168
153
168
All males
Females :
All skilled workers
Weavers
Spinners
Rovers
Workers serving machines
Unskilled workers
All females
All workers,
M. and F .
1
Chiffres calculés par le Bureau international du Travail en divisant les gains par semaine par le
nombre d'heures effectuées par semaine. — Figures calculated by the International Labour Office by
dividing weekly earnings by actual hours of work per week.
— 169 —
(suite)
(cont.)
b) Mai 1935 — (b) May 1935
Professions, qualifications et sexe
Nombre
d'ouvriers
couverts
Number
of workers
covered
Heures de
travail effectuées par
semaine
Actual hours
par semaine ' of work per
week
per week '
Qalns moyens
Average earnings
par heure
per hour
Occupation, qualification and sex
Coton — Cotton
Sen.
Sch.
Ouvriers qualifiés, H . (a) . .
H . (b) . .
Ouvriers semi-qualifiés, H.(a)
H.(b)
F . (a)
F.(b)
Ouvriers non qualifiés, H . (a)
H . (b)
F . (a)
F . (b)
207
159
148
61
386
1,145
258
151
310
201
1.01
0.75
0.91
0.83
0.63
0.68
0.72
1.15
0.55
0.65
52.35
36.09
44.09
39.74
30.19
32.30
36.33
54.19
26.71
30.89
51.83
48.12
48.45
47.88
47.92
47.50
50.46
47.12
48.57
47.53
Ensemble, H . et F . (a) .
• » . (b) .
1,309
1,717
0.72
0.73
35.49
34.70
49.29
47.54
All workers, M. and F . (a)
284
261
230
267
488
1,401
491
21
388
172
Laine — Wool
0.88
42,67
0.89
42.19
0.73
34.73
0.75
35.09
0.55
24.72
0.67
28.72
0.68
32.16
0.60
25.54
0.53
24.59
0.52
24.58
48.49
47.41
47.58
46.79
44.95
42.86
47.29
42.57
46.40
47.27
Skilled workers, M. (a)
M. (b)
Semi-skilled workers, M. (a)
M. (b)
F . (a)
•
F . (b)
Unskilled workers, M. (a)
M. (b)
F . (a)
F . (b)
1,881
2,122
0.65
0.69
30.33
30.53
46.66
44.24
84
156
71
78
303
92
18
239
Soie — Silk
0.96
48.31
0.91
43.25
0.98
47.18
0.58
25.47
0.69
33.47
0.84
41.22
1.05
47.97
0.61
25.69
50.32
47.53
48.14
43.91
48.51
49.07
45.69
42.12
M. (b)
Semi-skilled workers, M.'(a)
F . (a)
F . (b)
Unskilled workers, 31. (a)
M. (b)
F . (a)
564
478
0.74
0.78
45.48
48.15
H. (b) . .
H.(b)
F . (a)
F.(b)
H. (b)
»
»
•
F . (a)
F . (b)
• . » (b) .
»
»
H . (b) . .
»
»
F.(a)
•
»
F.(b)
H.(b)
»
»
»
F . (a)
Ensemble, H. et F . (a) .
•
D
»
•
(b)
H. (b) . .
H.(b)
F . (a)
F.(b)
H.(b)
»
»
»
F . (a)
»
»
»
F . (b)
33.66
37.56
Chanvre, et jute — Hemp and jute
0.92
47.56
96
43.76
0.95
43.87
63
41.68
0.79
46.89
37.04
30
0.79
45.23
35.73
148
0.56
47.60
26.66
15
0.63
44.44
28.00
499
0.68
46.44
31.58
152
0.80
46.11
36.89
102
0.52
44.31
23.04
59
0.55
45.16
24.84
62
» » • (b) .
(a) Au temps. — Time workers,
352
874
0.72
0.70
33.47
31.35
46.48
44.78
M. (b)
M. (b)
F . (a)
F . (6)
Unskilled workers, 51. (a)
31 (b)
F . (a)
F . (b)
«
t
>
i
•
s
»
i
p
»
i
»
»
» (b)
t (b)
( b )
Skilled workers, 31. (a)
M. (b)
M. (b)
F . (a)
F . (b)
51. (b)
»
•
F . (a)
F. (b)
All workers, 31. and F . (o)
»
»
» > » (b)
(b) Aux pièces. — Piece workers.
i Chiffres calculés par le Bureau international du Travail en multipliant les gains par heure par le nombre
d'heures effectuées par semaine. — Figures calculated by the International Labour Ofilce by multiplying
hourly earnings by actual hours of work per week.
— 170 —
(suite)
(cont.)
Enquête de la « Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte in Wien », mai 1935
Enquiry of the « Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte in Wien », May 1935
Qualifications et sexe
Diaperaion dea salaires — Distribution of wages
Pourcentage des ouvriers
dont le gain horaire est de Sch.:
Percentage of workers with hourly earnings (Sch.) of:
1.21
squ'i :
0.410.610.811.01- et plus
p to :
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
and
0.40
over
Gains
moyens
par
heure
Average
hourly
earn-
Qualification and sex
Coton — Cotton
Sch.
Ouvriers qualifiés, H . (a)
H . (b)
Ouvriers semi-quai., H. (o)
H. (b)
F . (a)
F . (b)
Ouvriers non quai., H. (a)
»
H. (6)
.
F . (a)
,
F. (b)
Ensemble, H. et F . (a)
» . . (b)
0
1.9
0
1.6
2.3
2.9
4.6
0.7
9.0
3.5
3.7
2.6
Ouvriers qualifiés, H . (a)
H. (b)
Ouvriers semi-quai., H. (al
H. (b)
F . (a)
F . (b)
Ouvriers non quai. , H. (a)
H. (b)
F . (a)
F . (b).
Ensemble, H . et F . (a)
» . » (b)
0.7
2.3
7.4
15.4
9.2
2.8
6.7
4.8
16.8
4.1
8.6
4.4
Ouvriers qualifiés, H. (a)
H . (6)
Ouvriers semi-quai., H. (a)
F . (a)
F . (b)
Ouvriers non quai., H. (a)
H. (b)
• F . (a)
>
» » • (b)
0
1.3
0
3.8
1.3
6.5
0
4.6
3.5
1.3
Ouvriers qualifiés, H. (a)
H. (b)
Ouvriers semi-quai., H. (a)
H. (b)
F . (a)
F . (b)
Ouvriers non quai., H . (a)
» H . (b)
.
F . (a)
» F . (b)
»
, . » (b)
0
0
0
0
0
0
11.8
0
15.3
0
7.7
0
(a) Au t e m p s . — Time workers.
15.1 28.9 41.5 13.5 1.01
8.2
44.7
6.9
1.9 0.75
8.1 0.91
23.6 43.9 14.9
34.4 21.3
0
23.0 0.83
0
2.3
0
0.63
59.6
0.1 0.68
53.5 19.8
0.3
0.8 0.72
46.5 19.8
5.0
14.6 13.9 23.8 47.0 1.15
1.3
0
25.8
0
0.55
0.5 0.65
58.7 10.4
0.5
37.9 14.4
9.2
3.2 0.72
5.2 0.73
49.2 17.2
3.0
Laine — Wool
3.5 35.9 34.9 22.5
2.5 0.88
6.5 26.1 39.1 19.5
8.5 0.89
13.5 46.9 28.7
2.2
1.3 0.73
23.2 .16.1 22.1 18.7
4.5 0.75
77.7 10.0
2.7
0.4
0
0.55
26.4 55.3 12.9
2.4
0.2 0 67
12.6 73.1
7.2
0.2
0.2 0.68
33.3 61.9
0
0
0
0.60
0
77.8
4.6
0,8
0
0.53
84.9 11.0
0
0
0
0.52.
41.7 33.8 11.5
0.6 0.65
28.4 43.3 16.1
1.4 0.69
Soie — «¡ft
7.2 22.6 22.6 46.4
1.2 0.96
16.7 44.9
25
2.5 32.1 0.91
0
1.4 98.6
0
0
0.98
44.9 48.7
2.6
0
0
0.58
16.2 70.6 H . 2
0.7
0.69
0
19.6
6.5 66.3
1.1
0
0.84
11.1
0
0
77.8 11.1 1.05
5.9 89.5
0
0
0
0.61
12.9 49.3 27.0
7.1
0.2 0.74
7.9
4.2 11.1 0.78
16.1 59.4
Chanvre et jute — Hemp and jute
1.0 0.92
3.1 22.9 51.1 21.9
9.5 28.6
19.0 27.0 15.9 0.95
0
0
0.79
10.0 56.7 33.3
0
4.8
0.79
0
68.2 27.0
0
0
0
0.56
60.0 40.0
0.2
0
35.9 62.9
1.0
0.63
0
0.68
25.7 45.4 12.5
4.6
0
0.80
0
54.9 44.1
1.0
64.4 16.9
3.4
0
0.52
0
69.4 25.8
4.8
0
0.55
0
26.1 35.2 22.7
0.3 0.72
8.0
26.1 57.8 12.0
3.0
1.1 0.70
1.0
36.4
9.5
19.7
35.8
23.4
23.3
0
63.9
26.4
31.6
22.8
îi
M. (b)
Semi-skill, workers M. (a)
M. (b)
F . (a)
F . (b)
M. (b)
F . (a)
»
F . (b)
.
. » (b)
M. (b)
Semi-skill, workers, M. (a)
M. (6)
F . (a)
F . (b)
M. 'b)
F . (o)
F . (b)
» .
. (b)
»
»
M. (b)
F . (a)
F . (b)
M. (b)
F . (a)
AU workers, M. and F . (a)
,
,
. (b)
»
»
M. (6)
M. (b)
F . (a)
F (b)
M. (b)
F . (a)
F . (b)
AU workers, M. and F . (a)
.
•
,
.
(b)
— 171 —
AUTRICHE (Vienne)
AUSTRIA (Vienna)
Statistique périodique du « Bundesamt für Statistik »
Periodical Statistics of the « Bundesamt für Statistik »
Branches, profession et sexe
Filature (en général) 2 :
Fileurs, H
»
H. (aux pièces)
Peigneurs, F
Bobineurs-dévideurs, F .
Aides, H
.
F
Tissage (en général) 2 :
Tisseurs, H
•
H. (auxpièces).
F
Bobineurs, F
Encolleurs, Iï
Taux de salaires minima
à fin décembre 1920
Minimum rates of wages
at end of December 1929
par heure '
par semaine
Í per nonr '
per week
à fin décembre 1933
at end of December 1933
par heurt '
par semaine
per hour '
per week
0.66
0.93 s
31.68
44.50 3
0.66
0.93 3
31.68
44.50 :
0.46
0.45
0.56
0.45
22.08
21.60
26.88
21.60
0.46
0.45
0.56
0.45
22.08
21.60
26.88
21.60
0.54
0.72 3
25.82
34.50 3
0.54
0.72. 3
25.82
34.50'•
0.50
0.46
0.61
23.76
22.08
29.28
0.50
0.46
0.61
23.76
22.08
29.28
Branch, occupation and sex
Spinning, general: 2
Spinners, M.
•
M. (pieceworkers)
Combers, F.
Spoolers and winders, F .
Helpers, M.
F.
Weaving, general: 2
Weavers, M.
»
M. (piece workers)
F.
Spoolers, F .
Slashers, M.
Teinture :
Teinturiers indépendants
et apprêteurs, H
Teinturiers qualifiés et apprêteurs, H
Aides qualifiés, H. . . .
F. . . .
Aides, H
1.29
61.91
1.23
59.04
1.18
1.03
0.77
0.95
56.64
49.20
36.96
45.60
1.13
1.00
0.74
0.91
54.24
48.00
35.52
43.68
Dyeing:
Indépendant dyers and
finishers, ¡VI.
Skilled dyers and finishers, M.
Semi-skilled workers, M.
F.
Helpers, M.
Impression :
Imprimeurs à la main, H.
Aides qualifiés, H. * .
•
»
F. * .
H. s .
.
.
F. » .
1.30
0.98
0.73
0.91
0.67
62.40
47.04
35.04
43.68
32.16
1.30
0.98
0.73
0.91
0.67
62.40
47.04
35.04
43.68
32.16
Printing:
Hand printers, M.
Semi-skilled workers,
»
»
•
•
•
•
Finissage :
Ouvriers qualifiés, H .
F.
Aides, H
.
F
0.84
0.63
0.78
060
40.32
30.24
37.44
28.80
0.84
0.63
0.78
0.60
40.32
30.24
37.44
28.80
Finishing:
Skilled workers. M.
•
•
F.
Helpers, M.
.
F.
M. *
F. *
M. »
F. 5
1 Chiffres calculés par le Bureau international du Travail, en divisant les t a u x hebdomadaires par la
durée normale du travail par semaine, soit 48 heures. — Figures calculated by t h e International Labour
Office by dividing weekly rates by normal hours of work per week (48).
2 Principalement coton, mais y compris d'autres fibres. — Principally cotton, but including other fibres.
s Salaires moyens. — Average wages.
* Après plus de 6 mois de service. — After six m o n t h s ' service.
» De plus de 17 ans. — Over 17 years.
172
AUTRICHE (Vienne) (suite)
AUSTRIA (Vienna) (cont.)
Statistique périodique du « Bundesamt für Statistik », à fin décembre 1935
Periodical Statistics of the « Bundesamt für Statistik », at end of December 1935
Branches, professions et sexe
par beare '
par Bem&ine
per week
per hour '
Laine peignée:
Filature :
Fileurs, H
Seh.
Seh.
0.83
39.84
Worsted :
Spinning:
Spinners, AI.
Combers' helpers, M.
Sorters, F .
Helpers, M.
Weaving:
Weavers, F .
Spoolers, F .
Slashers, F .
Helpers, M.
Cotton:
Spinning:
Slubbers, M.
F.
Combers, F .
Spoolers, F . •
Helpers, M.
•
F.
43.06
Afflneurs, F . . . . .
Aides, H
Tissage :
Tisseurs, F
Bobineurs, F
Encolleurs, F
Aides, H
Coton:
Filature :
Bancbrocheurs, H . . .
F. . .
Bobineurs, F
Aides, H
*
F
Tissage :
Tisseurs sur 2 bancs, H .
Tisseurs, F
Bobineurs, F
Encolleurs, H .
. . .
Jute:
Fileurs, F
Tisseurs et couseurs, F .
Impression à la m a i n :
I m p r i m e u r s à la main,
H
Aides qualifiés, H . . .
F. . .
0.53
0.74
25.44
35.52
0.65
0.55
0.74
0.73
31.25
26.45
35.52
34.99
0.58
0.47
0.46
0.45
0.56
0.45
27.84
22.56
22.08
21.60
26.88
21.60
0.56
0.52
0.46
0.61
26.88
24.96
22.08
29.28
0.50
0.50
24.00
24.00
1.30
0.98
0.73
62.40
47.04
35.04
Branch, occupation and sex
Weaving :
Weavers (2 sides), M.
Weavers, F .
Spoolers, F .
Slashers, SI.
Jute:
Spinners, F .
Weavers and Sewers, F .
Printing (hand):
H a n d printers, M.
Skilled helpers, M.
t
F.
i Chiffres calculés par le Bureau international du Travail, en divisant les taux hebdomadaires par la
durée normale du travail par semaine, soit 48 heures. — Figures calculated by the International Labour
Office by dividing weekly rates by normal hours of work per week (48).
SOUBCES: Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte in Wien: Wirtschaftsstatislisches Jahrbuch; Bundesamt für
Statistik: Statistische Nachrichten.
AUTRICHE (fin)
AUSTRIA (conci.)
Statistique périodique de la « Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte in Wien », 1929-1936
Periodical statistics of the « Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte in Wien », 1929-1936
Pourcentage des ouvriers ayant travaillé par semaine
Dates
. . . .
1929: Janvier
»
. . . .
1933:
1935: 1 " semestre . .
1936:
Pate
Percentage of workers working weekly
47.9 h.
9.0
35.3
12.1
7.6
1
48 h.
84.3
63.2
81.3
85.7
1
4S.1 h.
6.7
1.5
6.6
6.7
1929
1933
1935
1936
January
s
1st half-year
2nd
»
SOURCE: Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte in Wien: Wirtschaltsstatistisches Jahrbuch.
— 173 —
BELGIQUE (Bruxelles)
BELGIUM (Brussels)
Information périodique de la Bourse officielle du Travail de Bruxelles
Periodical Information of the Official Employment Exchange in Brussels
Bobineuses au
moteur
(soie et laine)
Mechan, spoolers,
F.
(silk and wool)
1929: Juin
. . .
1933: S e p t e m b r e .
1935:
.
.
1936:
»
.
.
.
.
.
Ourdisse ors
Warpers
Tisserands
(coton, rubans,
lacets)
Weavers
(cotton, ribbons
and laces)
T a u x de salaires p a r semaine
Hourly rates of wages
Weekly r a t e s of wages
Fr.
Fr.
Fr.
3.25-3.50
3.00-3.50
2.75-3.00
3.00-3.25
5.25-5.50
5.25-5.50
5.25-5.50
5.75-6.00
*
220-230
Fr.
220-230
220-230
*
275-285
275-285
275-285
1929
1933
1935
1936
Limite des salaires prédominants entre
quelques établissements sélectionnés
Professions et sexe
p a r heure
p a r semaine '
per h o u r
per week '
Colon (opérations préparatoires,
Cotton (preparing, spinning,
t
S
S
0.370
15.65
0.313
0.360
14.30
0.260
0.370
12.10
0.220
0.360
9.90
0.200
0.370
12.00
0.240
0.370
10.01
0.182
0.370
12.60
0.252
0.500
14.63
0.266
0.370
11.00
0.200
0.480
18.26
0.332
0.410
10.78
0.196
0.534
22.00
0.400
0.436
16.23
0.295
0.436
16.23
0.295
0.400
13.97
0.254
0.350
13.48
0.245
0.315
12.50
0.250
Laine cardée (opérations
Wool (preparing,
0.250
Trie rs, H
0.542
Cardeurs, H
0.240
0.400
Fileurs (renvideurs), H .
0.218
0.533
Dévideurs, F
0.200
0.322
Bobineurs, F
0.190
0.360
Ourdisseurs, H . . . .
0.200
0.533
Monteurs, F
0.200
0.350
Régleurs, H
0.250
0.540
Tisseurs, H
0.225
0.400
F
0.192
0.400
Epinceteurs, F . . . .
0.185
0.400
Teinturiers, H . . . .
0.300
0.400
Appreteurs, H . . . .
0.250
0.400
Voir noies page suivante.
June
September
»
»
salaires.
Statistique périodique du Département du Travail
Periodical Statistics of the Department of Labour
a) 1929
Limits of predominant rates in various
selected establishments
Démêleurs, H.
Cardeurs, H. .
Fileurs (ring), F
Rattacheurs, F .
Retordeurs, F . .
Bobineurs, F . .
Ourdisseurs, F .
Enrouleurs, H .
Dévideurs, F .
Colleurs, H. .
Monteurs, F .
Régleurs, H .
Tisseurs, H .
F. .
Teinturiers, H.
Appreteurs, H .
Plieurs, F . . .
Weavers
(wool)
T a u x de salaires p a r heure
SoDBCE: Bourse ofllcielle du Travail de Bruxelles: Cote moyenne des
CANADA
Tisserands
(laine)
CANADA
Heures de travail
effectuées
p a r semaine
Occupation and sex
A c t u a l hours
of work per week
filature, tissage et finissage)
weaving, and
finishing)
;
50
Pickers, M.
50
18.50
Carders, M.
55
50
18.00
Spinners (ring), F
55
50
18.50
Doffers, F .
50
49
'
/
2
18.00
Twisters, F .
50
50
18.50
Spoolers, F .
50
55
18.50
Warpers, F .
50
50
18.50
Beamers, M.
50
55
25.00
Winders, F .
50
55
18.50
Slashers, M.
55
55
26.40
Drawers-in, F .
50
55
20.50
Loomfixers, M.
50
55
26.70
Weavers, M.
55
55
23.98
Weavers, F .
55
55
23.98
Dyehouse men M.
50
55
20.00
Finishers, M.
50
55
17.50
Folders,
F.
40
50
12.60
préparatoires, filature, tissage et finissage)
spinning, weaving, and
finishing)
52
13.00
21.68
40
Wool sorters, M.
Carders, M.
13.20
20.00
55
50
Spinners (mule), M.
11.99
27.98
55
52 Yi
Winders, F .
10.00
16.10
50
50
Spoolers, F .
10.45
18.90
55
52 !4
Warpers, M.
10.40
27.98
52
52 y2
Drawers-in, F.
11.00
20.87
55
52
Loomfixers,
M.
13.75
27.00
55
50
Weavers, M.
12.38
21.00
55
52%
Weavers,
F
.
9.98
21.00
52
52'/ 2
Burlers, F .
10.18
21.00
55
52 y2
Dyehouse men, M.
15.75
21.00
52 y2
52%
Finishers, M.
12.50
21.00
50
52 y
— See notes next
2
page.
174 —
CANADA (suite)
CANADA (cont.)
b) 1933
Limites des salaires prédominants
entre quelques établissements sélectionnés
Heures de travail
Limits of predominant rates in various
effectuées par semaine
selected establishments
Actual hours of
par heure
par semaine *
work per week
per hour
per week '
Professions et sexe
Coton (opérations préparatoires,
Cotton (preparing, spinning,
Démêleurs, H .
Cardeurs, H. .
Fileurs (ring), F .
Rattacheurs, F .
Retordeurs, F . .
Bobineurs, F . .
Ourdisseurs, F .
Enrouleurs, H.
Dévideurs, F . .
Colleurs, H. . .
Monteurs, F . .
Régleurs, H . .
Tisseurs, H.
Tisseurs, F . . .
Teinturiers, H.
Appreteurs, H.
Plieurs, F . . .
0.255
0.247
0.208
0.180
0.238
0.192
0.213
0.216
0.186
0.336
0.200
0.330
0.28t
0.280
0.247
0.245
0.195
0.360
0.340
0.300
0.246
0.300
0.280
0.320
0.460
0.320
0.440
0.300
0.485
0.400
0.370
0.320
0.315
0.400
14.00
13.60
H.45
8.46
13.09
10.56
11.70
11.90
10.25
18.50
9.00
18.15
15.45
15.40
13.60
13.48
10.70
Occupation and sex
weaving, and
finishing)
16.92
16.00
15.00
13.53
15.00
14.00
16.00
23.00
16.00
22.00
15.00
24.25
20.00
16.65
16.00
15.75
20.00
55
55
55
47
55
55
55
55
55
55
45
55
55
55
55
55
55
47
47
50
55
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
45
50
50
50
Pickers, M.
Carders, M.
Spinners (ring), F
Doffers, F .
Twisters, F .
Spoolers, F .
Warpers, F .
Beamers, M.
Winders, F .
Slashers, M.
Drawers-in, F .
Loomfixers, M.
Weavers, M.
Weavers, F .
Dyehouse men M.
Finishers, M.
Folders, F .
I
Laine cardée (opérations préparatoires, filature, tissage et finissage)
Wool (preparing, spinning, weaving, and
finishing)
Trieurs, H. .
Cardeurs, H.
Fileurs (renvid ), H. .
Dêvideurs, F .
Bobineurs, F .
Ourdisseurs, H
Monteurs. F .
Régleurs, H.
Tisseurs, H.
F. .
Epinceteurs, F
Teinturiers, H.
Appreteurs, H.
0.200
0.220
0.210
0.162
0.170
0.160
0.185
0.2U0
0.210
0.165
0.130
0.220
0.220
0.493
0.400
0.437
0.322
0.300
0.420
0.350
o.euu
0.440
0.440
0.380
0.360
0.400
11.00
12.10
10.50
8.51
10.20
8.80
11.10
20.21
20.00
24.04
16.10
15.75
21.00
17.50
11.OU
11.03
9.08
7.15
13.20
13.20
55
55
50
52%
60
55
60
41
50
55
50
52%
50
50
3U.UU
Dt>
SU
22.00
22.00
16.72
18.90
17.60
52%
55
55
60
60
50
50
44
52%
44
Wool sorters, M
Carders, M.
Spinners (mule), M.
Winders, F .
Spoolers, F .
Warpers, M.
Drawers-in, F .
L/Oomfixers, M.
Weavers, M.
F.
Burlers, F .
Dyehouse men, M.
Finishers, M.
A = Dans l'établissement où le salaire prédominant est le plus bas parmi les établissements couverts
par la statistique. — In the establishment where t h e predominant wage is t h e lowest among the establishments covered by t h e statistics.
B = Dans l'établissement où le salaire prédominant est le plus élevé parmi les établissements couverts
par la statistique. — In t h e establishment where the predominant wTage is the highest among the establishments covered by the statistics.
i Salaires par semaine calculés par le Bureau international du Travail en multipliant les salaires par
heure par la durée effective du travail dans les établissements correspondants (A et B). — Weekly wages
calculated by t h e International Labour Office by multiplying hourly wages by actual hours of work per
week in the corresponding establishments (A and B).
175
CANADA
CANADA
(fin)
(conci.)
c) 1935
Limite des salaires prédominants
entre quelques établissements sélectionnés
Heures de travail
Limits of predominant rates
effectuées par semaine
in various selected establishments
Actual hours of
par heure
par semaine '
work per week
per hour
per week '
Professions et sexe
Occupation and sex
Colon (opérations préparatoires, filature, tissage el finissage)
Collón (preparing, spinning, weaving, and finishing)
$
Démêleurs, H. .
Cardeurs, H. . .
Fileurs (ring), F.
Rattacheurs, F. .
Retordeurs, F. .
Bobineurs, F.
Ourdisseurs, F. .
Enrouleurs, H. .
Dévideurs, F. . .
Colleurs, H. . .
Monteurs, F. . .
Régleurs, H. . .
Tisseurs, H. . .
F. . .
Teinturiers, H. .
Plieurs, F. . . .
0.270
0.250
0.230
0.174
0.200
0.185
0.227
0.300
0.200
0.320
0.200
0.400
0.290
0.250
0.284
0.200
S
0.405
0.352
0.320
0.365
0.360
0.295
0.353
0.500
0.340
0.463
0.295
0.510
0.440
0.400
0.350
0.295
S
13.50
13.75
12.65
9.57
11.00
9.25
12.49
16.50
11.00
17.60
9.00
19.20
15.95
12.00
15.62
11.00
S
22.28
17.60
16.00
18.25
18.00
16.23
17.65
25.00
17.00
25.47
16.23
25.50
22.00
20.00
16.80
14.75
50
55
55
55
55
50
55
55
55
55
45
48
55
48
55
55
55
50
50
50
50
55
50
50
50
55
55
50
50
50
48
50
Pickers, M.
Carders, M.
Spinners (ring), F.
Doilers, F.
Twisters, F.
Spoolers, F.
Warpers, F.
Beamers, M.
Winders, F.
Slashers, M.
Drawers-in, F.
Loomflxers, M.
Weavers, M.
F.
Dyehouse men, M.
Folders, F.
Laine cardée (opérations préparatoires, filature, tissage et finissage)
Wool (preparing, spinning, weaving, and finishing)
Trieurs, H
Cardeurs, H
Fileurs (renvideurs), H.
Dé videurs, F
Bobineurs, F
Ourdisseurs, H
Monteurs, F
Résleurs, H
Tisseurs, H
F
Epinceteurs, F
Teinturiers, H
Appreteurs, H
0.200
0.200
0.210
0.140
0.190
0.200
0.170
0.250
0.190
0.200
0.170
0.200
0.225
0.550
0.465
0.550
0.322
0.255
0.420
0.380
0.600
0.460
0.370
0.355
0.332
0.360
8.80
8.80
11.55
7.35
10.26
11.00
8.93
13.75
10.45
10.50
9.35
10.50
9.90
27.50
20.93
24.20
16.10
14.03
21.00
19.00
30.00
23.00
18.50
15.62
16.60
18.00
44
44
55
52 y.
54
55
52 '/2
55
55
52 %
55
52'/.
44
50
45
44
50
55
50
50
50
50
50
44
50
50
Wool sorters, M.
Carders, M.
Spinners (mule), M.
Winders, F.
Spoolers, F.
Warpers, M.
Drawers-in, F.
Loomflxers, M.
Weavers, M.
F.
Burlers, F.
Dyehouse men, M.
Finishers, M.
A = Dans l'établissement où le salaire prédominant est le plus bas parmi les établissements couverts
par la statistique. — In the establishment where the predominant wage is the lowest among the
establishments covered by the statistics.
B = Dans l'établissement où le salaire prédominant est le plus élevé parmi les établissements couverts
par la statistique. — In the establishment where the predominant wage is the highest among the
establishments covered by the statistics.
i Salaires par semaine calculés par le Bureau international du Travail en multipliant les salaires par
heure par la durée effective du travail dans les établissements correspondants (A et B). •— Weekly wages
calculated by the International Labour OlTlce by multiplying hourly wages by actual hours of work
per week in the corresponding establishments (A and B).
SOURCE: Dominion Bureau of Statistics: Wages and Hours of Labour in Canada.
— 176
-
CHINE (Shanghai)
CHINA (Shanghai)
Enquête du « Bureau of Social Affairs » — Enquiry of the Bureau of Social Affairs
a) 1929
T a u x de salaires
Nombre d'ouvriers
couverts
N u m b e r oí
workers covered
Heures de travail
p a r jour
B a t e s of wages
Hommes adultes
Femmes adultes
A d u t t males
A d u l t females
H o u r s of work
per day
H . ad.
P . ad.
p a r heure
p a r jour p a r heure
p a r Jour
H. ad.
F. ad.
A d . M.
Ad. F .
per h o u r
per d a y
per day
Ad. M.
Ad. F .
11.75
12.00
12.00
11.90
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
11.80
per h o u r
Colon — Collón
Opérations préparatoires et filature, ensemble
dont: cardage(a).
étirage (a) .
»
(b) .
boudinage (a)
(o)
filature (ring)(a)
(6)
dêvidage (ft). .
Tissage et finissage, ensemble
dont: ourdissage (6)
tissage (a) . .
» (b) . .
finissage (a) .
$
$
$
7,558 27,574
417
56
11
684
1,362
*66 1,339
* 7 3,799
1,062
7,809
*
9,199
*
0.047
0.039
0.040
0.552
0.468
0.480
0.033
0.396
0.038
0.034
0.032
0.037
0.037
0.043
0.041
0.038
0.036
S
0.452
0.408
0.384
0.444
0.444
0.516
0.492
0.456
0.425
2,558
0.065
0.722
0.047
0.048
0.545
0.557
7,128
314
*
134
776
347
*
*
0.024
*
*
*
* 0.051
4,827 0.097
46 0.047
*
*
0.288
*
*
*
0.525
1.057
0.484
*
0.046
0.042
*
*
12.00
*
*
12.00
11.10
*
0.543
0.475
*
10.30
10.90
10.30
11.60
11.60
11.30
11.80
11.30
Preparing and
spinning: all
groups
Carding (a)
Drawinj (a)
(b)
Roving (a)
(6)
Ring spinn, (a)
(b)
Reeling (6)
Weaving and
finishing : all
groups
Warping (6)
Weaving (a)
(b)
Finishing (a)
Soie —Silk
518
Dévidage ensemble .
dont: dévidage (a) .
ouvriers auxiliaires (a) .
Tissage, ensemble . .
14,643 0.061
*
9,214
*
1,002
*
2,351
566 0.120
61
617
159 0.053
274 0.159
dont: dévidage (a) .
tissage (b) . .
*
0.732
0.049
0.539
12.00
11.00
*
0.055
0.605
*
11.00
1.260
0.039
0.086
0.429
0.894
10.50
11.00
10.40
0.567
1.654
0.040
0.130
0.420
1.333
10.70
10.40
10.50
10.25
*
*
Reeling: all
groups
Reeling, regular workers (a)
Reeling, substit.workers (a)
Weaving: all
groups
Winding (a)
Weaving (b)
Blanchiment el teinture —• Bleaching and dyeing
Ensemble . . . .
dont: teinture (a)
apprêt (a) .
1,443
835
109
*
*
*
0.060
0.051
0.076
» <iw» «sinirçs ftnuï*
B r a n c h e s e t sexe
*
*
*
0.468
0.367
0.667
*
*
*
Distribute
Pourcentage des ouvriers d o n t le salaire horaire e s t de $ :
Percentage of workers with hourly wage ($) of:
0.005- I 0.025- I 0.0a5- I 0.045. I 0.0550.0-249
0.034a
0.0Í49 0.0540 0.0040
0.0650.0740
I All groups
Dyeing (a)
I Finishing (a)
7.60
7.20
8.80
0.075. ! 0.0850.0840
0.105
Taux
par
heure
B r a n c h and sex
Bates
per
hour
Colon — Cotton
Card age, H. (a) .
Boudinage, F. (a)
Filature (ring), F.
Dévidage, F. (b).
Tissage, H. (b) .
F. (b) .
Apprêt, H. (a) .
