manuel tostain - UFR Droit et sciences politiques

Transcription

manuel tostain - UFR Droit et sciences politiques
MANUEL TOSTAIN
07/07/10
PARTIE 1 : LA MORALE
* : Références importantes
LA MORALE ET SES REPRESENTATIONS
Approches développementales générales
Piaget
Kohlberg
Approches alternatives à Piaget et Kohlberg
Hoffman
Autres
Approches spécifiques
Morale et théories de l’esprit
Débuts de la morale (0- 3 ans)
Morale et action
Justice distributive
Justice immanente
Morale et différence des sexes
Psychanalyse
Approche psycho-cognitive
Bases (en français)
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Approches dévelopmentales générales
Piaget
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124-147.
PIAGET, J. (1963/1976). Problèmes de la psycho-sociologie de l’enfance, Cahiers Vilfredo Pareto, Revue
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Approche autour de Piaget
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2
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Kohlberg
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Approches alternatives à Piaget et Kohlberg (autour de Turiel)
Eisenberg et la moral prosociale
CARLO, G., EISENBERG, N., KNIGHT, G.P. (1992). An objective measure of adolescents’ prosocial moral
reasoning, Journal of Research on Adolescence, 2, 4, 331-349.
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emotion to young chidren's prosocial behavior toward peers and adults. Development Psychology, 32, 2,
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Helwig
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religion, Child development, 66, 152-166.
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HELWIG, C.C. (1997). The role of agent and social context in judgments of freedom of speech and religion.
Child Development, 68, 3, 484-495.
Helwig, C.C., & Jasiobedzka, U. (2001). The relation between law and morality: Children’s reasoning about
socially beneficial and unjust laws. Child Development, 72, 5, 1382-1393.
Rest (test DIT : Defining Issues Test) (proche Kohlberg)
REST, J.R., COOPER, D., MASANZ, J., ANDERSON, D. (1974). Judging the important issues in moral
dilemmas. An objective measure of development. Developmental Psychology, 10, 4, 491-501.
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REST,J.R (1979a). Revised manual for the defining issues test. Minneapolis : University of Minnesota Press.
REST, J.R. (1979b). Development in judging moral issues. Minneapolis : University of Minnesota Press.
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Smetana
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Turiel (théorie des 3 domaines de jugement social)
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and noncanonical situations, Child Development, 72, 1, 66-81.
LEVY, E., LEHALLE, H. (2002). La catégorisation des infractions aux règles sociales chez les adolescents : audelà des circonstances, les progrès de l’abstraction, Enfance, 2, 187-206.
Nucci, L., Guerra, N., & Lee, N. (1991). Adolescent judgments of the personal prudential, and normative aspects
of drug usage. Developmental Psychology, 27(5), 841-848.
NUCCI, L., TURIEL, E. (1993). God’s word, religions rules, and their relation to christian and jewish children’s
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1030-1039.
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Autres proches de Turiel
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Development, 71, 1, 91-97.
KILLEN, M., STANGOR, C. (2001). Children’s social reasoning about inclusion and exclusion in gender and
race peer group contexts, Child Development, 72, 1, 174-186.
NUCCI, L. (1981). Conceptions of personal issues : A domain distinct from moral and societal concepts. Child
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NUCCI, L., WEBER, E.K. (1995). Social interactions in the home and the development of young childrens’
conceptions of the personal, Child development, 66, 1438-1452.
Shaw, L.A., & Wainryb, C. (1999). The outsider’s perspective: Young adults’ judgments of social practices of
other cultures. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 17, 451-471.
WAINRYB, C. (1991). Understanding differences in moral judgments : The role of informational assumptions,
Child Development, 62, 840-851.
ZELAZO, P.D., HELWIG, C.C., LAU, A. (1996). Intention, act, and outcome in behavioral prediction and
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Approche Hoffman
BOYES, M.C., ALLEN, S.G. (1993). Styles of parents-child interaction and moral reasoning in adolescence,
Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 39, 551-570.
5
HOFFMAN, M.L. (1970). Moral development. Dans P.H. MUSSEN (Ed). Carmichael’s handbook of child
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development. LEA.
