Ahmad al-Jaabari - Exécutions extra judiciaires

Ahmad al-Jaabari
Le 14 novembre 2012, le chef des opérations militaires de la branche armée du Hamas,
Ahmad al-Jaabari, a été tué dans un raid aérien sur une voiture à Gaza, lors d’une opération
conjointe menée par les Forces de la Défense d’Israël (Tsahal) et le Service de Sécurité
intérieure d’Israël (Shabak)1.
Il était depuis longtemps un des hommes les plus recherchés par Israël, qui le tenait pour
responsable d'une série d'attentats meurtriers et d'attaques, dont l'enlèvement du soldat
israélien Gilad Schalit en 2006, et il avait déjà fait l'objet de nombreuses tentatives
d'assassinat de la part de l’Etat israélien2. Ahmad al-Jaabari est le premier responsable du
Hamas ciblé par Tsahal dans le cadre de l’opération « Pilier de Défense », opération de
grande envergure contre des sites et des responsables terroristes, pour la plupart liés au Hamas
et au Jihad islamique3.
Réactions :
Israël
« The head of the military force of Hamas was killed half an hour ago. He was a most extreme
man and was in charge of all the attacks and assassinations from Gaza against Israel. We
shall handle it with great care. Our intension is not to raise the flames, but already for days,
day and night, they are shooting rockets at Israel. Women cannot fall asleep. I was today
there with the children. You know, there are limits. So I want you to know and I wanted to
explain our motives »4.
Shimon Peres, Président d’Israël.
« Hamas and the terror organizations decided to escalate their attacks on the citizens of
Israel over the last few days. We will not accept a situation in which Israeli citizens are
threatened by the terror of rockets […] Today, we hit Hamas strategic targets precisely […]
1
« Senior Hamas Official Ahmed al-Jabari was behind dozens of attacks », IDF Website, 14 novembre 2012,
http://www.idf.il/1283-17579-en/Dover.aspx, consulté le 24 mars 2013 ; Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 14
novembre 2012, http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Terrorism-+Obstacle+to+Peace/Terrorism+and+Islamic+
Fundamentalism-/Ahmed_Jabari.htm, consulté le 24 mars 2013 ; « Gaza: le chef des opérations militaires du
Hamas tué dans un raid israélien », L’Express, 14 novembre 2012, http://www.lexpress.fr/actualite/monde/
proche-orient/le-chef-des-operations-militaires-de-la-branche-armee-du-hamas-tue-dans-un-raid
israelien_1187372.html, consulté le 23 février 2013 ; « Hamas says 'gates of hell opened' as Israel kills military
leader in Gaza », The Guardian, 15 novembre 2012, www.guardian.co.uk/world/2012/nov/14/israel-assassinateshamas-military-chief, consulté le 23 février 2013
2
« Senior Hamas Official Ahmed al-Jabari was behind dozens of attacks », IDF Website, op. cit.
3
« Communiqué officiel: Tsahal lance une opération de grande envergure contre des sites et des responsables
terroristes dans la bande de Gaza », IDF Website, 14 novembre 2012, http://tsahal.fr/2012/11/14/communiqueofficiel-tsahal-lance-une-operation-de-grande-envergure-contre-les-sites-terroristes-dans-la-bande-de-gaza/,
consulté le 24 mars 2013
4
« Israel responds to Hamas rocket attacks », The Embassy of Israel to the United States, 14 novembre 2012,
http://www.israelemb.org/washington/NewsAndEvents/Pages/IDF-Targets-Hamas-militants-and-facilities-inGaza.aspx, consulté le 24 mars 2013
The terrorist organizations - Hamas, Islamic Jihad and others - are deliberately harming our
citizens, while intentionally hiding behind their citizens. On the other hand, we avoid harming
civilians as much as possible and that is one fundamental difference between us »5.
Binyamin Netanyahu, Premier Ministre israélien.
« Israel does not want war. But Hamas' consistent provocation in recent weeks […] forced
our hand into acting with both precision and decisiveness »6.
Ehud Barak, Ministre israélien de la Défense.
