Performance requirements for thermostats used

Transcription

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C828-06
Performance requirements
for thermostats used with
individual room electric
space heating devices
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CSA Standards Update Service
C828-06
March 2006
Title: Performance requirements for thermostats used with individual room electric space heating devices
Pagination: 23 pages (x preliminary and 13 text), each dated March 2006
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C828-06
Affranchir
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ASSOCIATION CANADIENNE DE
NORMALISATION
BUREAU CENTRAL DE L’INFORMATION
5060, SPECTRUM WAY, BUREAU 100
MISSISSAUGA ON L4W 5N6
CANADA
CANADIAN STANDARDS
ASSOCIATION
CONSOLIDATED MAILING LIST
5060 SPECTRUM WAY, SUITE 100
MISSISSAUGA ON L4W 5N6
CANADA
CSA Standard
C828-06
Performance requirements
for thermostats used with individual room
electric space heating devices
Published in March 2006 by Canadian Standards Association
A not-for-profit private sector organization
5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N6
1-800-463-6727 • 416-747-4044
Visit our Online Store at www.ShopCSA.ca
ISBN 1-55436-071-4
Technical Editor: Sam Loggia
© Canadian Standards Association — 2006
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever
without the prior permission of the publisher.
© Canadian Standards Association
with individual room electric space heating devices
Contents
Technical Committee on Residential Equipment v
Subcommittee on Performance of Thermostats vii
Preface ix
Foreword x
1 Scope 1
1.1
General 1
1.2
Thermal regulation and power line quality 1
1.3
Terminology 1
1.4
Units of measurement 1
2 Reference publications 2
3 Definitions 2
4 General requirements 3
4.1
Performance 3
4.2
Safety 3
4.3
Thermal regulation 4
4.3.1 Test conditions 4
4.3.2 Droop 4
4.3.3 Differential 4
4.3.4 Set point precision 4
4.4
Electromagnetic compatibility — Emissions 4
4.4.1 General 4
4.4.2 Harmonics 4
4.4.3 RF emissions 4
4.4.4 Light flickering 4
4.4.5 Synchronism 4
4.5
Electromagnetic compatibility — Susceptibility 5
4.5.1 General 5
4.5.2 Fast transient burst 5
4.5.3 Surge 5
4.5.4 Voltage variations 5
4.5.5 Voltage dips and short interruptions 5
4.5.6 Voltage fluctuations 5
5 Thermal regulation test requirements 6
5.1
Test set-up 6
5.2
Test procedure 6
5.3
Data analysis 6
5.4
Sampling plan 7
Annexes
A (informative) — Details of sampling plan 12
March 2006
iii
C828-06
Tables
1 — Voltage dip and short interruption requirements 7
Figures
1 — Dual-climate test chamber: Top view (plan) 8
2 — Dual-climate test chamber: Side view (elevation) 9
3 — Location of equipment in dual-climate test chamber: Top view (plan) 10
4 — Location of equipment in dual-climate test chamber: Side view (elevation) 11
iv
March 2006
Technical Committee on Residential
Equipment
L. Boutin
Hydro-Québec,
Montréal, Québec
Chair
E. Grzesik
Ontario Ministry of Energy,
Toronto, Ontario
Vice-Chair
R.L.D. Cane
Caneta Research,
Mississauga, Ontario
C. Catanu
Camco Inc.,
Montréal, Québec
K. Delves
Natural Resources Canada,
Ottawa, Ontario
Associate
H.A. Dobbelsteyn
Nova Scotia Department of Energy,
Halifax, Nova Scotia
Associate
D. Fugler
Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation,
Ottawa, Ontario
G.R. Hamer
BC Hydro,
Burnaby, British Columbia
W. Hassan
Northern Lights Asset Management Ltd.,
Oakville, Ontario
Associate
G.D.A. Henriques
BC Hydro,
Vancouver, British Columbia
Associate
A. Kelly
Canadian Electricity Association,
Ottawa, Ontario
Associate
C. Lesage
Giant Factories Inc./Usines Giant inc.,