HOFFMAN, M.L. (1976). Empathy, rôle-taking, guilt, and development of altruistic motives. Dans T. Lickona
(Ed.). Moral Development and Behavior. New-York : Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
HOFFMAN, M.L. (1983). Affective and cognitive process in moral internalization. Dans E.T. HIGGINS, D.N.
RUBLE ; W.W. HARTUP (Eds). Social Cognition and Social Development, pp.236-274, Cambridge
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HOFFMAN, M.L. (1994). Discipline and internalization, Developmental Psychology, 30, 1, 26-28.
Hoffman, M.L. (2001/2008). Empathie et développement moral : les émotions morales et la justice. Grenoble :
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Autres approches
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France.
BOVET, P. (1912). Les conditions de l’obligation de conscience, l’Année Psychologique.
BOYES, M.C., ALLEN, S.G. (1993). Styles of parent-child interaction and moral reasoning in adolescence,
Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 39, 4, 551-570.
Bulletin de Psychologie (1992). Numéro spécial sur la compréhension de la politesse par les enfants, n°409.
BURSTIN, J. (1953). Aspects de l’évolution socio-morale de l’adolescent, Enfance, 2, 97-146.
CLAPAREDE, E. (1932). Le mensonge et ses antinomies, Bulletin de la Société Française de Philosophie, 3,
89-118.
COUSINET, R. (1938). Sur le mensonge chez les enfants, Journal de psychologie normale et pathologique, 35,
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DUNN, J., CUTTING, A.L., DEMETRIOU, H. (2000). Moral sensibility, understanding others, and children’s
friendship interactions in the preschool period, British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 18, 159177.
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FERGUSON, T.J., STEGGE, H., DAMHUIS, I. (1991). Children’s understanding of guilt and shame, Child
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Piaget, Merrill-Palmer Quaterly, 44, 3, 263-289.
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79, 217-232.
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KAGAN, J., LAMB, S. (1987). The emergence of morality in young children. University of Chicago Press.
KAHN, P.H. (1992). Children’s obligatory and discretionary moral judgments. Child Development, 63, 416-430.
* KURTINES, W.M ; GEWIRTZ, J.L. (1991). Handbook of moral behavior and development. Vol. 1 : Theory,
Vol. 2 : Research, Vol. 3 : Application. USA, Hillsdale, New Jersey : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
LANGFORD, P.E. (1997). Separating judicial from legislative reasoning in moral dilemma interviews, Child
Development, 68, 6, 1105-1116.
6
LEVY, E., LEHALLE, H. (2002). La catégorisation des infractions aux règles sociales chez les adolescents : Au
delà des circonstances, le progrès de l’abstraction, Enfance, n°1 ou 2, 187-206.
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Enfance, 1-2, 75-84.
OLJENIK, A.B. (1980). Adult’s moral reasoning with children, Child Development,51, 1285-1288.
Pizarro, D.A., Ulhman, E. & Bloom, P. (2003). Causal deviance and the attribution of moral responsibility.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 39, 653-660.
SELMAN, R.L. (1971). The relation of role-taking to the development of moral judgment in children, Child
Development, 42, 79-91
WALLON, G.H. (1949). Les notions morales chez l’enfant : Essai de psychologie différentielle, Paris, Presses
Universitaires de France.
WONDERLY, D.M., KUPFERSMID, J. (1979). The relationship between moral judgment and selected
characteristics of mental health, Character potential, 9, 111-116.
Approches spécifiques
Morale et théories de l’esprit
Compréhension de la tromperie
BROOMFIELD, K.A., ROBINSON, E.J., ROBINSON, W.P. (2002). Children’s understanding about white lies,
British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 20, 47-65.
BUSSEY, K. (1992). Lying and truthfulness : Children’s definitions, standards, and evaluative reactions, Child
Development, 63, 129-137.
BUSSEY, K. (1999). Children’s categorization and evaluation of different types of lies and truths, Child
Development, 70, 6, 1338-1347.
Charlois, C. & Diètre, C. (2003). L’oubli d’une promesse: contribution à l’étude de la comprehension du
mensonge par des enfants entre cinq et sept ans. Archives de Psychologie, 70, 23-39.
COUILLARD, N.L., WOODWARD, A.L. (1999). Children’s comprehension of deceptive points, British
Journal of Developmental Psychology, 17, 515-521.
