Poster Session Program Programme des séances

Transcription

Poster Session Program
Programme des séances-affiches
LE RÈVE DES GÉNÉRATIONS FUTURES
LE DÉFI DE NOTRE GÉNÉRATION
THE DREAM OF FUTURE GENERATIONS
THE CHALLENGE OF OUR GENERATION
4th Annual Health Research
Conference in New Brunswick
4e Conférence annuelle sur la
recherche en santé du
Nouveau-Brunswick
Thank you to all poster presenters for your participation
Please note that abstracts appear in this booklet as submitted
Merci à tous les présentateurs d’affiches de leur participation
À noter que les résumés publiés dans le livret apparaissent tels que présentés
Présentateurs - Présentatrices - Presenters
Name
Nom
Institution
Établissement
Title of Project
Titre du projet
Risk-Taking and Secrecy Among
Individuals With Eating Disorders
Poster number
Numéro d'affiche
Bartlett
Jennifer/
University of New
Helena Dayal Brunswick
Beyea
James
Bouffard
Vicky
Bourque
Paul
Brown
Amy
Mount Allison
University
The effect of DCA and allopurinol on
breast cancer cell viability
Charlton
Pat
University of New
Brunswick
Socio-demographic, Clinical and
Health System Factors Associated
with Non-Attendance at
Diabetes Clinic Appointments
28
Cormier
Kevin
UdeM /ACRI
Identifying the target of a small
molecule that induce cell death in
renal cancer cells with a loss of
von Hippel-Lindau
20
Culf
Adrian S
Furlong
Karen
Atlantic Cancer
Research Institute
University of New
Brunswick
Novel HDAC6 inhibitors as potential
anti-cancer therapy
Understanding the experiences of
nurses who are learning to use
health-care technology: Situating
the individual as most salient
UNB
Automating the Timed Up and Go
Test (TUG test) with wearable
sensors
Université de
Un programme d'exercices périMoncton, campus
opératoire pour l'arthroplastie de la
d'Edmundston
hanche: Les effets sur la
locomotion/Peri-operative exercice
training program for hip
arthroplasty: The effect on
locomotion
Université de Moncton Social context and mental health in
homeless people in N.-B.
44
21
1
10
9
8
47
Name
Nom
Institution
Établissement
Title of Project
Titre du projet
Goguen
Julie
Centre de formation
Relationship between Motivation
médicale du Nouveau- and Specific types of Physical Activity
Brunswick
among grade 5 and 6
Students
Gouliquer
Lynne
St. Thomas University
Harris
Kami D M
Hassan
Ansar
Mount Allison
University
Saint John Regional
Hospital
Hussaini
Ali
Jarrett
Pamela
Jbilou
Jalila
Jones
Ben
Jones Charbachi
Serena
Aging at home: The voices of rural
New Brunswick Seniors / Vieillir chez
soi: La voix des aînés du Nouveau
Brunswick
Constructing a risk map for Lyme
borreliosis in New Brunswick
The impact of language,
socioeconomic status and place of
residence on access to and
outcomes following cardiac surgery
in New Brunswick
Institute of Biomedical Compensatory Motions in
Engineering (UNB)
Transradial Myoelectric Prosthesis
Users
Horizon Health
What do We Know about the
Network
Patients who are Alternate Level of
Care in Horizon Health Network?
Centre de Formation
Médicale
Exploring preferences and
acceptance of m-Health as a source
of information on sexual health in
New Brunswick: An exploratory
study among francophone youth in
Moncton
Institute od Biomedical The Design of a Prosthetic Hand with
Engineering, UNB
Improved Functionality
University of New
Brunswick
Newcomers' Experience of
Workplace Bullying
Poster number
Numéro d'affiche
48
7
32
49
2
17
3
43
12
Name
Nom
Institution
Établissement
Title of Project
Titre du projet
Poster number
Numéro d'affiche
Kemp
Michael
Dr Georges-L.-Dumont Efficacy of a calculated theophylline
University Hospital
loading dose to augment ECT: A
retrospective study.
Efficacité d’une dose de charge
calculée de théophylline pour
optimiser la sismothérapie : Une
étude rétrospective.
25
Landry,
John
UNB Institute of
A Novel Device for Autonomous
Biomedical Engineering Limb Strength Measurement
29
Legault-Moore
Dominique
Faculty of Kinesiology, The Take Healthy Eating Active
University if New
Recreation Today (H.E.A.R.T.)
Brunswick
Program improves the health and
fitness of sedentary adults in just 12
weeks.
37
Lyons
Pierre J
Université de Moncton Modulation of freeze-associated
miRNAs at low temperatures
41
MacDonald
Heather
UNB
Returning to work after depression:
Implications for women's health
16
MacIntosh
Judith
UNB
13
McCloskey
Rose
McGibbon
Chris
McKeon
Melissa
University of New
Brunswick
University of New
Brunswick
Saint John Regional
Hospital
Workplace bullying affects men’s
sense of self
Alternate Level of Care: Patient and
Family Perspectives
A framework for biomechanical
control of artificial joint motion
Direct lateral interbody fusion
without posterior stabilization: Initial
report of the first 10 consecutive
cases.
McLean,
Verna
University of New
Brunswick
33
Mohamed,
Abeer
UNB
Participants in the H.E.A.L.T.H. Study
show improved health-related
fitness at 6-months
Modeling and Simulation of
Transfemoral Amputated Gait
51
39
46
34
Name
Nom
Morrison
Kate
Odjélé
André
Institution
Établissement
Title of Project
Titre du projet
UNB
A participant profile at intake into
the Healthy Eating, Active Living for
Tomorrow’s Health (HEALTH)
Study for management of adult
obesity
Poster number
Numéro d'affiche
24
Université de Moncton Targeting tribbles proteins: A
punishment that fights the crime for
GBMs
Sarah
Université de Moncton CHANGES IN COGNITION OVER TIME
IN ELDERLY CANADIANS
Marc Étienne Centre de formation
Weigh control and management for
médicale du Nouveau- young adult men in New Brunswick:
Brunswick
Implementing an evidence based
intervention in a rural context
42
Patterson
Alyssa E
23
Picot
Nadia
Prickett
Karel
Razak
Roua
Synthesis and Anti-cancer Properties
of a Novel Family of Platinum
Complexes
Université de Moncton Mammaglobin 1 regulates breast
cancer cell malignancy and
anticancer drug sensitivity
University of New
Guided Active Play Games Elicit a
Brunswick
Moderate Level of Physical Activity
in a Field Setting
UNB
Enhancing Electromyography Based
Locomotion Mode Classification
When Using Powered Lower
Limb Prostheses
Scheme
Erik
Institute of Biomedical Pattern Detection for Improved
Engineering UNB
Myoelectric Control Usability
36
Scott-Storey
Kelly
UNB
19
Pakzad
Parent
Mount Allison
University
Abuse as a Risk Factor For
Cardiovascular Disease: Modeling
the Effects of Lifetime Abuse on CVD
Risk as Mediated through CVD Risk
Behaviors and Changes in Depressive
Symptomatology Among Women
5
4
6
31
11
Name
Nom
Institution
Établissement
Title of Project
Titre du projet
Poster number
Numéro d'affiche
Quantitative Clinical Assessment of
Muscle Spasticity using Wearable
Sensors
Quantification of the effects of path
radius on temporo-spatial gait
parameters in healthy walkers
35
Sexton
Andrew
IBME - UNB
Smith
Robert
University of New
Brunswick
St-Coeur
Patrick-Denis Université de Moncton PF-8380 and closely related
analogues synthesis, structureactivity relationship towards
autotaxin inhibition and glioma cell
viability
Stéphanie
Université de Moncton Le rôle des récepteurs nicotiniques
de l’acétylcholine dans la production
et la différenciation des
monocytes
15
Tripoteau
Ludovic
Institut de Recherche
sur les Zones Côtières
Activités antiherpétiques
d'hydrolysats de Cucumaria frondosa
- Antiherpetic activities of
hydrolysates of Cucumaria frondosa
40
Trites
Melissa
UNB
Benefits of self-management in
adolescents with juvenile arthritis
30
Wall
Michael
Atlantic Cancer
Research Institute
The Role of Critical Arginine Residues
in hnRNP A1 Cytoplasmic Activity
22
Ward
Stéphanie
Université de
Sherbrooke, campus
de Moncton
Influence of school environment on
youth participation in organized and
individual physical activities/
Influence de l’environnement
scolaire sur la participation des
jeunes aux activités physiques
organisées et individuelles
45
Weaver
Kathryn
University of New
Brunswick
50
Wilkins
Krista
UNB Fredericton
Peril, Pain, and Advocacy: Voices and
Stories of Women Living with Eating
Disorders
Picture it! Capturing the Complexity
of Second Cancer Risk through
Photographs Taken by Cancer
Survivors
St-Pierre
18
27
26
Name
Nom
Institution
Établissement
Title of Project
Titre du projet
Poster number
Numéro d'affiche
Wilson
Adam
Institute of Biomedical The UNB Hand System
Engineering, UNB
38
Wuest
Judith
UNB
14
The Intervention for Health
Enhancement after Leaving (iHEAL)
an Abusive Partner: Findings of a
Feasibility and Efficacy Study
Posters - Affiches
Poster number
Name
Numéro d'affiche
Nom
Institution
Title of Project
Établissement
Titre du projet
Un programme d'exercices périopératoire pour l'arthroplastie de
la hanche: Les effets sur la
locomotion/Peri-operative
exercice training program for hip
arthroplasty: The effect on
locomotion
1
Bouffard
Vicky
Université de
Moncton, campus
d'Edmundston
2
Hussaini
Ali
3
Jbilou
Jalila
Institute of Biomedical Compensatory Motions in
Engineering (UNB)
Transradial Myoelectric
Prosthesis Users
Centre de Formation Exploring preferences and
Médicale
acceptance of m-Health as a
source of information on sexual
health in New Brunswick: An
exploratory study among
francophone youth in Moncton
4
Parent
Marc Étienne Centre de formation
Weigh control and management
médicale du Nouveau- for young adult men in New
Brunswick
Brunswick: Implementing an
evidence based intervention in a
rural context
5
Pakzad
Sarah
Université de Moncton CHANGES IN COGNITION OVER
TIME IN ELDERLY CANADIANS
6
Picot
Nadia
Université de Moncton Mammaglobin 1 regulates breast
cancer cell malignancy and
anticancer drug sensitivity
7
Gouliquer
Lynne
St. Thomas University
8
Culf
Adrian S
9
Brown
Amy
Atlantic Cancer
Research Institute
Mount Allison
University
Aging at home: The voices of
rural New Brunswick Seniors /
Vieillir chez soi: La voix des aînés
du Nouveau-Brunswick
Novel HDAC6 inhibitors as
potential anti-cancer therapy
The effect of DCA and allopurinol
on breast cancer cell viability
Posters - Affiches
Poster number
Name
Numéro d'affiche
Nom
10
Bourque
Paul
Établissement
Titre du projet
Université de Moncton Social context and mental health
in homeless people in N.-B.
11
Razak
Roua
UNB
12
Jones Charbachi
13
MacIntosh
14
Wuest
15
St-Coeur
16
MacDonald
Heather
UNB
17
Jarrett
Pamela
Horizon Health
Network
18
Smith
Robert
University of New
Brunswick
19
Scott-Storey
Kelly
UNB
Institution
Title of Project
Enhancing Electromyography
Based Locomotion Mode
Classification When Using
Powered Lower
Limb Prostheses
Serena
University of New
Newcomers' Experience of
Brunswick
Workplace Bullying
Judith
UNB
Workplace bullying affects men’s
sense of self
Judith
UNB
The Intervention for Health
Enhancement after Leaving
(iHEAL) an Abusive Partner:
Findings of a Feasibility and
Efficacy Study
Patrick-Denis Université de Moncton PF-8380 and closely related
analogues synthesis, structureactivity relationship towards
autotaxin inhibition and glioma
cell viability
Returning to work after
depression: Implications for
women's health
What do We Know about the
Patients who are Alternate Level
of Care in Horizon Health
Network?
Quantification of the effects of
path radius on temporo-spatial
gait parameters in healthy
walkers
Abuse as a Risk Factor For
Cardiovascular Disease: Modeling
the Effects of Lifetime Abuse on
CVD Risk as Mediated through
CVD Risk Behaviors and Changes
in Depressive Symptomatology
Among Women
Posters - Affiches
Poster number
Name
Numéro d'affiche
Nom
20
Cormier
21
Institution
Title of Project
Kevin
Établissement
UdeM /ACRI
Titre du projet
Identifying the target of a small
molecule that induce cell death in
renal cancer cells with a loss of
von Hippel-Lindau
Beyea
James
UNB
22
Wall
Michael
Atlantic Cancer
Research Institute
23
Patterson
Alyssa E
Mount Allison
University
24
Morrison
Kate
UNB
Automating the Timed Up and Go
Test (TUG test) with wearable
sensors
The Role of Critical Arginine
Residues in hnRNP A1
Cytoplasmic Activity
Synthesis and Anti-cancer
Properties of a Novel Family of
Platinum Complexes
A participant profile at intake into
the Healthy Eating, Active Living
for Tomorrow’s Health (HEALTH)
Study for management of adult
obesity
25
Kemp
Michael
Dr Georges-L.-Dumont Efficacy of a calculated
University Hospital
theophylline loading dose to
augment ECT: A retrospective
study.
Efficacité d’une dose de charge
calculée de théophylline pour
optimiser la sismothérapie : Une
26
Wilkins
Krista
UNB Fredericton
27
St-Pierre
Stéphanie
Picture it! Capturing the
Complexity of Second Cancer Risk
through Photographs Taken by
Cancer
Survivors
Université de Moncton Le rôle des récepteurs
nicotiniques de l’acétylcholine
dans la production et la
différenciation des
monocytes
Posters - Affiches
Poster number
Name
Numéro d'affiche
Nom
28
Charlton
Pat
29
Landry,
John
UNB Institute of
A Novel Device for Autonomous
Biomedical Engineering Limb Strength Measurement
30
Trites
Melissa
UNB
Benefits of self-management in
adolescents with juvenile arthritis
31
Prickett
Karel
University of New
Brunswick
Guided Active Play Games Elicit a
Moderate Level of Physical
Activity in a Field Setting
32
Harris
Kami D M
Mount Allison
University
Constructing a risk map for Lyme
borreliosis in New Brunswick
33
McLean,
Verna
University of New
Brunswick
Participants in the H.E.A.L.T.H.