Montréal-Est, Québec
R. Mortazavi
Ottawa, Ontario
J.P. Neu
Electro-Federation Canada,
A. Pape-Salmon
British Columbia Ministry of Energy and Mines,
Victoria, British Columbia
D. Sheach
W.C. Wood Company Limited,
Guelph, Ontario
P. Smyth
Goulais River, Ontario
Consumer Representative
March 2006
Associate
v
C828-06
vi
D. Stefancic
Whirlpool Canada LP,
S. Stricker
Stricker Associates Inc.,
Richmond Hill, Ontario
S. Loggia
CSA,
Project Manager
March 2006
Subcommittee on Performance of
Thermostats
L. Boutin
Hydro-Québec,
Montréal, Québec
Chair
E. Grzesik
Ontario Ministry of Energy,
Toronto, Ontario
Vice-Chair
M. Beaulieu
Ouellet Canada Inc.,
L’Islet, Québec
Y. Chabot
Stelpro Design Inc.,
Saint-Bruno, Québec
R. Dagenais
Brossard, Québec
Consumer Representative
G.M. Eyolfson
Manitoba Hydro,
Winnipeg, Manitoba
R. Grondin
SMIS R&D Inc.,
Sherbrooke, Québec
G.R. Hamer
BC Hydro,
Burnaby, British Columbia
Associate
J. Heller
White-Rodgers,
St. Louis, Missouri, USA
Associate
F. Houde
Aube Technologies Inc.,
Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Québec
L. Hurduc
Engertec Inc.,
Sainte-Julie, Québec
A. Kelly
Canadian Electricity Association,
Ottawa, Ontario
J. Kube
Dimplex North America Limited,
Cambridge, Ontario
I. Lamotchkine
Broan-NuTone Canada Inc.,
C. Le Bel
LTE Hydro-Québec,
Shawinigan, Québec
A. Lo
Avia Systems,
Vancouver, British Columbia
R. Mortazavi
Ottawa, Ontario
March 2006
Associate
Associate
Associate
vii
C828-06
J.P. Neu
Electro-Federation Canada,
Associate
A. Pape-Salmon
British Columbia Ministry of Energy and Mines,
Victoria, British Columbia
Associate
H. Quinn
New Brunswick Department of Energy,
Fredericton, New Brunswick
Associate
S. Stricker
Stricker Associates Inc.,
Richmond Hill, Ontario
J. Thykkoottathil
Zodiac Thermostats Ltd.,
S. Loggia
CSA,
viii
Project Manager
March 2006
Preface
This is the second edition of CSA C828, Performance requirements for thermostats used with individual room
electric space heating devices. It supersedes the previous edition published in 1999. This Standard will
replace CSA C273.4-M1978, Performance Requirements for Electric Heating Line-Voltage Wall Thermostats,
when CSA C273.4 is withdrawn.
This Standard deals with the thermal regulation and electromagnetic compatibility of thermostats used
with individual room electric space heating devices. It has been revised to clarify the types of products it
covers and the test requirements specified in Clause 5. It now includes a more detailed sampling plan in
connection with these test requirements (see Clause 5.4 and Annex A).
The requirements specified in this Standard are intended to enhance user comfort, facilitate energy
conservation, and address issues related to electromagnetic interference. Thermostats that use solid state
components are capable of producing radiated and conducted electromagnetic interference that can
create disturbances on power lines and affect the functioning of communication, security, and other
devices. In addition, such thermostats can be susceptible to radiated and conducted electromagnetic
interference already present on power lines. It is essential to protect these thermostats from
electromagnetic interference and to limit their ability to produce interference.
This Standard was prepared by the Subcommittee on Performance of Thermostats, under the
jurisdiction of the Technical Committee on Residential Equipment and the Strategic Steering Committee
on Performance, Energy Efficiency, and Renewables, and has been formally approved by the Technical
Committee. It will be submitted to the Standards Council of Canada for approval as a National Standard of
Canada.