JOHNSON, E.A. (1997). Children’s understanding of epistemic conduct in self-deception and others false belief
stories, Child Development, 68, 6, 1117-1132.
Laval, V. (1997). La comprehension des promesses par les enfants de 3 à 9 ans. Enfance, 4, 483-500.
*PETERSON, C.C. (1995). The role of perceived intention to deceive in children’s and adults’ concepts of lying,
British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 13, 237-260.
RUFFMAN, T., OLSON, D.R., ASH, T., KEENAN, T. (1993). The ABCs of deception : Do young children
understand deception in the same way as adults ?, Developmental Psychology, 29, 1, 74-87.
*SIEGAL, M. (1995). Le « goût » subtil du mensonge et de l’erreur. La recherche, 280, 40-41.
SIEGAL, M., PETERSON, C.C. (1996). Breaking the mold : A fresh look at children’s understanding of
questions about lies and mistakes, Developmental Psychology, 32, 2, 322-334.
SIEGAL, M., PETERSON, C.C. (1998). Preschoolers’understanding of lies and innocent and negligent
mistakes, Developmental Psychology, 34, 2, 332-341.
STRICHARTZ, A.F., BURTON, R.V. (1990). Lies and truth : A study of the development of the concept, Child
Development, 61, 1, 211-220.
WIMMER, H., GRUBER, S., PERNER, J. (1984). Young children’s conception of lying : Lexical realism-moral
subjectivism, Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 37, 1-30.
Capacité de tromperie
*LAFRENIÈRE, P.J., MENARD, J.M. (1990). Le développement de la tromperie tactique chez le jeune enfant.
Enfance, 45, 4, 361-363.
NEWTON, P., REDDY, V., BULL, R. (2000). Children’s everyday deception and performance on false-belief
tasks, British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 18, 297-317.
POLACK, A., HARRIS, P.L. (1999). Deception by young children following noncompliance, Developmental
Psychology, 35, 2, 561-568.
Emotion et morale
7
ARSENIO, W.F, FLEISS, K. (1996). Typical and behaviourally disruptive children’s understanding of the
emotional consequences of socio-moral events, British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 14, 173186.
ARSENIO, W.F., KRAMER, R. (1992). Victimizers and their victims : Children’s conceptions of the mixed
emotional consequences of moral transgressions, Child Development, 63, 4, 915-927.
DUNN, J., CUTTING, A.L., DEMETRIOU, H. (2000). Moral sensibility, understanding others, and children’s
friendship interactions in the preschool period, British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 18, 159177.
KELLER, M., EDELSTEIN, W. (1999). Le développement du raisonnement sociomoral dans un contexte
interculturel, dans J.L. Beauvois, N. Dubois et W.Doise (Eds.), La construction sociale de la personne,
vol 4, pp.43-46. Grenoble, Presses Universitaires de Grenoble.
Keller, M., Gummerum, , Tien Wang, X., & Lindsey, S. (2004). Understanding perspectives and emotions in
contract violation : Developmental of deontic and moral reasoning. Child Development, 75, 2, 614-635.
Keller, M., Lourenço, O., Malti, T., Saalbach, H. (2003). The multifaceted phenomenon of « happy victimizers’ :
A cross-cultural comparison of moral emotions. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 21, 1-18.
LOURENçO, O. (1997). Children’s attributions of moral emotions to victimizers : Some data, doubts and
suggestions, British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 15, 425-438.
LOURENCO, O. (2001). Understanding the moral meaning of children’s attribution of emotions to victimizers
Archives de Psychologie, 69, 268-9, 63-19.
*NUNNER-WINKLER, G., SODIAN, B. (1988). Children’s understanding of moral emotions, Child
Development, 59, 5, 1323-1338.
Yuill, N. & Perner, J. (1988). Intentionality and knowledge in children’s judgments of actors responsibility and
recipient’s emotional reaction. Developmental Psychology, 24, 3, 358-365.
YUILL, N., PERNER, J., PEARSON, A., PEERBHOY, D., VAN DEN ENDE, J. (1996). Children’s changing
understanding of wicked desires : From objective to subjective and moral. British Journal of
Developmental Psychology, 14, 4, 457-475.