. . 0
. . 3.1
(a) 14.0
. . 16.5
. . 1.4
. . 9.4
. . 0
16.3
19.6
25.2
33.4
2.8
16.9
10.1
80.6
43.5
33.1
29.4
5.2
23.6
38.9
2.6
24.1
22.7
13.8
9.1
24.2
30.3
0.2
5.9
3.7
4.5
16.1
13.1
11.5
0.2
1.5
0.9
1.3
12.8
7.9
6.6
0
1.0
0.2
0.6
9.0
2.6
2.0
0
1.2
0.2
0.4
43.6
2.1
0.6
0.039
0.043
0.038
0.036
0.097
0.046
0.047
Carding, M. (a)
Roving, F. (b)
Ring spinning, F.(a)
Reeling, F. (b)
Weaving, M. (b)
F. (6)
Finishing, M. (a)
(a) Au temps. — Time workers.
Le signe $ signifie Shanghaï-dollar. — The sign S signifies Shanghai dollar.
— 177 —
CHINE (Shanghai) (suite)
CHINA (Shanghai) (cont.)
b 1933
Taux de salaires
Nombre d'ouvriers
couverts
Number of
workers covered
Branches
par heure par Jour par heure par Jour
per hour per day per hour per day
F. ad.
Ad. F.
H ad.
Ad . M .
Bates of wages
Hommes adaltes
Femmes adultes
Adult males
Adult females
Colo i —
Filature, ensemble . . .
dont: cardage(a). .
(6). .
boudinage(a).
(ft).
étirage (a) . .
»
(6) . .
filature (a). .
(¡>).
•
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
•
dévidage (6) . .
retordage (6) . .
dévidage (b) . .
H. ad.
Ad. M.
F. ad.
Ad.F.
s
$
s
$
0.482
0.039
0.453
11.50
11.50
{ 0.040
0.038
3,067
{ 0.034
0.053
*
557{
0.457
0.432
0.389
0.612
0.041
0.043
0.038
0.045
0.025
0.044
0.051
0.036
0.044
0.041
0.039
0.471
0.489
0.442
0.519
0.286
0.504
0.586
0.412
0.505
0.473
0.447
11.50
11.50
11.50
11.50
11.50
11.50
11.50
11.50
11.50
11.50
11.50
11.50
11.50
11.50
11.50
11.34
11.50
11.36
257
6,396{
435"
379
5,079
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
0.051
0.026
0.571
0.304
0.044
0.503
*
*
0.038
0.044
0.423
0.498
*
*
11.24
11.37
0.550
1.005
0.041
0.472
*
11.50
11.50
11.50
*
Tissage et finissage, endont : ourdissage ( a ) . .
" •
(6). •
tissage (ft) . . .
finissage et emballage (a) . .
(fc) . .
4,136
}J
414
*
}
J
1
1 2,693
*
*
{ 0.048
0.087
144
Branch
Cotton
0.042
18,761
}
}
}*
}*
Heures de travail
par jour
Hours of work
per day
*
*
*
*
Spinning: all
groups
Carding (a)
(ft)
Roving (a)
(b)
Drawing (o)
(¡>)
Spinning (a)
»
(ft)
Winding (6)
Twisting (6)
Reeling (ft)
Weaving and
finishing: all
groups
W a r p winding
(a)
» (6)
Weaving (6)
Finishing and
baling (a)
•
(»)
Lair le — W'oo!
F i l a t u r e et tissage, endont : filature (a) .
»
(6) .
tissage (o) .
•
(6) .
finissage (o)
(6) . .
317
88
}
}
}
50
73
{
0.056
0.055
0.632
0.628
*
*
0.045
0.035
0.034
*
0.044
0.038
0.045
{ 0.051
0.095
/ 0.047
*
0.496
1.096
0.535
*
0.502
0.402
0.390
11.23
11.50
*
9.77
11.50
11.45
0.509
0.424
0.425
*
11.24
11.50
11.50
*
11.5011.50
9.50
*
10.87
*
Spinning and
weaving: all
groups
Spinning (a)
(6)
Weaving (o)
(6)
Finishing (a)
(ft)
So e — S ¡ft
Dévidage, ensemble (a) .
*
dont : dévidage (a) . .
ouvriers au
bassin (a) . .
Tissage, ensemble . . .
*
*
dont : doublage (a) . .
tissage (6) . . .
3,472
1,998
*
*
*
*
*
•
891
2,223
0.144
857
1,020
0.057
0.157
(a) Au temps. — Time workers.
0.038
0.411
0.043
0.471
1.523
0.282
0.915
*
*
10.86
0.026
0.087
10.60
10.88
10.55
0.630
1.662
0.044
0.126
0.463
1.334
11.00
10.58
10.51
10.57
Reeling: all
groups(a)
Reeling (a)
Basin workers
(a)
W e a v i n g : all
groups
Doubling (a)
Weaving (6)
(6) Aux pièces. — Piece workers.
Le signe t signifie Shanghaï-dollar. — The sign $ signifies Shanghai dollar.
SOURCE: Bureau of Social Affairs: Wages and Hours of Labour, Greater Shanghai, 1929, 1935.
Vol. II. 1 2
— 178 —
ÉTATS-UNIS
UNITED STATES
Enquête de V« U.S. Department of Labor » — Enquiry of the U.S. Department of Labor
a) Août 1933 — (a) August 1933
Heures de travail
par semaine
Hours of work
per week
Gains moyens
Nombre
d'ouvriers
Average earnings
couverte
Number of
workers
covered
par
heure
per
hour
par
par
semaine semaine
effectuée normale
per week
per
actually full-time
worked
week
effectuée
actually
worked
MnrnKre
moyen de
journées
effectuées
par
semaine
normale -Average
days
full-time
worked
per week
Coton (operations préparatoires, filature et tissage) — Cotton (preparing, spinning and weaving)
Hommes
Femmes .
Ensemble (H. et F.)
$
$
66,322
40,072
0.386
0.346
13.98
11.77
106,394
0.371
13.17
S
*
*
*
36.3
34.1
*
*
35.5
*
*
Males
Females
*
AH workers (M. and F.
Laine cardée et peignée (opérations préparatoires, filatures et tissage)
Wool and worsted (preparing, spinning, and weaving)
Hommes
Femmes
Ensemble (H. et F.)
20,530
20,897
0.526
0.410
19.93
14.65
21.25
16.36
37.9
35.7
40.4
39.9
li
Males
Females
41,427
0.469
17.27
18.81
36.8
40.1
4.7
All workers (M. and F.)
Soie naturelle et artificielle — Silk and rayon goods
Hommes
Femmes .
Ensemble (H. et F.)
10,685
13,038
0.464
0.372
17.29
13.15
18.65
14.69
37.2
35.4
40.2
39.5
4.7
4.6
Males
Females
23,723
0.415
15.01
16.51
36.2
39.8
4.6
All workers (M. and F )
Teinture et finissage — Dyeing and finishing
Hommes
Femmes .
Ensemble (H. et F.)
20,170
4,696
0.481
0.380
17.59
12.80
19.48
15.20
36.6
33.7
40.5
40.0
4.6
4.5
Maies
Females
24,866
0.463
16.68
18.71
36.0
40.4
4.6
— 179 —
É T A T S - U N I S (suite)
UNITED STATES
a) A o û t 1 9 3 3 (suite)
Proférions et sexe
—
(a) A u g u s t 1 9 3 3
Gains par heure
Hourly earnings
Nord
Sud
South
North
(cont.)
(cont.)
Occupation and sex
Colon (opérations préparatoires, filature et tissage)
Cotton (preparing, spinning, and weaving)
S
S
Pickers, tenders, M.
Démêleurs, H
0.403
0.309
Card tenders and strippers, M.
Cardeurs et débourreurs, H . . .
0.402
0.324
Rovingmen, M.
Boudineurs, H
0.355
0.304
Drawing-frame tenders, M.
Etireurs, H
0.382
0.328
F.
F
0.354
0.315
Speeder tenders, M.
E t i r e u r s en fin, H
0.435
0.365
•
F
.
•
•
« F
0.396
0.346
Slubber tenders, M.
Bancbrocheurs en gros, H . . . .
0.461
0.372
Spinners (frame), M.
Fileurs (continu), H
0.423
0.343
•
•
F.
i
i
F
0.373
0.322
Doffers, M.
Rattacheurs, H
0.413
0.344
Spooler
tenders,
F
.
Bobineurs, F
0.364
0.321
Warper tenders, F.
Ourdisseurs, F
0.449
0.340
Drawers-in (hand), F .
Monteurs (main), F
0.427
0.383
Loom fixers, M.
Régleurs, H
0.631
0.499
Filling bands, M.
Distributeurs, H
0.336
0.308
.
F.
F
0.334
0.306
Weavers, M.
Tisseurs, H
0.439
0.395
F
.
•
F
0.425
0.384
Inspectors, F .
Vérificateurs, F
0.332
0.309
Other workers (white), M.
Autres ouvriers (blancs), H . . .
0.345
0.264
•
»
(white), F .
»
•
(blancs), F . . .
0.313
0.263
Ensemble i 2 , H o m m e s . . .
»
! 2, Femmes . . .
•
2, H. et F., nord et
sud
0.409
0.361
0.332
0.320
0.3 71
All workers i 2 , Males
»
»
i 2, Females
•
»
2, M . and F . ,
North and South
Gains — Earnings
Professions et sexe
par
heure
par
semaine
per hour
per week
Occupation and sex
Laine cardée et peignée (opérations préparatoires, filature et tissage)
Wool and worsted (preparing¡ spinning, and weaving)
S
$
Picker tenders, M.
Démêleurs, H
0.413
15.22
Card tenders, M.
Cardeurs, H
15.96
*
Card strippers, M.
Débourreurs, H
18.20
*
Gill-box tenders, M.
Gill-boxeurs, H
0.397
13.74
F.
F
0.371
12.32
Drawing-frame tenders, F .
Etireurs, F
0.375
13.11
Spinners (mule), M.
Fileurs (renvideurs) H . .
22.52
*
»
(continu), H . . .
'
(frame), M.
19.42
*
•
»
F.
»
»
F. . .
0.416
14.68
Doffers, F .
Rattacheurs, F
0.360
11.89
Winders, F .
Dévideurs, F
0.399
13.74
Twister tenders, F .
Retordeurs, F
14.12
*
Spooler tenders, F .
Bobineurs, F
0.389
13.74
Monteurs (main), F . . .
0.497
17.01
Loom fixers, M.
Régleurs, H
30.00
•
Weavers,
M.
Tisseurs, H
20.81
*
F.
F
0.492
18.75
Burlers,
F
.
Epinceteurs, F
0.398
14.74
Menders,
F
.
Réparateurs, F
0.479
17.81
Perchers, M.
Percheurs, H
0.532
20.02
Ensemble 2 , H o m m e s
»
2) Femmes
2, H . et F .
0.526
0.410
0.469
19.93
14.65
17.27
All workers 2 , Males
•
»
2, Females
2 M . and F .
i Moyenne médiane. — Median average.
2 Y compris quelques professions ne figurant pas dans le tableau. — Including some
occupations not given in the table.
— 180 —
É T A T S - U N I S (suite)
UNITED STATES
a) A o û t 1 9 3 3 (fin)
—
(a) A u g u s t 1 9 3 3
Gains — EamingB
Nombre
d'ouvriers
converta
par
par
Number
Bemalne
heure
of workers
covered per hour per week
Professions et sexe
Soie naturelle
Ensemble i, H o m m e s
»
i, Femmes
i, H . et F .
382
2,237
760
303
869
872
674
828
1,138
4,428
2,981
0.357
0.344
0.724
0.514
0.474
0.353
0.339
0.442
0.351
0.447
0.410
S
13.40
11.89
28.15
18.53
16.63
12.45
11.32
13.45
12.09
16.70
15.23
10,685
13,038
23,723
0.464
0.372
0.415
17.29
13.15
15.01
Teinture et finissage — Dyeing and
Laveurs, H
Sécheurs, H
Foulons, H
Dévideurs de fils, F . . . .
Calandreurs, H
Teinturiers, H
Rameurs, H
Tondeurs à la machine, H . .
Autres ouvr. teinturiers, H.
Autres ouvriers, H . . . .
618
1,033
Ensemble », H o m m e s
•
i, F e m m e s .
i, H . et F . .
20,170
4,696
24,866
781
575
241
786
459
1,028
735
¿il O
0.432
0.437
0.446
0.393
0.434
0.450
0.442
(conci.)
Occupation and Bex
et artificielle — Siift and rayon
$
Démêleurs, F
Dévideurs, F
Régleurs, H
Ourdisseurs, H
•
F
Bobineurs, F
Remonteurs, F
Fileurs, H
»
F
Tisseurs, H
F
(cont.)
industry
Pickers, F .
Winders, F .
Loom fixers, M.
Warpers, M.
F.
Quillers, F .
Redrawers, F .
Spinners, M.
F.
Weavers, M.
F.
All workers i, Males
»
»
i, Females
»
•
i, M. and F .
finishing
0.428
0.369
15.25
15.75
16.47
11.37
15.93
15.93
14.47
10.81
14.31
14.04
Washer tenders, M.
Drier tenders, cloth, M.
Fullers, hand, M.
Y a r n winders, F .
Calender tenders, M.
Dyeing-machine tenders, M.
Tenter-frame tenders, M.
Shearing-mach. operators, M.
Labourers, dye-house, M.
Labourers, general, M.
0.481
0.380
0.463
17.59
12.80
16.68
»
»
i, Females
•
»
i, M. and F .
U.IVÖ
i Y compris quelques professions ne figurant pas dans le tableau.
occupations not given in t h e table.
Including some
— 181 —
ÉTATS-UNIS
(suite)
UNITED STATES
(cont.)
b) Août 1934 — (b) August 1934
Heures de travail
par semaine
Gains — Earnings
Nombre
d'ouvriers
couverts
Number
of workers
covered
HOOTS of work
per week
par
par
semaine semaine
par
effectuée normale
normale
eílectaée
heure
actually full-time
per week
per
per hour actually
full-time worked
worked
week
Nombre
moyen de
Journées
effectuées
par
semaine
Average
number
of daye
worked
per week
Coton (opérations préparatoires, filature et tissage) — Cotton (preparing, spinning, and weaving)
Hommes
Femmes .
Ensemble (H. et F.)
S
S
S
61,725
37,677
0.396
0.354
12.39
10.20
*
*
31.3
28.8
*
*
*
*
Maies
Females
99,402
0.381
11.56
*
30.3
*
*
Laine cardée et peignée (opérations préparatoires, filature et lissage)
Hommes
Femmes .
Ensemble (H. et F.)
18,091
13,893
0.535
0.428
17.58
11.94
21.67
16.99
32.8
27.9
40.5
39.7
4.2
3.8
Males
Females
31,984
0.493
15.13
19.77
30.7
40.1
4.0
Soie naturelle et artificielle — Silk and rayon goods
Hommes
Femmes .
Ensemble (H. et F.)
13,437
15,522
0.507
0.393
17.89
12.78
20.28
15.52
35.3
32.5
40.0
39.5
4.5
4.4
Males
Females
28,959
0.448
15.15
17.79
33.8
39.7
4.5
Hommes
Femmes .
Ensemble (H. et F.)
19,720
3,801
0.518
0.405
17.57
12.89
20.88
16.04
33.9
31.8
40.3
39.6
4.4
4.3
Males
Females
23,521
0.500
16.81
20.10
33.6
40.2
4.4
— 182 —
ÉTATS-UNIS
(suite)
b) A o û t 1934
UNITED STATES
(suite)
Professions et sexe
(6) August 1934
Gains par heure
Hourly earnings
Sud
Nord
North
South
(cont.)
(cont.)
Occupation and sex
Coton (opérations préparatoires, filature et tissage)
S
S
0.407
Démêleurs, H
Pickers, tenders, M.
0.313
0.410
Card tenders and strippers, M.
0.325
Cardeurs et débourreurs, H . . .
0.360
Roving men, M.
0.304
0.389
Drawing-frame tenders, M.
0.338
E t i r e u r s , ±1
0.352
• >
F.
0.309
•
F
0.454
Speeder tenders, M.
0.368
0.402
F.
0.353
.
» .
F
0.488
Slubber tenders, M.
0.374
Bancbrocheurs en gros, H .
. .
0.445
Spinners (frame), M.
0.338
Fileurs (continu), H
0.378
0.321
»
»
F.
»
»
F
0.432
0.349
Doffers, M.
0.380
0.332
0.399
0.333
W a r p e r tenders, F .
Ourdisseurs, F
0.427
0.388
Drawers-in (band), F .
Monteurs (main), F
0.648
0.507
Loom fixers, M.
0.343
0.311
Filling hands, M.
0.335
0.307
F
•
•
F.
0.442
0.401
Weavers, M.
0.435
0.382
F
»
F.
0.335
0.310
Inspectors, F .
0.355
0.280
Other workers (white), M.
Autres ouvriers (blancs), H . . .
0.333
0.297
»
•
(white), F .
•
»
(blancs), F . . .
Ensemble i 2! ; H o m m e s . . .
>
i , Femmes . . .
»
2, H . et F., nord et
0.421
0.373
0.339
0.321
0.3 81
All workers i 2 , Males
»
»
i 2, Females
»
>
¡, 11. and F . ,
GainB — Earnings
Professions et sexe
par
heure
par
semaine
per week
Occupation and sex
per-hour
Laine cardée et pfignée (opérations préparatoires, filature et tissage)
S
?
Picker tenders, M.
Démêleurs, H
0.401
13.45
13.56
Card tenders, M.
Cardeurs, H
*
15.92
Card strippers, M.
Débourreurs, H
*
10.96
Gill-box tenders, M.
10.08
F.
0.389
»
F
9.56
Drawing-frame tenders, F .
0.375
m
n7
Skinners (mule), M=
Fileurs 'renvîdeiirs^ H
0.378
»
(frame), M.
Î6.64
» • F.
*
>
>
F
11.61
Doffers,
F
.
*
Rattacheurs, F
7.68
Winders,
F
.
Dévideurs, F
10.28
0.412
Twister tenders, F .
9.97
0.363
Bobineurs, F
11.37
0.405
Monteurs (main), F
16.22
Loom
fixers, M.
*
Régleurs, H
27.12
Weavers, M.
0.402
18.53
F.
F
16.80
0.530
Burlers, F .
Epinceteurs, F
11.73
*
Menders, F .
Répareurs, F
13.64
*
Perchers, M.
16.25
0.515
0.416
All workers 2, M.
Ensemble 2, H o m m e s . . .
0.535
17.58
0.479
»
»
2, F .
•
2l Femmes . . . .
0.428
11.94
0.524
•
.
2, M . and F .
2, H. et F .
. . .
0.493
15.13
i Moyenne médiane. — Median average.
2 Y compris quelques professions ne figurant pas dans le tableau. — Including some
— 183 —
ÉTATS-UNIS (suite)
UNITED STATES
b) A o û t 1934 (fin)
Professions et sexe
Nombre
d'ouvriers
converts
Number
of workers
covered
(cont.)
— (b) August 1934. (conci.)
Gains — Earnings
par
heure
Occupation and sex
par
semaine
per week
Soie naturelle et artificielle — Silk and rayon industry
Démêleurs, F
Dévideurs, F
Régleurs, H
Ourdisseurs, H
F
Bobineurs, F
Remonteurs, F
Fileurs, H
»
F
Tisseurs, H
F
Ensemble i, Hommes
•
i, Femmes
i, H. et F.
$
$
574
2,794
995
410
949
1,316
955
1,008
1,326
5,393
3,468
0.346
0.356
0.765
0.620
0.499
0.357
0.353
0.456
0.356
0.482
0.433
11.25
10.73
28.17
21.23
14.85
11.89
10.49
14.99
11.25
16.74
15.31
13,437
15,522
28.959
0.507
0.393.
0.448
17.89
12.78
15.15
Pickers, F.
Wenders, F.
Loom fixere, M.
Warpers, M.
F.
Quillers, F.
Redrawers, F.
Spinners, M.
F.
Weavers, M.
.
F.
•
•
i, Females
»
» i, M. and F.
Laveurs, H
Sécheurs, H
Foulons, H
Dévideurs de 01s, F. . . .
Calandreurs, H
Teinturiers, H
Rameurs, H
Tondeurs à la machine, H. .
Autres ouvr. teinturiers, H.
Autres ouvriers, H
688
614
. 179
699
472
1,015
695
203
795
1,102
0.460
0.469
0.451
0.416
0.480
0.518
0.489
0.497
0.492
0.420
13.48
15.69
14.67
11.19
16.45
16.50
16.50
17.81
14.29
13.91
Ensemble », Hommes . 19,720
»
i, Femmes . .
3,801
•
», H. et F. . 23,521
0,518
0.405
0.500
17.57
12.89
16.81
Washer tenders, M.
Drier tenders, cloth, M.
Fullers, hand, M.
Yarn winders, F.
Calender tenders, M.
Dyeing-machine tenders, M.
Tenter-frame tenders, M.
Shearing-machine opérât., M.
Labourers, dye-house, M.
Labourers, general, M.
»
» i, Females
»
» i, M. and F.
i Y compris quelques professions ne figurant pas dans le tableau. — Including some
— 184
ÉTATS-UNIS (suite)
UNITED STATES (cont.)
Dispersion des salaires -- Distribution of wages
Pourcentage dea ouvriers dont le gain horaire est de $:
Percentage of workers with hourly earnings ($) of:
0.30
0.36
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.60
moins
a moins à moins à moins à moins à moins à moins 0.70
et plus
de:
de:
de:
de:
de:
de:
de:
and
under: under: under: under: under: under: under:
over
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.60
0.70
0.50
Gains par
heure
Hourly
earnings
a) Août Í933 — (a) August 1933
I . Nord: H o m m e s .
Femmes.
II. Sud:
Hommes.
Femmes
4.1
4.7
10.2
7.8
22.4
38.6
47.8
69.6
20.1
30.3
15.8
15.4
16.5
14.7
10.0
4.6
11.5
6.4
8.8
1.5
13.7
4.6
5.3
0.9
8.7
0.5
1.3
0.1
3.0
0.2
0.8
0.1
î
0.4091 I. North:
0.36U
0.3321 I I . S o u t h :
0.3201
Males
Females
Males
Females
0.3
0.3
0.3
Hommes
Femmes
Ensemble ( H . et F.)
3.2
2.9
3.1
24.1
59.6
41.9
15.6
16.1
15.9
Soie naturelle et artificielle
Hommes
Femmes
8.2
9.5
8.9
Hommes
3.3
5.5
3.7
17.8
43.3
31.8
12.5
20.3
16.8
14.7
10.2
12.3
10.7
9.0
9.9
16.1
7.6
11.8
19.0
41.5
23.3
15.2
13.0
14.8
17.5
1.4
9.4
—• Silk and rayon
11.5
6.7
8.8
16.1
6.7
11.0
Teinture et finissage — Dyeing and
9.4
21.8
11.7
12.5
3.1
7.7
24.8
7.9
21.6
12.9
6.4
11.7
0.526
0.410
0.469
Males
Females
All M. and F .
industry
10.0
2.4
5.8
9.2
0.9
4.6
0.464
0.372
0.415
Maies
Females
All M. and F .
0.481
0.380
0.463
Maies
Females
All M. and F .
finishing
8.9
3.0
.7.8
6.5
0.9
5.4
b) Août 1934 — (4) August 1934
I. Nord: Hommes.
Femmes.
Hommes.
Femmes.
I I . Sud:
.
.
.
.
2.1
1.8
8.3
4.0
20.7
36.5
46.6
71.4
19.3
30.5
16.0
15.7
16.6
16.4
11.8
5.6
11.6
6.7
8.9
1.9
14.9
7.1
5.9
1.1
10.9
0.8
1.5
0.2
3.9
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.42H I . North: Males
Females
0.3731
0.3391 I I . South: Males
Females
0.3211
Wool and -worsted (preparing, spinning, and weaving)
Hommes
Femmes
Ensemble (H. et F.)
0.2
0.1
0.2
2.5
2.8
2.6
21.2
49.4
33.4
15.5
19.2
17.1
Soie naturelle et artificielle
Hommes.
Femmes .
Ensemble (H. et F.)
2.2
1.5
1.8
Femmes
Ensemble (H. et F.)
Teinture
1.2
7.4
1.3 20.7
1.2
9.6
1
15.0
41.1
29.0
Moyenne médiane. — Median.
11.5
10.6
11.1
18.1
10.2
14.8
13.9
4.6
9.8
— Stift and rayon
17.1
3.1
11.0
0.535
0.428
0.493
Maies
Females
All M. and F .
industry
13.9
1.3
7.2
0.507
0.393
0.448
Maies
Females
All M. an
et finissage — Dyeing and finishing
14.1 16.6 13.5 28.3 11.5
7.4
29.9 23.4
2.5
2.4
8.5 11.3
16.6 17.7 12.7 25.5 10.2
6.5
0.518
0.405
0.500
Males
Females
All M. and F .
12.4
23.6
18.5
14.0
13.0
13.4
13.9
8.0
10.7
16.8
8.0
12.1
11.8
3.5
7.3
F.
— 185 —
ÉTATS-UNIS
(suite)
UNITED STATES
(coni.)
Statistique périodique de Z'« U.S. Department of Labor »
Periodical Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor
Gaina
moyens
par
heure
Average
hourly
eamlngB
Branches
Gaina
moyens
par
semaine
Average
weekly
earnlngB
Heures
effectuées
en
moyenne
par
semaine
Average
hours
worked
.per week
Branch
Coton, Hommes et Femmes . . .
Laine cardée et peignée, H. et F. .
Soie naturelle et artificielle, H. et F.
Teinture et finissage, H. et F. . . .
Centi
36.4
48.7
42.7
49.5
?
13.11
17.54
14.40
17.30
35.8
37.1
33.9
35.1
Cotton goods, M. and F.
Woollen and worsted goods, M. and F.
Silk and rayon goods, M. and F .
Dyeing and finishing textiles, M. and F.
¿>) Septembre 1935 — (¿>) September 1935
Coton, H. et F
Teintures et finissages, H. et F. . .
37.4
49.4
44.4
53.0
13.17
18.12
15.77
19.38
35.1
36.7
35.5
36.3
Ensemble des textiles i, H. et F.
44.7
16.10
35.9
Silk and rayon goods, M. and F.
Dyeing and finishing textiles,!!.and F.
All textiles, i M. and F.
c) Septembre 1936 — (c) September 1936
Coton, H. et F
Teinture et finissage, H. et F. . . .
36.3
49.2
42.5
50.1
13.51
16.38
15.39
20.16
37.0
33.3
36.2
39.8
Ensemble des textiles i, H. et F.
43.3
15.69
36.5
Silk and rayon goods, M. and F.
Dyeing and finishing textiles, M. and F.
All textiles, i M. and F.
i Y compris d'autres branches de l'industrie textile, ne figurant pas au tableau. — Including other
branches of the textile industry, not given in the table.
— 186 —
ÉTATS-UNIS (suite)
UNITED STATES (cont.)
Statistique périodique du « National Industrial Conference Board »
Periodical Statistics of the National Industrial Conference Board
Heures
effectuées
en
moyenne
par
semaine
par
Average
semaine
hours
per week o!" work
per week
Gains — Earnings
par
heure
per hour
a) 3 m e trimestre 1929 — {a) 3rd q u a r t e r 1929
Colon (Nord) — Cotton (North)
Cents
Hommes qualifiés et semi-qualifiés
Hommes non qualifiés
Femmes
Ensemble, H. et F.
49.5
36.1
36.0
S
24.44
18.88
15.77
49.41
52.3 1
43.8 1
41.7
20.05
48.0
Ensemble, H. et F.
All M. and F.
Wooi
Laine
Hommes qualifiés et semi-qualifiés .
Femmes
Males, skilled and semi-skilled
Males, unskilled
Females
53.5
44.6
42.8
26.20
22.05
19.30
49.0 1
49.4 1
45.1 1
47.8
22.61
47.3
Males, unskilled
Females
All M. and F.
Soie — Silk
Femmes
Ensemble, H. et F.
. . .
58.0
49.0
40.6
28.22
27.35
17.74
48.7 1
55.8 1
43.7 1
48.4
23.32
48.2
Males, unskilled
Females
All M. and F.
b) Septembre 1933 — (b) September 1933
Coton (Nord) — Cotton (North)
Hommes qualifiés et semi-qualifiés.
Femmes
'
Ensemble, H. et F.
Hommes qualifiés et semi-qualiflés .
Femmes
Ensemble, H. et F.
18.33
14.14
13.39
38.0 1
35.4 i
36.0 1
42.8
15.76
36.8
54.5
43.5
42.2
20.72
16.80
14.75
38.0 1 Males, skilled and semi-skilled
38.6 i Males, unskilled
35.0 1 Females
48.0
17.48
36.4
Soie
Femmes
Ensemble, H. et F.
Males, unskilled
Females
48.2
39.9
37.2
All M. and F.
All M. and F.
Silk
53.9
50.5
40.3
19.29
15.12
13.76
35.8 1
29.9 1
34.1 i
47.3
16.33
34.5
Males, unskilled
Females
All M. and F.
i Chiffres calculés par le Bureau international du Travail en divisant les gains par semaine par les
gains par heure. — Figures calculated by the International Labour Office by dividing weekly earnings
by hourly earnings.
— 187 —
ÉTATS-UNIS (fin)
UNITED STATES
Gains — Earnings
par
heure
par
semaine
per hour
per week
effectuées
en
moyenne
par
semaine
Average
(conci.)
of work
per week
Colon (Nord)
Femmes
Ensemble (H. et F.) . . .
Cotton (North)
Genta
50.4
42.4
39.8
i
18.90
16.42
13.94
37.5
38.8
35.1
44.9
16.46
36.7
Males, unskilled
Females
All M. and F.
Laine — Wool
Femmes
61.5
45.6
45.6
23.87
17.81
15.77
38.8
39.1
34.6
52.1
19.55
37.5
Males, unskilled
Females
All M. and F.
Sote — Silk
Femmes
56.7
62.1
39.0
20.88
14.11
12.92
36.8
22.7
33.1
50.8
16.55
32.6
Males, unskilled
Females
All M. and F.
d) Septembre 1936 — (d) September 1936
Colon (Nord)
49.9
42.7
Femmes
39.3
Ensemble (H. et F.)
45.1
Cotton (North)
20.44
17.63
14.50
41.0
41.3
36.9
17.68
39.2
Males, unskilled
Females
Ali M. and F.
Laine — Wool
Femmes
Ensemble (H. et F.)
63.2
46.3
46.3
23.84
18.29
15.95
37.8
39.5
34.5
53.1
19.33
36.4
Males, unskilled
Females
AU M. and F.
Soie — Silk
Femmes
56.2
61.5
37.3
21.59
20.15
13.27
38.4
32.7
35.6
50.1
18.23
36.4
Males, unskilled
Females
All M. and F.
SOURCES: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics: Handbook of Labour Statistics, 1936
Edition. Monthly Labor Review. National Industrial Conference Board : Conference Board Service
Letter.
— 188 —
FRANCE
FRANCE
Statistique périodique de l'Office central de la main-d'œuvre, Ministère du Travail et
de la Prévoyance sociale, 1929-1936
Periodical Statistics of the « Office central de la main-d'œuvre, Ministère du Travail
et de la Prévoyance sociale », 1929-1936
Percentage of workers working weekly
Date
— 31.9 h.
32 h.
1 32.1—39.9 h. |
40 h.
1.3
6.5
4.0
0.3
1.1
5.1
3.2
8.0
14.7
6.7
1.0
6.8
11.8
9.6
k
1929: Dec
1933: Sept
1935:
•
1936:
»
;
. . . .
| 40.1—47.9 h.
48 h. —
1.3
16.8
21.5
19.8
97.4
66.0
40.4
56.7
SOURCE: Ministère du Travail et de la Prévoyance sociale: Bulletin du marché du travail.
GRANDE-BRETAGNE ET IRLANDE
GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN
DU NORD
IRELAND
A. Enquête du « Ministry of Labour » (semaine finissant le 24 octobre 1931)
A. Enquiry of the Ministry of Labour (week ending 24 October 1931)
Nombre
d'ouvriers
couverte '
Number
of workers
covered '
Sexe
Gains par semaine
Weekly earnings
A
|
Coton (filature
s.
Homines
. . . . 68,994 45
Femmes
. . . . 122,062 27
Ensemble
(H. e t F . ) . . . 302,951 34
Hommes
. . . .
Femmes
. . . .
Ensemble
/ x j ~* i? *
y x * . v>v A1 . / .
.
Blanchiment,
Hommes
. . . .
Femmes
. . . .
Ensemble
(H. e t F . ) . . .
Ouvriers a horaire
réduit par rapport
au total des
travailleurs
Percentage
of workers
on short time
d. s.
B
|
0
A
et tissage)
| C
par les ouvriers
a. horaire réduit
by workers on
short time
A
| B
— Cotton (spinning
d. s.
d.
3 51 1 45
27
3
24 3
34
6
39 11
3
3
(filature
| B
Heures de travail perdues
Average number of hours lost
*
*
% *
* *
*
| 0
and
*
*
par l'ensemble
des travailleurs
by all
workers
*
*
4
7
0
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
51,322 49
75,217 27
4 50
7 26
8 49
2 27
172,706 36
9 42
7 36 10 20.6 14.2 20.5 11.8 17.5 11.7
impression,
teinture et finissage
Males
Females
1.9
— Woollen and worsted (spinning
*
*
'
weaving)
6 11.5 23.6 11.5 16.2 23.9 16.5
et tissage)
Sex
All M. and F .
and
*
*
2.4
weaving)
Males
Females
All M. and F .