March 2006
Notes:
(1) Use of the singular does not exclude the plural (and vice versa) when the sense allows.
(2) Although the intended primary application of this Standard is stated in its Scope, it is important to note that it remains
the responsibility of the users of the Standard to judge its suitability for their particular purpose.
(3) This publication was developed by consensus, which is defined by CSA Policy governing standardization — Code of
good practice for standardization as “substantial agreement. Consensus implies much more than a simple majority,
but not necessarily unanimity”. It is consistent with this definition that a member may be included in the Technical
Committee list and yet not be in full agreement with all clauses of this publication.
(4) CSA Standards are subject to periodic review, and suggestions for their improvement will be referred to the appropriate
committee.
(5) All enquiries regarding this Standard, including requests for interpretation, should be addressed to Canadian Standards
Association, 5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N6.
Requests for interpretation should
(a) define the problem, making reference to the specific clause, and, where appropriate, include an illustrative sketch;
(b) provide an explanation of circumstances surrounding the actual field condition; and
(c) be phrased where possible to permit a specific “yes” or “no” answer.
Committee interpretations are processed in accordance with the CSA Directives and guidelines governing
standardization and are published in CSA’s periodical Info Update, which is available on the CSA Web site at
www.csa.ca.
March 2006
ix
C828-06
Foreword
The Canadian Standards Association (CSA) develops standards under the name Canadian Standards
Association, and provides certification and testing under the name CSA International. CSA International
provides certification services for manufacturers who, under license from CSA, wish to use the appropriate
registered CSA Marks on certain products of their manufacture to indicate conformity with CSA Standards.
CSA Certification for a number of products is provided in the interest of maintaining agreed-upon
standards of quality, performance, interchangeability and/or safety, as appropriate. Where applicable,
certification may form the basis for acceptance by inspection authorities responsible for enforcement of
regulations. Where feasible, programs will be developed for additional products for which certification is
desired by producers, consumers, or other interests. In performing its functions in accordance with its
objectives, CSA does not assume or undertake to discharge any responsibility of the manufacturer or any
other party. The opinions and findings of the Association represent its professional judgement given with
due consideration to the necessary limitations of practical operation and state of the art at the time the
Standard is processed.
Products in substantial accord with this Standard but which exhibit a minor difference or a new feature
may be deemed to meet the Standard providing the feature or difference is found acceptable utilizing
appropriate CSA International Operating Procedures. Products that comply with this Standard shall not be
certified if they are found to have additional features which are inconsistent with the intent of this
Standard. Products shall not be certifiable if they are discovered to contravene applicable laws or
regulations.
Testing techniques, test procedures, and instrumentation frequently must be prescribed by
CSA International in addition to the technical requirements contained in Standards of CSA. In addition to
markings specified in the Standard, CSA International may require special cautions, markings, and
instructions that are not specified by the Standard.
Some tests required by CSA Standards may be inherently hazardous. The Association neither assumes
nor accepts any responsibility for any injury or damage that may occur during or as the result of tests,
wherever performed, whether performed in whole or in part by the manufacturer or the Association, and
whether or not any equipment, facility, or personnel for or in connection with the test is furnished by the
manufacturer or the Association.
Manufacturers should note that, in the event of the failure of CSA International to resolve an issue
arising from the interpretation of requirements, there is an appeal procedure: the complainant should
submit the matter, in writing, to the Secretary of the Canadian Standards Association.
If this Standard is to be used in obtaining CSA Certification please remember, when making application
for certification, to request all current Amendments, Bulletins, Notices, and Technical Information Letters
that may be applicable and for which there may be a nominal charge. For such information or for further
information concerning CSA Certification, please address your inquiry to Applications and Customer
Service, CSA International, 178 Rexdale Boulevard, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M9W 1R3.
x
March 2006
C828-06
Performance requirements for
thermostats used with individual
room electric space heating devices
1 Scope
1.1 General
This Standard specifies requirements for thermostat models intended for line-voltage (120 to 240 V)
switching of a controlled resistive heating load. It includes single- and double-pole thermostats that
control their load by fast or slow ON/OFF switching. The models covered by this Standard are as follows:
(a) wall-mounted line-voltage thermostats;
(b) built-in line-voltage thermostats (up to 1500 W); and
(c) two-component thermostats.