WOOLGAR, M., STEELE, H., STEELE, M., YABSLEY, S., FONAGY, P. (2001). Children’s play narrative
responses to hypothetical dilemmas and their awareness of moral emotions, British Journal of
Developmental Psychology, 19, 115-128.
Autres
FLAVELL, J.H., FLAVELL, E.R., GREEN, F.L., MOSES, L.J. (1990). Young children’s understanding of fact
beliefs versus value beliefs, Child Development, 61, 4, 915-928.
FLAVELL, J.H., MUMME, D.L., GREEN, F.L., FLAVELL, E.R. (1992). Young children’s understanding of
different types of beliefs, Child Development, 63, 4, 960-977.
Débuts de la morale
DUNN, J. (1987). The beginnings of moral understanding : Development in the second year, dans J. Kagan et S.
Lamb (Eds.), The emergence of morality in young children, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 91112.
KILLEN, M. (1991). Social and moral development in early childhood, dans William M. Kurtines et Jacob L.
Gewirtz (Eds.), Handbook of moral behavior and development, Vol. 2 : Research, USA, Hillsdale, New
Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 115-138.
LAMB, S. (1991). First moral sense : Aspects of and contributors to a beginning morality in the second year of
life, dans William M. Kurtines et Jacob L. Gewirtz (Eds.), Handbook of moral behavior and
development, Vol. 2 : Research, USA, Hillsdale, New Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 171-189.
PREMACK, D. (1990). The infant’s theory of self propelled objects, Cognition, 36, 1-6.
PREMACK, D. (1993). Connaissance morale chez le nourrisson, dans J.P. Changeux (Ed.), Fondements naturels
de l’éthique, Editions Odile Jacob, 139-154.
WOOLGAR, M., STEELE, H., STEELE, M., YABSLEY, S., FONAGY, P. (2001). Children’s play narrative
responses to hypothetical dilemmas and their awareness of moral emotions, British Journal of
Developmental Psychology, 19, 1, 115-128.
Morale et action
BLASI, A. (1980). Brindging moral cognition and moral action : A critical review of the literature.
Psychological Bulletin, 88, 1, 1-45.
8
KOHLBERG, L., CANDEE, D. (1983). The relationship of moral judgment to moral action, dans W.M.
Kurtines et J.L. (Eds.), Morality, moral behavior and moral Development, New-York, Wiley
Interscience, 52-73.
Kupfersmid, J.H., & Wonderly, D.M. (1980). Moral maturity and behavior: Failure to find a link. Journal of
Youth and Adolescence, 9, 3, 249-261.
Justice distributive (partage et approche sociologique)
DAMON, W. (1975). Early conceptions of positive justice as related to the development of logical operations,
Child Development, 46, 301-312.
DAMON, W. (1981). The development of justice and self-interest during childhood, dans M.J. Lerner et S.C.
Lerner (Eds.)., The justice motive in social behavior, New-York, Plenum, 57-72.
DEUTSCH, M. (1975). Equity, egality and need : What determines which values will be used as the basis of
distributive justice ? Journal of Social Issues, 31, 137-149.
HOOK, J., COOK, T.D. (1979). Equity theory and the cognitive ability of children, Psychological Bulletin, 86,
429-445.
KARNIOL, R., MILLER, D.T. (1981). Morality and the development of conceptions of justice, dans M.J. Lerner
et S.C. Lerner (Eds.)., The justice motive in social behavior, New-York, Plenum, 73-90.
KEIL, L.J., Mac CLINTOCK, C.G. (1983). Developmental perspectives on distributive justice, Dans D.M.
Messik et K.S. Cook (Eds.)., Equity theory : Psychological and sociological perspective, New-York,
Praeger, 13-46.
*KELLERHALS, J., COENEN-HUTER, J. et MODAK, M. (1988). Figures de l’équité. La construction des
normes de justice dans les groupes. Paris, Presses Universitaires de France.
KELLERHALS, J., LANGUIN, N., RITSCHARD, G., SARDI, M. (2000). Les formes du sentiment de
responsabilité dans les mentalités contemporaines : une étude empirique, Revue Française de
Sociologie, 41, 2, 307-329.
KELLERHALS , J., MODAK, M., PERRENOUD, D. (1997). Le sentiment de justice dans les relations sociales,
Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, QSJ ? n°3301.