.
55,206 48
16,956 24
7
3
*
*
— Bleaching,
*
*
*
*
printing,
*
*
6 55
3 26
0 48
5 24
9 46
1 42 10 35.8 22.6 35.6 14.9
*
*
dyeing, and
*
*
*
finishing
Males
Females
2
77,379 42
8.1 14.9
5.3
All M. and F .
A = Grandes entreprises — Larger firms. B = Petites entreprises — Smaller Arms. C = Grandes
et petites entreprises — All firms.
1
Nombre indiquant la portée des données sur les gains; celles sur les heures de travail perdues ont
une portée très légèrement inférieure. — Numbers representing the scope of the data on earnings; the scope
of the
data on hours lost is very slightly less.
2
Y compris les ouvriers des établissements n'ayant pas fourni de chiffres séparés pour les hommes
et les femmes. — Including workers in establishments which did not supply separate figures for males
and females.
— 189 —
GRANDE-BRETAGNE
(suite)
G R E A T BRITAIN
(cont.)
B. Enquête du « Ministry of Labour» (semaine finissant le 12 octobre 1935)
B. Enquiry of the Ministry of Labour (week ending 12 October 1935)
Gains p a r semaine -- Weekly earning
Branches
Nombre
Jeunes
d'ouvriers Homme* gens e t Femmes J e u n e s
converts ' (de 2 1 garçons (de 18 Alles (de
a n s e t (moins a n s e t
moins
En
N o m ber
píos)
de 2 1
plus)
de 18 semble
oí
ans)
ans)
workers Mea (21
Women
Al
covered '
years
Y o u t h s (18 y .
Glrls
workers
and
a. boys
And
(under
over)
(under
over)
18
21 y.)
years)
s.
d. s.
Coton :
Cardage, filature et retordage (y compris la fabric.
des Als)
148,119 49 6 18
Tissage
111,938 49 10 19
F i l a t u r e et tissage (non separables)
56,002 49 4 20
Total, coton 2 . . . . 322,879 49 9
Laine:
Peignage, e t c
12,302 53 6
F i l a t u r e et tissage (laine
peignée)
79,160 55 8
F i l a t u r e et tissage (laine
cardée)
69,177 55 0
(non separables) . . .
25,710 57 11
d. s.
d.
d. s.
d.
3 28
6 15
8 33
Cotton :
Carding, spinning a n d
doubling (incl. thread
6
manuf.)
6
Weaving
Spinning a n d weaving (not
0
separat, disting.)
19
1 28
8 16
6 33
8
27
9 28
1 22
1 44
3
21
8 30
6 20
22
2 33
2 20
23
0 32
0 19
1 38
2
17 1 42
17 10 46
7
3
7 27
9 30
6 16
8 16
Total, laine
cardée et
peignée s
191,268 55 3 22 5 31 3
Soie, moulinage, filature et
tissage (y compris le tissage
de la soie artificielle) . . .
43,889 66 10 30 8 31 1
Soie artificielle, filature. . .
20,741 67 3 39 11 29 9
Lin et chanvre, filature et
tissage
50,622 45 0 16 1 23 6
J u t e , filature et tissage
. .
20,906 48 10 23 10 32 5
Blanchiment,
impression,
teinture et a p p r ê t . . . .
78,859 55 6 24 2 27 10
Total, textile 2 . . . .
s.
Branch
923,674 55 11 23
1 30
20
7 32
7 35
Total, cotton 2
Wool:
Combing a n d t o p making
Worsted
spinning a n d
4 33 9
weaving
Woollen
spinning a n d
2 41 0
weaving
Woollen and worsted (not
0 39 11
separat, disting.)
14 11 26 0
17 11 34 10
16 10 44
3 17
2 36
6
4
Total, woollen and
worsted 2
Silk, throwing, spinning and
weaving (incl. artille, silk
weaving)
Artificial silk spinning
F l a x and hemp spinning a n d
weaving
J u t e spinning and weaving
Bleaching, printing, dyeing
and finishing
Total, textile 2
1 Nombre indiquant la portée des données sur les gains; celles sur les heures de travail ont une portée
légèrement inférieure. — Numbers representing the scope of the data on earnings; the scope of the data
on hours of work is slightly less.
2 Y compris d'autres branches ne figurant pas dans le tableau. — Includig other branches not
given in the table.
NOTE. — Depuis octobre 1935, les taux de salaires dans certaines de ces industries ont été augmentés. — Since October 1935, rates of wages in some of these industries have been increased.
— 190 —
GRANDE-BRETAGNE (suite)
GREAT BRITAIN (com.)
B. Enquête du « Ministry of Labour » (semaine finissant le 12 octobre 1935) (suite)
B. Enquiry of the Ministry of Labour (week ending 12 October 1935) (cont.)
Heures'
effectuées
par
ouvrier
et par
semaine
Hours1
plus de worked
per
over
worker
48
per
week
(heures normales):
Percentage of workers whose normal weekly hours were:
Branches
moins
de
less than
44
Coton :
Cardage, m a t u r e et r e tordage (y compris
la fabric, des fils) .
Tissage
Filature et tissage (non
separables) . . . .
Total, coton 2 .
Laine:
Peignage, e t c . . . .
F i l a t u r e et tissage
(laine peignée) . .
Filature et tissage
(laine cardée)
. .
Laine cardée et peignée (non separables)
0.6
1.3
44
.44%46'/«
47
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.9
0.2
0.5
475447%
48
0.8
8.1
96.1
87.1
1.9
1.8
47.0
47.6
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.2
97.8
0.8
47.2
0.9
0.2
1.2
0.4
3.2
92.0
2.1
47.3
0.8
0.5
1.7
0.1
1.1
94.7
1.1
46.8
1.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.3
94.6
3.8
49.4
1.7
0.3
2.2
0.2
0.4
90.8
4.4
49.3
1.9
0.0
0.2
3.5
0.4
92.3
1.7
49.3
Total, laine cardée et peignée 1
Soie, moulinage, filat u r e et tissage (y compris le tissage de la
soie artificielle). . .
Soie artificielle filature
Lin et chanvre, filature
et tissage
.1U1.C, masure 6t Lissage
Blanchiment,
impression, teinture et a p prêt
1.5
0.3
1.2
0.6
0.4
92.4
3.6
49.2
13.1
17.2
0.4
1.1
16.3
42.1
7.7
11.9
1.3
0.0
49.0
8.0
12.2
19.7
46.9
46.0
2.6
4.2
0.0
3.8
O.i
4.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
79.6
5.8
l.V
98.7
Û.Û
46.2
48.i
2.0
0.9
1.0
1.4
0.5
80.5
13.7
47.4
Total, textile 2 .
2.8
1.2
4.2
3.0
1.8
80.4
6.6
47.7
Branch
Cotton :
Carding, spinning and
doubling (incl.
thread manuf.)
Weaving
Spinning and weaving
(not separat, disting.)
Total, cotton 2
Wool:
Combing and top m a k .
Worsted spinning a n d
weaving
Woollen spinning a n d
weaving
Woollen and worsted
(not separat, disting.)
Total, woollen a n d
worsted 1
Silk, throwing, spinning and weaving
(incl. artificial silk
weaving)
Artificial silk spinning
Flax and hemp spinning and weaving
J ute spinning and weav.
Bleaching, printing,
dyeing and finishing
Total, textile 2
1 Les heures effectuées se rapportent en général à celles pendant lesquelles les établissements ont
fonctionné et non à celles effectuées individuellement par les ouvriers. — In general the hours worked
shown
are those worked by the establishments and not those worked by the individual workers.
2
Y compris d'autres branches ne figurant pas dans le tableau. •— Including other branches not given
in the table.
SouncE: Ministry of Labour: The Ministry of Labour Gazette
— 191 —
GREAT BRITAIN (cont.)
C. Information du « Ministry of Labour » (fin décembre 1936) 1
C. Information supplied by the Ministry of Labour (end of December 1936)1
Montant total des taux de
Branche, région, profession et sexe
Total weekly rates of
wages '
(ouvriers au temps)
Yorkshire:
Trieurs, H. ad
Filature (laine peignée) :
1er« étireurs et dévideurs, F. ad. . .
Fileurs, F. 3 *
Rattacheurs, F. s
Dévideurs, F. 3
Ourdisseurs et enrouleurs, F. ad. . .
Tissage:
Ourdisseurs et enrouleurs (laine cardée), H. ad
Vérificateurs, H. ad
Ouvriers non qualifiés :
H. ad
F. ad.«
Branche, région et catégorie
d'onvrierB
Blanchiment, teinture et finissage (ouvriers
non qualifiés, au temps)
Yorkshire: A
H. ad. i
Yorkshire: B
H. ad. 7
F. ad. s
Lancashire, Cheshire et Derbyshire:
H. ad. '
F. ad. «
Ecosse:
H. ad. '
F. ad.e
s.
Wool and worsted
(time workers)
Yorkshire:
Wool sorters, Men
Spinning (worsted):
1st drawers and reelers, Women
Twisters, F. a
Spinners, F. 3, *
Doffers, F. s
Winders, F. 3
Warpers and beamers, Women
Weaving:
d.
63 0
26
25
23
20
24
28
Branch, district, occupation, and sex
2
4
2
11
6
8
48 4
71 06 9
Warpers and beamers (wool), Men
Overlookers, Men
46 5
28 5
Unskilled occupations, Men
»
»
Women «
Taux minima
par semaine
Minimum
weekly rates
Total * (y
compris suppl.
de vie chère)
(incl. cost of
living wage)
s.
i.
48 4
47 4
29 745 4
29 1
42 4
26 1
Branch, district and category
of workers
Bleaching, dyeing, and finishing
(unskilled time workers)
Yorkshire: A
Men'
Yorkshire
:B
Men 7
Women «
Lancashire, Cheshire, and Derbyshire:
Men i
Women «
Scotland :
Men'
Women 7
A = Région dépendant de la « Bradford Dyers' Association ». • Area covered by the Bradford Dyers'
Association.
B = Région dépendant d'autres associations d'employeurs. - Area covered by other employers'
associations.
1
Ce tableau se rapporte aux taux de salaires au temps. La grande majorité des tisseurs et de nombreux
ouvriers d'autres professions sont payés aux pièces; par conséquent les chiffres ci-dessus ne reflètent pas
les gains pour le travail aux pièces. Pour des détails sur les gains moyens, voir tableaux pages 190 à 192.—
« Taux de salaires comprenant une majoration de 10 pour cent et 52 pour cent de supplément du coût
de la vie. — s Un grand nombre de ces ouvriers sont des jeunes filles et les taux indiqués s'appliquent à
ces dernières, quel que soit leur âge. — * Taux-type pour ouvriers travaillant à 3 bancs à 72 broches;
taux augmenté ou diminué selon que le nombre des broches ou des bancs est supérieur ou inférieur, le
taux
minimum étant de 20s. ltd. — s Taux minimum. — 6 Ouvrières âgées de 18 ans et plus.—
7
Ouvriers âgés de 21 ans et plus. — s Des suppléments temporaires se montant à 3s. par semaine pour
les hommes et à 1 s. par semaine pour les femmes sont accordés aux ouvriers au temps occupés aux travaux
textiles proprement dits, en attendant l'introduction du travail aux pièces en équipes dans les différents
établissements. — » Y compris une majoration de 6s. au lieu de 10 pour cent.
i The above table relates to lime-rates of wages. The great majority of the weavers and many workers
in other occupations are paid at piece rates and the figures given above do not reflect their earnings on
piecework. For some particulars of average earnings see tables pages
190 to 192. —s Rates of wages inclusive
of 10 per ceni, advance and cost-of-living wage of 52 per cent. — 3 A large number of the doffers, spinners,
twisters, and winders are juveniles; the rates of wages quoted are paid to these workers irrespective of
age. — * Standard rate for 3 sides of 72 spindles each, with additions or deductions for more or less spindles
or
sides. The minimum rate is 20s. lid. —• * Minimum rate. — 8 Women 18 years of age and over. —
7
Workers 21 years of age and over. — s Temporary additional payment amounting to 3s. per week for
men and Is. for women are made to operatives employed at time rates on9 productive process work, pending
the introduction of collective piece work at the individual works. — Including 6s. advance instead of
10 per cent.
— 192 —
GREAT BRITAIN (com.)
D. Statistique périodique du « Ministry of Labour »
D. Periodical Statistics of the Ministry of Labour
Nombre
d'úHTTiélS
couverte
Number
of workers
covered
Galos moyens pour la semaine finissant le '
Average earnings for the week ending tbe: *
23 Sept. 1933 21 Sept. 1935 19 Sept. 1930
d.
s.
d.
32 10
33 2
32 7
46 3
34 8
30
29
31
42
31
1
1
8
9
8"
s.
Coton 2 :
Opérations préparatoires
Filature
Tissage
Autres branches . .
Ensemble
. . .
9,551
18,515
29,322
7,517
70,998
Laine:
Laine peignée: triage
et peignage . . .
Filature
Tissage
Autres branches . .
11,607
39,013
20,216
10,883
Ensemble s . . .
83,550
Laine cardée:
Triage
Filature
Tissage
Autres branches . .
1,132
13,540
25,620
17,578
Ensemble s . . .
Laine, total * . .
60,444
143,994
44 9
30 10
40 10
48 3
37 9
46 11
43 0
36 10
45 7
41 3
39 3
43
29
36
44
35
2
5
7
1
2
42 11
42 1
35 3
43 1
39 5
36 11
8.
d.
a.
d.
31
30
31
43
32
0
31
31
32
43
33
7
1
9
4
1
45
29
36
45
35
Ü
8
1
2
0
7
5
1
4
45 0
42 0
35 2
43 8
39 7
37 11
44
29
36
44
35
8
8
1
4
2
44 10
43 6
36 3
44 0
40 6
37 6
Cotton : 2
Preparing
Spinning
Weaving
Other branches
All branches
Wool:
Worsted section : wool
sorting and combing
Spinning
Weaving
Other branches
All branches s
Woollen section:
Wool sorting
Spinning
Weaving
Other branches
All branches 3
Total, wool industry *
i Chiffres calculés par le Bureau international du Travail d'après les données publiées par le « Ministry
of Labour •, en divisant le montant global des salaires payés pendant une semaine, dans un certain nombre
d'entreprises sélectionnées, par le nombre d'ouvriers occupés ayant reçu ces salaires. — Figures compiled
by the International Labour Office from the data published by the Ministry of Labour, by dividing the total
wages bill paid during one week In certain selected establishments by the number of employed wage earners.
2 Les chiffres pour le coton reposent sur un petit nombre d'entreprises; des relevés plus complets
effectués en octohre 1928, 1931 et 1935 montrent que les gains moyens étaient supérieurs de ls. 2d.
par semaine a ceux des relevés ci-contre. — The figures for cotton are based on a small number of establishments; more complete returns collected in October 1928, 1931 and 1935 showed that average
earnings at these dates were about ls. 2d. per week higher than those shown by the monthly returns in
this table.
s Y compris la rubrique « non spécifié ». — Including also the group : " not specified ".
* Non compris la branche • tapis de laine •. — Excluding the " Carpet Section ".
SOURCE : Ministry of Labour : The Ministry of Labour Gazette ; 21st Abstract of Labour Statistics (1919-1933).
193 —
GRANDE-BRETAGNE
(fin)
G R E A T BRITAIN
(conci.)
E. Informations du «Ministry of Labour »
E. Information supplied by the Ministry of Labour
Nombres-indices des taux de salaires par semaine et par heure
Index numbers of weekly and hourly rates of wages
Branches d'industrie
Coton
Laine cardée et peignée.
Soie
Jute
Lin. etc
Blanchiment, teinture et
finissage
Nombres-indices à la fln da mois de décembre (Base: 1929 = 100)
Index numbers for end of December (Base: 1929 — 100)
1931 | 1933
1935 | 1936
100
100
100
100
100
100
85.9
94.8
92.5
94.8
92.2
82.7
92.7
91.3
93.0
92.2
82.7
92.7
91.3
94.3
90.1
82.7
92.7
91.4
97.8
92.7
89.3
92.7
91.4
99.7
100
85.9
83.8
84.9
87.6
89.1
Branch of industry
Cotton
Woollen and worsted
Silk
Jute
Flax, etc.
Bleaching, dyeing and
finishing
F. Gains par semaine dans la filature du coton (Lancashire) en 1932
F. Full-lime weekly earnings in the Cotton spinning industry (Lancashire) in 1932
Regions
Filature an renvidage
Mule spinning
Ren videurs
Minders
s.
Ôldham
Manchester
Stockport
Ashton-under-Lyne
d.
75 9
87 0
85 3
72 0
81 9
71 • 7
74 4
Régleurs
Big-piecera
s.
d.
33 0
36 4
27 9
33 2
32 5
30 8
32 10
Aides-flleurs
Little-piecera
s.
d.
23 9
26 6
16 4
23 9
23 10
19 0
23 4
PUeurs au continu
(ring)
Ring-Bpinners
s.
Districts
d.
30 9
30 10
28 7
29 6
31 5
28 11
30 6
Oldham
Rochdale
Bolton
Manchester
Stockport
Ashton-under-Lyne
Bury
SOURCE: Jewkes and Gray: Wages and labour in the Lancashire cotton spinning industry.
vol. n.
13
— 194 —
INDE (Présidence de Bombay)
INDIA (Bombay Presidency)
Enquête du « Labour Office » (décembre 1933)
Enquiry of the Bombay Government Labour Office (December, 1933)
Ahmedabad
Bombar (ville) (town)
Professions et sexe
Nombre
Gains — Earnings
de jourNombre
Nombre
nées de d'ouvriers
travail
occupés
occupés
par mois
Number
Number
par mois
par jour
Number
of workers
of work- of workers
employed per day per month ing days employed
(morth)
Coto n
Rs. a. p.
Etireurs, H . (6). . . 1,303
Bancbrocheurs
en gros, H . (b) . .
631
E t i r e u r s intermédiaires, H . (6) . . 1,077
Boudineurs
(un banc), H . (b) . 1,580
Boudineurs (doublebanc), H . (a), (b) .
253
Fileurs au continu
(un banc), H . e t F . ( a ) 7,833
Fileurs au continu
(dble-banc), H . F . (a) 1,088
«Tarwallas», H. et F.(a) 2,340
R a t t a c n . , H . et F . (a) 6,625
Dévideurs (gris), F . (b) 4,565
» (couleurs), F . (b) 2,577
Dévideurs, F . (b) . . 5,294
Tisseurs (2 métiers),
H. (b)
17,408
Tisseurs (4 métiers),
H. (b)
1,453
Ensemble des ouvriers, H. et F . .
— Cotton
(filatu re et tissage)
*
par Jour
par Jour
Daily
earnings
Daily
earnings
and
weaving)
E s . a. p.
Rs. a. p .
(spinning
Rs. a. p .
Sholapor
|
Occupation
and sex
1
2 8 27
2 4 23.3
1,027
1
3 11 0 12 11 Drawing tenters, M.(b)
1
3 10 28
7 2 23.0
572
1
5 11 0 14 8 Slubbing tenters, 51. (b
1
3 2 27
4 6
777
1
22.8
1
2 4 25 13 7
22.6
1
9 5 35
22.1
1,845
1
3 3 22.9
9,099
1
29 13 6 23.0
19 1 0 23.1
16 1 10 23.7
16 5 8 24.2
18 0 10 21.7
15 14 7 23.2
7,115
2,406
1,500
1,697
0 14 10 21
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
4 9
13 2
10 10
10 10
13 4
110
8 10 38
2 11 1 69
1
1 2
2 4
1 1 24.6
4 4
*
*
532
*
1
0
0
0
0
22,5501 1
25.7
*
*
*
1
5 11 0 13 2 I n t e r tenters, M. (6)
Roving frame tenters
(one frame), M. (b)
* 0 12 3 Roving
frame tenters
3 1
(two
frame), M. (b)
* Siders (single
side),
0 iO 0 10 7
M. and F . (a)
Siders (double side),
8 0
M. and F . (a)
*8 0 "Tarwallas",M.a.F.(u)
0
*
1 1 7 0 7 3 Doffers, M. and F . (a)
10 11 0 4 11 Grey winders, F . (b)
12 11 0 6 4 Colour winders, F . (b)
12 2 0 5 6 Reelers, F . (b)
Weavers (two looms),
14 H i 1 8 0
M. (b)
Weavers (four looms),
M. (b)
*
*
6 0 0 12 0
All workers,
M. a n d F .
(a) Ouvriers au temps. — Time workers.
(6) Ouvriers aux pièces. — Piece workers.
i En général. — In general.
SOURCE: Bombay Government Labour Office: Wages and Unemployment in the Bombay Cotton Textile
Industry.
— 195 —
ITALIE
Enquête du ministère des Corporations (mai 1929)
Enquiry of the Ministry of Corporations (May 1929)
Gaina — Earnings
Nombre de travailleras coaverta
Number of
workers covered
Branches on professioni
(et sexe)
Hammel
Femmes
Males
Females
Par
heure
Par jour
Per
Fer day
hour
Non • Non
Y
comp. compris compris
excl.
excl.
incl.
paiements pour heures
supplémentaires
payments for overtime
préparaloires,
eoíonColli(t.opérations
n
(preparing , spinning,
Lires
Opérations préparât. :
cardage et battage .
étirage et bancs à
broche
Filature :
selfacting .
. . .
ring
autres départ. . .
Retordage
Tissage :
opér. prép. (ourdissage excl.) . . .
ourdissage . . . .
tisseurs, H . i . . .
F. i . . .
autres ouvriers,
H. et F . 2 . . .
5,196
Lires
% oí wor Eers
workin
;
plus
de
de
less
8 b.
8 h.
more
than
8 b.
Rapport
des heures
supplémentaires
au total
des heures
normales
effectuées
Overtime
% of
normal
hours
worked
Lires
12.19
%
%
%
%
11.9 87.8 0.3
2.5
15.0 84.7 0.3
1.4
2,628
1,255 1.78 14.17 14.52
1,826 26,102 1.39 11.07 .11.21
2,117 12,074 1.46 11.54 11.79
632 12,471 1.35 10.71 10.91
14.8
15.0
15.1
10.9
83.7
84.8
84.6
88.9
1.5
0.2
0.3
0.3
2.5
1.2
1.9
1.6
10.54
12.89
17.67
11.99
2.5
2.3
0.8
3.5
97.0
96.7
99.2
96.1
0.5
1.0
0.0
0.3
2.4
2.0
0.5
0.9
12.33
3.9 •95.9 0.2
2.5
19.01
0.2 99.8 0.0
8.6
13.51
7.0 92.6 0.4
2.3
1,734
H5
4,039
18,873 1.28 10.23
4,027 1.57 12.59
17.55
* 2.19
1.48 11.85
•
5,726 60,467 1.49 11.91
Teinture et blanchi12,424
ment
12,252
3,439 2.13 17.06
Ensemble des
branches s . 56,507 173,008 1.64 13.07
Branch or occupaUon
(and sex)
weaving and
finishing)
1,295 2.03 16.11' 16.59
978 16,854 1.51 11.99
% des travallleurs
occnpéi s
ITALY
Preparing:
Carding a. scutching
Drawing and
slubbing
Spinning:
Self-acting
Ring
Other depts.
Doubling
Weaving:
Preparing (excl.
warping)
Warping
Weavers, M. 1
F. 1
Other workers,
M. and F . 2
Bleaching a n d
dyeing
All branches '
Laine care ée et p eignée (opéra lions p repárale ires, filatu re, ti ssage et finissage)
Woo Hen an d worsted (pr eparing , spinn ing, weavi ng an d finishing)
L a v a g e et carbonisaWashing and carbontion
1,174
423 1.96 15.72 16.85 0.0 99.9 0.1
5.0
ising
Laine peignée:
Worsted :
peignage
1,424 1.76 14.08 14.44 0.0 100.0 0.0
1.6
Combing
698
prép. filature . . .
Preparing
157
3,239 1.56 12.43 12.86 1.8 98.2 0.0
2.8
filature
Spinning
1,990
4,420 1.63 13.03 13.33 2.2 97.8 0.0
1.8
Laine cardée:
Wool:
cardage
941 2.15 17.23 17.95 1.8 98.1 0.2
2,432
3.3
Carding
filature
4,365
1,866 1.67 13.35 13.67 1.7 98.3 0.0
1.8
Spinning
Retordage
155
4,476 1.50 12.01 12.38 1.1 98.8 0.1
2.3
Twisting
Other depts.
Autres départ, (fila(spinning)
ture)
1,301
1,959 1.79 14.35 15.00 0.2 99.8 0.0
3.5
Weaving:
Tissage :
*
Weavers, M. »
2.9
tisseurs, H . i . . . 5,369
2.35 18.81 19.47 0.2 99.7 0.1
F. 1
•
F. i . . .
* 12,372 1.88 15.07 15.27 0.3 99.3 0.4 1.1
Other workers,
autres ouvriers,
M.
and
F.2
H. et F . a. . . . 1,270
2.7
5,603 1.58 12.64 13.08 0.5 99.1 0.4
Finishing
Finissage
3.5
2,316
6,450 1.75 13.99 14.61 0.8 98.9 0.3
Dyeing
6.5
Teinture
1,984
630 2.05 16.39 17.73 0.0 99.9 0.1
E n s e m b l e des
branches s. 30,150 45,683 1.90 15.23
15.75
0.8
98.0 0.2
2.7
All branches a
1 Apprentis exclus. — Excluding apprentices.
2 Apprentis inclus. — Including apprentices.
s Y compris divers départements ne figurant pas dans le tableau et en particulier les services
administratifs et commerciaux. — Including various departments not given in the table, and in particular
the administrative and commercial branches.
196
ITALIE (suite)
ITALY (cont.)
Statistique périodique de la Confédération générale fasciste des industries
Periodical Statistics of the General Fascist Confederation of Industries
Nombre moyen
d'ouvriers
occupes
Nombre m o y e n
d'heures effeC'
tuéeB p a r mois
Average number Average hourly Average a c t u a l
hours of work
earnings
of workers
(monUi)
employed
Branches
Gains moyens
p a r heure
Branch
a ) S e p t e m b r e 1 9 2 9 — (a) S e p t e m b e r 1 9 2 9
Lire
I n d u s t r i e textile et de l'habil557,508
1.63.
Textiles and clothing
178
¿>) S e p t e m b r e 1 9 3 3 — (b) S e p t e m b e r 1 9 3 3
141,857
66,490
51,915
21,549
24,271
17,858
Coton
Laine
F i l a t u r e et dévidage de la soie
Tissage de la soie
Lin, chanvre, j u t e
Fibres textiles artificielles . .
1.33
1.67
0.75
1.42
1.17
1.69
c) A o û t 1 9 3 5 —
Coton
Laine
F i l a t u r e et dévidage de la soie
Tissage de la soie
Lin, chanvre, j u t e . . . ' . .
Fibres textiles artiflcielles . .
130,581
66,814
23,599
20,028
25,567
22,872
179
190
172
168
187
180
Cotton
Wool
Silk spinning and reeling
Silk weaving
Flax, h e m p , j u t e
Artiflcial textiles
(c) A u g u s t 1 9 3 5
1.39
1.57
0.77
1.47
1.23
1.63
Cotton
Wool
Silk spinning and reeling
Silk weaving
Flax, hemp, jute
Artificial textiles
130
156
131
128
135
166
SOURCES: Ministero delle Corporazioni: I salari nelle industrie negli anni 1929 e 1930.
Confederazione generale fascista dell'industria italiana: Bollettino di notizie economiche.
Statistique périodique du Ministère des Corporations, 1929-1935
Periodical Statistics of the Ministry of Corporations, 1929-1935
Pourcentage des ouvriers a y a n t travaillé p a r semaine, en
Percentage of workers working weekly i n :
I n d u s t r i e s e t branches
Sept. 1929
Sept. 1933
- 4 7 . 9 h . 4S.0 h. 4S.1 h . - —<7.9h.
Laine . . . .
Soie: dévidage
filature .
tissage .
Soie artificielle
Lin et c h a n v r e .
Jute
9.1
13.9
•
1.0
8.4
6.5
36.7
3.3
83.6
71.6
*
78.0
86.8
84.8
50.6
71.1
7.3
14.5
23.4
19.5
*
*
21.0
4.8
8.7
12.7
25.6
9.2
26.8
32.3
44.7
19.3
Août 1935 — A u g u s t 1935
Industry and branch
40.0 h.- 45.0h.48.1 h . 48.0 h . 48.1 h . - - 3 9 . 9 h.
44.9 h . 48.0 h .
74.6
66.2
*
89.9
69.9
64.9
50.4
63.4
2.0
14.3
*
0.9
3.3
2.8
4.9
17.3
38.8
42.4
27.4
33.5
34.3
34.1
26.8
38.5
51.4
32.1
60.6
47.1
48.0
51.7
55.8
35.7
SOURCE: Istituto Centrale di Statistica: Bollettino mensile di statistica.
8.9
21.6
11.8
19.4
16.0
11.4
14.8
23.5
0.9
3.9
0.2
0
1.7
2.8
2.6
2.3
Cotton
Wool
Silk: Reeling
Spinning
Weaving
Artificial silk
F l a x and hemp
Jute
— 197 —
Salaires moyens et heures de travail effectuées ( suite)
JAPON
JAPAN
Statistique périodique de la Banque du Japon
Periodical Statistics of the Bank of Japan
Gains 2 — Earnings 2
Nombre
d'ouvriers
couverts 1
Number
oí workers
covered 1
p a r heure 3
per hour 3
p a r Jour — per day
Hommes
Femmes
Males
Females
Nombre
de
Heures de
journées
travail
de
travail
effectuées
effectuées
par jour
par mois
Actual
Number
hours of
of days
work per
worked
day
per
month
Yen
Coton: filature. . . 179,686 0.158
Soie: filature et dévidage
137,119 0.092
Retordage (en général)
6,185 0.117
Tissage (en général). 133,177 0.147
Teinture et finissage. 21,352 0.144
Ensemble * . 515,974
0.142
Yen
Yen
Yen
0.076
1.384
0.671
8.78
26.7
0.063
0.922
0.627
10.02
27.7
Cotton spinning
Silk spinning and
reeling
0.061
0.071
0.066
1.165
1.457
1.533
0.609
0.707
0.701
9.97
9.90
10.65
27.5
27.0
27.5
Twisting (general)
Weaving (general)
Dyeing and finishing
0.068
1.393
0.672
9.83
27.2
All groups *
b) Septembre 1935 — (b) September 1935
Ensemble
4
. 605,524
0.149
0.074
1.324
0.652
8.87
26.9
0.091
0.063
0.912
0.638
10.05
28.2
Cotton spinning
Silk spinning and
reeling
0.110
0.141
0.131
111
ooo
Coton: filature. . . 215,505
Soie: filature et dévidage
131,839
7,718
Tissage (en général). 158,094
30,287
Teinture et finissage.
1.092
1.397
1.400
0.619
0.698
0.688
9.97
9.92
10.65
28.1
27.8
27.6
Twisting (general)
Weaving (general)
0.134
0.068
1.321
0.665
9.85
27.7
All groups *
Coton: filature. . . 216,390
Soie: fllature et dé124,342
vidage
7,845
Tissage (en général). 161,406
33,582
Teinture et finissage.
0.147
0.074
1.306
0.657
8.90
26.7
0.092
0.064
0.925
0.641
10.02
28.1
0.116
0.137
0.131
0.064
0.071
0.068
1.161
1.363
1.384
0.640
0.702
0.718
9.98
9.92
10.57
28.3
27.3
. 27.5
Ensemble * . 619,206
0.132
0.068
1.305
0.669
9.85
27.5
Cotton spinning
Silk spinning and
reeling
Twisting (general)
Weaving (general)
All groups *
i Portée générale de l'enquête: la portée des diverses données (taux, gains, durée) variant légèrement.
— Numbers representing the general scope of the enquiry; the scope of the separate data (rates, earnings,
hours) varies slightly.
2 Y compris la valeur de la nourriture dans la filature de la soie et le tissage (en général), mais non
compris les autres allocations en nature et les primes périodiques. — Including value of food in silk spinning
and weaving (general), but excluding other payments in kind and periodical bonuses.
3 Chiffres calculés par le Bureau international du Travail en divisant les gains par jour par les heures
effectuées. — Figures calculated by the International Labour Office by dividing earnings per day by actual
hours per day.
* Y compris le tricotage, et les textiles divers ne figurant pas au tableau. — Including knitting and other
textiles not given in the table.
SOURCE : Banque du Japon : Statistics 0/ Factory Labour.
— 198 —
JAPON (suite)
JAPAN (com.)
Statistique périodique du Bureau de statistique du, Cabinet impérial
Periodical Statistics of the Bureau of Statistics of the Imperial Cabinet
A. Différentes branches de l'industrie textile. —- Various textile branches
OainB par Jour -- Daily earnings
Hommes — Maies
Femmes — Females
de plus
de moins
de moins de plus
de 16 ans de 16 ans
de 16 ans de 16 ans
Total
Total
under
over
under
over
16 years 16 yeare
16 years 16 years
Branches
a) s e p t e m b r e 1 9 2 9
Coton:
filature. .
tissage . .