Study show improved healthrelated fitness at 6-months
34
Mohamed,
Abeer
UNB
35
Sexton
Andrew
IBME - UNB
Modeling and Simulation of
Transfemoral Amputated Gait
Quantitative Clinical Assessment
of Muscle Spasticity using
Wearable Sensors
36
Scheme
Erik
Institute of Biomedical Pattern Detection for Improved
Engineering UNB
Myoelectric Control Usability
37
Legault-Moore
Dominique
Faculty of Kinesiology, The Take Healthy Eating Active
University if New
Recreation Today (H.E.A.R.T.)
Brunswick
Program improves the health and
fitness of sedentary adults in just
12 weeks.
38
Wilson
Adam
Institute of Biomedical The UNB Hand System
Engineering, UNB
39
McGibbon
Chris
University of New
Brunswick
Institution
Title of Project
Établissement
University of New
Brunswick
Titre du projet
Socio-demographic, Clinical and
Health System Factors Associated
with Non-Attendance at Diabetes
Clinic Appointments
A framework for biomechanical
control of artificial joint motion
Posters - Affiches
Poster number
Name
Numéro d'affiche
Nom
40
Tripoteau
Ludovic
41
Lyons
Pierre J
42
Odjélé
André
43
Jones
Ben
44
Bartlett
Jennifer/
University of New
Helena Dayal Brunswick
Risk-Taking and Secrecy Among
Individuals With Eating Disorders
45
Ward
Stéphanie
Université de
Sherbrooke, campus
de Moncton
Influence of school environment
on youth participation in
organized and individual physical
activities/
Influence de l’environnement
scolaire sur la participation des
jeunes aux activités physiques
46
McKeon
Melissa
Saint John Regional
Hospital
47
Furlong
Karen
University of New
Brunswick
Direct lateral interbody fusion
without posterior stabilization:
Initial report of the first 10
consecutive
cases.
Understanding the experiences of
nurses who are learning to use
health-care technology: Situating
48
Goguen
Julie
Centre de formation
Relationship between Motivation
médicale du Nouveau- and Specific types of Physical
Brunswick
Activity among grade 5 and 6
Students
Institution
Title of Project
Établissement
Titre du projet
Institut de Recherche Activités antiherpétiques
sur les Zones Côtières d'hydrolysats de Cucumaria
frondosa - Antiherpetic activities
of hydrolysates of Cucumaria
frondosa
Université de Moncton Modulation of freeze-associated
miRNAs at low temperatures
Université de Moncton Targeting tribbles proteins: A
punishment that fights the crime
for GBMs
Institute od Biomedical The Design of a Prosthetic Hand
Engineering, UNB
with Improved Functionality
Posters - Affiches
Poster number
Name
Numéro d'affiche
Nom
49
Hassan
Ansar
50
Weaver
51
McCloskey
Institution
Title of Project
Établissement
Saint John Regional
Hospital
Titre du projet
The impact of language,
socioeconomic status and place
of residence on access to and
outcomes following cardiac
surgery in New Brunswick
Kathryn
University of New
Brunswick
Rose
University of New
Brunswick
Peril, Pain, and Advocacy: Voices
and Stories of Women Living with
Eating Disorders
Alternate Level of Care: Patient
and Family Perspectives
1
Title of the research project - Titre du projet de recherche
Un programme d'exercices péri-opératoire pour l'arthroplastie de la hanche: Les effets sur la
locomotion/Peri-operative exercice training program for hip arthroplasty: The effect on locomotion
Poster presenter - Nom de la personne qui présentera l'affiche
Vicky Bouffard
Researchers involved in this project - Chercheurs participant au projet
Bouffard, Vicky.
Abstract - Résumé
Objectif : L’arthroplastie de la hanche est une intervention chirurgicale reconnue afin de soulager les
patients qui souffrent d’ostéoarthrite. Cependant, la réhabilitation en période post-opératoire est
longue et ne permet pas toujours une récupération complète. L’objectif de cette étude est de
caractériser la biomécanique et la symétrie entre les deux jambes (opérée et non-opérée) pendant
la locomotion après un programme d’exercices péri-opératoire (pré et post-opératoire),
complémentaire au programme de réhabilitation en physiothérapie, chez des patients à la suite
d’une arthroplastie de la hanche. Méthode : Onze patients ont participé à cette étude. Un
programme d’exercices péri-opératoire de 8 semaines incluant des exercices cardiovasculaires,
musculaires, en plus d’exercices pour la proprioception et la flexibilité, a été effectué. Les
paramètres spatio-temporels, un questionnaire sur l’arthrite, la force des muscles de la hanche
(fléchisseurs, extenseurs, abducteurs et adducteurs), la cinématique et la cinétique des membres
inférieurs (hanche, genou et cheville) ont été analysés et la symétrie a été calculée. Résultats :
Après un programme de réhabilitation en physiothérapie et un programme d’exercices
péri-opératoire, une augmentation de la force des muscles abducteurs de la hanche et une
meilleure symétrie à la hanche, au genou et à la cheville ont été observés durant la locomotion.
Conclusion : Un programme d’exercices péri-opératoire semble efficace et devrait être proposé à
tous les patients en attente d’une arthroplastie de la hanche.
Objective: Arthroplasty is a recognized surgical intervention to relieve patients from hip
osteoarthritis. However, post-operatively rehabilitation is long and does not always allow a return to
normal function. The aim of the study is to characterize the biomechanical and symmetry between
the two legs (operated and non-operated) during locomotion after a peri-operative (pre and
post-operatively) exercise program, in addition to the physiotherapy rehabilitation program, in
patients undergoing hip arthroplasty. Methods: Eleven patients participated in this study.
Peri-operative exercise program, including cardiovascular, muscle strength, proprioceptive and
stretching exercises, was performed during 8 weeks (pre and post-operatively). Spatio-temporal,
Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), symmetry of the hip muscle
strength (flexors, extensors, abductors and adductors), kinematic and kinetic of the lower limb (hip,
knee and ankle) were assessed and symmetry was calculated. Results: After physiotherapy
rehabilitation and a peri-operative exercise training program, an increase in hip abductor muscle
strength and a better symmetry was observed for the hip, knee and ankle power during gait pattern.
Conclusion: Peri-operative exercise training program seems to be effective and should be proposed
to all patients on a waiting list for hip arthroplasty.
Page 1/1
2
Compensatory Motions in Transradial Myoelectric Prosthesis Users
Ali Hussaini
Hussaini, Ali; Zinck, Arthur; Kyberd, Peter.
Abstract - Résumé
Patients who undergo a unilateral transradial amputation experience a reduction in dexterity of their
affected upper limb. In addition to the reduced functionality of a prosthetic hand, the associated wrist
motions of prosupination, flexion/extension and radioulnar deviation are severely compromised,
which relegates the role of the prosthesis bearing arm to that of the non-dominant side. The patient
often performs compensatory motions when performing many Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) to
accommodate for the reduced range of motion. This study investigates the compensatory motions
of patients performing a selected set of bimanual activities. These activities are also repeated with a
group of able-bodied subjects who serve as a benchmark for comparison. Able-bodied subjects
repeated the activities with an immobilizing hand and elbow splint to limit motion at these joints.
Movements are recorded using a motion capture system and the kinematic data is further processed
to calculate clinical joint angles. The study found an increased range of motion of the joints proximal
to the prosthesis in the patient group. Increases in motion and joint angles were typically spread
over a number of joints, identified by observing patterns in synergistic motion of several joints. This
was expected as the patient attempts to reduce the motion at any one joint, decreasing the potential
for a repetitive strain injury. Other compensations observed included adopting new postures and
prepositioning items in the workspace before performing a given activity. Insight into the patient’s
solution development and accommodation of their prosthesis is presented.
Page 1/1
3
Exploring preferences and acceptance of m-Health as a source of information on sexual health in
New Brunswick: An exploratory study among francophone youth in Moncton
Jbilou Jalila
Pakzad, Sarah; Petitpas, Richard; Mompoint, Herleen; El Adlouni, Salah-Eddine.
Abstract - Résumé
Background: M-Health is defined as “mobile communications technologies for health.” The
burgeoning advances in mobile technologies and their high utilization in daily life among youth
(e.g.,smartphones) have created opportunities for improving youth’s accessibility to timely adequate
information on sexual health and improve their knowledge and positive attitude toward protection
and prevention. However, few studies had explored preferences and acceptance of m-Health as a
source of information in sexual health (SISH) in New Brunswick. Method: Qualitative research based
on the theory of acceptance and use of technology using focus groups with youth aged between 16
and 24 years schooled in francophone education institutions (high school, college and University) in
Moncton. We performed content analysis of data. Results: 9 focus groups, 3 (only girls, only boys
and boys and girls) in each educational institution to be able to identify gender differences and
interaction about content and format preferences of m-Health as a SISH. Our preliminary results
show that m-Health is the most preferred SISH. Major factors identified are: 1) User’s characteristics
(age, gender, education level); 2) Social factors (parents openness, friends utilization); 3) Format
factors (graphic design, information structuration, technologic functionality, variety of options); and 4)
Content factors (relevance, utility, variety, positivity). respondents proposed the creation of a
personal account that can be accessible and used by their health professional (nurse) as an
interface to communicate with them.
Contexte: M-santé est définie comme "technologies de communications mobiles pour la santé." Les
progrès en plein essor des technologies mobiles et leur utilisation élevée au quotidien chez les
jeunes (par exemple, les smartphones) ont créé des opportunités pour améliorer l'accessibilité des
jeunes à une information adéquate en temps opportun sur la santé sexuelle et d'améliorer leurs
connaissances et leur attitude positive envers la protection et la prévention. Cependant, peu
d'études ont exploré les préférences et l'acceptation de la m-santé en tant que source d'information
en matière de santé sexuelle (SISH) au Nouveau-Brunswick. Méthode: La recherche qualitative
basée sur la théorie de l'acceptation et de l'utilisation de la technologie en utilisant des groupes de
discussion avec des jeunes âgés entre 16 et 24 ans scolarisés dans les établissements
d'enseignement francophones (secondaire, collégial et universitaire) à Moncton. Nous avons
effectué une analyse de contenu des données. Résultats: 9 groupes de discussion, 3 (avec
seulement des filles, des garçons et garçons et filles) dans chaque établissement d'enseignement
ont permis d'identifier les différences entre les sexes et leur interaction sur les préférences de
contenu et le format de m-santé comme SISH. Nos résultats préliminaires montrent que le m-santé
est le SISH préféré. Les principaux facteurs identifiés sont les suivants: 1) Caractéristiques de
l'utilisateur (âge, sexe, niveau d'éducation); 2) Facteurs sociaux (ouverture des parents, utilisation
par les amis significatifs), 3) Format (conception graphique, des informations structuration, la
fonctionnalité technologique, variété d'options); et 4) Contenu (pertinence, utilité, variété, positivité).
De plus, les répondants ont proposé la création d'un compte personnel qui peut être accessible et
utilisé par leur professionnelle de santé (infirmière) comme une interface pour communiquer avec
eux.
4
Weigh control and management for young adult men in New Brunswick: Implementing an evidence
based intervention in a rural context
Parent Marc Étienne
Jbilou, Jalila; Parent, Marc Étienne; Dupuis , Julien; Mcbeath, Josée Marie; Waite, Mark Edward.
Abstract - Résumé
Introduction: Prevalence of overweight and obesity (Ov/Ob) is rising in industrialized nations, leading
to major challenges for primary care, especially for rural areas. Literature shows that men present
higher rates of Ov/Ob compared to women have lower rates of health services utilization, of
compliance to health recommendations and of adherence to health prevention advice. Tailoring
weight control and management (WC&M) interventions for men increases their satisfaction and
adherence; and lowers the incidence of Ov/Ob related complications in this group. However,
implementing new models of care in a rural context is a clinical and organizational challenge.
Method: A qualitative research design based on a literature scoping review and semi-structured
interviews with primary healthcare professionals. Results: Multifaceted interventions for WC&M for
young adult men have higher effectiveness. They include weight-loss strategies, auto-monitoring,
men’s group workshops, and long term regular follow-up. We derived a multifaceted intervention and
evaluated its clinical/organizational acceptability and feasibility in a rural context. Interviews show
that minor structural, professional and social adjustments are needed to implement a new model of
care in a rural context. However, raising awareness and leveraging appropriation of innovative
clinical models need investment in participative approaches, iterative validation strategies, and
clinical information and training meetings. Conclusion: Multifaceted interventions offer a structural
basis that may improve the implementation and sustainability of innovative primary care practices.
Moreover, openness of the clinicians to innovation and their involvement at the first stages of the
change process are critical for the adaptation and adoption of new models of care.
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5
CHANGES IN COGNITION OVER TIME IN ELDERLY CANADIANS
Sarah Pakzad
Pakzad, Sarah; Jbilou, Jalila; Routhier, Nicholas; Rockwood, Kenneth; El-Adlounie, Salah-Eddine;
Bourque, Paul.
Abstract - Résumé
Abstract The use of a frailty index based on the accumulation of deficits present in an individual has
been proposed as a way to quantify an individual's health status. This index serves to compare the
number of signs and symptoms which suggest health issues in an individual with the mean number
of deficits present in others of the same chronological age. The present research aims to extend
previous findings on the health status of elderly people by examining the association between the
frailty index and neuropsychological and psychological variables. The datasets from the Canadian
Study of Health and Aging (n=9008, aged 65+ years) is used to identify potential neuropsychological
and psychological variables associated with cognitive decline within a 10 year interval. Categorical,
ordinal and interval variables were recoded into binomial variables, where 0=absence of a deficit,
and 1=presence of the deficit. The results revealed that the cognitive deficit index can accurately
discriminate and predict mortality and dementia within a 5 year interval.