This Standard’s requirements apply only to local zone thermostats; they do not apply to central heating
units under the control of a single thermostat or to thermostats used exclusively to control radiant heating
systems.
1.2 Thermal regulation and power line quality
This Standard specifies performance requirements covering thermal regulation and power line quality. The
thermal regulation requirements are based on testing in a dual-climate test chamber. The power line
quality requirements establish the level of emissions that may be generated by line-voltage thermostats
and the extent of line-voltage thermostat susceptibility to electromagnetic disturbances that can be
present on power lines.
1.3 Terminology
In CSA Standards, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to
satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which
is advised but not required; “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the
limits of the standard; and “can” is used to express possibility or capability. Notes accompanying clauses
do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is
to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered
part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative
(mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.
1.4 Units of measurement
The values given in SI (metric) units are the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
March 2006
1
C828-06
2 Reference publications
This Standard refers to the following publications, and where such reference is made, it shall be to the
edition listed below, including all amendments published thereto.
CSA (Canadian Standards Association)
C22.2 No. 24-93 (R2003)
Temperature-indicating and -regulating equipment
IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission)
Note: “CISPR” is the International Special Committee on Radio Interference.
61000-3-2:2005
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 3-2: Limits — Limits for harmonic current emissions (equipment
input current ≤ 16 A per phase)
61000-4-4:2004
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 4-4: Testing and measurement techniques — Electrical fast
transient/burst immunity test
61000-4-11:2004
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 4-11: Testing and measurement techniques — Voltage dips, short
interruptions and voltage variations immunity tests
61000-4-14:2002
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 4-14: Testing and measurement techniques — Voltage fluctuation
immunity test
CISPR 14-1:2005
Electromagnetic compatibility — Requirements for household appliances, electric tools and similar apparatus —
Part 1: Emission
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
C62.41.2-2002
IEEE Recommended Practice on Characterization of Surges in Low-Voltage (1000 V and less) AC Power Circuits
3 Definitions
The following definitions apply in this Standard:
Cycle length — the time interval between two similar and consecutive points of commutation (ON/OFF
or OFF/ON).
Cycle rate — the number of cycles per hour, as determined from the cycle length.
Differential (temperature differential) — the difference between the maximum and minimum
temperatures measured at 50% duty cycle.
Droop (temperature droop) — the difference between the minimum temperatures measured at 20%
and 80% duty cycle, respectively.
Duty cycle (percentage time ON) — the ratio of ON time to total time per cycle.
Nominal voltage — the line-voltage value for normal utilization of a thermostat, as specified by the
manufacturer.
Radiant heating — a heating system in which heat is transmitted by radiation rather than convection.
2
March 2006
Rated load — the minimum and/or maximum load specified by a thermostat’s manufacturer; it can be
expressed in amperes or watts.
Synchronism — a condition that exists when a number of thermostats having the same cycle length
operate in phase with each other after being triggered ON by the same event.
Thermostat —
Built-in thermostat — a one- or two-piece thermostat that is installed within and as a part of a
heating unit, switches a load of not more than 1500 W, and has a nominal voltage between 120 and
240 V.
Double-pole thermostat — a thermostat that includes two single-pole, single-throw switches that
open both of the ungrounded conductors of a single electrical load in the OFF position.
Single-pole thermostat — a two- or three-wire thermostat that includes a single-pole,
single-throw switch that opens one of the ungrounded conductors of a single electrical load.
Thermostat using electronics — a thermostat that includes one or more electronic components
and is intended for direct switching of a controlled resistive heating load that has a nominal voltage of
120 to 240 V. The thermostat can be a wall-mounted, built-in, or two-component model and single
or double pole.