L a i n e : tissage . .
Soie: dévidage. .
filature
. .
tissage. . .
C h a n v r e : filature
tissage .
Retordage (coton,
soie et chanvre)
Blanchiment . .
Total
(hommes
et femmes)
(males and
females)
Branch
— (a) September 1 929
Yen
Yen
Yen
Yen
Yen
Yen
Yen
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
0.899
0.674
0.921
0.442
0.909
0.701
0.719
0.810
1.617
1.493
1.952
1.005
1.651
1.533
2.029
1.541
1.606
1.414
1.943
0.941
1.622
1.499
1.946
1.477
0.827
0.661
0.757
0.492
0.728
0.722
0.814
0.645
1.132
1.006
1.096
0.781
0.959
0.977
1.135
1.006
1.056
0.926
0.987
0.697
0.891
0.914
1.093
0.960
1.174
1.044
1.261
0.718
1.111
1.038
1.420
1.163
.
.
0.717
0.857
1.340
1.772
1.328
1.751
0.627
0.704
0.944
1.382
0.876
1.244
0.966
1.438
Cotton spinning
»
weaving
Wool weaving
Silk reeling
• spinning
• weaving
H e m p spinning
•
weaving
Cotton, silk and
h e m p twisting
Bleaching
b) Septembre 193 3 — (b) September 1933
Coton:
filature. . .
tissage . . .
L a i n e : filature. . .
tissage . . .
Soie: dévidage. . .
filature
. . .
tissage. . . .
C h a n v r e : filature .
tissage. .
Retordage (en gê- 0
Blanchiment, teint u r e et impression
0.542
0.458
0.647
0.631
0.298
0.609
0.444
0.671
0.541
1.393
1.287
2.055
1.929
0.753
1.401
1.199
1.942
1.294
1.387
1.256
2.051
1.919
0.713
1.396
1.160
1.898
1.278
0.500
0.492
0.697
0.514
0.320
0.427
0.417
0.610
0.545
0.723
0.736
0.901
0.989
0.490
0.618
0.687
0.920
0.783
0.663
0.675
0.859
0.886
0.450
0.555
0.631
0.866
0.766
0.775
0.788
1.162
1.106
0.471
0.711
0.741
1.153
0.914
Cotton spinning
»
weaving
Wool spinning
» weaving
Silk reeling
» spinning
» weaving
H e m p spinning
»
weaving
Twisting (general)
Bleaching, dyeing,
printing
' 0.572
1.309
1.288
0.504
0.604
0.580
0.720
0.636
1.891
1.850
0.603
1.194
1.016
1.390
e) Ì Septembre
193 5 — (e) September 1<335
filature. . .
tissage . . .
tissage . . .
filature
. . .
tissage . . .
tissage. .
Blanchiment, teint u r e et impression
0.573
0.478
0.774
0.650
0.314
0.720
0.453
0.692
0.467
1.402
1.148
1.730
1.795
0.767
1.253
1.157
1.722
0.972
1.390
1.105
1.683
1.763
0.734
1.243
1.103
1.674
0.933
0.547
0.477
0.537
0.516
0.317
0.514
0.470
0.584
0.447
0.713
0.701
0.818
0.930
0.505
0.650
0.738
0.811
0.658
0.661
0.642
0.722
0.819
0.460
0.598
0.677
0.766
0.610
0.759
0.740
0.961
1.042
0.482
0.710
0.769
0.982
0.688
Cotton spinning
»
weaving
Wool spinning
» weaving
Silk reeling
» spinning
» weaving
H e m p spinning
•
weaving
0.503
1.242
1.183
0.428
0.670
0.613
0.718
0.536
1.464
1.427
0.530
0.910
0.795
1.140
Twisting (general)
Bleaching, dyeing,
printing
Coton:
0.595
0.491
0.799
0.679
0.311
0.659
0.485
0.673
0.496
1.380
1.176
1.716
1.983
0.810
1.167
1.115
1.679
0.985
1.365
1.123
1.650
1.951
0.777
1.152
1.073
1.637
0.913
0.541
0.481
0.533
0.538
0.330
0.523
0.474
0.618
0.452
0.712
0.722
0.763
0.909
0.506
0.635
0.738
0.862
0.729
0.658
0.660
0.666
0.807
0.463
0.587
0.675
0.813
0.677
0.745
0.757
0.895
1.061
0.492
0.696
0.761
1.001
0.737
0.508
1.200
1.161
0.452
0.693
0.642
0.741
0.588
1.550
1.503
0.552
0.943
0.832
1.206
Coton:
d) Juin 193 6 — {d) June 1936
filature. . .
tissage . . .
tissage . . .
filature
. . .
tissage. . . .
tissage
Retordage (en géBlanchiment, teinture et impression
'
Cotton spinning
»
weaving
Wool spinning
» weaving
Silk reeling
> spinning
» weaving
H e m p spinning
»
weaving
Twisting (general)
Bleaching, dyeing,
printing
— 199 —
JAPAN (conci.)
JAPON (fin)
Statistique périodique du Bureau de statistique du Cabinet impérial
Periodical Statistics of the Bureau of Statistics of the Imperial Cabinet
B. Ensemble de l'industrie textile
N'ombre d'ouvriers
converts
Number of workers
covered
Heures de
travail
effectuées
par
ouvrier
par ¡oui
Actual
Gains par jour -— Daily earnings
Hommes — Malea
de moins de plus
de 16 ans de 16 ans
over
under
16 years 16 years
Hommes Femmes
Females
Males
All textiles
Yen
1929: Septembre 28,297 102,734 0.689
1933:
25,453 107,899 0.471
1935:
29,648 120,001 0.513
1936: Juin . . .
*
* 0.550
S O U R C E : Cabinet impérial: Rodo Tokei
Total
Femmes — Females
de moins de plus
de 16 ans de 16 ans
ander
over
J.6 years 16 years
Total
Yen
Yen
Yen
Yen
Yen
1.629
1.442
1.339
1.354
1.609
1.416
1.307
1.320
0.687
0.456
0.487
0.505
1.001
0.693
0.688
0.705
0.919
0.634
0.632
0.646
Nombre
de
journées
de travail
effectuées
par mois
Number of
days
hours of
worked
work
per day per month
9.83
9.58
9.65
9.60
28.1
27.3
27.8
26.7
1929: September
1933:
»
1935:
»
1936: J u n e
Geppo.
Statistique périodique de la Chambre de commerce et d'industrie de Tokio
Periodical statistics of the Tokyo Chamber of Commerce and Industry
Gains moyens par Jour (en yen)
Average daily wages (in Yen)
Sept. 1929 |3ept. 1933 |Scpt. 1935 Sept. 1936
Branches et professions
Coton: flleuses
tisseuses (machine)
Soie: dêvideuses
tisseuses (main)
.
. . .
1.43
0.83
1.08
0.89
1.66
0.83
0.72
0.71
0.84
1.34
0.86
0.70
0.73
0.81
1.43
0.83
0.70
0.71
0.76
1.42
Branches aod occupations
Cotton: Spinners, F .
Weavers (machine), F .
Silk: Reelers, F .
Throwers, F .
Weavers (hand), F .
S O U R C E : The Tokyo Chamber of Commerce and I n d u s t r y : The Monthly
Conditions.
Report on Current
Economic
POLAND
POLOGNE
Statistique périodique de l'Office central de statistique, 1924-1936
Periodical Statistics of the Central Office of Statistics, 1924-1936
Heures effectuées
par ouvrier et par semaine
Actual hours of work
per worker per week
1929:
1933:
1935:
1936:
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
SOURCE : Office central de s t a t i s t i q u e — Central Office of Statistics: Wiadomosci
statistiques.
42.8
42.2
41.5
40.9
Statystyczne,
Informations
— 200 —
POLOGNE (suite)
POLAND (com.)
Statistique périodique de l'Office central de statistique
Periodical Statistics of the Central Office of Statistics
Sexe
Nombre
d'ouvriers
couverte
Number
of workers
covered
Gains moyens
Average earnings
par heure
per hour
par semaine
per week
Heures
de travail
effectuées
par semaine '
Actual hours
of work
per week
Sei
a) A o û t 1 9 3 3 — (a) A u g u s t 1 9 3 3
Industrie
Ensemble ( H . et F . ) 2 . .
textile en général —• All
Zl.
Zl.
54,342
66,002
0.78
0.56
33.75
23.14
43.3.
41.3
121,165
0.66
27.85
42.2
Filature et tissage -— Spinning
Ensemble ( H . et F.) 2 . .
textiles
Adult males
»
females
All males and females 2
and weaving
46,846
59,330
0.77
0.57
33.44
23.24
43.4
40.8
106,801
0.66
27.68
41.9
Ad. males
» females
b) A o û t 1 9 3 5 — (b) A u g u s t 1 9 3 5
Industrie
Ensemble ( H . et F . ) 2 . .
textile en général — All
textiles
60,625
72,912
0.77
0.56
33.06
22.12
42.9
39.5
134,663
0.66
26.99
40.9
Ad. males
• females
Filature et tissage — S p i n n i n g and weaving
E n s e m b l e ( H . et F . ) 2 . .
50,670
63,089
0.77
0.57
32.76
22.25
42.5
39.0
114,569
0.66
26.86
40.7
Ad. males
• females
1 Chiffres calculés par le Bureau international du Travail en divisant les gains par semaine par les
gains par heure. — Figures calculated by the International Labour Office by dividing weekly earnings by
hourly earnings.
2 Y compris les jeunes gens. — Including juveniles.
— 201 —
Salaires moyens et heures de travail effectuées (saite)
POLOGNE (fin)
POLAND (conci.)
Statistique périodique de l'Office central dé statistique
Periodical Statistics of the Central Office of Statistics
Dispersion des salaires — Distribution of v a g e s
Pourcentage dee ouvriers d o n t le gain hebdomadaire est d e zlotys
Percentage of workers with weekly earnings (zlotys) of
Sexe
Gains p a r
semaine
Sei
Jusqu'à
up to:
9.99
10.0019.99
20.0029.99
30.0039.99
40.0049.99
50.0059.99
60.0069.99
70.00
et plus
Earnings
p e r week
and
over
a) A o û t 1 9 3 3 — (a) A u g u s t 1 9 3 3
Industrie
textile
(en général)
— All
textiles
Zlotys
H o m m e s ad. . . .
F e m m e s ad. . . .
Ensemble (H. e t F . )
2.2
5.1
12.5
31.2
33.1
46.1
26.9
14.8
13.3
2.4
5.4
0.3
2.8
0.1
3.8
0.0
33.75
23.14
3.9
23.0
40.1
20.2
7.2
2.6
1.3
1.7
27.85
et tissage — Spinning
and
weaving
Filature
Hommes ad. . . .
Femmes ad. . . .
Ensemble(H. etF.)
li
12.7
30.3
33.1
47.3
27.2
15.0
13.3
2.2
5.3
0.3
2.6
0.1
3.5
0.0
33.44
23.24
3.8
22.8
40.9
20.3
7.0
2.5
1.2
1.5
27.68
Ad. Males
Ad. Females
All M. a n d F . .
Ad. Males
Ad. Females
All M. a n d F .
6) A o û t 1 9 3 5 — (b) A u g u s t 1 9 3 5
Industrie
textile
(en général)
— Ali textiles
H o m m e s ad. . . .
F e m m e s ad. . . .
1.8
4.4
14.3
37.0
33.9
44.5
26.7
11.7
13.5
2.0
4.3
0.3
2.2
0.1
3.3
0.0
33.06
22.12
E n s e m b l e (H. e t F . )
3.4
27.0
39.5
18.4
7.1
2.1
1.0
1.5
26.99
Filature et tissage — Spinning
and
weaving
H o m m e s ad. . . .
F e m m e s ad. . . .
Ensemble ( H . e t F . )
1.7
3.8
14.7
36.6
33.9
45.6
26.8
11.9
13.8
1.9
4.1
0.2
2.0
0.0
8:8
32.76
22.25
2.9
27.0
40.3
18.4
7.2
1.9
0.9
1.4
26.86
Ad. Males
Ad. Females
All M. a n d F .
Ad. Males
Ad. Females
i Y compris les jeunes gens. — Including juveniles.
SOUHCE:
Offlce central de statistique de la République polonaise: Statysiyka Pracy.
All M. a n d F .
— 202 —
SUÈDE
SWEDEN
Statistique périodique du Bureau de statistique sociale
Periodical Statistics of the Bureau of Social Statistics
Gaina moyens — Average earnings
Nombre
par
par année —-per year
d'ouvrière par heure — per hour par Jour
semaine
couverts
non
non
y
y
per day
per
week
Number
compris
compris
compris
compris
of workers excluding
including y compria — Including excluding including
covered
paiements supplémentaires * — suppléments '
Sexe
Sex
(a) 1929
Textile en général
H o m m e s ad.
F e m m e s ad.
. . .
. . .
10,786
14,960
(filature
et tissage)
— All textiles
(spinning
and
Kr.
Kr.
Kr.
Kr.
Kr.
Kr.
o.ss
0.92
0.64
7.56
5.08
*
1,988
1,378
2,129
1,417
0.63
weaving)
Ad. males
Ad. females
Ensemble (H. et P.)2 29,245
*
*
Coton (filature et tissage)
Hommes ad.
. . .
4,970
0.86
0.90
Femmes ad.
. . .
5,897
0.62
0.63
5.83
1,551
*
— Cotton (spinning and
*
7.33
1,906
*
4.95
1,312
All M. and F . 2
1,625
weaving)
Ad. males
2,066
1,354
Ad. females
Ensemble (H. et F.)2 12,513
*
*
Laine (filature et tissage)
Hommes ad. . . .
3,242
0.91
0.94
Femmes ad.
. . .
4,055
0.62
0.60
5.74
1,501
*
— Wool (spinning and
*
7.76
2,060
*
5.03
1,366
All M. and F . 2
1,583
weaving)
2.192 Ad. males
1,412
Ad. females
Ensemble ( H . et F.)2 8,074
*
*
Lin, chanvre, jute (filature et tissage)
Hommes ad.
. . .
1,096
0.83
0.88
Femmes ad.
. . .
1,652
0.61
0.62
All M. and F . 2
1,597
1,676
5.95
*
— Flax, hemp, jute (spinning and weaving)
*
1,995
Ad. males
7.45
1,861
*
1,366
Ad. females
5.14
1,337
Ensemble (H. etF.)2 3,143
5.80
*
*
*
Blanchiment,
teinture et finissage — Bleaching,
*
Hommes ad.
. . .
418
0.87
7.37
0.90
*
Femmes ad.
. . .
178
0.62
0.64
5.22
Ensemble ( H . et F.)2
623
*
*
6.53
*
1,451
dyeing
2,003
1,477
1,815
All M. and F . 2
1,521
and finishing
2,120
Ad. males
Ad. females
1,506
1,902
AU M. and F . 2
(b) 1933
Textile en général (filature
H o m m e s ad.
. . . 11,348
0.89
Femmes ad.
. . . 16,869
0.63
et tissage) — All textiles (spinning and weaving)
2,115 Ad. males
0.93
7.51
43.73
1,979
1,405
Ad. females
0.64
1,354
5.10
30.28
*
*
Hommes ad. . . .
4,767
0.87
0.92
Femmes ad.
. . .
5,780
0.63
0.65
5.86
— Cotton
7.33
5.08
34.43
1,546
(spinning and
44.77
1,956
1,334
31.76
All M. and F . 2
1,626
weaving)
Ad. males
2,096
Ad. females
1,381
Ensemble (H. et F.)» 11,661
*
*
Laine (filature et tissage)
3,547
Hommes ad. . . .
0.89
0.92
4,602
0.62
Femmes ad.
. . .
0.61
5.89
— Wool
7.56
5.08
36.19
1,552
(spinning and
1,972
43.93
1,342
29.60
All M. and F . a
1,633
weaving)
2,115 Ad. males
Ad. females
1,405
5.96
*
*
Lin, chanvre, jute (filature et tissage) — Flax,
0.87
0.91
7.22
Hommes ad.
. . .
866
Femmes ad.
. . .
0.64
0.65
5.00
1,238
*
Blanchiment,
teinture
H o m m e s ad. . . .
493
0.88
Femmes ad.
. . .
217
0.61
Ensemble ( H . et F.)2
751
*
AU M. and F . 2
1,656
34.69
1,563
hemp, jute (spinning and weaving)
Ad. males
41.32
1,969
1,840
1,357
Ad. females
28.84
1,316
5.76
33.13
*
et finissage — Bleaching,
0.93
7.48
43.56
0.63
4.66
27.46
*
6.56
37.83
1,492
dyeing
1,940
1,283
1,726
All M. and F . 2
1,565
and finishing
Ad. males
2,086
Ad. females
1,340
1,839
All M. and F . 2
i Paiements pour le travail supplémentaire, valeur des allocations en nature, etc. — Payments for
overtime, value of allowances in kind, etc.
2 y compris les jeunes gens. — Including juveniles.
— 203 —
SUÈDE (suite)
SWEDEN (cont.)
Statistique périodique du Bureau de statistique sociale
Periodical statistics of the Bureau of Social Statistics
Gains moyens — Average earnings
par
par jour
semaine par année — per year
per day per week
non
non
y
y
Number
oí workers compris
compris y compris — including compris
compria
covered excluding including
excluding including
paiements supplémentaires ' — supplements '
Nombre
d'ouvrière par heure — per hour
couverts
(c) 1935
Textile en général (filature el tissage) — Ali textile (spinning and -weaving)
H o m m e s ad. . . .
13,103
F e m m e s ad
18,465
Ensemble ( H . et F.)2 35,211
0.90
0.64
0.93
0.65
*
*
43.36
29.58
33.71
7.54
5.18
5.89
2,020
1,420
1,594
2,152
1,466
1,669
Men
Women
All workers
(M.andF.) 2
Colon (filature el tissage) — Cotton (spinning and weaving)
6,362
Hommes ad. . . .
Femmes ad.
. . .
7,096
Ensemble (H. et F.)* 15,086
0.89
0.65
0.92
0.66
*
*
42.67
29.45
33.98
7.44
5.23
6.00
Laine (filature et tissage) — Wool
Hommes ad. . . .
3,184
0.92
7.49
0.88
Femmes ad
4,144
0.61
0.62
5.03
5.87
*
*
Lin, chanvre et jute (filature et tissage) — Flax,
0.92
Hommes ad. . . .
1,001
0.88
7.45
Femmes ad
1,312
0.67
0.68
5.45
Ensemble (M. et F.)2 2,554
6.09
*
*
1,993
1,413
1,608
Men
Women
All workers
(M. and F.) :
2,124
1,457
1,685
(spinning and weaving)
42.91
28.39
33.33
1,992
1,357
1,570
2,139
1,415
1,661
Men
Women
All workers
(M. and F.) '•
hamp and jute (spinning and weaving)
42.15
1,964
2,095 Men
Women
30.41
1,477
1,515
All workers
33.96
1,618
1,690
(M. and F.) :
Blanchiment, teinture et finissage — Bleaching, dyeing and finishing
0.92
Hommes ad. . . .
546
0.87
7.62
46.29
1,957
2,151
Men
Women
Femmes ad
308
0.60
0.62
4.99
27.97
1,341
1,397
All workers
Ensemble (M. et F.)«
916
6.58
38.62
1,689
1,847
*
*
(M. and F.) 2
1 Paiements pour le travail supplémentaire, valeur des allocations en nature, etc.
overtime, value of allowances in kind, etc.
2 Y compris les jeunes gens. — Including young persons.
SOURCE: K . Socialstyrelsen: Lönestatisiisk Arsbok /or Sverige.
Payments for
Statistique périodique de l'Administration du Travail et de la Prévoyance sociale,
1933-1935
Periodical Statistics of the Social Board, 1933-1935
Heures effectuées
par ouvrier et par semaine
Actual hours
per worker per week
Dates
SOURCE
1933:
1934:
1935:
K. Socialstyrelsen: Sodala
Nov
Nov
Nov
Meddelanden.
. .
47.7
47.0
47.2
— 204 —
SUISSE
SWITZERLAND
Statistique périodique de VOffice fédéral de Vindustrie (assurance-accidents)
Periodical Statistics of the Federal Office of Industry (accident-insurance)
Industrie textile en général — All textiles
Nombre de cas couverts par les données
des gains
Number of cases
covered by the data
on earnings
Sexe et qualification
par heure
per hour
par jour
per day
Gains moyens
Average earnings
Sex and category
par heure
per hoar
par jour
per day
(a) 1929
Pr.
H o m m e s adultes : qualifiés et semi-qualifiés.
non qualifiés .
F e m m e s ad. (de 18 ans et plus) .
Jeunes gens (de moins de 18 ans)
1.350
1,111
3,414
1,211
1,871
1,327
4,235
1,468
1.19
1.09
0.77
0.55
Pr.
10.511
9.241
6.531
4.521
Adult males, skilled and semiskilled
»
» unskilled
Ad. females (18 years and over)
Juveniles (under 18)
11.03
9.19
6.42
3.72
Ad. males, skilled and semiskilled
»
• unskilled
10.72
9.25
6.32
3.51
Ad. males, skilled and semiskilled
>
» unskilled
(b) 1933
Hommes ad.: qualifiés et semiqualifiés . . .
non qualifiés . .
Femmes ad. (de 18 ans et plus) .
982
496
2,530
552
317
120
610
101
1.11
1.03
0.72
0.47
(c) 1935
Hommes ad.: qualifiés et semiqualifiés . . .
non qualifiés . .
Femmes ad. (de 18 ans et plus) .
946
575
2,688
609
350
121
566
98
1.08
0.97
0.69
0.45
i Chiffres non exactement comparables à ceux de 1933 et 1935. — Figures not exactly comparable
with those of 1933 and 1935.
SOURCE: Département fédéral de l'Economie publique: La Vie économique.
Statistique périodique de l'Office fédéral de l'industrie, des arts et métiers et du travail,
1933-1934
Periodical Statistics of the Federal Office of Industry, Arts and Handicraft,
and Labour, 1933-1934
Pourcentage des ouvriers a y a n t travaillé par Bemaine p e n d a n t le
P e r c e n t a g e of workerB working weekly, during t h e :
Branches
3™e t r i m e s t r e 1933 •— 3rd q u a r t e r 1933
35.9 h .
48 h .
48.1 h .
3 m « trimestre 1934 — 3rd q u a r t e r 1934
3S.9 h.
36.047.9 h .
48 h .
%
%
%
%
%
%
19.4
48.9
28.6
9.1
18.3
59.8
12.8
9.2
0.4
0
0.4
12.9
4.0
23.7
4.5
73.1
76.1
76.3
19.2
4.8
19.5
0
75.9
3.0
0
0
1.1
26.8
11.7
10.8
17.8
65.7
67.2
89.2
27.2
4.5
21.1
0
53.9
0
27.7
72.3
0
0
20.9
77.5
1.6
SOURCE: Département fédéral de l'Economie publique: La vie économique.
Branches
48.1 h.
3.1
%
Coton
Laine
Toile
Broderie
. . . .
Autres branches
textiles
. . . .
36.047.9 h.
Cotton
Silk and
rayon
Wool
Linen
Embroidery
Other textile "
branches
— 205 —
TCHÉCOSLOVAQUIE
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
A. Statistique périodique de l'Office de statistique
A. Periodical Statistics of the Central Statistical Office
Filatures de coton, Prague —• Cotton spinning, Prague
Taux moyens de salaires
Average rates of wages
Dates
par heure
per hour
1929
1933
1935
1936
Septembre
. .
par semaine
per week
Kc.
Kc.
2.35
2.18
2.18
2.18
112.80
104.64
104.64
104.64
Heures de travail
normales
par semaine
Normal hours
oí work per week
48
48
48
48
Date
1929
1933
1935
1936
Sept.
>
B. Statistique périodique de Vassurance-invalidité et vieillesse
B. Periodical Statistics of the invalidity and old age insurance
Industrie textile et du vêtement — Textiles and clothing
Dates et sexe
Salaire moyen par assuré
par Jour
Average daily wage per
person insured
Date and sex
Kb".
1929:
1933:
SOURCES:
1 e r juillet, E n s e m b l e ( H . et F.)
1 " juillet, H o m m e s
19.98
20.70
14.77
Ensemble ( H . et F.) . .
16.91
1929:
1933:
1st July, all M. and F .
1st July, Males
«
Females
All M. and F .
Office de statistique de la République tchécoslovaque: MiUeilungen des Statistischen Amtes.
206
Salaires moyens et heures de travail effectuées (fin)
Average wages and actual hours of work (conci.)
U.R.S.S.
U.S.S.R.
Statistique périodique de la Direction centrale des statistiques économiques
de la Commission du Plan d'Etat
Periodical Statistics of the Central Direction of Economic Statistics,
State Plan Commission
Gains moyens par jour
Gains moyens par mois
Average daily earnings
Average monthly
eamingB
Awaits
Coton —
1929 1
1933
1935
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
E.
B.
2.60
4.18
6.47
63
104
160
Laine
1929 i . . . .
1933
. . . .
1935
. . . .
1
1.93
3.69
5.38
—•
46
89
129
Years
Cotton
260.02
263.70
258.44
1929 i
1933
1935
266.22
268.12
266.77
1929 i
1933
1935
260.58
270.74
268.25
1929 1
1933
1935
Wool
67
102
150
2.66
4.08
6.09
Lin
1929 i . . . .
1933
. . . .
1935
. . . .
—
Nombre de journées
de travail effectuées
par ouvrier et par an
Number of days
worked per worker
per year
Linen
Salaires moyens des ouvriers et des apprentis. — Average wage for workers and apprentices.
SOURCE: Direction centrale des Statistiques économiques, Commission du Plan d'Etat de l'U.R.S.S.
Le travail en U.R.S.S. Annuaire statistique, 1936.
— 207 —
Partie V. Salaires globaux et valeur de la production
P a r t V. Total wages and value of output
ALLEMAGNE
GERMANY
Statistique de la production — Statistics of production
Branches
Montant
Valeur de la production
global
des salaires
Value of output
Total
amount of
Number of
brate - groas nette - net *
wages
wage earners *
RM. (milliers) — (OOO's omitted)
Nombre
d'ouvriers '
Branch
1928
F i l a t u r e et retordage:
lin
108,491
11,774
10,870
16,102
162,423
14,427
16,105
22,842
9,354
28,439
55,744
16,583
40,559
85,173
91,611
163,364
303,094
677,233
1,203,774
47,902
88,495
452,224
41,675
72,614
226,922
*
101,900
Lavage et peignage de la
F i l a t u r e de laine cardée .
F i l a t u r e de laine peignée .
Tissage:
tissus laine ou mi-laine .
tissus de soie et soie artiFabrication d e la soie artificielle
*
*
*
*
*
1,081,400
*
*
71,868
*
*
181,878
Spinning and twisting:
cotton
flax
hemp
jute
Wool washing and combing
Woollen spinning
Worsted spinning
Weaving :
woollen and half-woollen
cloth
silk and artificial silk
cloth
• Artificial silk manufacturing
1933
Filature et retordage:
lin
chanvre
89,292
7,216
9,428
8,773
106,024
8,525
11,016
10,370
9,041
27,050
45,765
15,994
31,722
61,605
74,327
106,725
169,956
327,907
565,316
34,800
51,920
235,330
22,470
39,247
141,553
Lavage et peignage de la
F i l a t u r e de laine cardée .
Filature de laine peignée .
Tissage:
tissus laine ou mi-laine .
tissus de soie et soie artificielle
Fabrication de la soie artificielle
*
*
*
*
•
543,700
*
51,200
*
*
60,174
*
*
*
104,257
Spinning and twisting:
cotton
flax
hemp
jute
Wool washing and combing
Woollen spinning
Worsted spinning
Weaving:
woollen and half-woollen
cloth
silk and artificial silk
cloth
Artificial silk manufacturing
i Au début de juillet de chaque année. — At beginning of July for each year.
Chiffres calculés par le B.I.T. — Figures calculated by the I.L.O.
SOURCE: Statistisches Reichsamt: Statistisches Jahrbuch für das Deutsche Reich, 1936.
2
AUTRICHE
AUSTRIA
Statistique de Vassurance-accidents — Statistics of accident insurance
Nombre d'unités ouvrières
Années
Number of full-time workers
Montant global
des salaires assurés
Total amount of
Insured wages
Tear
Sch. (miniera) - (OOO's omitted)
1929
1933
62,510
40,216
106,609
68,184
•
1929
1933
SOURCE: Bundesamt für Statistik: Statistisches Handbuch für den Bundesstaat Oesterreich.
— 208 —
Salaires globaux et valeur de la production (suite)
Total wages and value of output (cont.)
CANADA
CANADA
Branches
Nombre moyen des
M o n t a n t global des
Average n u m b e r of
Total a m o u n t oí
ouvriers
employés
salaires
wage
salaried
employees
wageB
earners
meDts
salaries
Value ol o u t p u t
brute
nette
gross
net
Branch
Dollars (milliers) — (OOO's omitted)
1929
Fil de coton
. . . .
Filés et tissus de coton
Filés de laine . . . .
Drap de laine
. . .
Lainages divers . . .
Teinture et finissage .
Textiles divers . . .
678
19,526
431
1,758
3,837
1,037
4,015
102
695
86
67
308
104
357
494
15,059
323
1,132
3,217
901
3,158
196
1,613
150
149
707
278
668
4,322
78,242
2,160
7,027
16,241
6,477
14,476
*286
50
*
*234
*96
2,712
*598
Cotton thread
Cotton textiles
Woollen yarn
Woollen cloth
Woollen goods
Miscellaneous textiles
186
1,108
158
231
890
254
1,309
284
677
3,294
51,180
2,175
7,117
15,893
4,154
22,755
3,175
5,577
2,198
24,723
945
3,283
7,393
2,518
14,959
1,971
3,213
Cotton thread
Cotton textiles
Woollen yarn
Woollen cloth
Woollen goods
3,809
6i,306
2,776
7,874
17,768
5,081
25,879
3,779
6,942
2,202
26,i95
1,148
3,029
7,344
2,749
15,493
2,043
3,516
Cotton thread
Cotton textiles
Woollen yarn
Woollen cloth
Woollen goods
*
2,296
35,108
898
3,065
7,009
3,128
8,385
1933
Fil de coton
. . . .
Cotonnades
Drap de laine
. . .
553
15,529
701
2,212
5,095
869
7,121
732
909
98
566
103
150
447
105
680
132
266
409
10,642
389
1,411
3,581
707
4,830
570
706
1934
Fil de coton
. . . .
Cotonnades
Drap de laine
. . .
Soie et soie artificielle.
530
17 506
"'769
2,292
5,507
980
8,308
792
973
83
ßnn
129
172
472
126
912
148
288
461
À et e n e
1 <.yO I O
447
1,402
3,779
762
5,977
625
823
•1,193
ÍÜÜ
175
299
95-1
272
1,559
306
800
SOURCES: Dominion Bureau of Statistics: The Canada Year Booh, 1932 et 1936; Advance Reporlonihe
Manufacturing Industries of Canada, 1934.
209 —
ESTONIA
ESTONIE
Branches
Montant
Nombre
moyen
global des
Value of output
d'ouvriers
salaires
Average
Total amount brute — gross nette — net
number of
of wages
wage earners
Cour. est. (milliers) — (000 's omitted)
Branch
1929
Filature et tissage de coton
4,969
2,653
18,669
6,345
Cardage et Mature de laine
Fabrication de drap et a p prêt de cotonnades . .
Fabrication de flls à coudre
Travail du lin b r u t . . .
Filature et tissage du lin .
Ateliers de teinture . . .
85
48
382
223
4,496
361
143
4,807
118
2,072
117
38
1,894
88
1,938
42
56
1,902
69
1,161
37
29 '
1,356
54
Cotton spinning and
weaving
Wool carding and spinning
Cloth weaving and cotton
finishing
Thread manufacturing
R a w flax
F l a x spinning and weaving
Dyeing
1933
2,937
1,697
8,406
4,810
Cardage et filature de laine
Fabrication de fils à coudre
Travail du lin b r u t
. . .
Filature et tissage de lin .
142
90
523
224
1,706
42
1,076
36
5,410
585
*
1,799
143
*
*
755
86
3,162
376 .
*
3,011
270
1,634
140
Cotton spinning and
weaving
finishing
R a w flax
Dyeing
1934
3,326
2,113
13,623
7,113
Cardage et filature de laine
Fabrication de Ills à coudre
Travail du lin b r u t . . .
F i l a t u r e et tissage de lin .
154
95
553
174
1,844
41
40
1,742
184
1,196
28
16
833
103
5,963
424
212
3,721
366
3,171
268
72
1,989
170
Cotton spinning and
weaving
finishing
R a w flax
Dyeing
SOURCE: Bureau central de statistique: Eesli Statistiha Kuuhiri, 1931 1935, 1936 (Recueil mensuel).
vol. u. 14
— 210 —
Total wages and value of output (coni.)