Résumé Les changements des capacités cognitives à travers le temps chez les aînés canadiens
L'utilisation d'un indice de la fragilité été proposée comme un moyen de quantifier l'état de santé
d'un individu. Cet indice permet de comparer le nombre de symptômes qui suggèrent des
problèmes de santé chez un individu avec le nombre moyen de déficits actuels chez d'autres
personnes de même âge chronologique. La présente recherche vise à étendre les constatations
antérieures sur l'état de santé des personnes âgées en examinant l'association entre l'indice de la
fragilité et les variables neuropsychologiques et psychologiques. L’ensemble de données de l'Étude
canadienne sur la santé et le vieillissement (n = 9008, âgée de 65 ans) est utilisé pour identifier des
variables potentiellement neuropsychologiques et psychologiques associées à un déclin cognitif
dans un intervalle de 10 ans. Les variables catégorielles, ordinales et d'intervalle ont été recodées
en variables 0-1 intervalle, où 0 = absence de déficit, et 1 = présence du déficit. Les résultats ont
révélé que l'indice de déficit cognitif peut prédire avec précision la mortalité et la démence dans un
intervalle de 5 ans.
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6
Mammaglobin 1 regulates breast cancer cell malignancy and anticancer drug sensitivity
Nadia Picot
Guerette, Roxann; Beauregard, Annie-Pier; Robichaud, Gilles A..
Abstract - Résumé
Breast cancer metastasis, a complex process enabling tumour cells dissemination, accounts for
more than 90% of breast cancer mortality. The identification of genes involved in breast cancer
metastasis is thus essential to mitigate disease progression. One of these factors, mammaglobin 1
(MGB1), is specifically expressed in mammary epithelial tissues and overexpressed in mammary
cancers. Normally, MGB1 plays an essential role in cellular homeostasis. More recently, studies
show that MGB1 is a useful biomarker for prognostic application and the detection of metastatic
breast cancer. However, no studies reveal the cellular and molecular function of MGB1 in this
disease. We therefore set out to elucidate the role of MGB1 in breast cancer processes. We
developed a breast cancer model with conditioned MBG1 expression to assess molecular and
cellular processes leading to breast cancer cell malignancy. After investigation, we observed that
loss of MGB1 expression led to the reduction of cancer cell growth which was supported by a
suppression of p38, JNK, ERK and NFκB activities. We also found that MGB1 promotes cell
migration through the activities of FAK and matrix metalloproteinases. Interestingly, we also found
that MGB1 confers breast cancer cell sensitivity to apoptosis and to the effect of various anti-cancer
drugs. Our study provides the first molecular elucidation of MGB1 function in breast cancer
processes. In summary, it extends our knowledge on the biology of breast cancer malignancy and
gives us new tools to achieve new therapeutic and diagnostic strategies against this disease.
Le développement de métastase du cancer du sein, un processus complexe qui permet aux cellules
tumorales de se déplacer dans le corps, est la cause d’environ 90% des décès associés au cancer
du sein. L’identification des gènes impliqués dans ce processus est donc essentielle à la
compréhension des mécanismes de cette maladie. Un de ces facteurs, la mammaglobine 1
(MGB1), est exprimé spécifiquement dans les tissus épithéliaux mammaires et surexprimée dans
les cancers du sein. Normalement, MGB1 joue un rôle essentiel dans le maintien de l'homéostasie
cellulaire. Récemment, plusieurs études montrent l’utilité de MGB1 comme biomarqueur pour le
pronostique et la détection du cancer du sein. Cependant, aucune étude ne révèle les mécanismes
cellulaires et moléculaires de MGB1 dans cette maladie. Cette étude vise donc à élucider les rôles
de MGB1 dans le cancer du sein. Un model cellulaire dans lequel l’expression de MGB1 est
conditionnée a été développer afin de déterminer l’influence de cette protéine dans les processus
moléculaire et cellulaire manant au cancer du sein. Les résultats obtenus démontrent qu’une perte
de MGB1 mène à une réduction de la prolifération cellulaire. Ceci est supporté par une suppression
de l’activité de p38, JNK et ERK et de NFκB. MGB1 favorise également la migration cellulaire via
l’activité de FAK et des métalloprotéinases matricielles. De plus, une diminution de MGB1 rend les
cellules cancéreuses résistantes à l’apoptose et aux effets de plusieurs médicaments
anti-cancéreux. Notre étude fournit une première explication moléculaire des fonctions de MGB1
dans les processus du cancer du sein. En résumé, il étend notre connaissance de la biologie du
cancer du sein et nous donne de nouveaux outils pour développer de nouvelles approches
thérapeutiques et diagnostiques.
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7
Aging at home: The voices of rural New Brunswick Seniors / Vieillir chez soi: La voix des aînés du
Nouveau-Brunswick
Lynne Gouliquer
Poulin, Carmen.
Abstract - Résumé
Seniors represent a population that is increasing significantly in size (Statistics Canada, 2007),
which correlates with increases in health care costs (Brinks, 2004). Although most elderly people
prefer to stay in their own homes (Averill, 2003) and it is the most financial cost effective strategy
(Chappell & Penning, 2009), the lack of services often forces them to use more expensive hospital
services (Cloutier-Fisher & Joseph, 2000; Howlett, 2010). The situation with elders living in rural
areas is even more complex. We also know that the proportion of rural seniors is growing faster in
rural areas than in urban centres. Casey, Call, and Klinger (2001) suggest that traditional values
such as self-reliance, preferences for informal support networks, and hesitancy to seek medical care
may lead rural residents to post-phone care services. Adding to this situation, community-based
care has been poorly funded and thought of as a subsidiary area of health and planning (Aronson,
2002). The present study examines how rural NB elders make sense of their daily realities in terms
of wellbeing and received care. To date, 23 interviews were completed. A preliminary analysis
indicates that family networks play a vital role. Specifically, those with children often are able to tap
into an essential, flexible, and unpaid resource. The family network appears to be a fundamental link
to keeping elders out of more costly facilities. The discussion will focus on implications of these
findings for the next ten years as population demographics continue to change.
Les personnes âgées forment une part de plus en plus importante de la population (Satistique
Canada, 2007) et ce changement démographique se traduit par une hausse des coûts des services
de santé (Brinks, 2004). Bien que la majorité des personnes âgées préfèrent demeurent chez elles
(Averill, 2003) et que cette stratégie soit la plus économique (Chappell et Penning, 2009), le
manque de services les contraint souvent à se tourner vers des services hospitaliers coûteux
(Cloutier-Fisher et Joseph, 2000; Howlett, 2010). La situation est encore plus complexe en ce qui a
trait aux aînés qui vivent dans des zones rurales. D’une part, il a été établi que la proportion de
personnes âgées augmente plus rapidement dans les zones rurales que dans les centres urbains.
De l’autre, des études (Casey, Call et Klinger, 2001) ont révélé que les résidents des zones rurales
ont parfois tendance à retarder le moment de faire appel à des services de santé en raison de
certaines valeurs traditionnelles comme le sentiment de ne pas avoir à compter sur autrui, les
préférences pour des réseaux de soutien informels et la réticence à consulter. Qui plus est, les
services de santé communautaires souffrent d’un manque flagrant de financement et sont
considérés comme un secteur subsidiaire de la santé et de la planification (Aronson, 2002). La
présente étude examine la vision que les aînés des zones rurales du Nouveau-Brunswick ont de
leur réalité quotidienne et plus particulièrement de leur bien-être et des soins dispensés. Un total de
23 entrevues ont été menées jusqu’à présent. L’analyse préliminaire montre que les réseaux
familiaux jouent un rôle fondamental, surtout chez les personnes qui ont des enfants et par le fait
même accès à une ressource essentielle, flexible et gratuite. Le réseau familial semble en effet
constituer un lien primordial qui contribue à éviter aux aînés de se retrouver dans des
établissements plus coûteux. La discussion portera principalement sur les conséquences de ces
Page 1/2
constatations pour les dix prochaines années, alors que la composition de la population continue de
changer.
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8
Novel HDAC6 inhibitors as potential anti-cancer therapy
Adrian S. Culf, Ph.D. research scientist
Culf, Adrian.
Abstract - Résumé
HDAC (histone deacetylase isoenzymes) inhibitors can possess three sub-structural motifs: a metal
binding moiety attached to a hydrophobic chain which is capped by an enzyme surface recognition
group. One such inhibitor, SAHA, is marketed as an anti-cancer drug. HDAC isoenzymes have
emerged as a target for cancer therapy. Our goal is isozyme-selective HDAC inhibitors for research
probes and therapy. p-nitrobenzylamine was chosen as an intial cell surface recognition cap which
served as a rigorous test of synthetic strategy robustness for ensuing library synthesis. Its benzylic
methylene linker allowed more conformational freedom for enzyme surface recognition events.
Investigation of HDAC enzyme surface interactions is presently under-represented in the literature
as a mode of binding enhancement. An NIH NCI-60 screen read-out determined that succinic,
glutaric and hexanoylamide derivatives of benzylamine yielded anti-cancer activity thereby setting
the length of the hydrophobic chain. Four-day growth curves of human prostate (DU-145, PC-3,
RWPE-1) and human breast (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MCF-10a) cancer cell lines upon addition of
DMSO solutions of this library using the MTT assay are reported along with selected IC50 values
against recombinant human HDACs. The glutaric acid series (six compounds) showed excellent
anti-proliferative activity as hydroxamic acids. Within the series, the parent, 2-fluoro,
1,3-benzodioxole and naphthyl derivatives afforded the highest potency.
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9
The effect of DCA and allopurinol on breast cancer cell viability
Amy Brown
Lefort, Natalie; Brown, Amy; Lloyd, Vett; Touaibia, Mohamed; Culf, Adrian; Cuperlovic-Culf, Mira.
Abstract - Résumé
Cancer cell metabolism is different from that of normal cells, which can provide targets for
chemotherapies. In this project, we treated breast cancer cell lines with two non-proprietary
metabolic modulators, dichloroacetate (DCA) and allopurinol. DCA, a pyruvate dehydrogenase
kinase inhibitor, and allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase/dehydrogenase inhibitor, have been used singly
as chemotherapeutics. However, the combination of the two drugs might prove to be more effective
at lower doses, thus reducing side effects. This research assessed the effects of these drugs, singly
and in combination, in a Drosophila cancer model and on the viability and apoptosis of MDA-MB-231
and MCF-7 breast cancer cells and MCF-10A, a normal cell line. Preliminary results show that the
effects of combined drug treatment are concentration and cell type specific. In general, allopurinol
has limited effect on cell viability but when combined with DCA, show enhanced viability. This
suggests a more complex relationship between DCA and allopurinol metabolism than anticipated.
To determine if the effect of these drugs is through modulation of PDK and XDH activity directly, or
is a secondary effect, we are initiating siRNA knockdowns of these enzymes and assessing the
effect on cell viability and metabolite profiles. The difference between individual and combined
treatments provides information about the interaction of mitochondria and peroxisome functions and
will provide further insight into how the mitochondria of cells, cancerous and noncancerous, respond
to these drugs. This project was funded by a CBCF Atlantic Region Studentship Award,
administered by the Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute to A.B.
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10
Social context and mental health in homeless people in N.-B.
Sarah Pakzad/Paul Bourque
Pakzad, Sarah; Jbilou, Jalila; Ringette, Julie; Bergheul, Said; Bourque, Paul; El-Adlouni,
Salah-Eddine; Lévesque, Lucie.
Abstract - Résumé
Homelessness has become a real public health problem, due to the growing prevalence of
psychiatric comorbidity and subsequent mortality. Marginalization of the homeless outside the major
centers hinders the development of appropriate social and health related policies. Isolated or rural
areas are rarely investigated and represent a population for which little information is available about
the existence and use of psychological services offered, making interventions incomparable with
those of major cities in respect to their usefulness and effectiveness. Using data from the national
project At Home / Chez Soi, we will examine the symptomatology, frequency, intensity and duration
of the most common physiological or psychological diagnostics for the Greater Moncton Area site.
The main purpose of the study is to build a population profile of homeless and identify challenges of
accessibility of mental health services for rural communities of southeastern New Brunswick. The
results show that more than 76% of the homeless of southeastern in New Brunswick suffer from
mental illness and/or from a form of addiction.
Le contexte social et la santé mentale des itinérants au Nouveau-Brunswick L’itinérance est
devenue un problème de santé publique, dû à la prévalence grandissante de troubles
psychiatriques et de comorbidité élevée augmentant de façon subséquente le taux de mortalité chez
cette population à risque. La marginalisation des sans-abri à l’extérieur des grands centres entrave
le développement de politiques sociales appropriées à cette cohorte. Utilisant des données du
projet At Home/Chez soi, nous examinons la symptomatologie, la fréquence, l’intensité et la durée
des diagnostics de maladies physiologiques ou psychologiques les plus communes,ainsi que leur
historique de traitement. Le but principal objectif de l’étude est de documenter l’accessibilité de
services en santé mentale pour les communautés rurales du Sud-Est du Nouveau-Brunswick. Les
résultats démontrent que plus de 76% des sans-abris du Sud-Est du Nouveau-Brunswick souffrent
des troubles mentaux et/ou d'une forme d'addiction.
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11
Enhancing Electromyography Based Locomotion Mode Classification When Using Powered Lower
Limb Prostheses
Roua Razak
Razak, Roua.
Abstract - Résumé
The recent introduction of powered leg prostheses enables users to perform many more tasks than
passive legs, such as ascending/descending stairs and ramps with greater ease, and standing from
a sitting position. With this increased function comes a need for improved control that may be
obtained from neural information recorded as the surface electromyographic (EMG) signal. The
EMG signal has been shown to be a promising source of autonomous information to characterize
the instantaneous mode of locomotion (level walking, ramp ascent/decent, stairs ascent/decent).The
greatest challenge in applying EMG to the control of leg prostheses is EMG distortion that is
generated due to the fact that leg prostheses must bear the weight of the user. This introduces
considerable force/pressure against the socket and motion/compression of the muscle, and may
cause an incorrect interpretation of the locomotion mode.This is a significant barrier to the clinical
application of EMG pattern classification for neural control of artificial legs, as incorrect classification
may cause the user to fall and suffer serious injuries. Therefore, the focus of this research is to
investigate and improve the robustness of EMG signal. An EMG distortion detector and filter is
proposed that detects distortion by the fact that normally occurring EMG has a normal amplitude
distribution and that distortion manifests itself as extremes or outliers of this distribution. The
proposed algorithm was able to remove high amplitudes distortion from EMG signal and it has
resulted in 10% locomotion mode classification improvement.