Two-component thermostat — a two-piece thermostat whose temperature sensor component is
designed to be installed on a wall; the sensor triggers or drives its load-switching mechanism, which
is installed within a heating unit that has a nominal voltage of 120 to 240 V.
Note: The temperature sensor component can be a low-energy, low-voltage, or line-voltage thermostat with two or
three wires.
Wall-mounted thermostat — a one-piece line-voltage thermostat that is designed to be installed
on a wall and switches a load that has a nominal voltage of 120 to 240 V.
Total test load — the sum of the loads inside and outside the test room (see Clause 5.1).
4 General requirements
4.1 Performance
In this Standard, the terms “minimum rated load” and “maximum rated load” refer to the specifications
established by the thermostat manufacturer. If no minimum load is specified, 2 A shall be used.
The duty cycle values specified in this Standard are either 0% (no conduction), 100% (full conduction),
or 50%, which corresponds to the maximum switching rate for some models of thermostats. The 0% and
100% values are obtained by adjusting the thermostat set point above or below the actual room
temperature. The 50% value can be achieved by adjusting the thermostat set point to approximately the
same temperature as the room temperature. Since it is not always possible to obtain precisely 50%, a duty
cycle between 40 and 60% shall be acceptable when the thermostat is operating under normal
conditions.
Programmable thermostats shall be tested in their manual mode; no programmable function shall be
used.
4.2 Safety
Thermostats shall comply with the safety requirements of CSA C22.2 No. 24.
March 2006
3
C828-06
4.3 Thermal regulation
4.3.1 Test conditions
The thermostats to which this Standard applies shall meet the thermal regulation requirements of
Clause 4.3 when tested in a dual-climate test chamber in accordance with Clause 5. Wall-mounted linevoltage thermostats shall be tested at their nominal voltage (120 to 240 V), at a 1000 W load, and at their
maximum rated load.
Two-component thermostats shall be tested with a contactor rated for 5000 W*. If supplied as a kit, the
components shall not be tested individually.
*Since the current associated with the test load is not flowing through the temperature sensor component, two-component
thermostats may be tested with a 1000 W load and a contactor rated for 5000 W.
Built-in thermostats shall be tested with their original heating unit, as built by the manufacturer.
4.3.2 Droop
The thermostat droop in temperature shall be not more than 1.5 °C in absolute value when measured at
the centre of the test room (see Clauses 5.1 and 5.2).
4.3.3 Differential
The thermostat differential in temperature shall be not more than 0.5 °C when measured at the centre of
the test room (see Clauses 5.1 and 5.2).
4.3.4 Set point precision
For a duty cycle of 0%, the average temperature at the centre of the test room (see Clauses 5.1 and 5.2)
shall be within 0.5 °C of the original thermostat set point of 22 °C when extrapolated from the linear
relationship calculated in accordance with Clause 5.3(g).
4.4 Electromagnetic compatibility — Emissions
4.4.1 General
To prevent generation of an unacceptable level of radiated and conducted electromagnetic disturbances,
thermostats shall meet the requirements of Clauses 4.4.2 to 4.4.5.
4.4.2 Harmonics
Thermostats (including those with a maximum rated current greater than 16 A) shall meet IEC 61000-3-2
Class A requirements when operating at their maximum rated load and a 100% duty cycle.
4.4.3 RF emissions
Thermostats shall meet the requirements of IEC CISPR 14-1 for regulating controls incorporating
semiconductor devices when operating at their maximum rated load and a 50% duty cycle.
4.4.4 Light flickering
To minimize incandescent light flickering, thermostats shall have a cycle length of at least 15 s. Cycle
length shall be verified at a 50% duty cycle.
4.4.5 Synchronism
4.4.5.1 General
To avoid synchronism, thermostats with a cycle length that varies as a function of the duty cycle (U-shaped
curve with the minimum at 50%) shall meet the requirements of Clause 4.4.5.2. Other thermostats shall
be considered to have a fixed cycle length and shall meet the requirements of Clause 4.4.5.3.