« In the past hour, the IDF targeted Ahmed Jabri, the head of Hamas' military wing, in the
Gaza Strip. Jabri was a senior Hamas operative who served in the upper echelon of the
Hamas' command and was directly responsible for executing terror attacks against the State
of Israel in the past number of years. The purpose of this operation was to cripple the
command and control chain of the Hamas leadership, as well as its terrorist infrastructure.
This was a surgical operation in co-operation with the Israeli security agency, that was
implemented on the basis of concrete intelligence and using advanced capabilities ».7
Forces de la Défense d’Israël.
« Jabari was responsible for financing and directing military operations and attacks against
Israel. […] His elimination today is a message to Hamas officials in Gaza that if they
continue promoting terrorism against Israel, they will be hurt »8.
Service de Sécurité intérieure d’Israël.
Palestine
« President Mahmoud Abbas strongly condemned the assault on Gaza and warned of the
seriousness of the escalation, demanding immediate halt of military operations to protect the
people of Gaza. He requested for an immediate Arab League meeting at the level of
permanent delegates to discuss the Israeli escalation »9.
« Following the assassination today of a Hamas leader, Ahmed Al-Jaabari, the occupying
Power is yet again vulgarly and publicly boasting about its willful killing of Palestinians and
its plans to carry out more crimes of this sort.
5
Statement by PM Netanyahu, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs , 14 novembre 2012, http://www.mfa.gov.il/
MFA/Government/Communiques/2012/Operation_Pillar_of_Defense_PM_Netanyahu_14-Nov-2012, consulté le
24 mars 2013
6
Statement by DM Ehud Barak, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 14 novembre 2012, http://www.mfa.gov.il/
MFA/Government/Communiques/2012/Pillar_of_Defense-Statement_DM_Barak_14-Nov-2012, consulté le 24
mars 2013
7
« Operation Pillar of Defense continues », IDF Website, 16 novembre 2012, http://www.idf.il/1283-17570en/Dover.aspx, consulté le 24 mars 2013
8
« Israel attacks Gaza, kills Hamas military chief », US News, 14 novembre 2012, http://www.usnews.com/news
/articles/2012/11/14/israel-attacks-gaza-kills-hamas-military-chief, consulté le 24 mars 2013
9
« Israeli Airstrikes Kill 3 Palestinians in Gaza, Raising Death Toll to 11 », Wafa, 15 novembre 2011,
http://english.waf"a.ps/index.php?action=detail&id=21065, consulté le 24 mars 2013
This is happening in grave breach of all norms of international law and the ethical and moral
principles governing our world. War crimes are being perpetrated by Israel against the
Palestinian people. This has not ceased for one moment throughout 45 years of this
illegitimate, cruel military occupation. We strongly condemn all of these Israeli crimes
against our people. […]
Today, we appeal once again to the international community to take a stand for the protection
of civilians, for the rule of law, for right over might, and for peace and stability. We call on
this Security Council to act now to protect the Palestinian people from the wrath of Israel, the
occupying Power; to stop the bleeding in Gaza; and to strengthen our diminishing hopes in
the prospects for peace »10.
Riyad Mansour, Observateur permanent de la Palestine auprès des Nations Unies.
« We condemn in the strongest terms this new Israeli assassination that aims to initiate a
bloody escalation. This exposes that Israel has an agenda for war but not for peace. »11
Saeb Erekat, membre de l'Organisation pour la Libération de la Palestine.
Etats-Unis
« We strongly condemn the barrage of rocket fire from Gaza into southern Israel, and we
regret the death and injury of innocent Israeli and Palestinian civilians caused by the ensuing
violence. There is no justification for the violence that Hamas and other terrorist
organizations are employing against the people of Israel. We call on those responsible to stop
these cowardly acts immediately. We support Israel’s right to defend itself, and we encourage
Israel to continue to take every effort to avoid civilian casualties »12.
Mark Toner, porte-parole du département d'État américain.