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12
Newcomers' Experience of Workplace Bullying
Serena Jones Charbachi
Jones Charbachi, MN Student, Serena.
Abstract - Résumé
Workplace bullying is unwanted, unwelcome abuse of any power that has the effect or intent to
intimidate, control, or strip targets of their rights at work (Carbo & Hughes, 2010). Workplace bullying
is a common form of workplace violence around the world (Einarsen, Hoel, & Notelaers, 2009)
affecting 3-38.5% of working populations (Hogh, Carneiro, Giver, & Rugulies, 2011). Effects of
workplace bullying are extensive and result in negative outcomes for individuals targeted,
organizations, and society (Carbo & Hughes, 2010). Newcomers are at increased risk of
experiencing workplace bullying (Allan, Cowie, & Smith, 2010; Hogh et al., 2011). Newcomers are
already vulnerable with regard to access to health services (Derose, Escarce, & Lurie, 2007), and
finding adequate employment (Smith, Chen, & Mustard, 2009), and workplace bullying may increase
their vulnerability. I used grounded theory to study experiences of workplace bullying within this
population. I invited newcomers to share their stories of workplace bullying to participate in
audio-recorded interviews to explore those experiences health, and workforce participation. I
assured newcomers who consented of their confidentiality. I used grounded theory practices of
simultaneous data collection and analysis, theoretical sampling, and memoing. I interviewed 8
newcomers and am currently completing analysis. My poster shows preliminary findings of how
experiences of workplace bullying among newcomers affect health and work. These findings
contribute to understanding this problem a new perspective and will help prevent and address
workplace bullying to improve working environments.
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13
Workplace bullying affects men’s sense of self
Judith MacIntosh
MacIntosh, Judith; Wuest, Judith; Bulman, Donna .
Abstract - Résumé
Workplace bullying is a prevalent and destructive type of abuse that consists of offensive or
unwanted psychological, physical, or sexual behaviours that humiliate or intimidate another at work.
Our past research showed that workplace bullying influenced women’s health promotion, meaning of
work, and workforce engagement. The current grounded theory study was designed to generate a
substantive theory explaining how men take care of their health and engage in the workforce
following workplace bullying and to learn how diversity influences men’s work and their health
promotion processes, resources, and experiences. This area had previously been little explored.
During 2011-2012, we interviewed 36 NB men aged 30 to 81 from across the province. They worked
in professional and non-professional roles, unionized and non-unionized workplaces, in urban and
rural locations, and in large and very small workplaces. Their education levels varied from no high
school to graduate education. From our preliminary analysis, we indicate the central problem for
men experiencing workplace bullying and the emerging process that illustrates how they address it.
We have learned how men manage workplace bullying and that most men seek help to do so, with
varying measures of effectiveness. There are implications for men’s health and work, for creating
respectful workplaces, and for those working with men experiencing workplace bullying.
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14
The Intervention for Health Enhancement after Leaving (iHEAL) an Abusive Partner: Findings of a
Feasibility and Efficacy Study
Judith Wuest
Wuest, Judith; Merritt-Gray, Marilyn; Dube, Norma; Hodgins, Marilyn; Majerovich, Jo Ann;
Ford-Gilboe, Marilyn; Varcoe, Colleen.
Abstract - Résumé
The Intervention for Health Enhancement After Leaving (iHEAL) is a 6-month primary healthcare
intervention designed to address the health consequences of intimate partner violence (IPV) in
women who have left abusive partners. In this poster, we will report the findings of a mixed-method
study to examine the feasibility and efficacy of the iHEAL delivered collaboratively by nurses and
domestic violence outreach workers in four New Brunswick communities (Frederiction, Miramichi,
Saint John, and Sussex). We recruited 52 women, separated from abusive partners no longer than
3 years; 44 completed the iHEAL. Based on preliminary analysis of pre- and post-intervention
measures of health, quality of life, and capacity (n=40), significant post-intervention (6 & 12 months)
improvements were observed in scores on quality of life, mental health, and mastery, but not on
physical health or social support. Scores on symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and
depression were significantly reduced; those on chronic pain, social conflict, and financial strain
were not. Data collection will be completed in early October. We will report the pre-post findings, as
well as descriptive information regarding the feasibility of the intervention based on chart review and
qualitative interviews with interventionists and participants. This exploratory study illuminates how
health in women with IPV histories may be enhanced through innovative community-based
intersectoral approaches to healthcare delivery. Our partnership of academic researchers, Liberty
Lane Inc., NB Women’s Issues Branch, and NB Department of Health facilitates integrated
knowledge transfer in this research study funded by CIHR and NBHRF in the PHSI program
(2009-2012).
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15
PF-8380 and closely related analogues synthesis, structure-activity relationship towards autotaxin
inhibition and glioma cell viability
Patrick-Denis St-Coeur
St-Coeur, Patrick-Denis; Ferguson, Dean; Touaibia, Mohamed; Morin, Pier Jr.
Abstract - Résumé
Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted protein with a lysophopholipase D activity that converts
lysophosphatidyl choline (LPC) into lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). ATX levels have been shown to
correlate with tumour stage and grade in several human malignancies. ATX is also known to be
highly expressed in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), an aggressive type of brain tumours for which
current therapeutic approaches are limited. Our project aims at measuring ATX levels in a panel of
GBM cell lines and at assessing the impact of ATX inhibition on selected cellular phenotypes with
inhibitors developed in-house. ATX mRNA and protein levels were assessed by RT-PCR and
Western Blot, respectively, in a series of GBM cell lines. A series of PF-8380
(6-(3-(piperazin-1-yl)propanoyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2(3H)-one) analogues, a recently developed
autotaxin inhibitor, was explored. Inhibition of autotaxin by these analogues, as well as by all
PF-8380 synthetic intermediates, shows the importance of meta-dichlorobenzyl and
benzo[d]oxazol-2 (3H)-one fragments. Interestingly, two analogues, bearing only the
benzo[d]oxazol-2 (3H)-one moiety, are more cytotoxic on LN229 glioblastoma cell line than PF-8380
and temozolomide. Findings stemming from this study will further position ATX as a potential
therapeutic target for brain tumours and the series of inhibitors developed will serve as important
tools in the generation of an ATX-based treatment for GBMs.
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16
Returning to work after depression: Implications for women's health
Heather MacDonald
MacDonald, Heather; MacIntosh, Judith; Lafrance, Michelle; Dube, Norma; Hilchey, Melissa.
Abstract - Résumé
Depression is an urgent and complex occupational health issue. Seventy percent of the 1 million
Canadians who experienced a major depressive episode in 2006 were employed at the time
(Statistics Canada, 2006). Depression affects the workforce by impacting work loss and decreasing
productivity (Dewa et al., 2003; Dewa et al., 2011). In Canada, 62% of women are employed, with
women comprising almost half of the overall workforce. For women who wish to work outside the
home, being unable to has a negative impact on their health and well-being. Additionally,
interruption in women’s ability to work has major implications for the viability of the provincial and
national economies. Many women are forced to leave the workplace because of health problems
and among these, depression figures most prominently. In this pilot project 20 New Brunswick
women have participated in in-depth interviews. Using grounded theory methodology the data is
being analysed and already a number of core concepts have emerged. For example, the women
have spoken of their role in acting. These beginning concepts are being reviewed to identify key
processes and these early findings are being used to guide a larger study.
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17
What do we know about the Patients who are Alternate Level of Care in Horizon Health Network
Pamela Jarrett
Jarrett, Pamela ; McCloskey, Rose; Stewart , Connie; Oakley, Heather .
Abstract - Résumé
Introduction: The Canadian Institute of Health Information (CIHI) designates patients who remain
in hospital after their acute care phase is completed as Alternate Level of Care (ALC) patients
(1,2,3). A better understanding of the ALC population who remain in hospital is needed.(4).
Methods: All ALC patients occupying hospital beds within Horizon Health Network (HHN) as of Feb
9, 2012 were identified. A data collection tool, designed for the study, was used. Patient disposition
was obtained 6 months after the initial data collection.
Results: There were 403 ALC patients
identified, occupying 25.2% of all hospital beds within HHN. A random sample of patients from 7
hospitals was taken and this formed the stratified random sample of 223. The mean age of the
stratified sample was 73.8 years (SE 0.51). Prior to admission, 23.6% were living in a care
institution in the community. Dementia was a diagnosis in 53.0%. The overall median length of
stay (LOS) was 141.7 days but varied from 92 to 230 days between hospitals. After 6 months,
36.3% were still in hospital, 13.9% had died and 29.1% were discharged to nursing home.
Conclusions: The majority of the ALC patients are elderly with dementia. The length of stay in
hospital for those waiting to go to nursing home is long. Even after 6 months, more then one third of
the patients remain in hospital. There is variation between hospitals within HHN with respect to
length of stay for ALC patients.
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18
Quantification of the effect of path radius on temporo-spatial gait parameters in healthy walkers
Robert Smith, MEng
Smith, Robert; McGibbon, Chris.
Abstract - Résumé
Gait disorders are often diagnosed by measuring parameters of gait while walking in a straight line.
However, functional gait is rarely a “straight line” activity. It is also known that asymmetry of gait
naturally increases when the gait path is curved. Unfortunately, published literature on gait
parameter analysis is limited to straight line walking, and therefore not useful for studying gait in a
functional context. New floor sensing technologies, such as the StepScan^TM (Vitrak Inc.
Charlottetown, PE), can enable gait to be studied for the first time in realistic environments, but new
algorithms are required to account for the non-pathologic asymmetries that occur. This project
addresses this gap in knowledge, and will contribute to the development of the StepScan^TM
system through an NSERC Engage funded grant with Vitrak Inc. Algorithms were developed to
analyze gait that do not assume the walking path is a straight line. Motion analysis data were
acquired for 15 healthy young adults walking at three different speeds and nine different walking
paths of known curvature. Statistical analysis techniques are used model the change in gait
parameters during curved-path walking at various speeds. Results so far suggest a strong
relationship between path radius and step length, step width, toe angle, swing/stance ratio, and
double support time. As the path radius decreases, the effect becomes more pronounced, but is
more difficult to predict reliably. Future studies aim to extract an unknown path radius from motion
data, allowing for the concatenation of gait measurements measured along an arbitrary path.
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19
Abuse as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease: Modeling the Effects of Lifetime Abuse on CVD
Risk as Mediated through CVD Risk Behaviours and Changes in Depressive Symptomatology
Among Women
Kelly Scott-Storey
.
Abstract - Résumé
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most serious health challenges facing women today.
Investigations into CVD risk factors specific to women have focused primarily on sex-based
differences with little attention paid to gender-based differences. Abuse, such as child abuse,
intimate partner violence, and sexual assault, is a serious gendered issue affecting a third to half of
all women in their lifetimes. Despite beginning evidence that abuse is associated with CVD, the
biological, behavioural and psychological pathways by which abuse increases the risk for CVD has
received little attention from researchers and clinicians. Using longitudinal data from the Women’s
Health Effects Study (2004-2010), structural equation modeling was used to test the effects of
lifetime abuse on CVD risk as mediated through CVD risk behaviors of smoking and over-eating as
well as changes in depressive symptomatology among 227 women who had left an abusive
relationship. Preliminary findings suggest that depressive symptoms are an important mediator
between abuse and CVD risk. Furthermore, women experiencing the highest levels of depressive
symptoms after leaving continue to struggle with symptoms years later and are at greatest risk for
CVD. Findings suggest that multimodal, interdisciplinary interventions which concurrently address
abuse history, depressive symptoms, and CVD risk behaviors need to be integrated into the care of
women. Additionally, through the novel use of a phantom variable, this study also contributes to the
evolving methodology used in studying the concept of cumulative abuse and highlights the
importance of lifetime abuse in understanding current health outcomes.
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Identifying the target of a small molecule that induce cell death in renal cancer cells with a loss of
von Hippel-Lindau
Kevin Cormier
Cormier, Kevin; Turcotte, Sandra.
Abstract - Résumé
Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 80% of kidney cancers, which are highly vascular tumors
resistant to most cytotoxic therapies. A mutation or inactivation of the Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene
is found in up to 85% RCC. A small molecule, STF-62247, has been shown to target these renal
VHL-inactivated cancerous cells while having little effects on cells expressing a normal VHL gene
expression. While we know that STF-62247 cytotoxicity is accompanied by a chronic induction of
autophagy, we still don’t know the direct target of this small molecule. To address this question, we
take advantage of the recent development in drug target identification method. We use a method
called target identification using drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS), where a protein is
less susceptible to proteolysis when it is drug-bound than when it is drug-free. Consequently, we
incubated the protein lysates from the RCC4 cancerous cell line with the STF-62247. Afterwards, we
digested the proteins with a protease, hoping that the protein-molecule complex will resist the
protease degradation. This degraded sample can then be separated on a SDS-PAGE gel. This
method coupled with mass-spectroscopy will reveal possible targets of the molecule for further
analysis. Here, we show our findings of possible protein targets of the STF-62247 in the RCC cell
line.
Le carcinome de cellules rénales (RCC) correspond à 80% des cancers du rein. Ce sont des
tumeurs hautement vascularisées et résistances à la majorité des thérapies cytotoxiques. Jusqu’à
85% de ces RCC ont une mutation ou une répression du gène Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL). Une petite
molécule, le STF-62247 est capable de cibler les cellules cancéreuses RCC déficientes d’un gène
VHL fonctionnel, tout en ayant peu d’effet sur les cellules ayant une expression normale de ce gène.
Même s’il est connu que le STF-62247 cause une toxicité accompagnée d’une induction de
l’autophagie, nous ne connaissons toujours pas la cible directe de cette molécule. Pour attaquer
cette question, nous avons profité d’un nouveau développement dans les méthodes d’identification
des cibles de drogues. Nous avons utilisé une méthode qui utilise le principe de la stabilité du
complexe entre une molécule et sa protéine ciblée pour déterminer l’identité de cette dernière. En
effet, un complexe d’une protéine avec une petite molécule a une différente résistance à une
dégradation enzymatique qu’une protéine non complexée. Conséquemment, nous avons incubé un
lysat d’une lignée de cellules cancéreuses RCC4 avec le STF-62247. Par la suite, nous avons
dégradé les protéines avec une protéase, en espérant que le complexe de protéine-molécule résiste
à la dégradation. Cet échantillon dégradé est ensuite soumis à une séparation par SDS-PAGE.