4
March 2006
4.4.5.2 Variable cycle length
The cycle length of the thermostats shall vary as a function of the percentage time ON. The minimum
cycle length shall occur at a duty cycle of 50 ± 10% and increase as the duty cycle increases or decreases
(U-shaped curve with the minimum at 50%). The cycle length value at 20% and 80% duty cycle shall be
at least 125% of the cycle length value at 50% duty cycle.
Cycle length shall be verified using the data obtained during the droop and differential tests (see
Clauses 4.3.1 to 4.3.3) by plotting the cycle length value as a function of the duty cycle value.
4.4.5.3 Fixed cycle length
Thermostats shall have a built-in random start-up delay that will allow the operation to begin randomly on
any electrical half-cycle after the thermostat has been powered ON. Thermostats may also be built with
slightly different cycle lengths. The product of the number of different cycle lengths times the number of
different start-up delays shall be greater than 1200 to prevent synchronized functioning of thermostats in
a dwelling.
Verification shall be performed using seven thermostats simultaneously and observing the current
pattern on an oscilloscope to determine whether any two thermostats are regulating in a synchronized
way. Verification shall be performed at a 20 to 80% duty cycle, but a specific load shall not be required.
4.5 Electromagnetic compatibility — Susceptibility
4.5.1 General
To ensure that they will be able to withstand radiated and conducted electromagnetic disturbances,
thermostats shall meet the requirements of Clauses 4.5.2 to 4.5.6.
When the Standards specified in Clauses 4.5.2 to 4.5.4 and 4.5.6 specify two levels of immunity to
radiated and conducted electromagnetic disturbances, the lower one shall be met “without any effect”
and the higher one shall be met “without any damage”. “Without any effect” means that the thermostat
shall continue to function normally during the entire test. “Without any damage” means that the
thermostat may stop functioning during the test but afterwards shall revert automatically to normal
functioning. When only one level of immunity is specified, it shall be met “without any damage”.
After any test, a thermostat shall maintain the last set point fixed by the user or, if applicable, by a
program, and shall not, during or after any sequence of tests, revert to a preset set point.
4.5.2 Fast transient burst
Thermostats shall meet IEC 61000-4-4 Level 3 requirements at their minimum and maximum rated loads.
Verification shall be performed at a 0% and 100% duty cycle.
4.5.3 Surge
Thermostats shall meet IEEE C62.41.2 Class B3 requirements at their minimum and maximum rated loads.
Verification shall be performed at a 0% and 100% duty cycle.
4.5.4 Voltage variations
Thermostats shall meet IEC 61000-4-11 Class 2 requirements at their maximum rated load. Verification
shall be performed at a 0% and 100% duty cycle.
4.5.5 Voltage dips and short interruptions
Thermostats shall meet the requirements specified in Table 1 at their maximum rated load. Verification
shall be performed at a 0% and 100% duty cycle.
4.5.6 Voltage fluctuations
Thermostats shall meet IEC 61000-4-14 Levels 1 and 2 requirements at their minimum and maximum
rated loads. Verification shall be performed at a 0% and 100% duty cycle.
March 2006
5
C828-06
5 Thermal regulation test requirements
5.1 Test set-up
The testing required by this Clause shall be performed in a dual-climate test chamber (see Figures 1 to 4).
The dual-climate test chamber shall be approximately 7.9 m long, 6.7 m wide, and 5.2 m high
(26 × 22 × 17 ft) and divided into four parts: a test room, a warm room, a cold room, and a crawl space.
The test room shall be approximately 4.9 m long, 3.7 m wide, and 2.4 m high (16 × 12 × 8 ft). The warm
room and the crawl space shall be kept at the same temperature as the test room, and thus two of the test
room’s walls and its floor will be essentially adiabatic. Its other two walls and ceiling shall be in contact
with the cold room. The test room walls shall have R20 and R10 insulation (see Figures 1 and 2); its floor
shall have R30 insulation and its ceiling shall have R40 insulation. Its windows shall be double glazed, be
0.8 m2 in area, have an R factor of 2, and have a wooden frame.