Union européenne
« L'Union européenne est gravement préoccupée par la situation à Gaza et en Israël et
déplore vivement que, des deux côtés, des civils aient trouvé la mort. Toutes les attaques
doivent cesser immédiatement car elles causent des souffrances injustifiables à des civils
innocents. L'Union européenne lance donc un appel urgent à la désescalade et à la cessation
des hostilités. Elle soutient les efforts de médiation en vue d'un rapide cessez-le-feu entrepris
par l'Égypte et d'autres acteurs et se félicite de la mission que le Secrétaire général des
Nations unies effectue dans la région. L'Union européenne condamne fermement les tirs de
roquettes sur Israël depuis la bande de Gaza, auxquels le Hamas et les autres groupes armés
10
Statement by Ambassador Riyad Mansour, Permanent Observer of Palestine to the United Nations, before the
United Nations Security Council, Emergency Meeting on the Israeli Military Aggression against the Gaza Strip,
14 November 2012, http://www.un.int/wcm/content/site/palestine/cache/offonce/pid/33730;jsessionid=
24456A5A7F0540CB553DC392C7420DD1, consulté le 23 février 2013
11
« Israeli Airstrikes Kill 3 Palestinians in Gaza, Raising Death Toll to 11 », Wafa, op. cit.
12
Press Statement Mark Toner, US Department of State, 14 novembre 2012, http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/
2012/11/200551.htm, consulté le 24 mars 2013
présents à Gaza doivent mettre fin immédiatement. Rien ne saurait justifier que des civils
innocents soient délibérément pris pour cibles. Israël a le droit de protéger sa population
contre de telles attaques; ce faisant, il doit agir de manière proportionnée et veiller en
permanence à protéger les civils. L'UE souligne que toutes les parties doivent respecter
pleinement le droit international humanitaire »13.
Catherine Ashton, Haute Représentante de l'Union pour les affaires étrangères et la politique
de sécurité.
Egypte
« Following the assassination of al-Jabari, Egypt’s President Muhamed Morsi recalled its
ambassador to Israel Yasser Ridha, and Israel's envoy to Cairo was also preparing to leave the
country. "Foreign Minister Mohamed Kamel Amr condemned the series of air strikes that
Israel is currently conducting against Gaza Strip and which led to the killing of Ahmed AlJaabari", said the statement released by Egypt's foreign ministry »14.
Iran
« A spokesman for the Iranian foreign ministry also criticised the killing »15.
Qatar
« I condemn in the name of Qatar [...] This filthy crime must not pass without a punishment.
The U.N. Security Council must shoulder its responsibilities in preserving peace and security
in the world »16.
Qatari Foreign Minister Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim al-Thani
Organisation des Nations Unies
« The Secretary-General reiterated his strong condemnation of rocket fire out of Gaza and
noted his expectation that Israeli reactions are measured so as not to provoke a new cycle of
bloodshed that could cause additional civilian casualties and have dangerous spillover effects
13
Catherine Ashton, communiqué de presse, 19 novembre 2012, http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_PRES-12467_fr.htm#PR_metaPressRelease_bottom, consulté le 26 mars 2013
14
« Egypt condemns Israeli air strikes in Gaza and demands ceasefire », The Guardian, 14 novembre 2012,
www.guardian.co.uk/world/2012/nov/14/israel-assassinates-hamas-military-chief, consulté le 24 mars 2013
15
« Egypt condemns Israeli air strikes in Gaza and demands ceasefire », The Guardian, op. cit
16
« Qatar wants Israel punished for Gaza attacks », Reuters, 14 novembre 2012, http://www.reuters.com/article/
2012/11/14/palestinians-israel-qatar-idUSL5E8MEDQ920121114, consulté le 24 mars 2013
in the region. He called for the parties to exercise the utmost restraint and to respect
international humanitarian law »17.
Martin Nesirk, porte-parole de l’ONU.
Amnesty International
« Israel’s assassination of Ahmad al-Ja’abari, the head of Hamas' military wing has placed
civilians in Gaza and southern Israel at grave risk by re-igniting the armed conflict there »18.
17
« UN chief calls for restraint between Israel and Gaza », déclaration du porte-parole de l’ONU, 15 novembre
2012, http://www.unmultimedia.org/radio/english/2012/11/un-chief-calls-for-restraint-between-israel-and-gaza/,
consulté le 24 mars 2013
18
« Press release - Israel/Gaza: All sides must step back from the brink to protect civilians », Amnesty
international, 14 novembre 2012, http://www.amnesty.org/en/for-media/press-releases/israelgaza-all-sides-muststep-back-brink-protect-civilians-2012-11-14, consulté le 26 mars 2013