KELLERHALS, J., MODAK, M., SARDI, M. (1995). Justice, sens de la responsabilité et relations sociales,
L’Année Sociologique, 45, 2, 317-349.
MOESSINGER, P. (1998). Décisions et procédures de l’accord, Paris, Presses Universitaires de France.
SIGELMAN, C.K., WAITZMAN, K.A. (1991). The development of distributive justice orientations : Contextual
influences on children’s resource allocations, Child Development, 62, 1367-1378.
STEINER, I.D. (1999). Qu’est-ce qui est juste ? Une introduction à la psychologie de la justice distributive et
procédurale, dans W. Doise, N. Dubois et J.L. Beauvois (Eds.), La Psychologie Sociale, Vol. 4 : La
construction sociale de la personne, Grenoble, Presses Universitaires de Grenoble, 87-102.
Justice immanente/croyance en un monde juste
Enfants
CARUSO, I.H. (1943). La notion de responsabilité et de justice immanente chez l’enfant. Archives de
Psychologie, 113-171.
FEIN, D., STEIN, G.M. (1977). Immanent punishment and reward in six and nine years old children. The
Journal of Genetic Psychology, 131, 91-96.
JOSE, P.E. (1990). Just world reasoning in children’s immanent justice judgments. Child Development, 61,
1024-1033.
JOSE, P.E. (1991). Measurement issues in children’s immanent justice judgments, Merril-Palmer Quaterly, 37,
4, 601-617.
Karniol, R. (1980). A conceptual analysis of immanent justice responses in children. Child Development, 51,
118-130.
KARNIOL, R. (1982). Behavioral and cognitive correlates of various immanent justice responses in children :
Deterrent versus punitive moral systems, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 4, 811820.
Lannegrand-Willems, L. (2006). Les mécanismes de la croyance en la justice du monde dans la sphere scolaire.
Psychologie & Société, 9, 45-65.
Lecigne, A., & Jocal, L. (2006). La croyance en la justice du monde: tentative de mesure et approche de
quelques determinants. Psychologie & Société, 9, 13-43.
9
SIEGAL, M. (1988). Children’s knowledge of contagion and contamination as causes of illness, Child
Development, 59, 5, 1353-1359.
SPRINGER, K., RUCKEL, J. (1992). Early beliefs about the cause of illness : Evidence against immanent
justice, Cognitive Development, 7, 429-443.
Adultes
ASKEVIS-LEHERPEUX, F. (1988). La superstition, Paris, Presses Universitaires de France.
ASKEVIS-LEHERPEUX, F. (1989). Un facteur psychologique de la superstition et de la croyance aux
parasciences : le « locus of control », Revue Internationale de Psychologie Sociale, 2, 167-181.
BEGUE, L., FUMEY, V. (2000). Belief in a just world or self-serving strategy ? Social Behavior and
Personality, 28, 2, 119-124.
BOY, D., MICHELAT, G. (1986). Croyances aux parasciences : dimensions sociales et culturelles, Revue
Française de Sociologie, 27, 175-204.
CALHOUN, L.G., CANN, A. (1994 ou 1995). Differences in assumptions about a just world : Ethnicity and
point of view. The Journal of Social Psychology, 134, 6, 765-770.
CHALOT, C. (1980). La croyance en un monde juste comme variable intermédiaire des réactions au sort
d’autrui et à son propre sort, Psychologie Française, 25, 1, 51-71.
COMBY, L., DEVOS, T., DESCHAMPS, J.C. (1994). Discriminations à l’égard des personnes atteintes du
sida : Jugements de responsabilité et inférences personnologiques, Revue Européenne des Sciences
Sociales, 32, 63-86.
COMBY, L., DEVOS, T., DESCHAMPS, J.C. (1995). Croyance en un monde juste : Responsabilités
comportementale et morale attribuées aux personnes séropositives, Revue Internationale de Psychologie
Sociale, 2, 83-106.
DECONCHY, J.P. (1982). Analyse du comportement et inférence d’un système de croyances, Archives de
Sciences Sociales des religions, 53, 1, 145-163.
* DECONCHY, J.P. (1984). Systèmes de croyances et représentations idéologiques. B. Analyse d’un
comportement et mise en évidence d’une croyance, dans S. Moscovici (Ed.)., Psychologie Sociale,
Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, 348-355.