Inside the test room, a stand-alone thermostat and the heating devices (baseboards and/or convectors
without fans) shall be installed in accordance with residential standards: the thermostat on the left side of
the door, each baseboard below a window, and each convector on a cold wall below a window if possible
(see Figures 3 and 4)*. The electrical system shall be connected to a stabilized power source and the total
test load shall not exceed the maximum rated load specified by the manufacturer. For test loads greater
than 1000 W, the heating devices located in the test room shall provide only 1000 W of the test load; the
remaining part of the load shall be situated outside the dual-climate test chamber to avoid the overheating
and instability that could be generated in the test room by heating devices providing a larger total load.
The thermostat shall always be connected to the total test load, even when part of the load is outside the
test chamber. When built-in thermostats covered by this Standard (up to 1500 W) are being tested, the
entire unit shall be located inside the test room†.
*In practical applications, for test loads of 1000 W, two 500 W baseboards are used within the test room, one installed
below each window.
†In practical applications, the heating device containing the built-in thermostat is located on the shorter cold wall, under the
window. When this is not possible due to the size of the heating device, the device is located adjacent to the window towards
the cold corner of the test room. This is to allow the device to be located as far as possible from the temperature probe
located in the middle of the test room.
5.2 Test procedure
For control purposes, the temperature shall be measured at several points inside the four parts of the
dual-climate test chamber by temperature sensors with a time constant of 10 s or less in 100 mm diameter
globes formed from a 1.25 mm copper plate and coated with a high emissivity (> 0.9) black paint (the
sensors should be located approximately at the locations shown in Figures 3 and 4). For purposes of
analysis, the temperature at the geometric centre of the test room shall also be measured, by a 100 mm
diameter globe temperature sensor. The cycle length of the thermostat shall be obtained from a pulse
meter that records a pulse every time the thermostat turns ON.
All of the probes for the control and monitoring of the dual-climate test chamber shall be scanned every
10 s. Average temperatures shall be calculated for 5 min periods and recorded in a data file.
The thermostat set point shall be 22 °C.
The dual-climate test chamber shall be stabilized at –25 °C for the cold room and 22 °C for the test
room (thermostat set point) for 48 h.
The cold room temperature shall be increased from –25 to 25 °C at 0.576 °C/h to produce a slow
variation of the heating load for the thermostat.
5.3 Data analysis
The following calculations shall be performed:
(a) The average percentage time ON of the thermostat shall be calculated over 2 h periods (average
consumption in watts divided by total nominal load in watts) for the duration of the cold room
temperature increase specified in Clause 5.2.
(b) The minimum, average, and maximum temperatures at the centre of the test room shall be
calculated over the same 2 h periods specified in Item (a) for the duration of the cold room
temperature increase.
6
March 2006
(c) The linear relationship between each of the three temperature series of Item (b) and the average time
ON of Item (a) for duty cycle values higher than 20% shall be calculated.
(d) The thermostat droop for the centre of the test room shall be calculated as the difference in the
minimum temperature for 20% and 80% time ON, respectively, using the linear relationships
specified in Item (c).
(e) The thermostat differential for the centre of the test room shall be calculated as the difference
between the maximum and the minimum temperatures for 50% time ON, using the linear
relationships specified in Item (c).
(f) The thermostat cycle length shall be calculated using the pulse meter data. Because for certain
models of thermostats the cycle length varies with the percentage time ON, an average cycle length
shall be calculated between 40 and 60% time ON for all thermostats tested.
(g) The precision of the thermostat set point temperature shall be calculated using the average
temperature linear relationship specified in Item (c). The average temperature value corresponding to
a 0% duty cycle shall be calculated for the centre of the test room.
5.4 Sampling plan
Note: See Annex A.
A sample of sufficient size shall be tested to ensure that any represented value of droop, differential, or set
point precision of the thermostat for which consumers would favour lower values shall be not less than the
greater of
(a) the mean of the sample; or
(b) the upper 90% confidence limit of the true mean divided by 1.05.