Cette méthode, couplée avec de la spectroscopie de masse peut facilement révéler de nouvelles
cibles potentielles de cette petite molécule. Ici, nous démontrons des cibles potentielles du
STF-62247 dans les lignées cellulaires RCC4.
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21
Automating the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG test) with wearable sensors
James Beyea
McGibbon, Christopher.
Abstract - Résumé
The Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG) is a widely used test for evaluating mobility and falling risk in patient
populations who are at elevated risk of falling. The test is simple to conduct: the patient starts from a
seated position, rises, walks 3m, turns and walks back to the chair and sits, while an observer times
the test with a stop watch. However, the current clinical version of this test (with a stop watch) is
not able to document the time required to perform the various “phases” that make up the TUG
activity. Different patient populations are likely to performance differently during these phases. As
such the observer-based TUG test is neglecting a lot of potential information that could inform
clinicians. The objective of this research is to examine the validity of using wearable sensor data to
quantify duration of the various phases of the TUG. The hypothesis tested by the experiment is a
fiber optic goniometer mounted on a subject’s knee can accurately and reliably identify the
transitions at the end of chair rise and walking portions of the TUG and that the accelerometer on
the subject’s chest can accurately and reliably detect motion onset and termination at all stages of
the TUG. There will be benefits for researchers and clinicians in terms of better observation and
therefore control of pathology for doctors and patients once the reliability of each phase of the TUG
has been evaluated with respect to detection and measurement of the affects of pathology.
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22
The Role of Critical Arginine Residues in hnRNP A1 Cytoplasmic Activity
Michael Wall
Wall, Michael; Lewis , Stephen.
Abstract - Résumé
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) is an RNA binding protein involved in
several cellular processes including alternative splicing, mRNA transport, cap-independent
translation, and mRNA decay. Overexpression of hnRNP A1 is associated with several forms of
cancer, including cervical and colorectal cancer as well as refractory acute leukemia. While the
nuclear functions of hnRNP A1 are well characterized, relatively little is known about hnRNP A1
cytoplasmic activity or its regulation. One possible avenue for regulating hnRNP A1 cytoplasmic
activity that has remained largely unexplored is arginine methylation. hnRNP A1 is methylated by
protein arginine N-methyltransferases (PRMTs) on up to six arginine residues located in its
glycine-rich domain. This domain plays an important role in both RNA-binding and protein-protein
interactions, though the exact nature of these interactions in the cytoplasm is unknown. Our
research is currently exploring the in vivo role of arginine methylation on hnRNP A1 function using
methylarginine-deficient hnRNP A1 mutants. We show that substitution of arginine with alanine in
the glycine-rich domain results in decreased in vivo association of recombinant hnRNP A1 with total
mRNA and specific target mRNAs. In addition, in vivo translation assays demonstrate that, unlike
wild-type hnRNP A1, the hnRNP A1 arginine-to-alanine mutant lacks internal ribosome entry site
(IRES) trans-acting factor (ITAF) activity. This suggests that hnRNP A1 mRNA binding and ITAF
activity is dependent on arginines (and potentially their methylation) located within its glycine-rich
domain. Future experiments will continue to reveal the role of arginine methylation in hnRNP A1
ITAF activity and cytoplasmic function.
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23
Synthesis and Anti-cancer Properties of a Novel Family of Platinum Complexes
Alyssa E. Patterson
Patterson, Alyssa; Miles, Brittany; Miller, Jessica; Vogels, Christopher; Decken, Andreas; Morin Jr. ,
Pier.
Abstract - Résumé
Cisplatin, cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2], and related platinum-based complexes are currently used as
anti-cancer agents against testicular and ovarian malignancies [1]. The primary mechanism of
action in these platinum drugs is believed to arise from the metal’s interaction with DNA, where the
platinum is believed to bind preferentially with the N-7 positions of the purine bases. There are
severe limitations to platinum therapy, however, such as neural and kidney toxicity as well as
intrinsic and acquired resistance of tumor cells to the drugs. Although a considerable amount of
research has focussed on the development of anti-cancer drugs based on platinum, all have been
based on the same family of compounds and, as such, all suffer from the same limitations. In this
paper, we report our initial efforts in designing a new family of lipophilic platinum complexes derived
from readily prepared Schiff base ligands. All new compounds have been characterized fully and
examined for their potential anti-cancer properties in cellular models of glioblastoma multiforme, the
results of which are presented within. [1]Di Pasqua, A. J.; Goodisman, J.; Dabrowiak, J. C. Inorg.
Chim. Acta 2012, 389, 29.
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24
A participant profile at intake into the Healthy Eating, Active Living for Tomorrow’s Health (HEALTH)
Study for management of adult obesity
Kate Morrison (health professional)
Morrison (health professional), Kate; Miedema, Baukje (Bo); Reading, Stacey; Hamilton, Ryan;
Easley, Julie.
Abstract - Résumé
The HEALTH Study is a multi-disciplinary, multi-site, six month intervention designed to assist obese
adults in the management of their condition. The intervention is delivered in an urban and rural
community using existing infrastructure and consists of one hour physical activity three times per
week and one nutritional education seminar once every second week for 27 weeks. The urban site
also receives one behaviour modification seminar bi-weekly. Participants: Thirty-five rural and 43
urban participants with a BMI between 30 and 40 enrolled in the study. Results: Far more women
enrolled than men (86%/14%) in both sites. The mean age (50 years) and the mean BMI (37) of the
participants is similar. However, more rural participants have children (89%/74%), less
post-secondary education (57%/91%) and lower incomes (> $ 80,000-20%/37%). More rural
participants have been diagnosed with hypertension (51%/35%), lung disease (17%/5%) and high
cholesterol (34%/23%). Rural participants, on average, also have slightly poorer lipid profiles and
fasting blood sugars. Overall, when assessing nutrition behavior and knowledge, the urban
participants have healthier eating habits. Conclusion: Although participants were selected based on
having a BMI between 30 and 40, there are marked social and physical differences between the two
groups. The rural participants have a lower social economic status and higher levels of chronic
disease, poorer lipid profiles, higher blood sugars, and poorer eating habits. In summary, there are
differences between the rural and urban participants despite the fact that the recruitment strategy
was identical in both of the communities.
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25
Efficacy of a calculated theophylline loading dose to augment ECT: A retrospective study.
Efficacité d’une dose de charge calculée de théophylline pour optimiser la sismothérapie : Une
Michael Kemp (Health Professional)
Kemp, Michael; Pâquet, Myriam; Allard, Jacques; Marcotte, Patrick.
Abstract - Résumé
BACKGROUND: Ineffective seizures during electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) can delay response,
prolong hospitalizations, and increase healthcare costs. Methylxanthine derivatives (caffeine,
theophylline, aminophylline) can be used as adjuvants to increase seizure duration; however, only
one small study has been published using theophylline. OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy
of a calculated theophylline loading dose (resulting in a 10-15 mg/L plasma level) to augment ECT
when administered 1.5 hours prior to the ECT. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study
using inpatient hospital records between January 2007 and June 2012 at the Dr.
Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Centre. Patients receiving ECT and a calculated oral liquid
theophylline dose were selected. Data variables collected include: age, sex, height, weight, ECT
parameters for each ECT during the series (electrode placement, charge delivered, static and
dynamic impedance, average seizure energy index, EEG endpoint, max sustained coherence,
post-ictal suppression index) and medications (name, dose, start date, modifications). Records
were also examined for any treatment related side-effects. RESUTLS: We identified 46 cases and
analyzed 16 which had no treatment modifications except the addition of theophylline. The mean
difference for the EEG endpoint was 164.9 % longer (23.5 seconds) with theophylline (p=0.023). No
theophylline-related adverse events were documented. CONCLUSIONS: A calculated theophylline
loading dose prior to ECT appears to be well tolerated and is effective in prolonging seizure
duration. Its effect on the other efficacy variables (coherence; post-ictal suppression) and
dose-response should be further explored as the data for these variables were not available for a
sufficient number of cases.
CONTEXTE: Les convulsions inefficaces pendant la sismothérapie (ECT) peuvent retarder la
réponse, prolonger les hospitalisations, et augmenter des coûts des soins de santé. Les dérivés de
méthylxanthine (caféine, théophylline, aminophylline) peuvent être utilisés comme adjuvants pour
augmenter la durée des convulsions, par contre seulement une petite étude a été publiée en
utilisant la théophylline. OBJECTIF: Déterminer l'efficacité d’une dose de charge calculée de
théophylline (concentration plasmatique de 10-15 mg/L administrée 1.5h avant l’ECT par voie orale)
pour optimiser la convulsion lors de l’ECT. MÉTHODES: Nous avons effectué une étude
rétrospective utilisant les dossiers des patients hospitalisés entre janvier 2007 et juin 2012 au
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dr-Georges-L.-Dumont. Les patients recevant des ECT et une dose
calculée de théophylline liquide ont été sélectionnés. Les données recueillies pour chaque ECT reçu
au cours d’une série comprennent: l'âge, le sexe, la taille, le poids, les paramètres d’ECT (le
placement des électrodes, la charge reçue, impédance statique et dynamique, l'indice d’énergie
moyenne de la convulsion, point de terminaison d’EEG, la cohérence maximale soutenue, l'indice
de la suppression post-ictal) et les médicaments (nom, dose, date de début, et modifications). Les
dossiers ont été également examinés pour des effets secondaires liés à la théophylline.
RÉSULTATS: Nous avons identifié 46 cas et analysé 16 qui n'avait pas de modifications de
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traitement, sauf l'ajout de la théophylline. La différence moyenne pour le point de terminaison d’EEG
était 164.9% (23.5 secondes) plus longue avec la théophylline (p = 0.023). Aucun effet secondaire
lié à la théophylline n’a été documenté. CONCLUSIONS: Une dose de charge calculée de
théophylline administrée avant l’ECT semble être bien tolérée et est efficace pour prolonger la durée
des convulsions. Son effet sur les autres variables d'efficacité (cohérence, l'indice de la suppression
post-ictal) et en fonction du dosage devrait être étudié davantage, car les données pour ces
variables n'étaient pas disponibles pour suffisamment de cas.
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Picture it! Capturing the Complexity of Second Cancer Risk through Photographs Taken by Cancer
Survivors
Krista Wilkins
Wilkins, Krista.
Abstract - Résumé
Background: Studies consistently show that cancer survivors are at greater risk of developing a
second cancer compared to the general population. Cancer survivors often feel they must take
personal responsibility for modifying their second cancer risk. Few studies have examined the
societal factors that contribute to cancer survivors’ decisions about modifying their second cancer
risk. Purpose: A photo-elicitation study was conducted to more fully describe the context in which
cancer survivors construct and respond to their second cancer risk. Methods: Participants captured
photographic images that represented second cancer risk and discussed these images in a
semi-structured interview. A thematic analysis was used in interpreting the study data. Sample:
Seven cancer survivors (2 men, 5 women) participated in the study. Participants had a mean age of
50 years and were 2-17 years post a diagnosis of melanoma, throat cancer, breast cancer, and
lymphoma. Results: Three themes emerged from the study data include: (1) the angles of cancer
risk, (2) contextual frames of cancer risk, and (3) bringing cancer risk into focus. Taking photographs
allowed participants to physically interact with their community and reflect on objects they
sometimes ignored in considering their second cancer risk. Conclusion: Photographs offer relevant
cues to identify new second cancer risk factors and point to social processes that might influence
second cancer risk among cancer survivors. Photography has the potential to become a new mode
for communicating complex population health concepts through the lenses of cancer survivors.
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Le rôle des récepteurs nicotiniques de l’acétylcholine dans la production et la différenciation des
monocytes
Stéphanie St-Pierre
St-Pierre, Stéphanie ; Beaulieu, Anick ; Simard, Alain.
Abstract - Résumé
Il a été démontré que le système cholinergique, par l’entremise des récepteurs nicotiniques de
l’acétylcholine (nAChR), est impliqué dans la régulation de réactions inflammatoires. Des 11
sous-unités de nAChR identifiés, nous savons seulement que la sous-unité α7 est impliquée dans
les effets anti-inflammatoires de la nicotine. Par ailleurs, l’effet de la nicotine sur la différenciation
des monocytes reste à être élucidé. L’expression des nAChR par des cellules de moelle osseuse de
souris a donc été vérifiée par RT-PCR et nous avons trouvé que ces cellules expriment les
sous-unités α6, α7 et α9. Par la suite, des essais de cytométrie en flux ont permis d’étudier l’effet de
la nicotine sur la différenciation de monocytes induite par le ‘macrophage colony stimulating factor’
(M-CSF) et l’interféron-gamma (IFNγ). Nos résultats montrent que le M-CSF + IFNγ augmente le
nombre de monocytes présents dans la moelle osseuse, un effet qui est contré par la nicotine. Pour
ce qui en est des marqueurs de surface, nous avons remarqué que l’expression de CD80, CD86 et
MHC-II est augmentée lors de la stimulation par M-CSF + IFNγ. Cependant, l’ajout de nicotine
inhibe l’augmentation de MHC-II et de CD80. Pour conclure, les cellules immunitaires expriment
plusieurs sous-unités des nAChR et la nicotine semble inhiber la prolifération et la différentiation des
monocytes pro-inflammatoires. Il nous reste à déterminer le(s)quel(s) des nAChRs exprimés par les
monocytes sont impliqués dans ces effets de la nicotine. Les molécules agissant sur les nAChR
pourraient donc être utiles pour le traitement des maladies inflammatoires.