ÉTATS-UNIS
UNITED STATES
Nombre des
Number oí
ouvriers'
wage
earners *
employés *
salaried
employees *
Montant global des
Total amount of
appointements
wages
salaries
Value of output
gross
net
Dollars (milliers) -- «MO's omitted)
1929
Cotonnades
(vêtements exclus) . .
Laine cardée . . . .
Laine peignée . . .
F e u t r e (de laine, poil
ou jute)
Jute
Teinture et apprêt. .
424,916
14,094
324,289
41,021 1,524,177 626,148
Cotton goods
15,281
58,474
88,485
130,467
1,330
4,056
5,225
7,851
15,449
66,014
98,138
137,547
4,015
13,815
16,322
23,093
65,170 31,534
290,939 125,057
536,067 199,418
731,200 319,019
5,540
4,931
79,327
637
. 394
10,103
7,531
4,276
94,245
2,506
1,033
31,275
* 45,466 19,242'
9,902
21,870
465,821 230,108
Cotton small wares
Woollen goods
Worsted goods
Felt goods, wool, hair
or j u t e
J u t e goods
textiles
1933
Cotonnades
(vêtements exclus) . .
Laine cardée . . . .
Laine peignée . . .
F e u t r e (de laine, poil
ou jute)
Jute
Teinture et apprêt .
1
379,445
8,866
216,384
15,856
861,170 384,401
Cotton goods
13,237
48,536
78,691
110,322
1,081
2,180
3,266
4,647
10,059
38,721
63,167
74,110
1,744
4,311
6,706
7,976
38,890 21,331
150,197 71,176
307,683 127,200
290,578 146,996
5,048
4,248
66,309
529
298
6,825
4,981
2,563
58,423
1,319
530
13,548
27,583 15,298
12,463
7,651
278,942 136,140
Cotton small wares
Woollen goods
Worsted goods
Felt goods, wool, hair
or j u t e
J u t e goods
textiles
Moyenne annuelle. — Average for the year.
-SOURCE: U.S. D e p a r t m e n t ui Commerce: Bitmiáui
2
A une d a t e donnée. — At one given date.
Census u¡ munuiuoiures,
1923
— 211 —
FRANCE
FRANCE
Statistique de la production, 1930 — Statistics of production, 1930
Branches
Nombre
Montant global dea
d'ouvriers et
Total amount of
Value of output
Baladrea
Average
number of
wage earners
brute
nette
groas
net
wages
Branch
salarles
Fr. (milliers) — (OOO's omitted)
employees
F i l a t u r e d e coton . .
Tissage de coton . . .
Cardage, peignage et
filature de laine . .
Tissage de laine . . .
Filature, dévidage de
soie, moulinage . .
Tissage de soie . . .
Soie artificielle . . . .
Filature de lin et de
chanvre
Tissage de toiles . . .
Blanchisserie,
apprêt,
teinture
Valent de la production
6,957
16,645
44,008
100,856
6,968
13,217
346,731
652,788
113,205
228,080
6,875
15,435
47,273
106,901
11,122
27,713
379,939
716,124
106,933
281,624
3,349
2,883
4,771
16,836
19,173
40,478
3,962
6,739
7,654
131,402
176,630
141,791
50,645
65,411
63,891
1,117
8,186
6,993
50,693
851
11,221
39,268
483,720
10,450
106,171
11,310
96,934
20,374
426,637
235,681
Cotton spinning
Cotton weaving
Wool carding, combing
and spinning
Wool weaving
Silk spinning, reeling
and t h r o w i n g
Silk weaving
Artificial silk
F l a x and hemp spinning
Linen cloth weaving,
Bleaching,
finishing,
dyeing
SOURCE: Statistique générale de la France: Enquête industrielle 1930 (enquêtes annexes du recensement
de 1931).
NOTE. — Cette statistique ne couvre qu'une faible proportion des établissements. — These statistics
cover only a small proportion of the establishments.
GRANDE-BRETAGNE
GREAT BRITAIN
Statistique de la production, 1930 — Statistics of production, 1930
Nombre
moyen
d'ouvriers
Branches
Average
number of
wage earners
Montant
global
des salaires
Tota! amount
of wages
Valem de la production
Value of output
brute
nette
gross
net
Branch
£ (milliers) — (OOO's omitted)
Coton (filature et tissage) .
234,079
19,680
101,467
27,870
Soie et soie artificielle . .
Lin et chanvre
161,294
41,570
7,273
22,997
67,542
14,709
4,453
509
1,754
7,972
85,537
17,859
2,421
7,798
22,657
28,286
7,785
804
2,059
14,496
628,932
' 57,754
282,627
99,498
Apprêt
Ensemble des textiles.
Cotton spinning and
weaving
Woollen and worsted
Silk a n d artificial silk
Linen and hemp
Jute
Textile finishing
All textiles
SOURCE: Board of Trade: Final Report on the Fourth Census of Production fl930>, Part. I. (Basé sur des
rapports couvrant près de 70 pour cent de l'industrie textile. — Based on return covering nearly
70 per cent, of the textile trade.)
HONGRIE
HUNGARY
Années
Nombre dea
Montant global des
Number of
Total amount of
ouvriers '
employés!
salaires
wage
earners '
salaried
employées *
wages
appointements
Balarles
Value of output
brute
nette
gross
net
Year
Fengos (en milliers) — (OOO's omitted)
¡III
42,909
44,622
50,208
2,639
2,589
2,861
49,528
45,004
50,872
11,120
8,972
9,530
405,858
337,683
383,143
170,924
157,836
174,592
Textiles :
1929
1933
1934
i Y compris les contremaîtres; moyenne annuelle. — Including foremen; average for the year.
* Employés de bureau et chefs d'équipe, au 1 " octobre de chaque année. — Office staff and superintendants, at 1st October of each year.
SOURCE: Office central royal hongrois de statistique: Annuaire statistique hongrois, 1929, 1933 et 1934.
— 212 —
JAPAN
JAPON
Nombre
d'ouvriers
Number oí
wage earners
Montant
global des
Value oí output
salaires
Total amount
brute—gross nette — net
of wages
Yen (mullen) — (OOO's omitted)
1930
Coton :
filature
tissage
Laine:
filature
tissage
Soie:
dévidage et retordage .
tissage
Soie artificielle:
fabrication de filés . .
tissage
123,957
116,091
49,605
33,218
453,337
376,870
116,991
112,126
16,621
31,893
6,441
11,894
89,057
121,961
33,809
49,306
380,767
62,816
71,385
14,367
516,887
184,429
123,369
52,814
15,880
21,487
7,249
4,299
49,881
42,313
32,682
Cotton:
spinning
weaving
Wool:
spinning
weaving
Silk:
reeling and twisting
weaving
Artificial silk:
spinning
weaving
1933
Coton :
filature
tissage
Laine :
filature
tissage
Soie:
tissage
Soie artificielle:
tissage
140,274
129,877
34,710
27,526
727,959
569,708
266,512
131,297
22,265
37,730
7,152
12,137
166,234
177,096
62,162
32,035
300,559
71,192
39,418
14,853
499,192
208,603
53,170
30,957
42,753
9,215
8,209
102,951
97,276
71,404
22,466
Cotton :
spinning
weaving
Wool:
spinning
weaving
Silk:
weaving
Artificial silk:
spinning
weaving
1934
Coton :
filature
tissage
Laine:
filature
lissage
Soie:
tissage
Soie artificielle:
tissage
170,114
135,414
56,162
32,249
895,885
607,032
220,621
125,844
28,608
36,304
8,698
11,191
203.160
183,071
30.694
22>62
270,814
81,121
40,125
17,954
397,177
222,301
71,981
69,688
43,804
63,602
13,054
13,214
148,608
141,637
95,325
26,144
Cotton :
spinning
weaving
Wool :
spinning
weaving
Silk:
weaving
Artificial silk:
spinning
weaving
i Chiffres calculés par le B.I.T. —• Figures calculated by t h e I.L.O.
S O U H C E : Ministry of Commerce and I n d u s t r y : Factory Statistics,
1930, 1933, 1934.
— 213 —
POLOGNE
POLAND
Nombre des
Number of
Branches
Montant global des
Total amount of
ouvrière '
wage
employés '
salaried
earners 1
employees *
Valeur brute
de la
appointements production
salaires
wages
salaries
Vaine
of goods
output
Zlotys (mulierB)
(OOO's omitted)
Branch
1929
Fabrication de fils et de
152,603
*
246,001
54,564
1,111,719
Spinning and weaving
1933
Tissages
Teintureries
Etablissements mixtes
(à plusieurs sections)
24,746
23,347
6,622
846
1,324
515
24,843
27,055
9,446
5,609
5,563
2,845
61,079
3,192
82,025
25,439
433,6218
478,808*
*
*
Spinning
Weaving
Dyeing
E t a b l i s h m e n t s covering
various branches
1934
Tissages
Teintureries
Etablissements mixtes
(à plusieurs sections)
i
2
s
*
Moyenne annuelle.
A fin décembre de
Valeur brute de la
Valeur brute de la
20,643
24,747
7,576
917
1,190
625
24,261
28,242
10,082
5,835
4,627
2,939
67,636
3,272
91,322
21,022
464,379 3
526,401«
.*
*
Spinning
Weaving
Dyeing
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s covering various branches
— Average for the year.
chaque année. — At end of December of each year.
production des « fils •. — Value of gross output of yarns.
production des • tissus ». — Value of gross output of cloth.
SOURCE: Office central de statistique: Statistique de la production, 1929; Statistique industrielle, 1933, 1934.
214
ROUMANIE
RUMANIA
Nombre des
Number of
employés '
earners *
employees *
Montant
global des
salaires
et appointements
Total
amount of
wages and
salaries
Value of output
brute
grò?«
1929
Tissus de coton (et lin)
Tissus de laine . . .
Tissus de soie . . . .
11,149
10,004
918
998
985
121
357.8
371.3
63.0
2,884.2
2,974.4
359.8
1,056.9
1,288.1
165.0
Cotton (and linen) cloth
Woollen cloth
Silk cloth
2,998.9
2,046.2
618.1
1,100.9
780.2
224.9
Cotton cloth
Woollen cloth
Silk cloth
1933
Tissus de coton
Tissus de laine
Tissus de soie .
16,004
11,357
3,201
1,504
928
385
408.3
344.9
86.7
i A fin décembre de chaque année. — At end oí December of each year.
2 Chiffres calculés par le B.I.T. — Figures calculated by t h e I.L.O.
S O U R C E : I n s t i t u t de statistique de l ' E t a t : Annuaire
statistique
de la Roumanie,
1930, 1934.
SWITZERLAND
SUISSE
Statistique de F assurance-accidents — Statistics of accident insurance
MuiiwùiL ;iOùâi ûca saltiires assurés
Total amount of insured wages
Francs (milliers) — (OOO'a omitted)
1929
Travail mécanique de matières
textiles brutes, filature, fabrication de ouate, feutre et drap
Travail mécanique de produits
filés, retordage, dévidage, tissage, entreprises sans batteuse
ni machines à effilocher, et sans
Finissage
1933
1934
49,874
32,660
36,246
91,965
39,936
51,380
27,992
48,904
25,995
Raw textiles (mechanical work),
spinning, cotton-wool, felt and
cloth manufacturing
Thread and yarn (mechanical
work), twisting, reeling, weaving, establishments without
breaking or tearing machines
(excl. finishing)
Finishing
S O U R C E : Caisse nationale suisse d'assurance en cas d'accidents du t r a v a i l : Jahresbericht
rechnung, 1935.
und
Jahres-
— 215 —
Total wages and value of output fcont.)
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
(Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia)
TCHÉCOSLOVAQUIE
(Bohême, Moravie et Silésie)
Statistique de l'assurance-accidents — Statistics of accident insurance
Montant global
des salaires assurés
Total amount
of insured wages
Ec. (mmiers) - (OOO's omitted)
1930
|
1933
Nombre moyen
de travailleurs assurés
Average number
of insured workers
Branches
1930
|
1933
Coton et textiles mixtes
Laine et autres fibres
animales
Soie
Lin, chanvre, jute, e t c . .
Blanchiment, apprêt, teinture, Impression . . .
111,435
69,609
785,422
401,360
56,409
15,982
32,178
41,273
8,858
20,551
440,703
114,559
205,673
267,449
56,072
114,596
24,650
18,526
194,865
118,785
Branch -
Cotton and half-woollen
textiles
Wool and other animal
textiles
Silk
F l a x , hemp, j u t e , etc.
Bleaching,
finishing,
dyeing, printing
SOURCE: Office de statistique delà République tchécoslovaque: Zpravy (Mitteilungen), 1936, No. 97-98.
U.S.S.R.
U.R.S.S.
Branches
Nombre moyen
d'ouvriers '
Average number of
wage earners '
Montant global
des salaires *
Total amount
of wages *
Valeur brute
de la production
Value of gross
output
Branch
Boubles — Roubles (millions)
1928
Coton
Laine
Lin
512,200
68,500
91,000
356
51
45
2,742
535
192
Cotton
Wool
Flax
3,047
654
216
Cotton
Wool
Flax
3,694
698
342
Cotton
Wool
Flax
1932
Coton
Laine
Lin
412,200
75,500
60,500
425
82
52
1935
Coton
Laine
Lin
444,800
68,800
87,300
854
124
135
i Y compris les apprentis en 1928. —• Including apprentices for 1928.
2 Chiffres approximatifs calculés par le B.l.T. en multipliant le salaire mensuel moyen par 12 et par
le nombre moyen d'ouvriers. En 1928, les données couvrent également les apprentis. — Approximate
figures calculated by the I.L.O. by multiplying the average monthly earning by 12 and by the average
number of wage earners. For 1928, data covering also apprentices.
SOURCE: Direction centrale des statistiques économiques delà Commission du Plan d'Etat del'U.R.S.S.: Le
(remai! en U.R.S.S. Annuaire statistique, 1936.
— 216 —
Salaires globaux et valeur de la production (fin)
Total wages and value of output (conci.)
ADDENDUM
Pourcentage des salaires globaux par rapport à la valeur nette de la production
dans divers pays
Percentage of total wages to net value of production in various countries
Paya et branches
Canada :
Soie
Estonie :
Laine
Etats-Unis
Coton
:
Hongrie :
Ensemble textile . .
France :
Coton
Soie
Grande-Bretagne
Coton
Laine
Soie
Japon :
:
1929-1930 '
1933
1934
41
40
38
41
43
32
46
45
39
Canada :
Cotton
Wool
Silk
42
57
35
34
30
39
Estonia :
Cotton
Wool
52
51
43
56
51
50
*
*
*
United States:
Cotton
Woollen and worsted
Silk
29
29
29
Hungary :
All textiles
42
40
43
*
*
*
*
*
*
France :
Cotton
Wool
Silk
71
52
57
*
*
*
*
*
*
Great
Britain:
Cotton
Woollen and worsted
Silk
36
22
45
17
21
26
37
32
Japan :
Cotton
Wool
Silk
*
Countries and branches
i Pour la France, la Grande-Bretagne et le Japon: 1930; pour les autres pays: 1929. — For France,
Great Britain and Japan: 1930: for other countries: 1929.
RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
TRIPARTITE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE
ON THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY
WASHINGTON, D.C.
(United States of America)
2-17 April 1937
INTRODUCTION
The Tripartite Technical Conference on the Textile Industry was
organised as the result of a resolution submitted to the Twentieth
Session of the International Labour Conference by Mr. Winant and
Miss Miller, United States Government Delegates.
This resolution is as follows:
The Conference, taking into consideration:
(1) that there is a general desire for the improvement of
the wages, hours and other working conditions of textile
workers throughout the world;
(2) that, having regard to the varying standards of hours,
wages and working conditions in different countries, such
improvement requires the co-operation of the countries
concerned, and that the International Labour Organisation
provides the appropriate means of attaining agreement on
equitable standards of hours, wages and working conditions;
(3) that the establishment of such equitable standards can
only be achieved by discussion between the representatives of
Governments, employers' and workers' organisations in the
various countries:
decides to request the Governing Body to convene a tripartite
conference which would include the necessary technical and
expert assistance from textile-producing countries. It would
be the purpose of this conference to consider how the work
already undertaken by the International Labour Organisation
in connection with the improvement of conditions in the
textile industry can best be advanced and to take into account
all those aspects of the textile industry, which, directly or
indirectly, may have a bearing on the improvement of social
conditions in that industry.
— 220 —
The Governing Body of the International Labour Office examined
this resolution at its Seventy-seventh Session (November 1936) and
decided to convene the proposed tripartite conference at Washington as the result of a suggestion of the President of the United
States.
The following letter communicating the Agenda of the Conference
was addressed to the Governments of the Members of the Organisation:
Geneva, 23 December 1936.
Sir,
I have the honour to inform you that, at its Seventy-seventh Session
(November 1936), the Governing Body of the International Labour Office
considered the steps to be taken to give effect to a resolution adopted
by the International Labour Conference at its Twentieth Session (June
1936), in which the Governing Body was requested to convene a Tripartite
Conference to consider problems connected with the textile industry.
On this occasion the representative of the Government of the United
States of America conveyed to the Governing Body, on behalf of the
President of the United States, an invitation to convene the proposed
Conference at Washington.
The Governing Body warmly welcomed this invitation and instructed
the Office to convene the proposed Conference at Washington, the
object of which it defined in the following resolution:
" The Governing Body decides to invite the Governments of all
countries in which textile production forms an important part of
their national economy to send delegates and technical advisers
familiar with the problems of the textile industry to take part in a
tripartite Conference to consider all those aspects of the industry
which directly or indirectly may have a bearing on the improvement
of social conditions in the industry.
" The Governing Body warmly welcomes the invitation of the
President of the United States of America to convene this Conference
in Washington and instructs the Director to get into touch with
the United States Government with a view to making the necessary
arrangements for the meetings for the first days of April next, and
to report progress at its next session.
" The Governing Body decides that it shall be represented at the
said Conference by two members of each group."
Further details are given below as to the organisation and programme
of work of the -Conference.
Date and Place: The Technical Tripartite Conference will open at
Washington on 2 April 1937. The exact place at which the Conference
will take place will be conveyed to you in a subsequent communication.
Agenda: The Agenda comprises the examination of all those aspects
of the textile industry which directly or indirectly may have a bearing
on the improvement of social conditions in that industry.
In order that you may be in a position to appreciate the object and
scope of the Conference I am communicating to you herewith an extract
from the note submitted by the Office to the Governing Body, which
— 221 —
formed the basis on which the Governing Body took its decision. I am
also sending you extracts concerning the object and scope of the Conference from the draft minutes of the Seventy-seventh Session of the
Governing Body, which must be regarded as provisional until they have
teen formally approved at the Seventy-eighth Session (February 1937).
Composition: The Conference will be composed of delegations of
countries in which textile production forms an important part of their
national economy. It will be for the Governments to decide whether
they consider their country as one in which textile production forms an
important part of the national economy.
Delegations: It was decided that each Government taking part in
the Conference would be requested to appoint three representatives,
namely, a Government representative, a representative of the employers
and a representative of the workers ; these three representatives may be
accompanied by advisers who will have the right to speak but not to
vote. The Governing Body instructed the Office to call the attention
of the Governments to the importance of sending delegations to the
Conference composed in such a way as to provide the fullest possible
representation of the various branches of the textile industry in their
country.
It was also decided that the Governing Body would be represented
at the Conference by six of its members, namely, two from each group.
Expenses: As in the case of previous preparatory meetings which
have been held under the auspices of the International Labour Office
it was agreed that the travelling expenses and subsistence allowances
of the representatives of each country at the proposed Conference, as
well as those of their advisers, would be borne by the respective Governments.
Preparation: The International Labour Office was instructed to
prepare, in connection with the Agenda of the Conference, a report to
serve as a basis for the discussions. This report will be sent as soon as
possible to the countries taking part in the Conference.
It is under these conditions that I have the honour to request your
Government, if it considers that textile production forms an important
part of the national economy of your country, to appoint representatives
to take part in the Technical Tripartite Conference on the textile
industry.
I shall be glad if you will be good enough to inform me at your earliest
convenience whether the Office can count on the participation of your
country in the Conference, and if so, to furnish me in due course with
the names of the persons of whom your delegation will be composed.
I have the honour to be, Sir,
Your obedient servant,
(Signed) HAROLD BUTLER,
Director.
The Technical Tripartite Conference on the Textile Industry
met from 2 to 17 April 1937 in the Government Auditorium at
Washington. The secretariat of the Conference and some of the
Committees worked in the offices of the Department of Labor,
— 222 —
which, as well as the Government Auditorium, the Government of
the United States kindly placed at the disposal of the Conference.
The number of countries represented was 27; this included the
great majority of countries in which the textile industry plays an
important part in economic life.
The total number of persons accredited to the Conference was
209. A list of the delegations is given below.
The Conference appointed as its President the Government
delegate of the United States of America, Mr. John G. Winant,
former Governor of New Hampshire, former President of the
Social Security Board.
It appointed the following Vice-Presidents:
Government group:
Mr.
Employers' group:
Mr. OERSTED, member of the Governing
Body of the International Labour
Office.
Workers' group:
Mr. Arthur SHAW (British Empire).
KITAOKA
(Japan).
The Conference held fourteen plenary sittings.
It began its work by a general discussion of the problems
before it.
The Conference appointed a Selection Committee which, in accordance with the practice followed at the sessions of the International
Labour Conference, determined the order of work of the Conference.
In addition, in accordance with the Standing Orders adopted by
the Conference, it examined the credentials of the members of the
delegations. The Chairman of this Committee was Sir Firoz Khan
Noon, Government delegate of India.
The Conference decided to set up a Committee on Statistics
of 18 members to discuss questions relating to the compilation and
utilisation of statistics concernine the textile industrv. The
Chairman of this Committee was Mr. Carter Goodrich, member of
the Governing Body of the International Labour Office. It
appointed as its Reporter Mr. E. C. Ramsbottom, British Government adviser. This Committee in turn set up a Sub-Committee
on Economic Statistics, the Chairman of which was Mr. Carter
Goodrich and the Reporter Mr. W. Ellison Chalmers, Government
adviser of the United States of America. The Committee on
Statistics submitted a report to the Conference to which was
attached a report of the Sub-Committee on Economic Statistics.
— 223 —
A copy of the reports as approved by the Conference will be
found below.
For the discussion of the economic and social aspects of problems
concerning the textile industry, the Conference decided to sit as a
General Committee consisting of all the delegates of the States
represented (who might be replaced by one of their advisers) as
well as the observers.
The Chairman of the General Committee was Mr. John G. Winant,
President of the Conference. The Committee appointed as
Reporters Dr. J. Wisselink, Government delegate of the Netherlands, for economic questions, and Mr. C. Picquenard, Government
delegate of France, for social questions. In each case the Reporter
was assisted by a representative of the employers and a representative of the workers who, together with the Reporter, constituted a
Drafting Committee which revised each report before it was
submitted to the General Committee.
The report of the General Committee on economic questions
and the report of the General Committee on social questions as
approved by the Conference will be found below.
LIST OF DELEGATIONS, COMMITTEES, ETC.
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES
ADOPTED BY THE CONFERENCE
I
LIST OF MEMBERS OF DELEGATIONS
DELEGATION OF THE GOVERNING BODY OF THE
GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVES:
Mr. J. NËCAS, Chairman of the Governing Body (Czechoslovakia).
Mr. C. GOODRICH (United States of America).
Mr. C. A. PARDO (Argentina).
EMPLOYERS' REPRESENTATIVES:
Mr. H. C. OERSTED, Vice-Chairman of the Governing Body (Denmark).
Mr. Henry I. HARRIMAN, Substitute for Mr. H. S. DENNISON (United
States of America).
Mr. C. TZAUT (Switzerland).
Substitute :
Mr. J. LECOCQ (Belgium).
WORKERS' REPRESENTATIVES:
Mr. C. MERTENS, Vice-Chairman of the Governing Body (Belgium).
Mr. W. GREEN (United States of America).
Mr. E. KUPERS (Netherlands).
Substitute :
Mr. A. HAYDAY (British Empire).
vol. II.
15
— 226 —
BELGIUM
GOVERNMENT DELEGATE:
Mr. Robert MOMMENS, Inspector-General for the Protection of Labour
at Ghent.
EMPLOYERS' DELEGATE:
Mr. BRASSEUR, Vice-President of the Belgian Spinners' Association at
Ghent.
Adviser :
Mr. WILFORD, President of the Belgian Association of Textile Organisations at Tamise.
WORKERS' DELEGATE:
Mr. SEGIER, Secretary of the Central Organisation of Textile Workers
at Ghent.
Adviser:
Mr. VERHEECKE, Secretary of the Central Organisation of Christian
Textile Workers at Mont-St-Amand.
BRAZIL
Mr. Luis DE FARO, Jr., Consul-General in New York City.
Adviser:
Mr. Raphael CORREIA DE OLIVEIRA, Chief of the Information Section
in New York City of the Ministry of Labour, Industry and Commerce.
BRITISH EMPIRE
Lt. Colonel Anthony John MUIRHEAD, M.C., M.P., Parliamentary Secretary, Ministry of Labour.
Advisers :
Mr. Frank Arthur NORMAN, O.B.E., Assistant Secretary, Ministry of
Labour.
Mr. Edmund Cecil RAMSBOTTOM, O.B.E., Director of Statistics, Ministry
of Labour.
Mr. Robert Ritchie BOWMAN, Ministry of Labour, Northern Ireland.
Mr. Cyril DENNYS, M.C., Principal, Ministry of Labour.
Mr. Thomas ASHURST, Secretary of the Cotton Spinners' and Manufacturers' Association, Member of the General Purposes Committee and
Council of the National Confederation of Employers' Organisations.
— 227 —
Advisers :
Mr. Archibald CRAWFORD, K.C., Chairman of the Rope, Twine and Net
Manufacturers' Association and of the Federation of Flax Spinners and
Manufacturers' Associations of Great Britain. Member of the Council
of the National Confederation of Employers' Organisations.
Mr. Peter Ewart JACK, Chairman of the Association of Jute Spinners and
Manufacturers.
Mr. Harold Stewart KIRKALDY, Assistant Secretary of the National Confederation of Employers' Organisations.
Mr. Ernest James MARTIN, Secretary of the Wool (and Allied) Textile
Employers' Council, Member of the Council of the National Confederation
of Employers' Organisations.
Mr. Arthur James PALFREYMAN, Chairman of the National Federation
of Hosiery Manufacturers' Associations.
Mr. John POGSON, Secretary of the Federation of Master Cotton Spinners'
Associations, Limited ; Member of the Council of the National Confederation of Employers' Organisations.
Mr. William SCHOLES, Chairman of the Wages Committee of the Allied
Association of Bleachers, Dyers, Printers and Finishers, Member of the
Council of the National Confederation of Employers' Organisations.
WORKERS'
DELEGATE:
Mr. Arthur SHAW, C.B.E., J.P., General Secretary of the National Union
of Dyers, Bleachers and Textile Workers, Member of the Trades Union
Congress General Council.
Advisers :
Mr. James BELL, J.P., Secretary of the Oldham Weavers' Association.
Mr. Arthur DEAKIN, Assistant General Secretary, Transport and General
Workers' Union.
Mr. John Carver HENDRY, Secretary, The Scottish Council.
Mr. John McKENZIE, Scottish District Secretary of the National Union
of General and Municipal Workers.
Mr. Horace Matthew MOULDEN, Secretary, National Hosiery Federation.
Mr. Alfred ROBERTS, Secretary, the Amalgamated Association of Card,
Blowing and Ring Loom Operatives.
Mr. William WOOD, J.P., General Secretary, the Operative Cotton Spinners'
and Twiners' Provincial Association of Bolton and surrounding districts ;
Member of the Trades Union Congress General Council.
CANADA
Mr. Gerald H. BROWN, Assistant Deputy, Minister of Labour.
Advisers :
Mr. James F. MARSH, Deputy Minister of Labour for Ontario, Toronto,
Ontario.
Mr. Gerard TREMBLAY, Deputy Minister of Labour for the Province of
Quebec, Quebec City.
Mr. Alfred CHARPENTIER, President, La Confédération des Travailleurs
Catholiques du Canada, Inc., Montreal, Quebec.
Mr. A. S. WHITELEY, Secretary, Royal Commission on Textile Industry,
Ottawa, Ontario.
— 228 —
Mr. H. G. SMITH, Chairman, Board of Directors, Mercury Mills Limited,
Hamilton, Ontario.
Advisers :
Mr. Jackson H. MARX, President, Associated Textiles of Canada, Limited,
Montreal.
Mr. A. V. YOUNG, President and General Manager, Hamilton Cotton
Company, Ltd., Hamilton, Ontario.
Replaced in the course of the Conference by Mr. Blair GORDON, Managing
Director, Dominion Textile, Ltd., Montreal.
Mr. Douglas HALLAM, Secretary, Primary Textiles Institute, Toronto,
Ontario.
WORKERS' DELEGATE:
Mr. P. M. DRAPER, President, Trades and Labour Congress of Canada,
Ottawa, Ontario.
Advisers :
Mr. Alphonse MORRISSETTE, President of Local Union No. 2467, United
Textile Workers of America and Financial Secretary, Trades and Labour
Council, Three Rivers, Quebec.
Mr. Alexander WELCH, Member of Local Union No. 2495, United Textile
Workers of America, Toronto, Ontario.
Mr. Arthur LAVERTY, President of Local Union No. 2499, United Textile.
Workers of America, Cornwall, Ontario.
CHINA
Mr. Zaung-teh ING, Counsellor of Embassy, Chinese Embassy, Washington,
D.C.
Advisers :
Mr. Pei-yuan HO, First Secretary, Chinese Embassy, Washington, D.C.
Mr. Tswen-ling TSUI, Second Secretary, Chinese Embassy, Washington, D.C.
Secretary :
Mr. Chia-chen Clarence CHU, Attaché, Chinese Embassy, Washington, D.C
Mr. Kan-yo NIEH, Head of the Textile Technology Department of the
" Academia Sinica ".
Adviser:
Mr. Kuei-tsun WANG, Secretary of the Chinese Cotton Mill Owners' Association.
Secretaries :
Dr. T. G. HO, Former Economist of the Szechuen Provincial Government.
Mr. Fu-Yu DI, Textile Expert of the Cotton Commission, National Economic
Council.
— 229 —
WORKERS' DELEGATE:
Mr. Hseuh-fan CHU, Chairman, Shanghai General Labour Union.
Adviser :
Mr. Khai-Coo HUANG, Secretary of the Shanghai Cotton Mill Trade Union.
Secretary :
Mr. Joseph CHIANG, Former Secretary of the Shanghai Hosiery Trade
Union.
CUBA
Mr. Marino Lopez BLANCO, Cuban Embassy, Washington, D.C.
Substituted in the course of the Conference by Mr. J. E. DE SANDOVAL.
Mr. Dayton* HEDGES.
WORKERS' DELEGATE:
Mr. Alejandro CANAS.
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
Dr. Josef KOTEK, Ministerial Councillor, Chief of the Section for In ernational Reports in the Ministry of Social Welfare.
Adviser:
Mr. Jaroslav PISKACEK, Adviser in the Ministry of Commerce.
Mr. Richard MORAWETZ, Manufacturer, Upice; representative of the
Czechoslovak Confederation of Employers' Organisations.
WORKERS' DELEGATE:
Mr. Anton ROSCHER, President of the Textile Workers' Union, Libérée.
ECUADOR
Mr. Carlos DOUSDEBES, Secretary-General of the Labour Department.
Mr. Alfonso PEREZ, Chamber of Commerce, Pichincha.
— 230 —
WORKERS'
DELEGATE:
Mr. Luis ANDA.
FINLAND
Mr. Eero JARNEFELT, Minister of Finland, Washington.
Adviser :
Mr. Sigurd Waldemar
Washington.
von NUMERS, Secretary,
Finnish
Legation,
FRANCE
Mr. Charles PICQUENARD, Honorary Director-General of Labour at the
Ministry of Labour.
Advisers :
Mr. Paul GERVOIS, Divisional Inspector of Labour at Lille.
Mme. Marguerite PAITRE, Inspector of Labour at Paris.
Mr. Hermes BARET," Inspector of Labour at Lyons.
Mr. Paul SCHLUMBERGER, Honorary President of the International
Cotton Federation at Mulhouse.
Advisers :
Mr. Alphonse TIBERGHIEN, President of the Textile Manufacturers.
Association of Roubaix-Tourcoing at Tourcoing.
Mr. Paul CHARBIN, Honorary President of the Silk Manufacturers'Federation, and Vice-President of the Chamber of Commerce of Lyons at Lyons'
Mr. Jean GILLIER, Member of the Hosiery Manufacturers' Association of
the Department of l'Aube at Troyez.
WORKERS' DELEGATE:
Mr. VANDEPUTTE, Secretary of the Textile Workers' Federation.
Advisers :
Mr. DELOBELLE, Secretary of the Textile Federation in Paris.
Mr. AUBERT, of the Textile Trade Union in Lyons.
Mr. VEREECKE, of the Textile Trade Union in Lille.
GERMANY
GOVERNMENT
OBSERVER:
Mr. Walther BECKER, Commercial Attaché, German Embassy, Washington.
— 231 —
GREECE
Mr. Nicholas G. LELY, Counsellor af Legation, Royal Greek Legation.