FURNHAM, A. (1985). Just world beliefs in an unjust society : A cross-cultural comparison, European Journal
of Social Psychology, 15, 363-366.
FURNHAM, A. (1993). Just world beliefs in twelve societies, Journal of Social Psychology, 133, 317-329.
* FURNHAM, A., PROCTER, E. (1989). Belief in a just world : Review and critique of the individual
difference literature, British Journal of Social Psychology, 28, 365-384.
FURNHAM, A., GUNTER, B. (1984). Just world belief and attitudes toward the poor, British Journal of Social
Psychology, 23, 265-269.
GLENNON, F. JOSEPH, S., HUNTER, J.A. (1993). Just world beliefs in unjust societies : Northern Ireland, The
Journal of Social Psychology, 133, 4, 591-592.
GODFREY, B.W., LOWE, C.A. (1975). Devaluation of innocent victims : An attribution analysis within the just
world paradigm, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 31, 944-951.
Hafer, C.L., & Bègue, L. (2005). Experimental research on Just-Word Theory: Problems, developments, and
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HAVIGURST , R.J., NEUGARTEN, B.L. (1955). Belief in immanent justice and animism, dans R.J. Havigurst
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KLEINKE, C.L. et MEYER, C. (1990). Evaluation of rape victim by men and women with high and low belief
in a just world. Psychology of Women Quartely, 14, 343-353.
Lerner, M.J. (1980). The belief in a just world : A fundamental delusion. New-York: Plenum Press.
LERNER, M.J. (1986). Le thème de la justice ou le besoin de justifier, Bulletin de Psychologie, 39, 374, 205211.
Lerner, M.J. (1998). The two forms of belief in a just world. In L. Montada & M.J. Lerner (Eds.), Responses to
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Lerner, M.J. (2003). The justice motive: Where social psychologists found it, how they lost it, and why they may
not find it again. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 7, 4, 388-399.
Lerner, M.J. (2002). Pursuing the justice motive. In M. Ross & D.T. Miller (Eds.), the justice motive in everyday
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* LERNER, M.J., MILLER, D.T. (1978). Just world research and the attribution process : Looking back and
ahead, Psychological Bulletin, 85, 1030-1051.
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10
LIPKUS, I. (1991). The construction and preliminary validation of a global belief in a just world scale. Personal
Individual Differences, 12, 11, 1171-1178.
Montada, L. (2002). Doing the justice to the justice motive. In M. Ross & D.T. Miller (Eds.), the justice motive
in everyday life (pp. 41-62). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
O’Quinn, K., & Vogler, C.C. (1989). Effects of just world beliefs on perceptions of crime perpetrators and
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Raman, L., & Winer, G.A. (2004). Evidence of more immanent justice responding in adults than children: a
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WHATLEY, M.A. (1992 ou 1993). Belief in a just world scale : Unidimensional or multidimensional ? The
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ZUCKERMAN, M. (1975). Belief in a just world and altruistic behavior, Journal of Personality and Social
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Morale et différence des sexes
BROUGHTON, J.M. (1983). Women’s rationality and men’s virtues : A critique of gender dualism in Gilligan’s
theory of moral Development, Social Research, 3, 597-642.
BROWN, L.M., DEBOLD, E., TAPPAN, M., GILLIGAN, C. (1991). Reading narratives of conflict and choice
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GILLIGAN , à propos du développement du jugement moral. Déviance et Société, 10, 1, 21-38.
EISENBERG, N., MARTIN, C.L., FABES, R.A. (1996). Gender development and gender effects. In D.C.
Berliner, R.C. Calfee (Eds.), Handbook of educational psychology (pp. 358-396). USA : Arizona State
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Gilligan, C. (1977). In a different voice : Women’s conceptions of self and of morality. Harvard Educational
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*GILLIGAN, C. (1982, 1986). Une si grande différence. Paris, Flammarion.
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GILLIGAN, C., MURPHY, J.M. (1979). Development from adolescence to adulthood : The philosopher and the
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HASTE, H., BADDELEY, J. (1991). Moral theory and culture : The case of gender. Dans William M. Kurtines
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Psychanalyse
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