It has recently been discovered that the cholinergic system can regulate inflammation via nicotinic
acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) expressed by immune cells. Of the 11 known nAChR subunits,
only the role of α7 nAChRs in immune regulation has been elucidated to date. Furthermore, the
mechanisms by which nicotine exerts anti-inflammatory effects are not clear. The purpose of this
study was therefore to determine if nicotine can regulate the differentiation of bone marrow cells into
monocytes. First, we assessed whether bone marrow cells expressed nAChRs by RT-PCR, and
found that these cells express nAChR α6, α7 and α9 mRNAs. We next studied the effects of nicotine
on monocyte colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and interferon-gamma (IFNγ)-induced monocyte
production in the bone marrow by flow cytometry. We found that M-CSF + IFNγ treatment increased
monocyte production, and that nicotine prevented this effect. Additionally, we found that nicotine
inhibited the increase of the monocyte cell surface markers CD80 and MHC-II, but not CD86. We
therefore conclude bone marrow cells express multiple nAChRs and that nicotine inhibits bone
marrow-derived monocyte production, and their differentiation into pro-inflammatory monocytes. We
next need to determine which of the nAChRs expressed on monocytes are involved in these
nicotinic effects. nAChR subtype-selective molecules could thus potentially be used to treat
inflammatory diseases.
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28
Socio-demographic, Clinical and Health System Factors Associated with Non-Attendance at
Diabetes Clinic Appointments
Pat Charlton
Charlton, Pat; McGibbon, Dr. Chris.
Abstract - Résumé
PURPOSE: Education is fundamental for diabetes patients to instill the knowledge, skills and
confidence needed to manage their disease. Many patients miss scheduled appointments which
increases their risk for serious complications. Understanding the reasons for missed appointments
is important to inform strategies to improve attendance and outcomes. OBJECTIVES: To identify
demographic, clinical and health system predictors of non-attendance at clinic appointments.
METHODS: Type 2 diabetes patients were recruited from three clinics in PEI. Data was obtained
from surveys and administrative databases. T-tests, ANOVA, and bivariate correlations were used
to assess relationships. RESULTS: Mean HbA1c (n=144) was 8.29% (moderate control) and
mean BMI was 33.7 (Obese). 46% had ‘limited’ (21%) or ‘possible limited’ health literacy (25%).
Participants attended 94% of their appointments. Attendance was significantly related to distance
to the clinic (p=.019). Living less than 10 miles (96%) and 10-20 miles (85%) (p=.015). Significant
associations were found between A1C score and employment status (p=.002), hours worked (.000)
and age (p=.005). CONCLUSIONS: 46% had inadequate or possible inadequate health literacy
and those living closer to the clinic had better attendance. Participants employed full or part-time
had higher mean A1C (8.85%) than those retired or not working (7.58%), a difference of 1.27%.
This is significant given every 1% reduction in A1C is associated with a 37% decline in risk of
micro-vascular complications and 14% lower rate of myocardial infarction.
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29
A Novel Device for Autonomous Limb Strength Measurement
John Landry
Landry, John; Sexton, Andrew; Hughes, Glen; McGibbon, Chris.
Abstract - Résumé
Muscle strength measurement is a critical component of physical therapy and rehabilitation and
sport science in general. Rehabilitation outcomes for many diseases, disorders and injuries, ranging
from stroke to athletic injuries requires assessment of muscle strength in a clinical environment.
Research in rehabilitation and sport science often use muscle strength as a primary outcome, and
requires measurement of “maximal voluntary isometric contraction” to normalize muscle
electromyography assessments. There are currently two choices for obtaining quantitative
measurement of muscle strength. Isokinetic dynamometry systems can accurately and reliably
measure both isokinetic and isometric muscle strength, but very few clinical facilities have access to
such equipment due to its cost of purchase and maintenance as well as its space requirements.
Hand-held dynamometry systems are considerably cheaper and require far less resources to
maintain, but testing of major joints is difficult to perform, mostly in terms of the tester stabilizing
themselves against the patient’s ability to generate force. As such it requires training and
experience, and is most often used clinically. Currently there is no strength measurement device
available that is inexpensive and portable, and that requires no external support from the therapist
or other supporting structure. This paper presents an innovative and novel concept for obtaining
measurement of elbow and knee joint strength using a wearable system of sensors and mechanical
constraints. The system is easily donned and doffed from the arm or leg, and can measure
isometric (fixed angle) strength of both flexor and extensor muscles of the joint.
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30
Benefits of Self-Management in Adolescents with Juvenile Arthritis
Melissa Trites
Trites, Melissa; McGibbon, Chris.
Abstract - Résumé
Juvenile Arthritis (JA) is unpredictable by nature and can affect every aspect of a child’s life. For
those who are newly diagnosed or uneducated about their condition, having a chronic illness can be
extremely overwhelming. Therefore, the need is high to create and implement an education program
containing JA Self-Management strategies so that children and their families can acquire the skills
and confidence needed to manage their disease. The physiological impact of these programs is still
largely unknown, but the positive impacts of disease management are promising and can help
individuals with JIA maximize their quality of life. These benefits include: reduced pain, increased
self-efficacy, improved functional health, greater confidence and participation in managing the
disease, increased knowledge of the disease, and increased coping skills. Self-management in
adolescents is a relatively new topic. Little research has been done in this area thus far. A JA
Self-Management Education Manual has been developed for participants to work through. This
manual will provide participants with numerous opportunities to learn new skills and techniques to
help them manage their arthritis. It will also encourage adolescents to modify current behaviours,
which is the key to treatment adherence and increasing self-efficacy. While data has not yet been
collected to evaluate the manual it has been developed and is available to present as well as the
procedure for its evaluation.
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31
Guided Active Play Games Elicit a Moderate Level of Physical Activity in a Field Setting
Karel Prickett
Prickett, Karel; Reading, Stacey.
Abstract - Résumé
There is limited knowledge on the energy expenditure of guided active play games in a field setting.
It is of interest to see if such games may be packaged into programs that help satisfy Health
Canada’s Physical Activity Guidelines (Tremblay et.al. 2011) for children (5-12 years of age) in
terms of energy expenditure rate and volume. The guidelines indicate that children should be active
for 60 minutes every day of the week at a moderate to vigorous intensity. Children participated in 30
minute active play sessions designed to elicit low, moderate, or high intensity physical activity. The
data was split into two groups based on age (5-8 yr(n=21), 9-12 yr(n=20)). Energy expenditure rate
was measured through accelerometry, skin temperature and galvanic skin response using Sense
Wear Armbands. The average MET's of the low intensity session was 5.5 ±.4 and 4.3 ±.2 for the
groups 1 and 2, respectively. The average MET's for the moderate intensity session was 5.3 ± .4
and 5.3 ± .2 for groups 1 and 2, respectively. The average MET's for the high intensity session was
6.3 ±.3 and 5.8 ± .4 for groups 1 and 2, respectively. Active play games can be used to engage
children to participate in physical activity of moderate intensity. Perhaps the most surprising finding
was that children played all games at moderate intensity even when the program was designed to
elicit low or high intensity physical activity. This suggests that children self-select moderate physical
activity intensity for activities they find engaging.
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32
Constructing a risk map for Lyme borreliosis in New Brunswick
Kami D. M. Harris
Harris, Kami D.M.; Joudrey, Joseph; Bradet-Legris, Jonathan; Bradet, Gina; Lloyd, Vett K..
Abstract - Résumé
Lyme borreliosis (LB; commonly known as Lyme disease) is the most common arthropod-vectored
zoonosis in North America and an emerging disease in Canada. LB is caused by Borrelia
burgdorferi infection, usually vectored by Ixodes ticks. In order to assess the risk of LB in New
Brunswick we are constructing a risk map for Borrelia burgdorferi infection based on three data sets;
the proportion of infected ticks in different regions of New Brunswick, the proportion of dogs infected
in different regions of the province and the geographical location of tick encounter in human LB
acquired in the province. To date, we have tested Ixodes ticks for presence of Borrelia DNA by
nested PCR for the chromosomal flagellin B and the plasmid-encoded OspA genes. The ticks have
been collected by passive surveillance from veterinarians and the general public primarily in
Southeastern NB. Compilation of canine sentinel data and surveys of humans with confirmed and
presumptive LB are in progress. Our results to date indicate that the risk of LB is elevated in
Southeastern NB; the risk in Southwestern New Brunswick has previously been shown to be
elevated relative to the provincial average due to endemic tick populations. As approximately 50% of
the population of NB is concentrated in the southern region, this means that LB poses a significant
risk to human and domestic animal health in New Brunswick.
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33
Participants in the H.E.A.L.T.H Study show improved health-related fitness at 6-months
Verna McLean, Masters Student
McLean, Masters Student, Verna; Reading , Stacey; Baukje, Miedema.
Abstract - Résumé
The Healthy Eating Active Living for Today’s Health (H.E.A.L.T.H.) Study is a 6 month
physical activity and nutritional counselling intervention designed to help adults with
class I & II obesity learn how to better manage their condition. The hypothesis tested
was that participation in the intervention would result in similar health-related fitness
improvement for adults living in either an urban (>70,000) or rural (<15,000) community.
Study participants attended a 1 hour physical activity session 3 times per week and a 1
hour nutritional education seminar every other week for 26 weeks. Data was collected
pre- (t=0) and post-program (t=1). There were 38 (3 men, 35 women: 51.8+7.9 yrs.)
and 42 (7 men 35 women; 49+12.3) participants in the rural and urban sites. For those
completing the study, BMI and waist circumference decreased by 1.18kg/m² (CI;0.96 to
1.39) and 4.91cm (CI; 4.27 to 5.56) rural vs. 1.44 kg/m² (CI; 1.36 to 1.53) and 0.39 cm
(CI; -0.89 to 0.10) urban. Systolic and diastolic BP decreased by 7.62 mmHg (CI; 6.27
to 8.97) and 3.38 mmHg (CI; 2.28 to 4.47) rural vs. 5.97 mmHg (CI; 5.03 to 6.90) and
2.10 mmHg (CI; 1.41 to 2.79) urban. Participants in both sights saw significant
improvement in aerobic capacity (3.57 (CI; 2.88 to 4.27) and 4.14 ml/kg/min (CI; 3.87 to
4.40)) and musculoskeletal strength (5.85 kg (CI; 5.22 to 6.48) and 8.90 kg (CI; 8.35 to
9.45)). Thus, 6 months of physical activity and nutritional education programming is
equally effective in both rural and urban community settings.
34
Modeling and Simulation of Transfemoral Amputated Gait
Abeer Mohamed
Mohamed, Abeer; Landry, John; Sexton, Andy; Simonsen, Kirsten; McGibbon, Chris.
Abstract - Résumé
Amputation of the leg above the knee, or transfemoral amputation, has a tremendous impact on an
individual's mobility and quality of life. Contemporary prosthetic solutions vary widely, from purely
passive devices to micro-controlled devices. Pattern recognition has shown great promise for
controlling prosthetic devices from embedded sensors (for upper-extremity). These controllers
typically rely on residual limb EMG to determine the user's intent. Although clearly a powerful tool.
Much of the existing knowledge for upper limb prosthetic control is not applicable to controlling a
transfemoral prosthesis (TFP). The primary goal of this research project is to develop and validate a
full body neuro-musculoskeletal model of the transfemoral amputee in order to better understand
how biomechanical and neuromuscular signals can be used to improve prediction of user intent. Our
specific aims are: Aim 1: To adapt a currently existing neuromuscular model of the human body
(SimTK, Stanford University) to include an amputee's leg with a prosthesis, that can be used to
model the biomechanical and neuromuscular contributions to human movement during activities of
daily living (walking, rising from chair, etc) for micro-controlled TFP users. Aim 2: To use this model
to develop simulation tools that will allow researchers, and eventually prosthetists, to “tune” the
client’s prosthesis for reducing the training time required to meet the user’s mobility requirements.
The long-term objective is to improve “user intent” recognition for maximizing function and safety
and minimizing fatigue (both physical and cognitive load) and side-to-side asymmetry
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Quantitative Clinical Assessment of Muscle Spasticity using Wearable Sensors
Andrew Sexton
McGibbon, Chris; Jones, Melony; O'Connell, Colleen.
Abstract - Résumé
Muscle spasticity is a major contributor to chronic mobility impairment in people with neurological
conditions, and is characterized by involuntary tonic stretch reflex that causes the muscle to activate
inappropriately during functional movements. Spasticity is also associated with abnormal tone in
opposing muscles that if not managed appropriately can lead to muscle contractures, chronic pain,
and difficulties with basic motor tasks required for self-care and independence. Measurement
instruments are needed to reliably and accurately quantify spasticity. Although a number of
laboratory-based technologies are available for assessing muscle spasticity, none of these
technologies are feasible for clinical use. The instrument used clinically, and for the vast majority of
published studies related to muscle spasticity, is the Modified Ashworth scale. Although the test is
easy to administer, it is based on a limited ordinal scale (0-4) determined by subjective assessment,
and therefore lacks sensitivity to change. Wearable technologies for sensing kinematics, force and
muscle electromyography have the potential to detect these characteristics and deliver quantitative
objective information that is of interest to the treating therapist. Existing wearable technologies are
small, lightweight and unobtrusive, and allow the clinician or researcher to perform unencumbered
routine physical examinations while monitoring and collecting important clinical variables. This paper
describes the development and testing of a wearable sensor system capable of capturing relevant
biomechanical and electrophysiological data during routine spasticity assessment in the clinic that is
available to clinicians and researchers in real-time, and shows promise for improving the objective
evaluation and quantification of muscle spasticity.
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Pattern Detection for Improved Myoelectric Control Usability
Erik Scheme
Scheme, Erik; Englehart, Kevin; Hudgins, Bernie.
Abstract - Résumé
For many years, myoelectric control research for prosthetics has been dominated by pattern
recognition systems, validated using classification accuracy as a performance metric. This
approach, however, has yet to yield a commercially successful pattern recognition based
myoelectric controller. This has been speculated to be, at least in part, due to challenges faced
when transitioning to clinical scenarios such as socket fitting issues, residual limb motion and
loading, etc. Another contributing factor may be that the classification approach taken during the
design of these control schemes may be flawed. Instead, the myoelectric control task more naturally
lends itself to a detection problem, where the presence of a known/desired signal is not guaranteed.
This subtle difference in philosophy accommodates the notion that the observed active myoelectric
signals may not correspond to desired activation of the prosthesis. Current pattern recognition
based systems do not consider this scenario. Instead, the assumption is made that all active
contractions originate from a desire to activate the prosthesis, resulting in inadvertent movement of
the device during aberrant, accidental, or stabilization contractions.