Adviser :
Mr. Spiro TSAMI, Commercial Counsellor to the Royal Greek Legation.
GUATEMALA
Senor Dr. Don Enrique Lopez HERRARTE, First Secretary, Guatemalan
Legation, Washington.
INDIA
Sir Firoz Khan NOON, High Commissioner for India in London, Member
of the Governing Body of the International Labour Office.
Secretaries :
Mr. W. M. MATHER, O.B.E.
Mr. S. R. ZAMAN.
Mr. B. M. BIRLA.
WORKERS' DELEGATE:
Mr. R. R. BAKHALE.
JAPAN
Mr. KITAOKA, Chief of the Permanent Delegation of the Japanese Government to the International Labour Office: Representative of the Japanese
Government on the Governing Body of the International Labour Office.
Advisers :
Mr. TAKESHIMA, Secretary in the Bureau of Social Affairs.
Mr. IGUCHI, Technician in the Bureau of Social Affairs; Factory Inspector.
Mr. INOUE, Commercial Attaché, New York.
Mr. KOYAMA, Secretary in the Customs Office, Yokohama.
Mr. KISHI, Technician in the Department of Commerce and Industry.
Mr. ISHIGURO, Secretary in the Department of Agriculture.
Secretary :
Mr. MUTO, Secretary of the Permanent Delegation of the Japanese Government to the International Labour Office.
(
— 232 —
Mr. ZEN, Managing Director of the National Federation of Industrial
Organisations.
Substitute :
Mr. TAKEUCHI, Substitute member of the Governing Body, International
Labour Office.
Advisers :
Mr. KATAKURA, Director of the Katakura Silk Spinning Company.
Mr. SAKUKAWA, Director of the Toyo Spinning Company (Personal
Substitute).
Mr. KAWAGUCHI, Japanese Cotton Spinners' Association.
Secretaries :
Mr. K. FUKADA; Mr. B. KOMURA; Mr. B. KAGAMI.
WORKERS' DELEGATE:
Mr. KOIZUMI, President of the Kaiin Kyokai (Marine Officers' Union).
Advisers :
Mr. KAMIJO, Secretary in the Trades Union Congress of Japan.
Mr. DOI, of the Central Committee of the General Confederation of Labour
of All-Japan.
Secretaries :
Mr. T. FUKUDA; Mr. T. SATO.
LATVIA
Dr. A. BILMANIS, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at
Washington, D:C.
MEXICO
Mr. Rodrigo AMPUDIA DEL VALLE, representing the Ministry of National
Economy and the Department of Labour.
Mr. Luis R. DE LA TORRE, representing the National Association of Employers of the Textile Industry.
WORKERS' DELEGATE:
Mr. Enrique RANGEL, representing the Mexican Workers' Federation.
— 233 —
NETHERLANDS
Dr. J. WISSELINK, Professor of Industrial Economy.
Advisers :
Mr. A. P. DROST, Engineer, Chief Inspector of Labour.
Miss G. J. STEMBERG, Doctor of Laws, Director in the Ministry of Social
Affairs.
Mr. G. J. TEPPEMA, Director, Ministry of Commerce, Industry and
Navigation.
Mr. G. VAN DER MUELEN, Director of the Royal Steam Weaving Company,
Limited, at Nijverdal.
Advisers :
Mr. A. C. VAN ECK, Doctor of Laws, Secretary of the Manufacturers' Union.
Mr. B. J. M. VAN SPAENDONCK, Secretary of the Netherlands Catholic
Union of Textile Employers.
WORKERS' DELEGATE:
Mr. G. RENGELINK, President of the Netherlands General Federation
of Textile Workers " De Eendracht ", and Member of the Committee of
the International Textile Workers' Organisation.
Advisers :
Mr. A. VAN DER MEYS, President of the Union of Catholic Workers " St.
Lambertus ", and Secretary of the International Federation of Christian
Textile Workers.
Mr. G. EKKEL, Member of the General Committee of the International
Christian Trade Unions in the Netherlands and President of the Netherlands Union of Christian Textile Workers " Unitas ".
PERU
Mr. German LARABURE.
POLAND
GOVERNMENT
DELEGATE:
His Excellency, Mr. Jerzy POTOCKI, Polish Ambassador in Washington,
D.C.
Substitutes :
Mr. Marian KANDEL, Director of the Department of Trades and Industry
in the Ministry of Industry and Commerce.
— 234 —
Mr. Jozef ZAGRODZKI, Chief of the Labour Protection Section in the
Ministry of Social Assistance.
Advisers :
Mr. Karel BAJER, Director of the Chamber of Industry and Commerce,
Lodz.
Dr. Sylwester GRUSZKA, Polish Consul-General in New York, Commercial
Councillor in the Polish Embassy at Washington.
Mr. Seweryn HORSZOWSKI, Ministerial Councillor, Chief of the International Labour Legislation Service in ihe Ministry of Social Assistance.
Mr. Gustaw GEYER, Vice-President of the Textile Manufacturers' Union
of Poland.
Substitute :
Mr. Kazimierz MARKON, Vice-President of the Industrial Textile Union
of Poland.
WORKERS' DELEGATE:
Mr. Adam WALCZAK, General Secretary of the Male and Female Textile
Workers' Union in Poland.
Adviser :
Mr. Jan Stanislaw JANKOWSKI, Engineer, Member of thè Executive of
the Polish Trade Union Congress, former Minister of Labour and Social
Welfare.
RUMANIA
GOVERNMENT OBSERVER:
Mr. Mircea BABES, First Secretary, Rumanian Legation, Washington, D.C.
SWEDEN
Mr. W. F. BOSTROM, Swedish Minister, Washington, D.C.
Mr. E. W. PAUES, Director of the Swedish Textile Employers Association.
Adviser :
Mr. L. EKELUND, Civil Engineer.
WORKERS' DELEGATE:
Mr. G-. ANDERSSON, President of the Swedish Trade Union Confederation;
Member of the Governing Body of the International Labour Office.
Adviser :
Mr. G. WENNSTROM, President of the Federation of Swedish Textile
Workers.
— 235 —
TÜRKEY
Mr. Resid ANAMUR, First Secretary, Turkish Embassy, Washington, D.C.
U. S. S. R.
Constantin OUMANSKY, Counsellor of Embassy.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Hon. John G. WINANT, former Governor of New Hampshire; former
Chairman of the Social Security Board.
Substitute Government Delegates:
Mr. Ernest G. DRAPER, Assistant Secretary of Commerce, Department
of Commerce.
Mr. Isador LUBIN, U.S. Commissioner of Labor Statistics, Department of
Labor.
Mr. A. Ford HINRICHS, Chief Economist, Bureau of Labor Statistics,
Department of Labor.
Advisers :
Mr. Lawrence MYERS, Chief of the Marketing Section, Agricultural Adjustment Administration, Department of Agriculture.
Mr. A. Manuel M. FOX, Chief of the Economic Division, U.S. Tariff Commission.
Mr. Joseph H. WILLITS, Dean of the Wharton School of Finance and
Commerce, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.
Mr. Lynn R. EDMINSTER, Chief Economic Analyst, Trade Agreements
Division, Department of State.
Miss Katharine F. LENROOT, Chief of the Children's Bureau, Department
of Labor.
Miss Mary ANDERSON, Chief of the Women's Bureau, Department of
Labor.
Mr. William G. RICE, Jr., Professor of Law, University of Wisconsin Law
School, Madison, Wis.
Mr. Thomas I. EMERSON, Office of the General Counsel, Social Security
Board.
Mr. W. Ellison CHALMERS, Assistant U.S. Labor Commissioner in Geneva.
Mr. Verne A. ZIMMER, Director of the Division of Labor Standards, Department of Labor.
Hon. O. Max GARDNER, former Governor of North Carolina; Woodward
Building, Washington. D.C.
— 236 —
Advisers :
Mr. Robert R. WEST, President and Treasurer, Riverside and Dan River
Cotton Mills, Danville, Va.
Mr. Robert AMORY, President and Treasurer, Nashua Manufacturing
Company, Nashua, N.H.
Mr. Robert E. HENRY, President and Treasurer, Dunean Mills, Greensville, S.C.
Mr. Herman CONE, Treasurer, Proximity Manufacturing Company, Greensboro, N.C.
Mr. William N. BANKS, President, Georgia Cotton Manufacturers Association; President, Grantville Mills, Grantville, Ga.
Mr. Hyman L. BATTLE, Treasurer and Manager, Rocky Mount Hills,
Rocky Mount, N.C.
Mr. Ward CHENEY, President, Cheney Brothers.
Mr. D. E. DOUTY, United States Testing Company, Hoboken, N.J.
Mr. Franklin W. HOBBS, Arlington Mills, Boston, Mass.
Colonel Millard BROWN, Continental Mills, Philadelphia, Pa.
Mr. Harold WALTER, Uxbridge Worsted Company, Uxbridge, Mass.
Mr. George H. ROBERTS, c/o Bemis Brothers Bag Company, 40 Central
Street, Boston, Mass.
Mr. J. W. NICKERSON, Cheney Brothers, New York, N.Y.
Mr. Jarvis CROMWELL, c/o William Iselin and Company, New York, N.Y.
Mr. Roy E. TILLES, Gotham Silk Hosiery Company, New York, N.Y.
Secretaries :
Mr. Claudius MURCHISON, Cotton Textile Institute, New York City.
Mr. Arthur BESSE, National Association of Wool Manufacturers, New York
City.
Mr. A. W. McCREADY, National Federation of Textiles, Inc., New York
City.
Alternative Advisers :
Mr. Frederick STEELE, Pierce Brothers, Ltd., New Bedford, Mass.
Mr. T. Scott ROBERTS, President of the Alabama Cotton Manufacturers
Association; President and Treasurer, Adelaide Mills, Anniston, Ala.
Mr. Donald P. JOHNSTON, Royal Cotton Mill Company, Wake Forest, N.C.
Mr. R. D. HALL, Secretary and Assistant Treasurer, Stowe Thread Company, Belmont, N.C.
Mr. Harvey W. MOORE, Brown Manufacturing Company, Concord, N.C.
Mr. William MENKE, Chairman of Board, Menke, Kaufmann & Company,
Inc., New York, N.Y.
Mr John J
GOLDSMITH
Hoco R n H s m i t V i anrl T o m n o g y
Tn C
New York
Mr. Lewis A. HIRD, Samuel Hird and Sons, Passaic, N.J.
Mr. Paul WHITIN, Paul Whitin Manufacturing Company, Northbridge, Mass.
Mr. Frank HILLARY, Wellington Sears and Company, New York, N.Y.
WORKERS'
DELEGATE:
Mr. Emil RIEVE, President, American Federation of Hosiery Workers,
Philadelphia, Pa.
Advisers :
Mr. Francis J. GORMAN, President, United Textile Workers of America.
Washington, D.C.
— 237 —
Mr. Marion H. HEDGES, Research Director, International Brotherhood of
Electrical Workers, Washington, D.C.
Mr. Alfred HOFFMAN, Director of Research, American Federation of
Hosiery Workers, Philadelphia, Pa.
Mr. Abraham BINNS, Member of Executive Council, United Textile Workers
of America, New Bedford, Mass.
Mr. George BALDANZIE, Second Vice-President, United Textile Workers
of America, Philadelphia, Pa.
Mr. Horace A. RIVIERE, Fourth Vice-President, United. Textile Workers
of America, Manchester, N.H.
Mr. Paul R. CHRISTOPHER, Organizer, United Textile Workers of
America, Shelby, N.C.
Miss Elizabeth NORD, Organizer, United Textile Workers of America,
Pawtucket, R.I.
Mr. Godfrey BLOCH, New York, N.Y.
Mr. William E. G. BATTY, Secretary of Local Union, United Textile Workers
of America, New Bedford, Mass.
Miss Elizabeth CHRISTMAN, Secretary, National Women's Trade Union
League, Machinists' Building, Washington, D.C.
URUGUAY
Don Jose RICHLING, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
of Uruguay, Washington, D.C.
YUGOSLAVIA
Mr. FOTITCH, Minister of Yugoslavia, Washington, D.C.
SECRETARIAT AND COMMITTEES
OFFICERS OF THE CONFERENCE
Chairman: Mr. WINANT.
Vice-Chairmen: Mr. KITAOKA, Government delegate of Japan.
Mr. OERSTED, Employers' Delegate of the Governing Body
of the International Labour Office.
Mr. A. SHAW, Workers' Delegate of the British Empire.
General Secretary: Mr. H. BUTLER, Director of the International Labour
Office.
SECRETARIAT OF THE CONFERENCE
General Secretary: Mr. H. BUTLER.
Assistant Secretary-General: Mr. E. J. PHELAN.
— 238 —
Cabinet of the Secretary-General: Mr. CROCKER.
Organisation: Mr. LAFRANCE; Mr. RILEY.
Finances: Mr. MACKINLAY.
Experts: Mr. LORWIN; Mr. MORTISHED; Mr. NIXON; Mr. WUBNIG.
Secretaries: Mr. CLOTTU; Mr. EVANS; Mr. GALLOIS; Mr. MILHAUD;
Mr. MUNGUIA; Miss RIEGELMAN.
Interpreters: English:
French:
German:
Spanish:
Japanese:
Mr. CALDWELL; Mr. KERR; Mr. MOWAT.
Mr. DUNANT; Mr. KOUINDJY; Mr. RABINOVITCH.
Mr. GRÜNBERG.
Mme. ECHEGARAY.
Mr. KAMII.
Relations: Mr. BÜRGE; Mr. MAGNUSSON; Miss CHEYNEY; Mr. WILSON.
Workers' relations: Mr. STAAL.
Press: Mr. IRVIN.
Information office: Miss FAHEY.
Typewriting and reporting service:
Chief of the service: Mme. LAVERRIERE.
Mimeography service:
Chief of service: Mr. REPPEN.
Distribution :
Chief of service: Mr. SCHNAIDT.
SELECTION COMMITTEE
D E L E G A T E S OF T H E G O V E R N I N G B O D Y :
Mr. NËCAS.
Mr. OERSTED; substitute: M. TZAUT.
Mr. KUPERS; substitute: Mr. GREEN.
GOVERNMENT MEMBERS:
British Empire: Mr. MUIRHEAD; substitute: Mr. NORMAN.
France: Mr. PTCQUENARD.
Japan: Mr. KITAOKA.
India: Sir Firoz Khan NOON.
Mexico: Mr. AMPUDIA DEL VALLE.
Poland: Mr. POTOCKI; substitute: Mr. ZAGRODSKI.
Substitutes :
Belgium: Mr. MOMMENS.
Canada: Mr. BROWN.
China: Mr. Zaung-teh ING.
Cuba: Mr. SANDOVAL.
Netherlands: Mr. WISSELINK.
— 239 —
EMPLOYERS' MEMBERS:
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
ASHURST (British Empire).
BIRLA (India).
GARDNER (United States of America).
VAN DER MUELEN (Netherlands).
SCHLUMBERGER (France).
ZEN (Japan).
Substitutes :
Mr. BRASSEUR (Belgium).
Mr. GEYER (Poland).
Mr. MORAVETZ (Czechoslovakia).
Mr. NIEH (China).
Mr. PAUES (Sweden).
Mr. SMITH (Canada).
Mr. DE LA TORRE (Mexico).
WORKERS' MEMBERS:
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
BAKHALE (India).
KOIZUMI (Japan).
RI EVE (United States of America).
ROSCHER (Czechoslovakia).
SHAW (British Empire).
VANDEPUTTE (France).
Substitutes :
Mr. VAN DER MEYS (Netherlands).
Mr. SEGIER (Belgium).
Mr. WENNSTROM. (Sweden).
Chairman :
Sir Firoz Khan NOON.
Vice-Chairmen :
Mr. ASHURST.
Mr. VANDEPUTTE.
Secretaries :
Mr. CLOTTU.
Mr. MUNGUIA.
STATISTICAL COMMITTEE
GOVERNMENT MEMBERS:
British Empire: Mr. RAMSBOTTOM.
Canada: Mr. WHITELEY.
France: Mr. GERVOIS; substitute: Mr. BARET.
India: Sir Firoz Khan NOON.
Japan: Mr. KISHI; substitute: Mr. IGUCHI.
United States of America: Mr. HINRICHS; substitute: Mr. CHALMERS.
— 240 —
Substitutes :
Belgium: Mr. MOMMENS.
China: Mr. ING.
Mexico: Mr. AMPUDIA DEL VALLE.
EMPLOYERS' MEMBERS:
Mr. ASHURST; substitute: Mr. POGSON (British Empire).
Mr. GARDNER; substitutes: Mr. HALL, Mr. NICKERSON (United
States of America).
Mr. VAN DER MUELEN; substitutes: Mr. VAN ECK, Mr. VAN SPAENDONCK (Netherlands).
Mr. SCHLUMBERGER; substitute: Mr. TIBERGHIEN (France).
Mr. SMITH; substitute: Mr. HALLAM (Canada).
Mr. ZEN; substitute: Mr. KAWAGUCHI (Japan).
Substitutes :
Mr. BIRLA (India).
Mr. BRASSEUR; substitute: Mr. WILFORD (Belgium).
Mr. NIEH (China).
WORKERS'
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
MEMBERS:
AUBERT (France).
DEAKIN (British Empire).
DOI (Japan).
HOFFMAN (United States of America).
JANKOWSKI (Poland).
VAN DER MEYS (Netherlands).
Chairman :
Mr. Carter GOODRICH.
Vice-Chairmen :
Mr. POGSON. Mr. DEAKIN.
Delegate of the General Secretary :
Mr. NIXON.
Secretaries :
Mr. CLOTTU.
Mr. Maurice MILHAUD.
Miss RIEGELMANN.
Mr. EVANS.
GENERAL COMMITTEE
AU Delegates and Observers of the Conference
Chairman :
Mr. WINANT.
Mr. LORWIN.
Experts :
Mr. MORTISHED.
Mr. WUBNIG.
— 241 —
Secretaries :
Mr. Maurice MILHAUD.
Mr. GALLOIS.
Mr. EVANS.
Mr. WUBNIG.
DRAFTING COMMITTEE
FOR ECONOMIC QUESTIONS:
Government Member: Mr. WISSELINK (reporter).
Employers' Member: Mr. ASHURST.
Workers' Member: Mr. SEGIER.
DRAFTING COMMITTEE FOR SOCIAL QUESTIONS:
Government Member: Mr. PICQUENARD (reporter).
Employers' Member: Mr. ASHURST; substitute: Mr. VAN DER MUELEN.
Workers' Member: Mr. Arthur SHAW.
OFFICERS OF THE GROUPS
GOVERNMENT
GROUP:
Chairman: Mr. POTOCKI (Poland).
Vice-Chairman: Mr. KITAOKA (Japan).
Secretary: Mr. DENNYS (British Empire).
EMPLOYERS' GROUP:
Chairman: Mr. ASHURST (British Empire).
Secretary: Mr. LECOCQ.
WORKERS' GROUP:
Chairman: Mr. E. RI EVE (United States).
Vice-Chairman : Mr. A. SHAW (British Empire).
Secretary: Mr. Tom SHAW.
II
REPORTS ADOPTED BY THE CONFERENCE
R E P O R T ON ECONOMIC PROBLEMS
During the general discussion at the first ten plenary sessions
of the Tripartite Technical Conference on the Textile Industry,
many references were made to the economic and social problems
of the industry. At the same time, many representatives of the
three interests involved—Governments, employers and workers—•
considered that although the economic and social aspects of the
problem were closely interrelated, it would be desirable to discuss
them separately.
In view of this the Selection Committee in its third Report
submitted to the plenary session on Thursday morning, 8 April 1937,
recommended to the Conference to go into a Committee, including
all the members of the Conference, with a view to examining the
economic problems of the textile industry.
The Selection Committee further recommended t h a t the following
agenda, based on the discussions which had taken place in plenary
session on.the Report prepared by the International Labour Office,
be adopted as a basis of discussion for the examination of the
economic problems.
1.
Consumption
(A)
Consumption needs:
(1) Agricultural population.
(2) Industrial population.
(B)
Consumption expansion:
(1) By increasing purchasing power.
(2) By reducing prices — Is price reduction inconsistent with
higher wages or better standards ?
(3) By the effect of changing fashions and the shifting of
consumption.
— 243 —
II.
Production ani International Trade
(A) Existing situation :
(1) Changing distribution.
(2) Restriction of production
(a) By internal action for reducing excess capacity or
limiting output;
(b) By restriction on international trade (tariff quotas;
gentlemen's agreements, etc.);
(c) Exchange restrictions ;
(d) Raw materials.
(3) Export subsidies, direct and indirect.
(B) Remedial possibilities :
(1) Conditions of " fair competition " as an aid for lowering
barriers.
(2) International agreements as means toward adjusting
production and consumption of different textile products.
(3) Possibility of improving international organisation
dealing with above problems.
This recommendation was adopted by the Conference.
Discussion of its economic agenda occupied the General Committee
at three sittings, the morning and afternoon of 9 April and the
morning of 10 April.
Mr. Winant, President of the Conference, acted as chairman of
the Committee which appointed a Drafting Committee composed
as follows:
For Government members:
For the Employer members:
For the Worker members:
Mr. WISSELINK.
Mr. ASHURST.
Mr. SEGIER.
It was decided that the Government member of the Drafting
Committee should act as reporter.
The Committee was assisted by the following experts: Messrs.
LORWIN, MORTISHED and W U B N I G .
The following persons acted
as secretaries: French—Messrs. GALLOIS and MILHAUD; English—
Messrs. EVANS and
WUBNIG.
It was decided that the agenda submitted by the Selection Committee
in its third report should constitute the basis of the Committee's
discussion of the economic problems of the textile industry.
From what has been said above, it is evident t h a t any attempt
to present the discussion of economic problems in the General
Committee independently of the discussion of the same problems
— 244 —
at the plenary sessions of the Conference, would be more or less
artificial. In the present Report, therefore, the effort has been
made to bring together the points raised and the suggestions made,
as regards economic problems, before both the Committee and the
Conference. Verbatim reports of the individual speeches made
at the plenary sessions of the Conference will be found in the
stenographic record of the proceedings. Summaries of the individual speeches made before the Committee will be found in the
minutes of the Committee.
It is believed expedient therefore to limit the content of this
Report to a general synthesis of outstanding points of view and of
major proposals in their bearing upon the economic factors of the
textile industry. While aiming to give as clear a picture as
possible of the differences of view expressed, this Report seeks to
bring out the points of agreement—and what may be regarded
as the common trend of the discussion.
I
There was no question in the Conference or in the General
Committee that the end of their deliberations was the improvement
of economic and social conditions in the textile industry on a world
scale. Various members of the General Committee stressed the
fact that the restoration of a healthy condition in the textile
industry is closely related to economic improvement in general
and to the progressive rise of living standards in all countries. It
was underlined that the chief reason for the slow increase in the
consumption of textiles during the past decade or so has been the
insufficiency of income of the mass of the people. The conclusion
was drawn from this that in order to expand the consumption of
textile products it is necessary to increase mass purchasing power
and to find ways and means of raising standards of living.
It was clearly brought out in the course of this discussion that
the elasticity of consumption for textile products is considerable in
most countries. The speakers before both the Conference and the
Committee were practically unanimous in maintaining that agricultural populations the world over were not consuming textile
products at a level sufficient to satisfy the requirements of a
reasonable standard of living. It was emphasised in this connection
that if the agricultural populations in all countries were put in a
more favourable economic position, their consumption of textile
— 245 —
products, particularly of cotton goods, would expand to dimensions
offering considerable possibilities for improving the present social
conditions prevailing in the textile manufacturing industry on the
basis of its present productive capacity. Specific data indicating
the great margin between actual consumption of textile products
and the possible consumption if more adequate standards of
living could be achieved were offered as regards agricultural populations in various countries. It was said, for instance, that if the
consumption of cotton cloth per head of the population in China
were increased even moderately, considerable expansion in the
textile industry would follow. It was stated by one of the Indian
delegates t h a t the per capita consumption of textile products in
India is at present only 16.4 yards per year, but t h a t it would
require several times as many yards a year for a man to be adequately clothed in that country. Statements along similar lines were
advanced in respect to Poland, Mexico, and other countries.
Statistical evidence was also brought forward illustrating how
increased farmer's income in recent years had, in the United States
at least, expanded the consumption of textile products in rural
areas.
The discussion made it clear further that consumption of textile
products by industrial workers was also at unsatisfactorily low levels
and that even in some of the most advanced industrial countries
large elements of the population are still below not only what may
be regarded as an adequate minimum of consumption of textiles
but also far below the levels of consumption already attained by
some of the better paid groups of the industrial population. It was
furthermore the consensus of opinion that if industrial workers
were enabled to consume more textile goods, whether by higher
incomes, lower prices or both, they would do so quickly and in
large measure. Certain data were brought forward illustrating
that the consumption of textile goods among low-income industrial
workers in the United States expands more rapidly than income.
Family budget studies made in a number of American cities,
summaries of which were circulated to the Committee, were
referred to as showing t h a t as family incomes rise from $1,000 to
$2,700 a year, the total dollar expenditures on clothing increase in
some cities as much as sevenfold. It was stated that if the wages
of unskilled workers in New York City were to be raised to the
present level of skilled workers, it would result in a threefold
increase in expenditure for clothing. More generally, the data
submitted show t h a t without any change in industrial demand
— 246 —
for cotton textiles over 1929, the total consumption of cotton in
the United States would be 25 per cent, greater to-day than in that
year if wage earners and farm communities consumed cotton
products in quantities equal to those required to maintain a level
of living adequate to ensure health and social decency. In other
words, the actual consumption of raw cotton in the United States
in 1929 was 3,423,000,000 pounds, while the potential consumption
on the social basis indicated would be 4,281,000,000 pounds—that
is, a potential per capita consumption of 34 pounds as against an
actual per capita consumption in 1929 of 27.7 pounds. Taking
the world as a whole, it was indicated that if cotton textile consumption increased to the average per capita consumption of the present
population of Western Europe it would call for approximately forty
million bales of cotton a year for piece goods alone instead of the
present consumption of twenty-six million bales to cover all uses.
II
The speakers before the Conference and the Committee were
agreed that a material increase in mass purchasing power which
would raise consumption levels would help to remove many of
the obstacles now in the way of improving social conditions in the
textile manufacturing industry. At the same time, several of the
speakers pointed out that where demand was elastic, as in the case
of textile goods, consumption might be discouraged by ill-considered
increases in the cost of production leading to an advance in sales
prices.
Some divergencies of opinion, and of emphasis, appeared in the
formulation of methods for expanding purchasing power. Workers'
delegates maintained that the best formula for expanding purchasing
power was to raise wages and increase labour earnings. They
argued that wages were only a small share of the total costs of
production in textile manufacturing, so that the resulting cost
increases, if any, would be moderate. They further argued that
the limits of improved efficiency and productivity in textile manufacturing were far from reached, so that considerable possibilities
still remained for raising wages without advancing manufacturing
costs. At the same time, the workers' spokesmen maintained that
a general levelling up of wages would so augment the consumption
of textile goods the world over as to permit manufacturers to benefit
from the economies of large-scale production, making full use of the
— 247 —
productive facilities now idle because of insufficient demand. It
was further stated in this connection that inasmuch as the textile
workers numbering some 14 million throughout the world formed
a large part of the working population in most countries, an increase
of their earnings would in itself mean an enlargement of purchasing
power, a large part of which would necessarily go into textile
consumption. Furthermore, part of this purchasing power would
go towards the purchasing of other articles of consumption, which
would in turn mean increased business activity and larger earnings
on the part of workers in other industries who in their turn would
be enabled to spend more money on textiles.
The majority of the employers' spokesmen were of the opinion
that the most appropriate method of enlarging purchasmg power
was to lower the sales prices of textile goods. They contended
that measures such as a shorter working week, with maintained
weekly earnings, would operate to force production costs upward
and should be avoided. In this connection stress was laid both
on the substantial ratio of labour costs to total production cost, and
on the pyramiding of higher costs from one manufacturing process
to the next. The appropriate means for lowering prices, it was
suggested, ran along the lines of greater efficiency in the production
of raw materials and in the manufacturing and marketing of
semi-finished and finished products. It was particularly emphasised
by many of the employers' delegates and advisers that a large part
of the world's total output of textile goods went toward oversea
and colonial countries where income levels were very low and where
consumers were in no position to sustain the effects of increases in
the prices of textile goods. On the other hand, the employers'
representatives of the United States pointed to the successful
operation of the 40-hour week in the textile industry under conditions increasing the purchasing power of the masses.
Varying points of view on how best to increase purchasing
power were put forward by Government delegates and advisers.
Spokesmen for several countries producing raw materials were of
the opinion that the most efficacious method of immediately
enlarging the consumption of textile goods was to obtain improved
world market prices for primary commodities. It was emphasised
that the agricultural populations, especially in the Far East, in
Africa, and in Latin America, were producers of primary products
such as sugar, wheat, cocoa, tea, coffee, textile fibres and rubber,
and that these populations must get better prices for what they
produce if they are to be in a position to spend more for textile
— 248 —
products. While emphasising this point, members of the Committee realised that an indefinite rise in raw material prices might
create serious problems in turn and that the problem is one of
price relationship, of a proper adjustment between agricultural
and industrial prices. The measures taken to give the agricultural
populations a better return for their products must be so guided as
to promote a balanced growth of industrial activity in general.
Representatives of other Governments pointed out that in their
experience the greatest stimulus to the consumption of textile
goods came from an advance in the general tempo of industrial
activity arising out of an increase in the purchasing power at the
disposal of low-income groups. Representatives of still other
countries emphasised that where the national welfare of the textile
industry depended largely on exports to oversea and colonial
markets, it was imperative to preserve purchasing power of lowincome consumers by avoiding all measures which would burden
textile manufacturing with substantially higher costs of production,
especially as the effects of an improved standard of living in these
countries upon textile consumption would take many years to make
themselves felt.
In this connection the members of the Committee were led to
consider the question whether price reductions were inconsistent
with higher wages and better working standards. With some
exceptions, it was recognised that price reductions were not
necessarily and in all circumstances inconsistent with higher wages
and improved working standards. The differences of opinion which
arose on this point concerned rather the question of whether or
not the conditions were present for reconciling the interests of the
workers in higher wages which would permit reasonable standards
of living with the interests of employers in lower prices which
would encourage maximum sales. It was also recognised, for
example, that improvement in labour efficiency, where such
improvement was possible, would go a long way toward offsetting
the price-raising effects of higher labour standards. In connection
with this point, special references were made to the increase in
labour and machine productivity which had taken place since the
war in various branches of the industry and in various countries.
In mills where industrial techniques represented the best technical
practice in each year, there was more than a 33 1/s per cent, decrease
in the number of man-hours required to produce a given amount
of cotton textiles in the United States between 1910 and 1936.
In Shanghai cotton mills, the average output per weaver increased
— 249 —
over 46 per cent, between 1933 and 1935. The production of jute
yarn in England per operative had increased from 110.7 cwt. in
1934 to 148 cwt. in 1935; in Poland, it was said, one cotton textile
operative before the war operated two looms and the time lost was
approximately 25 to 35 per cent, of the working day; since the
war, each operative operates four looms and the time lost is only
20 per cent. In the same country the number of workers employed
on one thousand spindles before the war was between 11 and 13,
whereas now it has been reduced to between five and eight. Some
speakers, however, contended that the increase in labour efficiency
was in part due to improved raw materials and better preparatory
processes.
But while a number of delegates argued that the possibilities
of improving efficiency were considerable, others, chiefly the employer spokesmen, maintained that the actual possibilities were
less extensive. An increase in efficiency in 'some countries was
said to be difficult owing to the contraction of export markets as
a result of changes in the distribution of textile manufacturing
and of increased international competition. In the view of other
speakers, however, the textile manufacturing industry in manycountries was far from using the best available equipment or the
most effective managerial methods. This affected workers' wages
adversely because the more efficient plants did not always increase
wages as plant efficiency increased, and hence the inefficient plants
often dominated the fixing of wages and working conditions.
While the workers' spokesmen stressed the idea that enlarged
purchasing power resulting in an expanding consumption of textiles
would help to lower prices, the majority of the employers' spokesmen
were inclined to stress the curtailed employment and diminished
purchasing power which might result from further rationalisation
in textile manufacturing. It was generally admitted that enlarged
sales of textile goods would go a long way toward permitting a
simultaneous raising of wages and lowering of prices. What,
however, would be the consequences of higher wages in enlarging
or expanding the textile market ? On the one hand, it was argued
that higher textile wages would further contract export markets
in agricultural countries and might shift consumption to other
commodities. On the other hand, it was said that higher wages,
by stimulating home demand, would permit larger output with all
the attendant economies in costs. The experience of- certain
countries was cited as regards the increases in labour, costs and
sales prices which might be expected to result from given increases
— 250 —
in wages. It was realised that the results found in practice were
related to concomitant increase in productivity, expansion of output
and enlargement of textile markets.