Table 1
Voltage dip and short interruption requirements
(See Clause 4.5.5.)
Test level, % of rated voltage
Depth of voltage dips and short
interruptions, % of rated voltage
Duration, number of periods
Without any effect
(see Clause 4.5.1)
0
40
70
100
60
30
1
10
25
100
100
100
100
6
30
90
200
Without any damage
(see Clause 4.5.1)
0
0
0
0
March 2006
7
C828-06
7.92 m (26 ft)
Cold room
4.57 m (15 ft)
1.22 m
(4 ft)
1.22 m
(4 ft)
Double-glazed
window
3.35 m
(11 ft)
Double-glazed
window
1.22 m
(4 ft)
Enclosure (R40)
thickness: 0.29 m (11.3 in)
1.22 m
(4 ft)
6.71 m
(22 ft)
Warm room
Interior wall (R10)
Exterior wall (R20)
Figure 1
Dual-climate test chamber: Top view (plan)
(See Clause 5.1.)
8
March 2006
7.92 m (26 ft)
Cold room
1.02 m
(3.35 ft)
4.88 m (16 ft)
2.44 m
(8 ft)
Test room
Interior wall
(R10)
Warm
room
5.18 m
(17 ft)
Exterior wall
(R20)
Crawl space
Enclosure (R40)
Ceiling (R40)
1.22 m
(4 ft)
Floor (R30)
Figure 2
Dual-climate test chamber: Side view (elevation)
(See Clause 5.1.)
March 2006
9
C828-06
Cold room
Baseboard or convector
Baseboard or
convector
Test room
Thermostat
under test
Warm room
Temperature probe
Note: The temperature probe in the test room is located at the geometric centre of the room; the temperature
probes in the other rooms are located to accurately control the temperature in these spaces.
Figure 3
Location of equipment in dual-climate test chamber:
Top view (plan)
(See Clauses 5.1 and 5.2.)
10
March 2006
Cold room
Test room
Warm
room
Crawl space
Temperature probe
Note: The temperature probe in the test room is located at the geometric centre of the room; the
temperature probes in the other rooms are located to accurately control the temperature in these
spaces.
Figure 4
Location of equipment in dual-climate test
chamber: Side view (elevation)
(See Clauses 5.1 and 5.2.)
March 2006
11
C828-06
Annex A (informative)
Details of sampling plan (See Clause 5.4)
Note: This Annex is not a mandatory part of this Standard.
A.1 Equation
The following equation may be used to determine the upper confidence limit (UCL):
UCL = X + (t × S)/ n
where
X = mean of sample
t = value in Table A.1
S = sample standard deviation
n = number of samples tested
A.2 Example (n = 2)
For 90% confidence, where X = 1.5 °C, droop S = 0.05, n = 2, and t (from Table A.1) = 3.078,
UCL = 1.5 + (3.078 × 0.05)/ 2 = 1.61
Clause 5.4 requires the represented value of energy consumption to be not less than the greater of
(a) the mean of the sample (i.e., 1.5); or
(b) the upper 90% confidence limit of the true mean divided by 1.05.
In this example, 1.61/1.05 = 1.53, and the label figure will be not less than 1.53 °C.
A.3 Taking a larger sample (n = 3)
If n = 3, then t = 1.886, and
UCL = 1.5 + (1.886 × 0.05)/ 3 = 1.55
For the value described in Clause A.2(b), the label value = 1.55/1.05 = 1.48. However, the label figure will
be not greater than 1.5 °C (the mean of the sample).
Therefore, taking three samples instead of two does not decrease the label figure. Consequently, in this
example there is no advantage to taking a sample of more than two units.
12
March 2006
Table A.1
t values for 90% confidence limit
(See Clauses A.1 and A.2.)
Sample size, n
March 2006
t value
2
3.078
3
1.886
4
1.638
5
1.533
6
1.476
7
1.440
8
1.415
9
1.397
10
1.383
11
1.372
12
1.363
13
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ISBN 1-55436-071-4

Performance requirements for thermostats used

Transcription

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