Question Words
Transcription
Question Words
21 Question Words Les question words sont des mots placés au début des questions, devant les auxiliaires, dans le but de préciser le contexte de la question: Traduction What Quel/s Quelle/s Que Utilisation Dans le but de savoir quoi What did you buy? What are you doing? What time is it? What is the problem? Dans le sens propre Avec un adjectif How did you come here? How old are you? How far is it? How often do you go swimming? Qu'est-ce que How Comment Fréquence How many Combien How much Combien Who (Whom) Whose Which When Why Where Exemples Pour exprimer un nombre How many fingers do you have? Pour exprimer une quantité Argent How much sugar do you usually put in your coffee? How much did you pay for it? Qui Avec qui De qui Pour qui À qui Lorsque qui est sujet Lorsque qui est objet (Whom) Who called me? Who did you go with? Who did you get it from? Who is this gift for? Who did you give it to? À qui Exprime la possession Quel/s Quelle/s Lequel Laquelle Lesquels Lesquelles Exprime un choix restreint Whose book is it? Whose son are you? Which colours do you prefer? Which car is yours? Which computer is the best? Quand Exprime une notion de temps When will you go home? Pourquoi Pour connaître une raison Why are you late? Où Pour connaître un endroit Where are you from? 22 A. Use an appropriate question word to complete the questions. 1. did you put your books? On the desk. 2. did you speak to Mrs. Adams? Two days ago 3. do you need money? To buy a new suit 4. will they arrive at the airport? Around 10 o'clock 5. did the accident happen? At the fourth intersection 6. do you want to go home? Because it is late. 7. invited George to eat? The Taylors 8. did the Taylors serve for dinner? A roast beef 9. are you going to speak to? Philip 10. dictionary is yours? The small one 11. books are on the table? Rick's 12. money do you have on you? $20,00 13. sugar would you like in your coffee? Two spoons 14. children do you have? Three children 15. drove you home? Jack drove me home. 16. did you sleep last night? 8 hours 17. took my pencil? Terry took it 18. happened? I had an accident. 19. car broke down? Brian's one 20. was he late? Because he missed the bus. 23 B. Ask a question in the present according to the highlighted part of the sentence. Ex: He goes to Vancouver every year. Where does he go every year? 1. He works on Tuesday. 2. He buys his newspaper at the corner store. 3. Brian works at the restaurant. 4. Joe talks to Melanie every day. 5. She likes eating fine cuisine. 6. They come because they like lobster. 7. The Avalanche usually fights well against the Panthers. 8. I usually have twenty dollars on me. 9. I meet you at 11 o'clock.. 10. I am a friend of Susan. 24 Indefinite article Traduction a an Un/Une Un/Une Devant les consonnes Devant les voyelles Ex: A blue car Ex: An apple Devant le son you Emplois Ex: A University Devant le son wa Ex: A one-day trip Devant un H aspiré Devant un H muet* Ex: A house/a horse Ex: An hour Les indefinite articles ne s’utilisent pas devant des noms collectifs* ou au pluriels. Ne s’utilise pas Ex : There is a car There are a cars I need information I need an information * Voir liste Mots avec un H muet Les mots avec un H muet se prononcent comme s'ils n'en avaient pas. Ex: hour our - Helicopter - honorable - hour - honorary - honest - honor\honour Noms collectifs Voici la liste des noms collectifs les plus utilisés en anglais. Ces mots ne prennent pas d'article indéfini à l'avant et ne prennent jamais de "s" au pluriel, car ils sont considérés comme étant au pluriel. - advice - behaviour - bread - chocolate - homework - information - news - people - permission - progress - toast - traffic - travel - trouble - weather - work -… 25 A. Complete the following sentences using an appropriate indefinite article when necessary. 1. They have nice garden. 2. My father is honest man. 3. I have to buy 4. It's present for my sister. honor to meet you. 5. I need new driver's licence. 6. This is good invitation, I can't refuse it. 7. I'll buy 8. I need 9. There is bread at the grocery store. special permission to go to the bathroom. bee in my blue car. 10. You'll buy English dictionary for my class. 11. Nicole Kidman is 12. Paul is actress. good dentist. 13. We need information. We got lost. 14. I asked Michael for advice. 15. We have big dog. 16. She has new car. 17. I saw 18. We like 19. They ordered 20. We are making helicopter in the sky. chocolate. pizza. progress. 26 B. Translate these sentences into English. 1. Il y a une voiture rouge dans le stationnement. 2. Je mange une pomme à chaque jour. 3. J'ai une nouvelle pour toi! 4. Je suis un étudiant. 5. Bonjour, j'ai besoin d'une information. 6. J'ai un devoir. 7. Ma soeur a un nouveau cd. 8. Le spectacle dure une heure. 9. J'ai un chien. 10. Mon père est une personne honnête. 11. J’ai un nouveau crayon. 12. Elle a un devoir à terminer. 13. Nous avons une permission spéciale. 14. C’est une nouvelle élève. 15. Mon père a un hélicoptère. 