Considerable evidence was brought forward as to the effects of
changes in fashion and in social customs upon the consumption
of textile goods as a whole and as to the effects of shifts in consumption as among different textile fibres. With regard to the first
question, attention was drawn to the habit of wearing smaller
quantities of clothing, particularly of underclothing, and to the
effects which the heating of homes and offices has upon the use
of clothing. Similarly, attention was drawn to the substitution
of paper for textile fibres as the raw material for napkins, towels,
handkerchiefs, etc. With respect to the second question, particular emphasis was laid upon the competition of rayon with silk,
of cotton with jute, and upon the reduced use of linen in favour of
other fibres.
As regards changes in fashion bearing upon the total consumption
of textile goods, it was thought by some speakers that Governments
might profitably consider ways and means of encouraging larger
uses of textiles. Several speakers also suggested that, in particular,
Government measures be taken to protect textile manufacturers
in the use of patterns and designs. As regards shifts from one
textile fibre to others, the view was expressed that this resulted
largely from factors of fashion and of relative pricing. Some
speakers pointed out that the internal competition among the
different fibres and the respective branches of industry was so
persistent and so strong as to make it necessary, when introducing
fundamental social reforms, to apply them to the textile industry
in its entirety.
At the same time the spokesmen of the various interests involved
found themselves in substantial agreement on several methods by
which purchasing power could be augmented through price readjustments. It was suggested from several sources that means might
be found to avoid excessive fluctuations in the price of textile raw
materials. It was generally agreed that considerable economies
remained to be achieved in the spread between the prices received
by producers of textile raw materials and the prices paid by manufacturers purchasing such fibres. It was further intimated that the
costs of distributing textile goods to the consuming public offered
possibilities of more economical procedure. While the methods of
distribution differ in various countries, in general the cost of distribution could be regarded as involving a certain element of dupli-
— 251 —
cation requiring the ultimate consumer of textiles to pay an amount
for distribution which is out of proportion to manufacturing costs.
An improvement in distributing methods would spell savings in
costs, making more textile products available to lower income
groups.
Ill
Having agreed on the need for and the possibilities of expanding
the consumption of textiles, the Committee gave expression to the
view that the production of textiles should, in the long run, be
expanded rather than curtailed. The inadequate levels of consumption now prevailing the world over make it imperative, as a longrun policy for the welfare of the textile industry, to devise ways
and means of putting a larger output at the disposal of consumers.
At the same time, attention was drawn to the advisability, in
certain circumstances, of controlling the rate of growth in the
textile manufacturing industry, and to the necessity, under existing
exigencies, of adjusting capacity to the limit of curtailed effective
markets.
The reasons underlying experiments both in the United States
and in Great Britain for curtailing capacity temporarily, were
explained in some detail to the Conference and to the Committee.
It was put to the Conference and to the Committee that the United
States textile codes under the National Industrial Recovery Act
aimed at achieving a controlled rate of growth so that no region
could develop its own sales by virtue of undercutting labour
standards of other regions. It was also put to the Conference and
to the Committee that the retirement of excess cotton spindles in
Great Britain was to be explained by the sharp contraction of export
markets, attributable both to competition from countries with
lower standards and to the growth of home market production on
the part of former major customers. In the long run, however,
both the United States and Great Britain, as well as other countries
where curtailment experiments had been made, were interested in
enlarging markets and in raising consumption levels despite the
temporary circumstances which had required some curtailment of
existing capacity. The ultimate goal was abundance and plenty
of textile goods as one of the primary necessities of life.
An orderly expansion of the textile industry, however, was held
to depend upon an orderly development of international trade in
textiles. In the course of the discussion repeated references were
— 252 —
made to the fact t h a t most countries must export either textile
raw materials or textile manufactures or both, and that few
countries do in fact consume the total output of their textile
industries. The present strains and stresses in the world textile
markets were ascribed to a number of causes, but special references
were made to regional movements of productive capacity and to
disparities in costs of labour and raw materials. Many speakers,
from all groups, alluded to the extensive movement of productive
capacity in textile manufacturing from older industrial countries
and regions to newer countries and regions mostly agricultural in
character. Examples were brought forward of such movements
on the international plane, as from Europe to Asia and Latin
America; and on the national scale as from New England to the
Southern States of the United States of America. The view was
generally expressed that the economic difficulties in the older
industrial regions and countries were largely related to this shifting
of productive capacity, particularly with respect to national
industries largely dependent upon exports for their prosperity. It
was also argued that differences in national levels of wages were
one of the primary factors in inducing the movement in question.
In considering the relationship between newer and older textile
areas, it was generally accepted t h a t the spread of the textile
industry to new countries was inevitable and that on the whole
it represented a means for improving the economic condition of
the world. The progressive development of industrialism was
recognised as a means for increasing the national income of the
populations of the less developed countries. Such an increase in
their national income was said to be essential if the peoples of these
areas were to take more of the goods produced with competitive
advantage in the developed industrial areas. However, it was
stressed that such a growth must take place without undue and
excessive stimulation by uneconomic methods. The danger lay
not in the spread of the textile industry to new countries but in
the methods by which such spread was stimulated, which might
cause a surplus of productive capacity and which upset the competitive balance between the different countries of the world.
The desirability of a balanced growth between the textile industries of different countries and regions was thus indicated. It was
in this connection especially that the importance of labour standards
was emphasised. It was maintained that the wide disparities in
labour standards were largely responsible for the strains in international competition and for the restrictive commercial policies
— 253 —
adopted by high wage countries against the countries with lower
wage standards. In the course of this discussion some references
were made to conditions in Japan and their effect upon international trade. Japanese members of the Committee claimed that
labour conditions in the textile manufacturing industry of Japan
compared favourably with conditions of similar workers in several
of the other countries. Japanese members of the Committee made
the following points: (1) that Japanese real wages were not as low
as nominal wage figures seemed to indicate, because of the higher
purchasing power of the yen within the country; (2) that the
Japanese textile workers received a large part of their payment
in indirect wages as a result of the dormitory system prevailing
in the country and of the various welfare activities of Japanese
employers. Without estimating the exact amount of these indirect
expenditures for workers' welfare, the Japanese members emphasised
the fact that the small amount paid by the girls to cover, sometimes
only a part of, the cost of the wholesome and nutritious food,
gratuitous use of the lodging facilities of the clean and sanitary
dormitories, the entertainment which was supplied to them, the
educational facilities afforded them and the various recreational
opportunities, provided them with a standard of living which was
not only far above that of the homes from which they came but
also compared well with the standards of living of similar workers
in other countries; (3) that the recent large expansion in Japan's
exports of cotton and rayon goods was mainly a result of and in
partial compensation for the drastic decline in the price of raw
silk, a decline which had sharply curtailed that country's power
to import foodstuffs, raw materials and manufactures; and (4) that
comparison between wage rates paid in Japan and elsewhere could
be deceptive unless due allowances were made for the totally
different habits of life which prevailed in Japan as compared with
other countries.
On the other hand, a number of workers' and employers' representatives from other countries criticised the dormitory system,
stressed the low money and real wages in the textile mills of Japan
and called attention to the fact that the wage differences between
Japan and older industrial countries had increased despite the fact
that wages had fallen in the older areas of textile-producing
countries and that productivity had risen in the new textile areas.
It was recognised, however, that in newly industrialised countries
the wages of textile workers, while low, were often higher than
the earnings of the agricultural population from which the workers
— 254 —
were recruited. The Committee thus came back again to the need
of improving agricultural conditions.
Many members of the Committee stressed the view that competition should not work itself out by the lowering of labour standards.
It was pointed out that no area of the world could expect to reap
advantages from low-wage standards and excessive hours of work
for very long, that such advantages were temporary in character
and that the only way for permanent economic and industrial
development is by means of a levelling up of labour standards
everywhere. It was urged that if more attention were given to
reducing the international divergencies in labour standards which
were one of the primary factors in bringing about the present
dislocation in the world trade in textiles, a better equilibrium of
supply and demand as well as a fuller measure of social justice
might be more readily, achieved.
Various members of the Committee suggested in this connection
that the improvement of labour standards should be connected
with measures for the easing of international competition and
trade. Considerable emphasis was laid in this connection on
tariff policies, including high protective duties and quotas, as
measures which curtailed existing markets. While giving full
weight to the national interests which made it seem advisable to
many countries to protect their own textile industries, most of the
speakers were in substantial agreement that the lowering of tariff
obstacles would, taking the world as a whole, lead to an expansion
of markets and would in large measure render unnecessary attempts
to curtail capacity. A number of speakers urged that the best
way to improve labour standards and to expand trade in textiles is
to establish some concrete and practical relations between the
freeing of trade and the improvement of working conditions. The
workers' group illustrated the possibilities of such procedure by
referring to the way in which the tariff measures of the United
States had operated to eliminate in short time the " penal sanctions
system " from the tobacco plantations of the Netherlands East
Indies.
Exchange restrictions as well as the difficulties encountered by
certain countries in procuring adequate supplies of raw materials
were felt by some speakers to be further elements in preventing
the full use of the textile manufacturing capacity which existed.
It was urged by those who maintained this view that it was essential
in the interests of the textile industries and of economic improvement in general to remove exchange restrictions as far as practicable
— 255 —
by means of monetary stabilisation and to make it possible for all
countries to obtain adequate raw material supplies at reasonable
prices.
Several speakers alluded to the practice in certain countries of
providing textile exporters with direct or indirect subsidies. They
argued that such subsidies were a disturbing element in international competition with effects analogous to those resulting
from competition by means of low wages. They argued further
that if this practice is continued labour standards might be pressed
downwards in countries which did not make such direct or indirect
subsidies available to exporters of textile goods.
IV
From the discussion in the Conference and in the Committee, it
would appear that there are distinct possibilities of relating some
reduction in the trade barriers which now obstruct world commerce
in textile goods with the general levelling-up of labour standards
in the industry. On the one hand, the opinion was expressed
generally that the removal of some of the present obstacles to
world trade in textile goods was an essential condition for reviving full prosperity in the industry and for maintaining its
welfare at a permanently high level. On the other hand, it was
agreed that, although the labour standards of the textile industry
were far from ideal in any country, there were extreme divergencies among countries as regards the standards which actually
exist.
Several speakers made the point that many of the existing
obstacles to international trade, in textiles as well as in other
goods, arose because it was necessary for countries with higher
labour standards to protect their competitive positions against
countries with lower labour standards. Some speakers went so
far, in fact, as to suggest that it might be necessary in the long run
for the countries with the more advanced labour standards in the
textile industry to protect themselves by tariff measures still more
than at present against the competition of countries with less
advanced standards. It was also intimated to the Conference and
the Committee that some of the most important textile manufacturing countries, where the labour standards diverge most markedly
from those prevailing in Europe and North America, might have
been able to make advances toward better working conditions if
— 256 —
their exports had not been hampered by protective tariffs and
quota restrictions. In the Conference and the Committee it was
suggested that it might be advisable to explore the possibilities of
relieving world commerce in textile products from some of its more
serious hindrances simultaneously and in conjunction with a
removal of some of the more extreme divergencies in national
labour standards in the textile industry.
All speakers stressed the international ramifications of the
textile industry binding the various countries of the world into a
common system of production, consumption and trade. Within
this world system, industrial countries are largely dependent on
agricultural countries for raw materials, while agricultural countries,
though in process of developing their own capacity to manufacture
textile goods, are still large import markets. While all countries
are in vigorous competition in most textile markets, this competition
resting in large measure on differences in labour costs, it has been
intimated that some of the countries with the lowest labour costs
envisage their economic function primarily as supplying low-income
populations, particularly in oversea markets, with cheap textile
goods which the high labour costs countries would not find it in
their economic interest to supply. All these facts taken together
suggest that the various countries concerned in the textile industry,
as producers and as consumers, as exporters and importers, might
find it fruitful to explore the possibility of international agreements
relating to access to textile raw materials, to the shifting of productive capacity, the stabilisation of competition in different
textile markets, as well as the freeing of the world trade in textiles
in response to the levelling-up of labour standards.
That the economic problems of the textile industry, above all
other industries, calls for international action as the proper solution,
is a point upon which all speakers agreed. The outstanding
suggestions which have been advanced during the course of the
discussion may be summarised as follows :
1. That, in framing their commercial policies, Governments
should take account of social conditions prevailing in countries
with which they have trade relations, and in particular should
bear in mind the standards set by international labour Conventions.
2. That, in the interests of enlarged trade as well as of improved
social conditions, Governments should seek every opportunity to
reduce unreasonable trade barriers.
— 257 —
3. That an International Tripartite Committee might be set
up within the International Labour Organisation to study measures
necessary to achieve prosperity and social justice in the textile
industry, or more generally to consider all the economic and social
problems of the textile industry.
4. That the efforts now being made to co-ordinate the interests
of producers and consumers of textile raw materials should be
further pursued and further implemented, with particular emphasis
on increasing the suitability and accessibility of raw materials for
the technical and economic requirements of the industry in order
to improve efficiency and lower costs.
5. That Governments might contemplate the establishment of
an International Commission to consider production and prices in
the textile industry as a whole. In this connection it was said
that greater balance in the world textile industry involves to a
certain degree industrial planning on an international scale.
6. That minimum wage-fixing machinery and trade boards be
established in countries where they do not exist to regulate wages
and working conditions.
7. Efforts should be made to increase the purchasing power of
consumers in agricultural countries.
*
*
*
The general sentiment of the Committee which seems to emerge
from the speeches made during its sittings is that the discussion of
the economic problems of the textile industry by representatives
of Governments, employers and workers which has been made
possible for the first time in the present Conference has served a
very useful purpose. It has enabled the difficulties which confront
the industry to be more clearly visualised ; the obstacles in the way
to further social progress to be seen in their correct perspective.
The large consensus of opinion expressed in favour of international
action being taken with a view to overcoming these obstacles
through diminishing the economic difficulties which are at present
hampering the industry, suggests the necessity for the continuous
consideration of the problems and policies of the industry and the
desirability of creating the necessary instruments for that purpose.
Vol. u.
17
258
R E P O R T ON SOCIAL PROBLEMS OF T H E T E X T I L E
INDUSTRY
1. In accordance with the recommendation made by the
Selection Committee in its third report, the Conference decided
t h a t the economic and social problems of the textile industry, to
which many references had been made during the course of the
first ten plenary sittings of the Conference, should be further
considered in committee of the whole Conference. It was considered
desirable t h a t social and economic problems, though closely
interrelated, should be considered separately.
2. The following members were appointed as the
Committee:
Drafting
For the Government members : Mr. Picquenard (French Government delegate), reporter.
For the employers' members:
Mr. Ashurst (British employers'
delegate).
Substitute:
Mr. Van der Muelen (Netherlands employers' delegate).
For the workers' members :
Mr. Arthur Shaw (British workers' delegate).
3. The Committee adopted the following agenda as the basis
for its discussion of the social problems of the textile industry:
I.
II.
III.
Methods of regulating conditions
Collective bargaining and agreements.
Legal enforcement of agreements.
Minimum wage machinery.
Hours of work and wages in relation thereto
Working week and overtime.
Shift work.
Night work.
Rest periods and holidays—weekly rest, annual holidays with pay.
Health and efficiency
Number of machines per worker.
Employment of children.^
Health and safety.
IV. Social services.
— 259 —
4. A suggestion was made that the Committee should consider
also the extent of the membership of employers' and workers'
organisations in the textile industry. It was felt, however, that
this matter would fall more appropriately within the scope of the
work of the Committee on Statistics, and it was accordingly decided
to call the attention of that Committee to it.
5. The Committee devoted five sittings to the discussion of
social problems in the textile industry. It would obviously be
impossible to reproduce at length all the information given and
arguments adduced during the course of these sittings, and this
report is therefore intended merely to give a general survey of the
debates. At the same time it has been thought desirable to take
into account, not merely the discussion in Committee, but also
certain of the references to social problems which were made in
the course of the plenary sittings.
I. —• METHODS OF REGULATING CONDITIONS
6. The discussion on this subject revealed a striking consensus
of opinion among Government, employers' and workers' representatives as to the necessity and value of collective negotiation and
agreement concerning conditions of employment. It also evoked
a number of valuable expressions of opinion, based on practical
experience, as to the desirability of reinforcing the system of
collective negotiation and agreement by the intervention of the
State. By a happy coincidence, this discussion took place on the
very day when in the United States the Supreme Court gave
judgment upholding in five cases the constitutionality of the
Wagner Labor Relations Act, and when in Great Britain an Order
of the Minister of Labour came into force giving compulsory legal
effect, under the Cotton Manufacturing (Temporary Provisions)
Act, 1934, to voluntary agreements entered into by the employers'
and workers' organisations in a section of the British cotton industry.
This coincidence emphasised the practical character of the discussion.
7. Spokesmen representing not only workers' organisations but
also both the employers and the Governments of three such
important textile-producing countries as Great Britain, France
and Belgium, all paid tribute to the value, as a means of securing
stability, good relations and progressively better conditions in the
— 260 —
industry, of free organisation on both sides and the conclusion of
collective agreements after negotiation on a basis of equality and
mutual respect between the employers' and workers' organisations.
The United States employers' delegate stated that the Government,
employers and workers are in favour of the principle of collective
bargaining. Several speakers, however, pointed out that the
efficacy of the regulation of conditions of employment by this
method depended on the effectiveness of the organisation on both
sides, and that to secure the general and strict observance of agreements, supplementary action had been shown by experience to be
necessary. In the absence of such supplementary action, parties
to agreements had in practice found their intentions defeated by
the non-compliance of persons who were not members of, or subject
to control by, the organisations negotiating the agreement. Steps
had therefore been taken in various countries to extend agreements
concluded voluntarily between employers' and workers' organisations so as to make them apply compulsorily to all employers
and workers in the particular field covered. This step had been
taken in Czechoslovakia, where an Act passed at the joint request
of the employers' and workers' organisations provides that collective
agreements may be made binding on third parties, and where
100,000 workers in the textile industry are now covered by agreements which have thus been made binding. Similar action had been
taken in Great Britain, under the Act of 1934 already referred to,
in respect of wages in the weaving section of the cotton industry,
and the statements made in Committee show that the working of
the Act has proved highly satisfactory to the Government and the
employers' and workers' organisations concerned. Further confirmation of the value of this system is given by the experience of
France, where legislation passed in 1936 empowers the Government
to make collective agreements concluded between the most representative organisations in an industry or district binding on all the
employers and workers concerned.
8. Reference was also made in Committee to other methods of
ensuring the regulation of working conditions on the basis of joint
discussion between representatives on both sides. One of the
British workers' advisers paid a tribute to the value of the trade
board system in cases where organisation in the industry is defective,
while the Belgian Government delegate described the working of
the joint committees in that country, first established in 1919
and now extended to a large number of the most important industries, which maintain permanent contact between the employers'
— 261 —
and workers' organisations, and provide for the joint consideration
of wages and all other conditions of work, the prevention and settlement of disputes, and the consideration of proposals for legislation.
Speaking as Chairman of the Joint Committee for the Textile
Industry, the Belgian Government delegate bore testimony to the
value of the work of such committees.
9. The view was expressed by a number of speakers that there
are, however, limitations upon the extent to which voluntary
agreements, even when reinforced by the authority of the State,
can provide an effective and permanent guarantee of the proper
regulation of working conditions and the prevention of unfair
competition based upon inferior conditions of employment. Purely
voluntary agreements may be terminated at the will of the parties.
To secure durable equality in competitive conditions, legislative
action is often necessary. In the national field, regulation by the
method of legislation therefore offers a greater degree of security,
but from the international point of view, even legislation by itself
is not a sufficient guarantee. Legislation can be repealed unless
there is some guarantee of its continuance. Such a safeguard is
afforded by the ratification of international labour Conventions.
Voluntary organisation and voluntary agreement after free negotiation may therefore be regarded as the necessary starting-point
for the proper regulation of working conditions, but cannot be
regarded as sufficient in themselves.
10. The foregoing summary does not, of course, represent the
views of all the members of the Committee without exception. For
example, the majority of the employers of the Netherlands are not
yet prepared to agree to the principle of national collective bargaining. Similarly, while the British employers in the cottonmanufacturing section of the industry approve of the use of legislation to secure effective regulation of wages, British textile employers are not prepared to agree that hours of work should be
regulated by statutory authority.
Nevertheless, the general
conclusions to be drawn from the course of the discussion might
be summed up as follows:
(1) Collective agreements are of special importance mainly in
the regulation of matters which are not dealt with by legislation
and may serve as a very useful preparation for future legislation.
They may also be of great utility in the working out and application
of the detailed execution of legislation, subject to and within the
general limits laid down by the law.
— 262 —
(2) Even in the national field, recourse to legislation is in some
cases indispensable to secure a sure and comprehensive basis for
the establishment of conditions of fair competition between employers and the proper regulation of conditions of employment.
(3) In the international field the same purposes can be achieved
by international agreement embodied in an international Convention.
II. — HOURS OF WORK AND WAGES IN RELATION
THERETO
11. The discussion in the Committee concerning the application
of the 40-hour week to the textile industry revealed, of course, a
much wider divergence of view than was the case with the discussion of collective negotiation and agreement.
12. The United States delegation rendered very material service
to the Committee by furnishing detailed statistical analyses of
some of the results of the introduction of the 40-hour week in
textile undertakings.
13. The first statement, submitted on behalf of the employers'
delegate of the United States, concerned costs in a typical undertaking during a 6-year period in which working hours were 55 a
week and during the last three years since hours, were reduced to
40 a week. It was pointed out that the reduction of hours had
facilitated a change-over from a single shift to a two-shift system
of working and that the latter system has now become fairly
general in the United States. The analysis deserves to be studied
in detail and the Committee accordingly decided that it should be
reproduced in full in the Committee Records. The main conclusions
can, however, be given here. The change in the working week
and the introduction of the two-shift system resulted in an immediate increase in manufacturing costs, but the increase in production
was slightly in excess of the increase in the cost of production. It
had been anticipated that the increase in labour costs would be
37% per cent., but in actual fact the increase was only 12 per cent.,
though weekly wages were not lowered and hourly rates were
increased. This result was secured by the utilisation of improved
machinery, a better arrangement of processes, application of skilled
labour, a more adequate scheduling of the flow of production, and
a better selection of raw materials. The change from the 55-hour
— 263 —
to the 40-hour week thus demonstrated the necessity and possibility of improved technology. As for the effect of the change on
the employer's interests, the statement showed that the dividends
paid to the investors during the 40-hour week period averaged
approximately the same as those paid during the 55-hour period.
The amount available for expenditure on planned improvement
with the shorter working week was approximately 70 per cent, in
excess of that available with the longer week, and the net working
capital available was approximately 50 per cent, in excess. The
interests of the owners of the business, therefore, did not suffer
by reason of the change. These results were typical of the experience
of the cotton textile industry of the United States as a whole and
served to indicate why the cotton textile manufacturers of that
country considered the 40-hour working week as a practicable and
desirable basis for operation of their industry, provided that the
management has the continued opportunity to utilise the best
available manufacturing technique.
14. The possibilities of improvements in production were also
stressed in the second statement, furnished by the United States
Government delegation. A study had been made of technological
progress in a number of cotton mills in the United States, and
certain of the conclusions reached may be briefly indicated. Despite
the stimulus to improved management due to the wage increases
accompanying the shorter working week, United States cotton mills
have not yet fully utilised the possibilities of installing modern
equipment. Between 1923 and 1936 labour productivity had
increased very substantially (by more than 20 per cent, in 12 out
of 13 mills examined, and by as much as 55 per cent, in one mill),
and the change to a 40-hour week was essentially a delayed recognition of the technological progress that had been achieved over
the preceding decade or was within the reach of the management.
In spite of increased productivity, over the period from 1923 to
1929, the workers had secured almost no gains in earnings, nor
could they have secured any gain except by collective agreement
or legislation to bring about some equalisation of wage rates in
the several regions of the United States. The tendency of the wide
divergencies in rates of pay until then had been to intensify competition, to sharpen the drive for technical progress and, at the
same time, to depress labour standards.
15. The workers' members of the Committee regarded the
experience of the United States as a confirmation of their view
— 264 —
t h a t the reduction of the working week was both practicable and
¿desirable. They referred also to the experience of France, where
the 40-hour week has been in operation in the textile industry
since January of the present year. The French Government
representative, while not prepared to draw final conclusions from
so short an experience, nevertheless stated that the industry had
adapted itself without serious difficulty to the shorter working
week as applied under the Decree now in force, and t h a t the
reduction of hours of work had resulted in a substantial decrease
in partial unemployment.
16. The spokesmen of the employers of other countries were
not prepared to accept the experience of the United States as
conclusive. It was argued that the data given showed that a
27 per cent, reduction in hours of work resulted in an increase of
only 10 per cent, in the number of workers employed to secure the
same output, and that the results would be even less if the comparison were made between the 48-hour week and the 40-hour
week instead of between the 55-hour week and the 40-hour week.
17. Apart from the introduction of the two-shift system and
the speeding up of rationalisation which had characterised the
change to a shorter working week in the United States, it was
argued by several employers' representatives that account must
be taken of the fact that the United States had a very large domestic
market, and its textile industry was not dependent upon export
trade. Other countries could not afford to ignore the question of
foreign competition and no one country could undertake to reduce
its hours of work unless it was assured t h a t all its competitors would
do likewise. To this argument, representatives of the workers and
of certain Governments and employers replied that the purpose of
the adoption of a Draft Convention on the shorter working week
was to secure the widespread application of the reform, and so
avoid any intensification of the competition between textileproducing countries.
18. The question of foreign competition, and particularly
competition between Western and Oriental countries, was discussed
at considerable length and in view of the importance attached by
the Committee to the relative levels of social conditions in the west
and the east, it may be useful to bring together very briefly certain
important items of information communicated by delegates from
the Eastern countries both in plenary sitting and in Committee.
— 265 —
19. For Japan, it was stated that the actual hours of work in
cotton spinning and large-scale weaving factories are 8y2 per day
with a weekly rest. In silk reeling, which employs 330,000 workers
—more than cotton spinning and weaving combined—the hours
of work are generally 10 a day, with two rest days a month. This,
however, is a seasonal industry and the number of working days
in the year is only about 250. Rayon yarn production employs
72,000 workers. Of this total, 28,000 work on continuous processes
and 95 per cent, of those work on a three 8-hour shift basis. Of
the remaining 44,000, employed on non-continuous work, 99 per
cent, work from 7% to 9% hours a day, 8% hours being the
average, and only 1 per cent, exceed 9% hours per day. Night
work of women and young persons has long been prohibited. The
proportion of young persons employed has also been substantially
reduced, having fallen from 13 per cent, in 1921 to 9 per cent, in
1932. It was contended that the dormitory system was necessary,
and indeed desirable, in the special conditions of Japan. The girls
spend only a few years in the factories after leaving the primary
school—in a typical case, 86 per cent, of the girls worked for only
two years; only 10 per cent, for more than two years, and the rest
for more than three years—and in many respects their way of
life, apart from their work in the factory, might be compared with
that of girls in a boarding school.
20. As regards China, the Chinese workers' delegate stated
that there were 500,000 workers in modern textile factories, threequarters of whom were women and children. Hours of work
were very long, an 11-hour day and 66-hour week being common,
and wages low, the pay received by a Chinese worker for an 11-hour
day being only 60 Chinese or 18 United States cents. An especially
important feature of the situation in China was that 46 per cent, of
the Chinese textile workers were employed in factories owned by
foreigners. As will be seen later in this report, the Committee
devoted special consideration to the problem of foreign undertakings in China.
21. In India-there had been considerable reductions of hours
of work in recent years. The working week, which at one time
was 72 hours, had been reduced first to 60 hours and then,
since the beginning of 1935, to a legal maximum of 54 hours.
From 1931 to 1935 the jute-manufacturing industry voluntarily
worked on a 40-hour basis and to-day, according to the statement of the Indian employers' delegate, it is mostly on a 48-hour
— 266 —
week basis, though it still has to contend with serious difficulties.
22. The Netherlands Government representative pointed out
that one of the vital problems of the industry was an increase in
consumption in Oriental and other extra-European markets.
The reduction of hours in European countries would add nothing
to the incomes of those foreign customers and the increase in cost
of production due to the shorter working week would bear more
heavily on European countries than on their Oriental competitors,
since the proportion of total cost due to labour was substantially
higher in the European countries.
23. The British employers laid special stress on the connection
between hours of work and wages and argued that since international regulation of wages was impossible it would likewise be
impossible to establish an effective international regulation of
hours.
24. In connection with this discussion, attention should be
called to the suggestion put forward by the French Government
delegate to the effect that, while the limit of hours of work should
in principle be the same for all countries, it might be expedient to
consider the possibility of permitting, as had been done in the
Hours of Work (Industry) Convention of 1919, special transitional
arrangements for certain countries. On the other hand, it was
pointed out by the workers' representatives that experience had
shown that exceptions provided in certain Conventions in favour of
certain countries had not always induced those countries to ratify
and apply the Conventions. Consequently, the workers were of
opinion that, more especially as regards the reduction of hours of
work, exceptions were in no way desirable or useful or to be recommended. In any case, it would, of course, be for the International
Labour Conference in June to decide whether and to what extent
such special arrangements should be permitted and the countries
to which they should apply.
25. Apart from the question of the shorter working week, a
useful discussion took place on the question of shift working and
night work. The extent to which two day-time shifts are worked
varies considerably from country to country. The system of two
shifts, each operating 40 hours a week has now become general in
the United States. In Great Britain, however, out of over one
million textile workers, only about 15,000 women and young
— 267 —
persons were found on enquiry in 1935 to be working on a shift
system, 1,900 of these being employed in the cotton section,
2,500 in the woollen section, 6,600 in the artificial silk section,
and 2,200 in the hosiery section of the industry. Where shift
working had been introduced it was generally accompanied by a
reduction in the length of the working week. In most cases,
however, this reduction in the working week was accompanied by
an adjustment of wages, so that in 13,000 out of the 15,000 cases
mentioned the workers were receiving wages for 48 hours though
working a shorter week. In France, out of a total of 900,000
workers only 50,000 work on the double shift system.
26. The tendency to shorten hours of work and to increase
hourly wages when shift working was introduced had also manifested itself in the Netherlands. In Poland three-shift working
was absolutely prohibited, and in no case was night work permitted
for women or young persons.
27. There appeared to be general agreement that where the
shift system was introduced the duration of the shift should be
shorter and that a maximum working week should be fixed.
Further, strong opposition was displayed by the workers' representatives to night work by women and young persons.
28. A further question considered was the question of annual
holidays with pay. In many countries paid holidays are accorded
to workers in the textile industry, either by law or by custom. In
this connection, as in connection with the employment of women
and young persons at night and the granting of a weekly rest to
workers, attention was called to the international Conventions
dealing with these subjects. It was pointed out that of the 27
countries represented at the Conference, only 13 had ratified the
Conventions relating to the night work of women and young persons
and to the weekly rest.
29. The Committee was not, of course, called upon to come to
any definite decision as regards the reduction of hours of work,
and could only take note of the information given and the arguments adduced. The conclusion to be drawn would appear to be
that, since the reduction of hours of work may give rise, at the
beginning at any rate, to some increase in the cost of production,
the general application of the shorter working week required to
be brought about by agreement between the various countries
concerned, so that no country would place itself at a disadvantage
— 268 —
as compared with others by taking the initiative in reducing hours.
It will be for the International Labour Conference in June to pronounce upon the desirability of introducing the shorter working
week and to decide the methods by which the shorter week can
be applied so as to take account of the economic requirements and
the seasonal fluctuations in the industry.
30. As regards wages, if the intentions of those who advocate
the shorter working week are to be realised, it is clear t h a t the
reduction of hours of work must be accompanied by the maintenance of weekly earnings. As regards the other questions discussed
by the Committee, namely, the night work of women and young
persons, the weekly rest and annual holidays with pay, the attention
of States which have not yet ratified the Conventions dealing with
these subjects—though in many cases their practice is in substantial
accord with the requirements of the Conventions—might well be
called to the desirability of ratifying them.
31. The attention of the Conference and of the Committee was
drawn to the anomalous situation existing in the textile industry
in China. It was pointed out that during the last twelve years
the Chinese imports of textiles have been reduced by about twothirds. The textile mills in China were more and more fulfilling
the requirements of the Chinese markets at the expense of other
textile-producing countries. Nevertheless, 45 per cent, of the
Chinese production was in the International Settlements where it
was not subject to Chinese jurisdiction. The matter has been raised
on several occasions in the International Labour Conference and
the Office has made repeated endeavours to reach an agreement
between authorities of the International Settlement at Shanghai
and the Chinese Government in order to ensure the application
of identical regulations as regards hours of work, safety and inspection in the International Settlement and in the rest of China. In
the absence of any such regulations, it was stated by the Chinese
workers' delegate that factories within the Settlement were working
women and young persons 11 hours per day. The need for such
regulation has been recognised by all the parties concerned and
was embodied last year in an agreement between the Municipal
Council of Shanghai and the Chinese authorities. This agreement
was not ratified, however, by the Consular Corps and therefore
was not brought into operation.
32. There was a strong feeling in the Committee that the International Labour Office should renew its efforts to bring about a
— 269 —
settlement of this question which would ensure that working
conditions should be regulated on similar lines in the International
Settlement and in the rest of China in order that factories on
Chinese territory and within the Settlement should not derive an
unfair competitive advantage by availing themselves of the absence
of labour standards.