In this work, we present a
novel detection scheme that is capable of classifying desired motions and rejecting unwanted
activity, using a simple confidence score. This control scheme is shown to significantly outperform
the state-of-the-art pattern recognition based method in a real-time target tracking test.
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The Take Healthy Eating Active Recreation Today (H.E.A.R.T.) Program improves the health and
fitness of sedentary adults in just 12 weeks.
Dominique Legault-Moore (Health care provider)
Legault-Moore (Health care provider), Dominique; Reading, Stacey; Miedema, Baukje (Bo) ;
Morrison, Kate.
Abstract - Résumé
The Take H.E.A.R.T. Program is a community-based lifestyle intervention for older adults seeking to
transition from a sedentary to more active lifestyle. The program is delivered by an interprofessional
team of CSEP® certified exercise specialists and registered dietitians with support from family
physicians to maximize participant safety. The program consists of a pre/post program
health-related fitness assessment and 10 weeks of three 1 hour guided physical activity sessions
that include walking and resistance exercise. Participants also attend a 1 hour nutritional education
seminar each week. To date, 258 (177 female; 81 male) participants have completed the program
in the Fredericton area between Jan 2009 and May 2012 with 114 females (56±10yrs) and 62 males
(57±10yrs) providing complete pre/post data sets. Male and female participants lost on
average±95% C.I., 2.1±1.0 and 1.0±0.4kg respectively. Waist circumference decreased by 4.3±1.1
and 5.0±1.6 cm. Male systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lower post program by
5.0±3.5 and 4.4±2.2 mmHg. Female blood pressure did not change. Aerobic capacity was 17.6±6.5
and 15.3±5.3% higher post program in males and females and participants could complete a 1.6km
walking distance 1.1±0.4 and 0.9±0.2 minutes faster. Grip strength did not increase in men but
increased by 3.0±1.2kg in women. The number of push ups completed increased by 131±41 and
335±91% post program. Since improvement in each fitness index is associated with a reduction in
overall health risk, improvement in multiple participant indices is consistent with better overall health
as a result of participating in the Take H.E.A.R.T. Program.
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The UNB Hand System
Adam Wilson
Wilson, Adam; Losier, Yves; Clawson, Adam; Scheme, Erik; Rogers, Dan; Englehart, Kevin; Kyberd,
Peter; Hudgins, Bernie.
Abstract - Résumé
Multi-degree of freedom (DOF) prosthetic hands are slowly being introduced to the market by
various prosthetic component manufacturers in the industry. With the ability to generate a variety of
hand grasps, these hands are an appealing upgrade to the conventional single DOF hand most
widely used today. For the Institute of Biomedical Engineering, these hands finally offer the multiple
grasp capabilities that pattern recognition based control systems have long been able to control.
Unfortunately these new hands come with many limitations such as excessive weight and size, high
cost, high power consumption, lack of force/slip sensing, poor glove quality, and interfaces which
are incompatible with existing prosthetic components. The UNB Hand System has attempted to
address all of these issues. After an extensive review of the literature and clinical procedure, a
realistic set of specifications for the hand was developed with each of the listed issues in mind. The
design process was set out to meet these specifications. The design utilized state-of-the-art design
tools, components and manufacturing techniques to produce a multi-DOF hand with a novel thumb
design, a novel silicone nano-composite glove material, a low power pattern recognition capable
control system and an open bus-based communication standard for the prosthetic field. The UNB
Hand System is currently undergoing clinical trials with clients of the Atlantic Clinic for Upper Limb
Prosthetics. Our commercial partners are evaluating several products from this work for inclusion in
their catalog.
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39
A framework for biomechanical control of artificial joint motion
Chris McGibbon
.
Abstract - Résumé
Little is known about how the central nervous system (motor cortex and cerebellum, brain stem and
spinal cord) controls normal human movement and even less is known about how movement is
controlled when neuromuscular impairments are present, such as leg amputation. Most theory
related to locomotion control that has been empirically tested suggests human movements are
encoded by the central nervous system (CNS) through spinal circuits, more commonly known as
"central pattern generators" or CPGs. Yet, it remains unclear what information the CNS uses to
encode such movements, and most importantly, how movement transitions are predicted in advance
of their occurrence. Prior research in non-human species suggests that joint kinematics (motion) or
kinetics (force production), via tissue proprioceptors and/or muscle spindles, are used by the CNS to
encode human movement. This research proposes a framework and provides an experimental
validation of the theory by examining the ability to encode and predict the instantaneous energy
states (based on kinematics and kinetics) of the knee joint during walking and statistically predicting
when transitions in gait phase will occur. Gait data from 8 healthy individuals was used to test the
model. It was found that current energy state could be predicted with accuracy >95%, and that
critical transitions in energy state of the joint could be predicted in advance of their occurrence with
an accuracy of 85%. The results suggest that this framework could be useful for the control of
artificial limbs, such as transfemoral (above knee) prostheses.
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40
Activités antiherpétiques d'hydrolysats de Cucumaria frondosa - Antiherpetic activities of
hydrolysates of Cucumaria frondosa
TRIPOTEAU Ludovic
.
Abstract - Résumé
Environ 80% de la population adulte héberge le virus de l’Herpes simplex VHS à l’état latent.
Longtemps considéré comme étant réservés aux seuls boutons de fièvre, les Virus de l’Herpes
simplex sont connus pour donner également des formes d’infection graves notamment chez les
sujets immunodéprimés (VIH, greffés), les femmes enceintes et les nourrissons. La chimiothérapie
antivirale doit affronter actuellemment de nombreux obstacles parmi lesquels : la toxicité des
molécules thérapeutiques, l’interférence avec le métabolisme cellulaire normal, la variabilité
génétique (source de mutants résistants aux antiviraux) et le caractère incurable de l’infection
latente. De plus, la majorité des molécules efficaces commercialisées vont rejoindre le domaine
public en 2015. La recherche de nouveaux traitements constitue donc un enjeu de santé public
majeur. Depuis deux ans, l’Institut de Recherche sur les Zones Côtières de Shippagan et le
Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines de l’Université de Bretagne-Sud travaillent autour
d’un programme commun portant sur la valorisation de coproduits issus des pêcheries de
concombres de mer. L’évaluation in vitro de l’activité antivirale d’extraits de Cucumaria frondosa,
obtenus après hydrolyse enzymatique, a été réalisée sur le modèle VHS-1/cellule Vero par viabilité
cellulaire, à une MOI de 0.01 DI50/cellules pendant 96h. Sur 28 extraits testés, 4 extraits ont montré
une activité antiherpétique réelle (CE50 : 2 – 76 µg/mL) sans cytotoxicité (CC50>250 µg/mL). Ces
extraits sont en cours de purification.
Approximately 80% of the adult population harbors the herpes simplex virus HSV in a latent state.
For a long time considered only reserved for cold sores, the herpes simplex virus are also known to
give serious forms of infection especially in immunocompromised people (HIV, transplant), pregnant
women and infants. Antiviral chemotherapy currently used for, faces many obstacles including: the
toxicity of therapeutic molecules, interference with normal cellular metabolism, genetic variability
(source of antiviral resistant mutants) and the incurable nature of latent infection. In addition, the
majority of commercially effective molecules are joining the public domain in 2015. The search for
new treatments is therefore a major public health issue. For two years, the Coastal Zones Research
Institute of Shippagan and the Laboratory of Biotechnology and Marine Chemistry of the University
of South-Britanny working around a common program based on the upgrading of byproducts of sea
cucumber fisheries. In vitro evaluation of the antiviral activity of C. frondosa’s extracts, obtained after
enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out on the model HSV-1/Vero cell by cell viability at an MOI of 0.01
DI50/cells for 96 hours. Of 28 extracts tested, four extracts showed an important antiherpetic activity
(EC50: 2 - 76 µg / mL) without cytotoxicity (CC50> 250 µg / mL). These extracts are undergoing
purification.
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41
Modulation of freeze-associated miRNAs at low temperatures
Pierre J. Lyons
Lyons, Pierre J.; Courteau, Lynn A.; Poitras, Julie J.; Storey, Kenneth B.; Morin, Pier Jr.
Abstract - Résumé
Methods to preserve organs, whether destined for transplants or long-term storage, involve
maintaining life at non-physiological temperatures. While our molecular understanding of the
freezing process has improved the field of cryopreservation, much remains to be done to
comprehend life in the cold and to translate this knowledge to known biomedical applications.
Natural models of hypometabolism, such as mammalian hibernators and freeze tolerant insects,
may hold keys to our understanding of biochemical processes at play during freezing. Overwintering
strategies employed by these models include decreased metabolic rate, reduction in heart rate and,
at the molecular level, significant down-regulation of energy-consuming processes. We
hypothesized that microRNAs, non-coding RNA transcripts capable of translational repression via
mRNA binding, could play a role in the regulation of energy-expensive processes in a freeze tolerant
insect, Eurosta solidaginis. Expression of miRNAs was assessed in control (+5 ⁰C) and frozen (-15
⁰C) insect larvae by miRNA microarray and miRNA-specific quantification was subsequently
accomplished by RT-PCR. MiR-1 levels were significantly elevated in frozen E. solidaginis larvae at
-15°C whereas miR- 210 levels were significantly reduced at the same temperature. This
cold-associated signature of miRNAs could yield crucial information about how these insects can
cope with temperature stress and how this strategy could be transposed to higher organisms.
Les méthodes employées pour préserver les organes impliquent le maintien de la vie à des
températures non physiologiques. Bien que notre compréhension moléculaire du processus de
congélation a amélioré le domaine de la cryoconservation, plusieurs aspects demeurent à évaluer
pour véritablement comprendre la vie au froid et pour traduire ces connaissances en applications
biomédicales. Des modèles d'hypométabolisme, tels les mammifères hibernants et insectes
tolérants au froid, existent dans la nature et contiennent les clés de notre compréhension des
processus biochimiques impliqués dans la congélation. Les stratégies d'hivernage vues dans ces
modèles sont associées à une diminution du métabolisme, une réduction de la fréquence cardiaque
et, au niveau moléculaire, une forte régulation négative des processus consommateurs d'énergie.
Nous émettons l'hypothèse que des microARNs, transcrits d’ARN non-codantes ayant la capacité
d’inhiber la traduction en se liant à l'ARNm, pourrait jouer un rôle dans la régulation des processus
consommateurs d'énergie dans un insecte tolérant au froid, Eurosta solidaginis. L'expression de
miARNs a été évaluée chez des insectes contrôles (5 ⁰C) et congelés (-15 ⁰C) à l'aide d'une
micropuce de miARNs de même que par quantification via RT-PCR. Les niveaux de miR-1 étaient
significativement élevés, tandis que les niveaux de miR-210 étaient significativement réduits. Ces
miARNs sont les premiers pas vers la caractérisation d’une signature de miARNs qui pourrait
apporter des informations importantes sur la façon que ces biomolécules assistent ce modèle dans
la gestion du stress de température et comment cette stratégie pourrait être transposée chez
d’autres organismes.
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Targeting tribbles proteins: A punishment that fits the crime for GBMs
André Odjélé
Odjélé, André; Ferguson, Dean; Morin, Pier Jr.
Abstract - Résumé
Tribbles proteins are key regulators of multiple signaling pathways and their deregulation has been
linked to loss of cellular homeostasis and carcinogenesis. Following the results generated by
microarray which focused on identifying differentially regulated kinase mRNAs in primary brain
tumour samples, we reported an up-regulation of tribbles-1 (trb-1) and tribbles-2 (trb-2) transcripts in
the most aggressive type of glioma: glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). GBMs are correlated with a
12-14 months patient survival and improving the current therapeutic approaches is essential. We
next assessed trb-1 and trb-2 transcript levels in a panel of GBM cell lines by RT-PCR. Western
blotting was also performed and revealed that selected cell lines did in fact strongly expressed Trb-1
protein. We next wish to differentially regulate Trb-1 expression in selected cellular models and
measure the impact of varying tribbles levels on cancerous phenotypes. The goal of our research is
to identify proteins that are most likely involved in driving gliomagenesis and GBM development. We
thus hope that our findings will lead to the development of a pharmaceutical approach able to target
these leads and to the elaboration of an improved therapeutic regimen for GBMs.
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The Design of a Prosthetic Hand with Improved Functionality
Ben Jones
Jones, Ben.
Abstract - Résumé
Feedback from myoelectric prosthetic hand users has highlighted that devices are perceived as
heavy, expensive, and non-anthropomorphic in shape and movement. Several new multifunctional
hands have become available, which have attempted to resolve these issues. They are either
limited in the grip patterns they can achieve, do not have articulating digits, or require manual
intervention to rotate the thumb to achieve lateral grip patterns. The objective of this research was to
design an anthropomorphic multifunctional hand capable of achieving a wide range of functional
grips automatically. This research is important to advance the mechanical design of prosthetic
hands so they can meet the demands of more complex control strategies, such as pattern
recognition, with the end goal of improving functionality, usability and user acceptance of such
devices. A hand prototype has been built which is capable of meeting these objectives. It has 3
brushless DC motors to actuate the movement. The largest motor pulls the digits closed via a force
balancing mechanism, which enables the digits to conform to uneven shaped objects. The digits
are articulated to give a curling motion. The thumb has two independent degrees of freedom around
its base. It is able to flex and rotate to allow the different grip patterns to be achieved. Actuated
locking pins can fix the digits in either the open or closed position to achieve tip and tripod grips. It is
intended to fit a user with the prototype to investigate the functionality of the device.
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The relationship between risk-taking, secrecy and eating disorder severity.
Jennifer Bartlett, Helena Dayal
Bartlett, Jennifer; Dayal, Helena; Weaver, Kathryn; Domene, Jose; Pye, Kathleen.