III. — HEALTH AND EFFICIENCY
33. The discussion under this heading ranged over a wide
field. Special importance was attached by several members of
the Committee to the question of the intensity of the effort demanded of the worker by reason of the number of spindles or looms or
any other units of machinery to be tended, the nature and pace
of the work, and other factors. By another happy coincidence,
the newspapers of the day on which the Committee took up the
discussion of this subject reported a speech by the British Prime
Minister at a dinner of the Federation of British Industries, in
which he referred to the problem of " how far we can wisely reduce
existing hours in cases where nervous strain plays a large part in
the lives of men ". " It is," he said, " a question of ensuring that
those who suffer from the nervous strain incidental to certain
industries may have their health preserved and not be allowed to
become what they might wrell become if nothing were done—
nervous wrecks who are no good to themselves or the country."
34. United States delegates of all three groups pointed out that
the question of work assignments had been one of the principal
causes of the serious textile strike in that country in 1934. An
official enquiry instituted after the strike revealed the complexity
of the problem and the necessity for giving full consideration to
all the factors involved; for example, not only to the number of
looms to be tended, but also to the type of loom, the kind of cloth.
the quality of the material, incidental work such as cleaning, oiling
and adjusting the machinery, atmospheric conditions, etc. It was
therefore necessary, if work assignments were to be properly
adjusted, that they should be explained and measured, not in
terms of units of output and machinery, but in terms of actual
work required. Workers' spokesmen declared that they did not
object to rationalisation and increases in efficiency in themselves,
but that these must be subordinated to consideration of the welfare
of the worker, who must not be pushed beyond a reasonable work
— 270 —
load. The importance of this subject was also stressed by the French
Government delegate and the Swedish employers' adviser. There
appeared to be general agreement that the matter was much too
complex to be capable of being dealt with by detailed regulations,
either national or international. Each case should be dealt with
by co-operation and agreement between employers and workers,
and the subject was eminently suitable for collective agreements.
35. Attention was also called to a number of other matters
affecting the health and efficiency of workers, such as effective
lighting, the proper regulation of temperature throughout the day,
the provision and utilisation of seating accommodation, the prohibition of the lifting of excessive weights, measures to reduce the
risk of accident and occupational disease, etc. It was recognised
that the International Labour Office had already collected and
published a considerable volume of information on these matters,
but it was suggested that the Office might consider the possibility
of extending its studies in this field and publishing the results in
such a form that they would be readily accessible to all those
concerned in the textile industry.
36. On the question of the employment of young persons, some
employers' representatives urged that for certain kinds of work
the nimble fingers of young persons were necessary and that early
training was desirable in the interests of the workers themselves.
They also expressed some apprehension lest the raising of the
minimum age for the admission of children to employment should
result in a shortage of labour. From the workers' side, however,
it was argued that the real remedy for any disinclination of young
persons to enter the industry was to make conditions of employment
more attractive. The necessity for fixing a minimum age for employment was not contested in any quarter, and in this connection
attention was called to the fact that out of the 27 countries represented at the Conference only 12 had yet ratified the Minimum
Age (Industry) Convention of 1919. The French Government
delegate, it should be added, announced that his country, which
had not yet ratified this Convention, would shortly do so. It would
seem to be expedient to call the attention of Governments which
have not yet ratified this Convention to the desirability of giving
further consideration to the question of ratification. It must also
be borne in mind that the question of the revision of the Convention
so as to raise the minimum age to fifteen years is to come before
the International Labour Conference in June.
— 271 —
IV. — SOCIAL SERVICES
37. Several references were made in the course of the discussion
to the necessity for taking account, when making comparisons
between social standards in different countries, not only of hours
of work and wages, but also of the general level of social conditions.
This point was emphasised by the British Government delegate,
who remarked that though expenditure on social services was
undoubtedly of great benefit in the long run to employers and
workers alike, the question of the cost of such services should not
be ignored when considering competitive costs at any given moment.
In the United Kingdom, apart from social services provided for
workers on a purely voluntary basis, services provided with the
aid of public funds or as a matter of statutory obligation on the
employer covered a very wide range and entailed very heavy
expenditure. The total national expenditure, including payments
out of public funds towards contributory and non-contributory
social services and the employers' and workers' contributions to
contributory social insurance schemes amounted to about
£500,000,000 a year.
SUMMARY
38. It will be seen t h a t the discussion by the Committee of the
social problems of the textile industry covered a wide range of
subjects, furnished an occasion for a very useful exchange of
information and views and evoked a considerable number of
interesting suggestions. The principal features of the discussion
may be briefly summed up as follows:
(1) Voluntary organisation of employers and workers in the
textile industry for the purpose of joint consideration and settlement of conditions of employment by means of collective agreements is of very great value and should, therefore, be encouraged.
(2) Nevertheless, collective agreements do not always afford
adequate safeguards for the effective regulation of working conditions and the establishment of a basis for fair competition between
all employers. The end desired may be more surely attained by
the enactment of legislation in the national sphere and the adoption,
ratification and effective application of international Conventions.
(3) The information t h a t has been made available and the
exchange of views that has taken place at this Conference have
— 272 —
served to throw light upon the problems arising in connection with
the reduction of hours of work in the textile industry, the practicability of and the necessity for which were urged by all the workers'
representatives and by certain Government and employers' representatives. On the other hand, other employers' and Government
representatives urged that the reduction of hours of work was
impracticable. It will be for the International Labour Conference
which will meet in June next to come to a decision upon the question
of the adoption of a Draft Convention on this subject.
(4) Shift working in the textile industry raises special problems.
The experience of responsible leaders of the industry both among
employers and among workers suggests that night shifts should
be resorted to only when required as a matter of strict necessity.
Where two daytime shifts are worked with a working week of
48 hours or more, a reduction of the length of the shift should be
considered.
(5) Night work by women and young persons should be absolutely prohibited. It would be desirable if those States which
have not yet ratified the existing Conventions on this subject
would give further consideration to the possibility of ratification.
(6) The Conventions relating to the weekly rest and to annual
holidays with pay likewise merit serious consideration by Governments with a view to ratification.
(7) Where measures of rationalisation are introduced, the risk
of excessive fatigue due to the intensity of the effort called for
from the worker and the conditions under which the work was to
be performed requires careful consideration, and every effort should
be made to secure, by agreement between the employers' and
workers' organisations, such adjustment of work assignments as
will take account of the human needs of the workers as well as
of the economic requirements of the undertaking.
(8) It would be useful if the International Labour Office could
make available, in a form readily accessible to all parties concerned,
the results of studies of the problems of fatigue, health and accident
prevention in the textile industry, as affected by such matters as
lighting, posture, temperature, atmospheric conditions, seating
accommodation, lifting of heavy weights, dust, etc.
(9) It is desirable that a minimum age should be fixed by law
in all countries for the admission of young persons to employment
in the industry. In this connection the attention of Governments
— 273 —
might usefully be invited to the desirability of giving consideration
to the ratification of the Minimum Age (Industry) Convention,
1919, and of any revised Convention on this subject which may
be adopted by the International Labour Conference in June next.
(10) It is desirable, in the general interests of the textile industry
as a whole, that the International Labour Office should renew its
efforts to bring about a solution of the problem of the regulation
of labour conditions in the International Settlements in China.
Washington,
D.C., 16 April
(Signed)
1937.
J. G. WINANT, Chairman.
C. PICQUENARD, Reporter.
REPORT ON STATISTICS
1. In accordance with a decision taken by the Conference at
its plenary sitting on 7 April, a Committee on Statistics was
appointed consisting of 18 members (6 members for each group).
2.
The Officers of the Committee were as follows:
Chairman: Mr. Carter GOODRICH (representative of the
Governing Rody).
Vice-Chairmen : Mr. POGSON and Mr. DEAKIN.
Reporter: Mr. RAMSBOTTOM.
Mr. Nixon of the International Labour Office also attended the
meetings of the Committee as representative of the SecretaryGeneral of the Conference.
3. The Committee held six sittings, on 8, 9, 10, 12 and 14 April,
and a Sub-Committee sat on 13 and 14 April to consider certain
questions with regard to statistics relating to the economic aspects
of the textile industry.
4. In the Report prepared by the International Labour Office
relating to " The World Textile Industry ", a wide range of statistics has been assembled in regard to those aspects of the industry
which directly or indirectly have a bearing on the work of the
International Labour Organisation.
The Committee wish to
record their appreciation of the high value of these statistics and
vol. n .
18
— 274 —
of the objective manner in which they have been presented and
analysed. In order that full advantage might be taken of the
opportunity, afforded by this Conference, of rendering the statistics even more comprehensive and authoritative, the Committee
recommended on 8 April that members of the Conference should
be invited to communicate to the Secretariat any revisions which
they had found necessary, and any additional data at their disposal
which might enable particular tables to be completed. The Committee understands that a number of suggestions have been received,
and that any amendments or additions which the International
Labour Office may find necessary will be incorporated in the
statistical tables contained in the Report, before its final publication.
5. While the statistics given in the Report provide a conspectus
of the information at present available relating to the main branches
of the textile industry, the Committee have been impressed by the
fact that, as pointed out by the International Labour Office, the
possibilities of international comparisons of social and economic
conditions in the textile industry are greatly restricted by the
wide disparities in the character of the data collected and published
in different countries, by the lack of uniformity of the methods by
which the statistics are compiled, and in many instances by the
absence of the information necessary to provide a basis for such
comparisons. The deficiencies in the available data are especially
marked in regard to the statistics of wages, hours of labour, and
other working conditions.
6. As a result of the efforts made in recent years by the International Labour Office, and particularly of the recommendations
made by international Conferences of labour statisticians convened
by that Office, there has been a marked extension, in many countries,
of the information collected and published on these subjects, and
a closer approach to uniformity in the methods of collection and
presentation of the statistics. In the view of the Committee,
however, much still remains to be done in order to provide a
satisfactory basis for international comparisons. In these circumstances they considered it desirable that their deliberations
should be directed mainly to the deficiencies in the existing
information, and to the possibilities of indicating lines along
which the future development of internationally comparable
statistics relating to the textile industry might most usefully proceed.
— 275 —
7. In the course of their discussions the Committee were
supplied with copies of a questionnaire drawn up in 1931 by a
Committee of the Governing Body of the International Labour
Office in connection with a proposal that an enquiry should be
made into wages and hours of labour in the cotton and wool
textile industries. Owing mainly to the abnormal conditions
prevailing at that date, the enquiry was not instituted, but in
view of the more favourable conditions now obtaining, the Committee recommend that the Governing Body should consider the
desirability of proceeding at an early date with such an enquiry,
covering each of the principal branches of the textile industry
(for example, cotton, wool, silk and rayon, etc.).
8. A copy of the questionnaire referred to is annexed (Appendix I). Having regard to the large number of experts attending
the present Conference, the Committee decided that the opportunity
should be taken to consider whether any alterations in or additions
to that questionnaire appear to be necessary in order to enable the
information which would be obtained by an enquiry on the lines
contemplated to be most closely related to the future work of the
International Labour Office. As a result of their examination of
the questionnaire, they have suggested certain amendments and
additions, which are set out in Appendix II of this Report. The
Committee recommend that the amendments suggested shall
receive careful consideration before the proposed enquiry is
instituted.
9. In order that the information obtained by such an enquiry
may be periodically brought up to date, the Committee consider
it desirable that further enquiries on similar lines should be made
at regular intervals, at least once in every five years and preferably
once every two years. In the event of the normal interval being
longer than two years, the Committee recommend that more
frequent enquiries should be made during periods of wide cyclical
fluctuations of trade and employment.
10. The adoption of the above recommendations would provide
a basis for the collection of detailed and comprehensive statistics
enabling international comparisons of wages, hours and other
working conditions in the various branches of the textile industry
to be made at intervals of not more than five years. The Committee, however, consider it desirable that some data should also
be made available as to the fluctuations in employment, earnings
— 276 —
and working hours during the intervening periods. They accordingly recommend that in each country statistics should be regularly
collected at intervals of not more than three months, showing for a
representative sample of establishments in each of the principal
branches of the textile industry (a) the total number of workpeople employed by the establishments, (b) the total amount of
wages paid to these workpeople and (c) the aggregate number of
man-hours worked in a week or other customary pay-period.
11. In addition to the above information, the Committee regard
it as especially important t h a t statistics should be made available
showing the ratio of the total wages paid to the net value of production in the principal branches of the textile industry. They
observe that in the Report prepared by the International Labour
Office relating to " The World Textile Industry " information on
this subject is given for certain countries and they recommend
t h a t the Office, in collaboration with other competent international
organisations, should endeavour to arrange for the collection, if
possible at intervals of not longer than two years, of data which
will enable such statistics to be compiled for other textile-producing
countries. The value of these statistics will be increased if sepárate
particulars are also given as to the total amount paid in salaries.
12. In order to facilitate international comparisons of the
purchasing power of money wages of workers in the textile-industry,
it is desirable that the fullest possible information should be made
available as to working-class standards of living and as to relative
levels of cost of living in different countries. The Committee
recommend that the International Labour Office should continue
the researches which it has instituted with a view to obtaining
comparable data on these subjects and that for this purpose those
countries in which representative family budget enquiries have not
been made in recent years should be urged to undertake such
enquiries in the near future.
13. From the Report prepared by the Office, the Committee
observe that only for very few countries are separate statistics
of employment and unemployment in the different branches of the
textile industry regularly compiled. In view of the effects of
irregularity of employment and of unemployment on the standard
of living of the workers they regard it as especially important
that comprehensive information on this subject should be available,
and they recommend that the Governments of the principal
— 277 —
textile-producing countries should publish at regular intervals the
fullest possible statistics as to employment and unemployment in
each branch of this industry.
14. At the request of the General Committee of the Conference,
the Committee have given careful consideration to a suggestion
that information should be collected concerning the membership
of employers' and workers' organisations in the textile industry.
The Committee agree that if satisfactory statistics on this subject
could be obtained, they would be of considerable value. They find
that attempts to collect such statistics would meet with serious
practical difficulties, partly because in many countries the official
statistical authorities have no power to require employers' or
workers' organisations to furnish particulars of their membership,
and partly owing to the fact that many trade unions have members
in a wide range of industries and are not in possession of information
enabling them to analyse their total membership according to the
industries in which the individual members are employed. The
Committee recommend, however, t h a t the International Labour
Office should, from time to time, publish such information as may
be obtainable on this subject.
15. The foregoing recommendations are mainly concerned with
statistics relating to social conditions in the textile industry. As
stated in paragraph 3, certain questions with regard to statistics
relating to the economic aspects of the industry were referred for
the special consideration of a Sub-Committee. The Report of
this Sub-Committee, which is endorsed by the Committee, is
annexed.
(Signed) E. C. RAMSBOTTOM,
Reporter.
APPENDIX I
DRAFT QUESTIONNAIRE INTO THE CONDITIONS OF LABOUR IN THE
TEXTILE INDUSTRY, AS PREPARED BY A COMMITTEE OF THE
GOVERNING BODY IN 1931 (COTTON AND WOOL)
Introductory
Notes
The attached questionnaire is drafted in such a way that it can be
sent to the Governments which agree to participate in the enquiry.
— 278 —
TOTAL NUMBER OF WORKPEOPLE IN ALL ESTABLISHMENTS
OF THE INDUSTRY
(according to the latest estimate)
N.B. —
Indicate
so far with
as available,
all information
whichspecify
would theconform
as
closely
as
possible
the
details
asked
for,
and
date
to which the figures supplied refer.
Males (a)
Branch of industry
Under
14
Females (a)
14 and 18 and
under
over
18
Under
14
14 and 18 and
under
over
18
Cotton preparing and spinning
Cotton weaving
Woollen and worsted preparing,
spinning and weaving processes
Bleaching, dyeing, p r i n t i n g
a n d finishing of cotton and
woollen and worsted y a r n s
(b) and cloth (c)
(a) See footnote (/) to table III.
(b) Includes also all forms of wool and cotton other than cloth.
(c) Includes also cloths composed of cotton or wool with silk or artiflcial silk (rayon)
in which the percentage of cotton or wool predominates.
II. EQUIPMENT OF THE ESTABLISHMENTS COVERED BY THE ENQUIRY
(during the pay-period covered by the wages and hours return)
Equipment
Cotton :
Mule spindles
R i n g or flyer spindles:
Looms -j 45-70 inches wide
1 over 70 inches wide
Wool:
Carded wool: carding engines:
F r a m e spinning spindles
Combed wool: combing m a c h i n e s :
Mule spinning spindles
Weaving:
W e a v i n g loom:
Under 50 inches reed space
. . . .
50 inches reed space and over . . .
Total number
In the
establishment
In operation
during the
pay-period
— 279 —
III.
N U M B E R S EMPLOYED, W A G E S , H O U R S , ETC., IN THE ESTABLISHMENTS
COVERED BY THE ENQUIRY DURING A G l V E N P A Y - P E R I O D
Branch of Industry
Pay-period (a): duration
ending on the
Males (/)
Females (/)
and 18 years Under 14 and 18 years
Under 14
under and 14
under and
14 years 18
years 18
years over
years over
A 1. Number of workpeople to
whom wages were paid in
the above period by establishments supplying information (6)
B 2. Net amount of money
wages paid to these workpeople for work done
after deductions of workers' contributions to compulsory social insurances
3. Amount of workers' contributions to compulsory
social insurances (c) . .
4. Amount of employers'
contributions to compulsory social insurances (c)
5. Amount of family allowances paid to or in respect
of above workers {d)
6. Estimated total value of
allowances in kind to
above workers
. . . .
C 1. Aggregate number of
hours worked for the
above wages
8. Aggregate number of normal hours which would
have been worked in the
above pay-period (e) . .
—
280 —
III. NUMBERS EMPLOYED,WAGES, HOURS, ETC., IN THE ESTABLISHMENTS
COVERED BY THE ENQUIRY DURING A GlVEN P A Y - P E R I O D
(continued)
Males (/)
Females (/)
and 18 years Under 14 and 18 years
Under 14
under
and
under
and
14 years 18 years over 14 years 18 years over
D 9. Total number of days
paid holidays granted to
workers (b) in the establishments
during
the
nearest 12 months. . .
10. Number of workers (b) in
establishments receiving
these paid holidays . .
11. Total amount paid to
workers (b) in respect of
paid holidays, during the
12 months referred to
under 9
(a) A representative period will be chosen between
and
(e.g. a week, a fortnight or a month in conformity with the customary pay-period) and
this period should, if possible, be the same for all establishments. If, however, in any
particular establishment or district the period is affected by special circumstances (holidays,
disputes, breakdowns) the nearest normal period should be taken.
(0) Including working foremen, engineers, warehousemen, packers, unskilled labour,
but excluding managers, office staff, commercial and other salaried officials, as well as
home workers. Assistants who are paid by other workers out of their wages should be
included.
(c) Voluntary contributions to welfare schemes, etc., organised by the employers or
by the workers should not be included, but contributions to compulsory accident insurance
should be included. Where it is impossible to supply exact figures for accident insurance
(when the cost of that insurance is borne by the employers and contributions paid annually)
approximate figures should be given.
(d) Where family allowances are paid to employees through the medium of a compensation fund, the amount paid to the compensation fund should be indicated.
(e) The normal hours stated should be the full time hours (for the week, or other payperiod covered by the information given under table III), exclusive of meal-times and overtime as fixed by collective agreements or by the rules of the individual establishments.
(/) For the Far Eastern countries and India, the age groups may be slightly different;
if data for classification by age and sex are not available the total figures may be sufficient.
It is divided into three sections. In the first section (total workers
employed) it is anticipated that the Governments will supply the figures
on the basis of the information in their possession. For the other two
sections it is anticipated that the Governments will obtain the information from a certain number of establishments. These establishments
will be selected by the Governments in such a way as to obtain a
representative enquiry on the conditions in the industry as a whole,
and the Committee expressed the view that it would be desirable that
the enquiry should cover at least 60 per cent, of the workers in the
industry or its branches and should take account of establishments of
different sizes in different districts.
In the final questionnaire it is intended that four separate sheets
should be used identical with the draft table III attached and would
relate to the following four separate branches of the industry:
(1)
(2)
Cotton preparing and spinning departments;
Cotton weaving departments;
— 281 —
(3) Woollen and worsted preparing; spinning and weaving processes;
(4) Bleaching, dyeing, printing and finishing of cotton yarns and
cloth and of woollen and worsted yarns and cloth1.
APPENDIX
II
RECOMMENDATIONS BY THE COMMITTEE ON STATISTICS FOR THE
AMENDMENT OF THE DRAFT QUESTIONNAIRE SHOWN IN
APPENDIX I
Table I
The particulars given in this table should relate to a date approximating as closely as possible to that for which particulars are to be
given in table III.
Table III
Date of Enquiry. — In order to avoid disparities arising from seasonal
variations in different countries and different branches of the textile
industry, the particulars given in this table should relate so far as
possible to a period of normal conditions of employment. The period
selected, however, should be chosen so as to approach as closely as
possible to a particular date to be fixed by the International Labour
Office after consultation with the Governments of the countries in which
the enquiry is to be made.
Items A 1 and B 2 to 6. — The Committee recommend that separate
particulars should be obtained relating to the numbers and wages of
(a) workers employed in the establishments and (b) outworkers (working
at home) to whom wages were paid in the above period by the establishments supplying information.
Item B 6. — The Committee recommend that after " allowances "
the following words should be added : " specifying the nature and amount
of these allowances, e.g. food, lodging, heating, garden, etc."
Item C 7. — The Committee suggest that this question should be
amended to read : " Aggregate number of hours actually worked by the
workpeople in the establishments covered (excluding out-workers), to
whom wages were paid in the pay-period specified."
Item C 8. — In order to avoid ambiguity, the Committee suggest
that the word " would " should be altered to " might " or " could ",
and that footnote (e) on page 4 should be amended to read as follows:
" By normal hours which might have been worked is meant the hours
during which the workers are at the disposal of the employer, as fixed
for the week or other pay-period in accordance with legislation or agreement or, in the absence of these, by the rules of the individual establish.ment. No account should, therefore, be taken of rest periods, mealtimes, or overtime.
1
Indicate, where possible, separate figures for cotton finishing and wool
finishing.
— 282 —
Distribution of numbers of workers according to their working hours. —
The Committee' recommend that the information collected under items
C 7 and C 8, regarding hours of labour, should be analysed to show the
numbers of workpeople employed in establishments in which (a) the
normal hours and (b) the actual hours of the establishments, in the
selected pay-period, fall within certain specified limits, e.g. 32 hours
or under, over 32 and not more than 40; over 40 and not more than 48;
over 48 and not more than 56 ; and over 56.
Additional questions. — The Committee recommend that questions
should be included asking for: (a) the numbers of workpeople included
in the figures given under A 1, who are employed in establishments or
departments working on systems of single shifts, two shifts, or more
than two shifts, respectively; (b) particulars as to whether (1) night
work and (2) overtime are paid at ordinary rates or at higher rates;
(c) particulars showing the extent to which wages are supplemented
by bonuses paid on retirement from the service of the employer, or by
other items not included in the figures supplied under items B 2 to B 6.
Selection of the establishments from which information is obtained. —
In order that the figures obtained shall be thoroughly representative,
the Committee considers it desirable that all establishments, including
not only large and medium establishments but also small establishments,
so far as they employ workpeople other than members of the family,
should be asked to supply information. If in any country it is found
necessary to restrict the enquiries to a selected sample of establishments,
particulars should be supplied to the International Labour Office
showing on what basis the establishments have been selected, and
indicating the extent to which they correspond, as regards geographical
distribution, size of the establishments, and machine equipment, etc.,
with the general range of textile establishments in the country covered.
R E P O R T OF T H E SUB-COMMITTEE ON
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
1. The Sub-Committee on Economic Statistics met on the
morning of Tuesday, 13 April 1937. At the suggestion of several
members, the Chairman and Vice-Chairman of the main Committee
served in the same capacity on the Sub-Committee. On the motion
of the British employers' representative, Mr. W. Ellison Chalmers
was selected as Reporter.
2. The Secretary-General of the Conference attended the sitting
and at the request of the Chairmen expressed his views as to the
functions of the Sub-Committee. He pointed out t h a t those who
had worked on the Textile Report had found that there were
serious gaps in the economic statistics relevant to the problems
with which the International Labour Office was concerned. It was
certainly within the competence of the Sub-Committee to consider
— 283 —
what these gaps were and how they might be filled, though he was
quite aware that it might not be possible to secure immediately
all the information that might be desired. He believed that the
Sub-Committee would be rendering an important service if it would
specify the points at which additional statistics were most urgently
required and if it would indicate for the information of the Governing
Body the method by which such information could best be compiled.
It would be for the Governing Body and the Office to consider how
and from what sources such information could best be obtained.
3. The discussion of the Sub-Committee fell into two main
parts. The first was devoted to the question of cost of production
figures and the second to the series of points enumerated in Section B
of the list submitted to the main Committee by the representative
of the Secretary-General. This list was as follows:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Statistics of mill consumption of textile raw materials;
Statistics of production of yarn;
Statistics of production of piece goods;
Statistics of total national and per capita consumption of
finished products;
(e) Statistics of the uses of textile products (industrial, agricultural, and personal).
4. The representative of the United States Government complimented the Office on the preparation of the very significant Report
but pointed out that its least satisfactory chapter was that dealing
with the cost of production of textile products. This had been
inevitable because adequate material is not at present available.
Nevertheless, he declared that such data were fundamental to
the enquiry, and although aware of the many difficulties involved,
he was convinced that it would be possible to secure useful information on the point. Given a readiness to co-operate in such an
enquiry, he was certain that progress would be made.
5. The United States employers' representative considered that
it was quite possible to secure such data, provided that the study
of production costs was in the first instance limited to a very few
typical items. He cited experience to show that investigations of
this type were of assistance to employers in reducing total production costs and at the same time in raising wage rates in the industry.
He stated that these have made clear that there was no necessary
incompatibility between these objectives.
— 284 —
6. The representative of the British workers supported this
view. The representative of the Canadian Government agreed
that such a study was possible and would be extremely useful. He
concurred in the recommendation that it be confined to a very
few items. The representatives of the British employers considered
that it would be useful to collect any relevant data on the industry
where that was possible. However, they were not ready to commit
British employers to report cost figures. They urged strongly
that the interests of the International Labour Office would best be
served if its enquiries were confined to the wages, hours and
employment questions upon which the Statistics Committee had
already agreed.
7. The United States employers' representative replied that it
was not intended that any questions concerning costs should be
added to the labour statistics questionnaire that had already been
approved or that cost data should be collected by the method of a
general questionnaire. In agreement with several other members
he declared that what was needed was an independent study, on a
voluntary basis, of a very limited number of items as manufactured
by individual firms in the various countries.
8. The Secretary-General referred to previous meetings of the
Textile Committee of the Governing Body of the International
Labour Office and recalled that it had been unable to agree upon
comparable specifications for such an investigation. He enquired
whether the Sub-Committee believed that such specifications could
now be agreed upon.
9. The United States Government representative fully accepted
the. suggestion that the investigation be confined to a very few
typical items and considered that these items could be specified
accurately enough so that producers in all countries could identify
them. Upon the request of the Chairman he proceeded to illustrate
by reference to the cotton goods industry and suggested that an
international enquiry could be based on four typical cotton cloths
with specifications approximately as follows:
Plain-woven
cotton cloths
(unbleached)
Width
in
inches
Ends
per
inch
Heavy sheeting . . .
Sheeting
Printcloth
Lawn
36
36
38%
40
48
56
64
88
Picks
per
inch
X
X
X
x
48
60
60
80
Yards
per
pound
3
4
5.35
8.50
Warp
yarn
Weft
yarn
14s — 14s
21s— 24s
30s— 40s
60s —100s
Average
yarn
number
14s
22s
34s
74s
— 285 —
10. These four cotton cloths (three made of short-staple cotton
and one of long-staple cotton) are standard in the United States.
Cloths of closely similar construction are doubtless made in every
important cotton-manufacturing country.
11. It was agreed to incorporate this suggestion in the report
of the Sub-Committee not as a definite proposal but as an illustration of the way in which such an enquiry might be organised
for this and other branches of the textile industry.
12. The United States Government representative pointed out
that it was fundamental to the success of such an enquiry that its
purpose be wholly honest and straightforward. It should be made
clear that the data for individual firms would never be revealed.
The United States employers' representative joined in this statement. The Secretary-General further pointed out that the data
would be collected in the first instance by competent and trustworthy national organisations and its identity would be not only
hidden but thoroughly lost by the time it was handled by an
international organisation.
13. The Japanese Government representative declared that his
Government, although not empowered to commit individual
employers to provide information on cost of production, was
sympathetic to the proposal and would be willing to participate
in an enquiry along the lines already specified.
14. The United States Government representative emphasised
the value of such an enquiry and declared that an accurate statement of these facts would be useful for each Government and for
each participant. He considered that the industry clearly needed
such enlightenment upon its fundamental competitive problems.
This opinion was supported by the United States employers'
representative, who considered that the study could well be
pursued among those who were ready to co-operate. He insisted
that no pressure would need to be applied since he was convinced
that its results would be useful to all who participated in it.
15. At the conclusion of this discussion the Sub-Committee noted
the dissent of the British employers' representatives, but recorded
its conviction that a study of international comparisons in the cost
of production of a limited number of typical textile products was
both feasible and desirable.
— 286 —
16. The discussion then turned to the questions enumerated
in paragraph 3.
(a) There was general agreement that mill consumption of textile
raw materials should be reported as outlined.
(b) With regard to the classification of mill production of yarns,
it was brought out t h a t the total make-up of British Census of
single cotton yarns is classified in the following ranges: up to 20,
over 20, and up to 40, over 40, and up to 56, over 56, and up to 80,
over 80, and up to 120 and over 120, while the United States Census
showed cotton yarns by ranges of 20s up to 120. After discussion
it was agreed that the minimum subdivision of cotton yarn numbers
should be in four groups: up to 40s, 41s to 80s, 81s to 120s, and
above 120s, while countries reporting more detailed figures should
be urged to continue such reports.
Respecting silk yarns, the Japanese Government representative
favoured the following as a minimum classification, yellow and
white, with three classifications according to denierage; 13/15,
20/22 and all other. It was noted that this classification conforms
to United States practice and was acceptable to the United States
Government and United States employers' representatives. Subsequently at the suggestion of the representative of the SecretaryGeneral the representative of the Japanese Government accepted
a classification distinguishing between thrown and spun silk.
Respecting rayon yarns, the United States Government representative pointed out that United States production centres on
150 denier and the Japanese on 120 denier. At his suggestion, the
Sub-Committee agreed to a classification showing deniers up to
100s, 120 denier, 150 denier, and all other.
Respecting woollen and worsted yarns, the British employers'
representative pointed out that for woollen yarns there had never
been one common counts standard but that worsted yarns fell
into definite categories. It was the consensus of opinion in the
Sub-Committee that a distinction between woollen and worsted was
sufficient for the time being, provided that wool tops should be
reported separately from wool yarns.
(c) The discussion oí production of piece goods, classified by fibres
used, indicated that some members of the Sub-Committee favoured
such classification and recognised t h a t the detail of production
statistics represented by many countries is now inadequate.
Discussion turned to the reporting of import and export data and
— 287 —
it was noted that these afford much better detail. The Mexican
Government representative urged that production, import and
export data be reported according to the metric system. The
United States Government representative pointed out that the
data could readily be converted from one form to another if both
area and weight were reported in any well-known system of measurement. He referred to the fact that the United States statistics
for production and imports include both weight and area but those
for exports cover area only. The Japanese employers' representative pointed out that his Government reports only area. The
British employers' representative pointed out that his Government
now reports linear yards, square yards and pounds in certain
statistics.
(d) The Sub-Committee agreed that reports on total and per
capita consumption of finished textiles were desirable.
(e) The Japanese employers' representative declared that
occasional studies of the various uses of textile products are highly
desirable, but agreed with other members of the Sub-Committee that
it was not practicable to recommend the continuous collection of
data on this point.
17. Another topic discussed was that of the terminology of reporting cotton consumption. Several members of the Sub-Committee
commended the national and international organisations on the
methods they employed in converting running bales to standard
bales. The United States Government representative expressed
the hope that statistics would ultimately be reported in weight.
18. The representative of the United States Government suggested that the Sub-Committee recommend that in the future the
collection of data on physical volume of production, on consumption
and on employment be obtained concurrently, as far as possible,
and from similar samples of the producing institutions. He pointed
out that in the United States and other countries it is customary
for certain Government departments to obtain statistics in particular fields or of particular character, and that this can continue,
but that it becomes increasingly desirable for the several Government departments in any one country to co-operate as regards the
time and coverage of their enquiries.
19. It was pointed out that this recommendation would not
require the incorporation of any additional questions in the labour
— 288 —
statistics questionnaire already agreed upon by the Sub-Committee.
It was also pointed out that the statistics of production and manhours of employment now available cannot readily be correlated,
and that time will be required to develop parallel classifications.
20. With this understanding the recommendation of the
United States Government representative was adopted by the
Sub-Committee.
14 April 1937.
(Signed) W. Ellison CHALMERS.
Reporter.

world textile industry

Transcription

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