Abstract - Résumé
Evidence suggests that eating disorders are becoming increasingly problematic among young
women, and is currently one of the most prominent health issues that women must face. While some
individuals may find social support or seek help, it is not uncommon for many individuals who suffer
from an eating disorder to maintain some level of secrecy around this issue. Specifically, there is a
high incidence of excessive alcohol use, substance abuse, reckless driving, sexual promiscuity, and
self-injury among individuals with eating disorders. Links have been found connecting eating
disorders with secrecy and risk-taking behaviours. However, the existing three-way relationship
between eating disorders, secret-keeping and risk-taking behaviours remains to be examined and
will be discussed based on a systematic review of the literature and original research being
conducted on the topic. Quantitative methodology will be used to examine the relationship between
eating disorders, risk-taking behaviours and secrecy. Specifically, we will measure (a) Eating
Disorder Severity, (b) Risk-taking behaviour, and (c) Secrecy. Preliminary results suggest that
individuals who engage in secret-keeping are more likely to engage in risk-taking behaviors
indicating that there is a positive relationship between eating disorder severity and involvement with
risk-taking behaviors, which is mediated by secret-keeping. This information will be used to raise
awareness and inform interventions for this underserved group of women and youth by highlighting
the importance of the role of secrecy in the context of eating disorders. Future programs should
consider the importance of social support in eating disorder recovery.
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Influence of school environment on youth participation in organized and individual physical activities/
Influence de l’environnement scolaire sur la participation des jeunes aux activités physiques
Stéphanie Ward
.
Abstract - Résumé
Background: Only 7% of Canadian youth attain the recommended 60 minutes of physical activity per
day. Schools have been identified as key arenas for promoting physical activity in youth. However,
studies have not yet looked at how the school environment can influence participation in specific
types of physical activities. The objectives of this study are to identify if school infrastructures and
policies are associated with participation in individual, team-based, organized, and non-organized
physical activities. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 776 Grade 5 and 6 students from
16 schools across New Brunswick who participated in the Measuring Activities of Teenagers to
Comprehend their Habits (MATCH) study. The physical and political environment was assessed
through questionnaires which were completed by school representatives. Types of physical activities
and physical activity levels were obtained from 3 questionnaires, self-administered by students.
Multilevel regression analyses were conducted to examine relationships between the schools’
physical and political environment and the types of physical activities, and levels of physical activity
of the students. Results: Although analyses are still preliminary, we observed a positive relationship
between the presence of rules guiding physical activity-related behaviours during recess and lunch
breaks and youths’ participation in organized physical activities. We have also noted a positive
relationship between the number of opportunities for taking part in interscholastic sports and
participation in such activities. Conclusion: Offering opportunities and promoting physical activity
during recess and lunch breaks could encourage children to participate in higher intensity physical
activities.
Problématique: Seulement 7% des jeunes accumulent les 60 minutes d’activité physique
recommandées quotidiennement. Les écoles ont été identifiées comme des milieux clés pour la
promotion d’activité physique, mais aucune étude n’a encore étudié de quelle façon l’environnement
scolaire peut influencer la participation à des types spécifiques d’activités physiques. Les objectifs
de cette étude sont d’identifier si les infrastructures et les politiques scolaires sont associées à la
participation aux activités individuelles, de groupe, organisées, et non-organisées. Méthodes: Cette
étude transversale a été menée auprès de 776 élèves de la 5e et 6e année provenant de 16 écoles
du Nouveau-Brunswick qui ont participé à l’étude Mesurer les Activités des jeunes pour Comprendre
leurs Habitudes (MATCH). L’environnement physique et politique scolaire a été mesuré à l’aide de
questionnaires complétés par des représentants scolaires. Les types d’activités physiques ont été
mesurés à l’aide de 3 questionnaires auto-administrés par les élèves. Des analyses de régressions
multiniveaux ont été effectuées afin d’examiner la relation entre l’environnement scolaire et les types
d’activités spécifiques rapportés par les élèves. Résultats : Nous avons observé une relation
positive entre la présence de règlements favorisant l’activité physique durant les récréations et la
participation des jeunes aux activités organisées. Nous avons également noté une relation positive
entre le nombre d’opportunités à participer aux sports interscolaires et la participation à ces types
d’activités. Conclusion : Offrir des opportunités et promouvoir l’activité physique durant les
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récréations pourrait encourager les jeunes à participer à des activités physiques d’intensité plus
élevées.
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Direct lateral interbody fusion without posterior stabilization: Initial report of the first 10 consecutive
cases.
Melissa McKeon
Manson, Neil; McKeon, Melissa; Abraham, Edward.
Abstract - Résumé
Introduction: Direct lateral interbody fusion (DLIF) offers a novel approach to lumbar spine surgery
with excellent potential for treatment of degenerative pathologies and restoration of deformity.
Surgical technique recommendations advocate posterior pedicle screw/rod instrumentation to
assure stability. The large size/contour of the interbody implant permits positioning between the
strong apophyseal ring of each endplate. This confers significant deformity correction via disc height
restoration as well as implant security via strong compression forces. Thus, stability may be
achieved in a stand-alone fashion. The purpose of this study is to confirm motion segment construct
stability after stand-alone DLIF. Methods: A retrospective radiographic review of the first 10 patients
treated via DLIF without supplementary posterior instrumentation. Comparison of pre-operative,
intra-operative, and final AP/lateral radiographs quantified corrections in disc height, scoliosis, and
listhesis. Results: 10 consecutive patients provided 17 operative levels. Per level mean blood loss
(32cc), median cage size (12mmX50mm). Endplate failure secondary to osteoporosis occurred in
one patient, otherwise there were no complications/revisions. In 9/10 cases disc height was restored
(182% of pre-operative) and maintained throughout follow-up. Scoliosis demonstrated marked
correction (41% of pre-operative) and was well maintained throughout follow-up. Spondylolisthesis
demonstrated excellent intra-operative correction (40% of pre-operative) but deterioration, in one
case to near pre-operative severity at follow-up. Conclusion: DLIF offers surgical approach and
implant advantages. Its use in a stand-alone fashion further optimizes its minimally invasive nature.
This technique is effective at restoring disc height and correcting scoliosis. DLIF can effectively
manage spondylolisthesis however, posterior augmentation should be considered.
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47
Understanding the experiences of nurses who are learning to use health-care technology: Situating
Karen Furlong
Furlong, Karen.
Abstract - Résumé
The purpose of my doctoral study is to understand how nurses learn to use an Electronic Health
Record (EHR). Within this presentation, I will describe the significance of my research, and the
rationale for selecting narrative inquiry as the primary methodology. Preliminary research findings
(Nurses’ stories) suggest that integration and subsequent learning behaviours are significantly
influenced by pre-existing realities and a quest to understand how the technology influences
patient-care delivery. It is evident that integration of an EHR is a complex endeavour that requires
end-user engagement to be successful. Learning is inclusive of both education (understanding
workflow adjustments) and hands-on training (system use) initiatives. Although there is a significant
rise in the integration and use of technology within a variety of health-care environments, this
world-wide reality is plagued with deployment difficulties that remain poorly understood. Individual
perspectives are often overlooked due to investigative designs that devalue such viewpoints by
exploring the utility of technologies and contextual elements of influence rather than the lived
experience of individuals, namely the users of technology. Therefore, the voice of the
individual/nurse within my research is perceived as invaluable – a persuasive entity. This ontological
orientation is evident within the design of my qualitative investigation: Narrative inquiry does not
negate the role of context yet it is the individual’s reality conceptions that are viewed as most salient.
Narrative inquiry reverses the flow of power whereby the individual is the resounding force in the
shaping of what is known to be real.
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48
Relationship between Motivation and Specific types of Physical Activity among grade 5 and 6
Students
Julie Goguen
Goguen, Julie; Bélanger, Mathieu; Caissie, Isabelle; Ward, Stéphanie; Xhignesse, Marianne.
Abstract - Résumé
Background: Despite the numerous health benefits associated with physical activity (PA), only 7% of
youth are achieving the recommended 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA per day. PA also
tends to decrease with age and the probability of maintaining participation in different types of PA
during adolescence is low to moderate. Little is known about the correlates of participation in
specific types of PA. The quantity and type of motivation towards PA greatly influences continued
participation in PA; however, it is unknown whether motivation towards PA differs across different
types and contexts of PA. We investigated relationships between specific motivations and different
PA contexts. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis is based on data from the MATCH study
(Measuring the physical Activities of Teenagers to Comprehend their Habits). 802 grade 5 and 6
students from 17 schools in New-Brunswick completed a questionnaire regarding their participation
in different types of PA and contexts associated with these practices as well as their motivation
towards PA. Associations between frequency of participation in different types of PA, and motivation
towards PA were assessed using multilevel linear regression models. Results: Preliminary results
indicate that although the most prevalent type of motivation for PA was enjoyment, motivation
related to competence was the most discriminatory with regards to different PA contexts.
Discriminatory power of other types of motivation differed across the various PA contexts.
Conclusion: Motivations to take part in different types of PA appear to vary according to its context.
Contexte: Malgré les nombreux bienfaits associés à l'activité physique (AP), seulement 7% des
jeunes accumulent 60 minutes d’AP modérée à vigoureuse par jour tel que recommandé. L’AP a
aussi tendance à diminuer avec l'âge et la probabilité de maintenir la participation à différents types
d’AP pendant l’adolescence est faible à modérée. Peu d’information est disponible sur les facteurs
qui influencent la participation à des types spécifiques d’AP. La quantité et le type de motivation a
beaucoup d’influence sur le maintien de participation à l’AP, cependant il est incertain si la
motivation à l'AP est différente selon les divers types et contextes d’AP. Nous avons étudié les
relations entre les motivations spécifiques et les différents contextes d’AP. Méthodes: Cette étude
transversale est basée sur les données de l'étude MATCH (Mesurer les AcTivités des jeunes afin de
Comprendre leurs Habitudes). 802 élèves de la 5e et 6e année venant de 17 écoles au
Nouveau-Brunswick ont rempli un questionnaire concernant leur participation à différents types d’AP
et leurs contextes ainsi que leur motivation envers l’AP. Les associations entre la fréquence de
participation à différents types d’AP et la motivation envers l’AP ont été évaluées en utilisant des
modèles de régression linéaires multi-niveaux. Résultats: Les résultats préliminaires indiquent que
bien que le type le plus prévalent de motivation pour l’AP était le plaisir, la motivation liée à la
compétence a été la plus discriminatoire concernant les contextes d’AP. Le pouvoir discriminatoire
des autres types de motivation variaient selon les divers contextes d’AP
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The impact of language, socioeconomic status and place of residence on access to and
outcomes following cardiac surgery in New Brunswick
Ansar Hassan
Hassan, Ansar; MacLeod, Jeffrey; Lutchmedial, Sohrab; Pelletier, Marc; Yip, Alexandra.
Background: The Canadian health care system is mandated to provide equitable
access to medical services. This study investigated the effect of language,
socioeconomic status (SES) and place of residence on access to and outcomes
following cardiac surgery in New Brunswick.
Methods: All patients undergoing cardiac surgery at the New Brunswick Heart Centre
between April 2004 and March 2011 were identified. Language was defined as the
language used most often at home. SES was estimated using a regional deprivation
index. Place of residence was based on the regional health authority (RHA) in which a
patient resided. Annual age- and sex-adjusted rates of cardiac surgery were calculated
by RHA as were overall rates of in-hospital and 30-day adverse events following
surgery.
Results: 4575 patients were identified. Rates of surgery differed across RHA. Where
RHA-4 had substantially lower rates of surgery, this region was excluded. The
predominance of English- vs. French-speaking patients differed across RHA
(p<0.0001). Similarly, SES differed across RHA (p<0.0001), with RHA-1, RHA-2 and
RHA-3 emerging as the most affluent regions. Patients from RHA-7 experienced
greater median surgical wait times (19d vs. 9d, p<0.01). While rates of in-hospital
mortality did not differ across RHA (p=0.18), 30-day rates of any complication and/or
readmission did (p=0.01), with the highest rates occurring in RHA-1 and RHA-7.
Conclusion: Despite a single-tier health care system, New Brunswickers experience
geographic variation in access to and outcomes following cardiac surgery. Further
analysis will determine the role that language and SES play in creating these
differences.
50
Peril, Pain, and Advocacy: Voices and Stories of Women Living with Eating Disorders
Kathryn Weaver
Weaver, Kathryn.
Abstract - Résumé
Eating disorders – a leading cause of disability among women – represent a significant health
problem because of the associated morbidity, chronicity, mortality and high cost of treatment. Within
a research program to explore support and recovery needs of persons affected by eating disorders,
the perspectives of 232 New Brunswick women, 32 parents, 18 peer facilitators, and 20 allied health
professionals were examined using mixed methodologies and triangulated quantitative and
qualitative data. This presentation will focus on the stories of over 50 women who participated in five
individual projects motivated by the practice need for therapeutic interventions with eating
disordered sub-populations. The first study utilized feminist grounded theory method in developing a
model of women’s recovery from the perilous self-soothing of anorexia nervosa toward healthy
self-nurturance along pathways of self-awareness, self-regulation and self-differentiation. The
second project produced a documentary drama of recovery experiences based on focus group and
individual interviews with women who experienced anorexia, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating. The
third involved narrative analysis of diaries, letters, and drawings that resulted in a uniquely combined
portrayal of the motives and intentions of a daughter with anorexia nervosa, her mother, and
therapist. The fourth and fifth studies illustrate the underlying “pain of difference” and vital role of
social support experienced by female university students (a) attending a six-week
psychoeducational intervention or (b) seeking support through friends, family members and
healthcare providers. It is recommended that the women’s stories be shared to enhance
development of public, professional and interdisciplinary sensitivities and knowledge.
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51
Alternate Level of Care: Patient and Family Perspectives
Dr. Rose McCloskey
Jarrett, Pamela; Stewart, Connie.
Abstract - Résumé
Introduction: Considerable attention is given to the growing number of patients who are occupying
hospital beds while waiting for the availability of long-term care services. These patients are
referred to as Alternate Level of Care (ALC) and much discussion around these individuals’ centers
around inappropriate use of health care resources. Considerably less attention is given to the
individuals who are designated as ALC. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted
with patients/family members who were designated as ALC in one urban and one rural hospital in
New Brunswick. Results: Interviews were conducted with 11 ALC patients and 4 family members.
All patients were admitted to hospital with an acute illness but were unable to return to home. Only
two patients were receiving community supports prior to the hospital admission. Many participants
described their living situation prior to the hospitalization as one of declining functional ability and
growing dependency on others. With the exception of one, participants were looking forward to
relocating to a long-term care facility. Conclusions: The issue of ALC is of importance not only to
hospitals and policymakers, but to ALC patients and their families. Concerted effort is needed to
ensure the public understands what services are available and how to access them.
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