27 Definite article L'article défini the sert à préciser un contexte. Il se traduit par le, la, les ou l'. Exemple: I don't like milk. Je n'aime pas le lait (je ne bois pas de lait). Par contre, si on dit: I don't like the milk. Je n'aime pas le lait (je bois du lait, mais celui-ci n'est pas bon). The 1) Devant les mots singuliers comme pluriels. S'utilise 2) Devant un nom de canal, d'océan, de rivière, de mer, de péninsule, de fleuve et d'une chaîne de montagnes. 3) Devant les choses considérées comme uniques (sea, sky, ground, Earth, sun, moon, world, universe, North pole...) 4) Devant un pays au pluriel ou une nation. 5) Devant les mots Island, city, republic, kingdom. 1) Devant un nom de ville ou province. 2) Devant un nom de continent ou de pays au singulier. Ne s'utilise pas 3) Devant les noms de rue, de boulevard, d'avenue, de parc et de carrefour. 4) Devant un nom de baie, de cap, d'île, de détroit ou de lac. 5) Devant les mots northern, western, southern, eastern. 6) Devant un jeu ou un sport. 7) Devant un jour de la semaine, une saison, une langue ou une matière scolaire. 28 A. Fill in the blanks with the if necessary. 1. We live in Mont-Tremblant 2. I visited Rockies in 1995. 3. sofa on which you are sitting is comfortable. 4. She likes 5. tennis. Friday is my favorite day of the week. 6. We went to Chicago last summer. 7. I visited United states two years ago. 8. Lac St-Jean is very big. 9. climate of 10. New York city is southern Italy is very warm. 11. I don’t like biggest town in French. 12. fire that destroyed 13. Teenagers like heavy metal music. house started in 14. There are several magazines on 15. I don't like 17. United states. table in strawberries; I prefer largest river in 18. On our trip to North America is kitchen. hall. raspberries. St. Lawrence. South America, we plan to stop in Haïti and Dominican republic. We are going to swim in 19. I'm best teacher. And you're 20. sky on Mars is pink. Atlantic ocean. best students. 29 B. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate article (the, a or an) if necessary. 1. We all had good time at 2. There is 3. table in party last night. English classroom. Mexico's subways are very quiet. 4. It seems that Russian language is difficult to learn. 5. My wife bought new stove last week.. It has light for and zoo in the afternoon. 7. When you go to Toronto, make sure to visit Canada is rich in 9. I enjoyed clock, oven. 6. We often go to 8. timer, natural resources. movie. It spoke about 10. Please, open windows. 11. Traffic on 12. Mont-Tremblant is CN tower. problems in Africa. air isn't fresh. Grandville st. is heavy. biggest ski station in Eastern Canada. 13. Mr. and Mrs. Ames are now travelling in Venezuela, 14. There is 15. Colombia, man waiting at south of America. They plan to visit Peru and Argentina. door. computer we ordered does not work. 16. I found note on door. It was from milkman. 17. There was collision in front of my house yesterday. 18. Will you take car to go to the party? 19. I met 20. parents of my new girlfriend last night. good student always studies before exam. 30 Verb to be (past tense) Affirmations Subject Verb to be Object I You He She It We You They was were was was was were were were present. Subject Verb to be Not Object Contraction Negations Questions I You He She It We You They was were was was was were were were wasn't weren't wasn't wasn't wasn't weren't weren't weren't not present. Verb to be Subject Object Was Were Was Was Was Were Were Were I you he she it we you they present? 31 A. When possible, use the contracted form of the verb to be. 1. I was absent. 2. They were good students. 3. She was not present. 4. He was thirty-three years old. 5. Bruno and I were in group 18. 6. We were not very good friends. 7. That dog was very dangerous. 8. She was mad at you. 9. You were not happy. 10. I was not very tall. 11. My wife and I were pleased to meet you. 12. He was not happy. 13. They were not home. 14. Steve and Cynthia were good at sports. 15. The dog was not in the backyard. 16. Mary was a doctor. 17. You were a good child. 18. It was on January 13th. 19. My father was not in a good mood. 20. I was against the war in Irak. 32 B. Translate these sentences into French or English. 1. J'étais. 2. Where was I? 3. Tu étais. 4. C’était plaisant. 5. Ils étaient. 6. Where were you? 7. Elle était contente. 8. You were. 9. Etait-il (le chat)? 10. Elle n'était pas présente. 11. Was I? 12. I was not. 13. They were not. 14. It was Sunday. 15. Nous étions absent. 16. Était-il (le chien)? 17. He was in secondary one. 18 Elles n'étaient pas. 19. Why were you absent? 20. Où étiez-vous? 33 There was/There were There was/ There were est la formule utilisée pour exprimer il y avait. There Verb to be (past) Object was a book on the table. were two books on the table. Affirmations There Verb to be (past) There No was Negations no There were Object book on the table. books on the table. no Verb to be (past) Questions Was There there Were Object a book on the table? two books on the table? A. Use the correct form of there was/there were. 1. someone at the door 2 minutes ago? 2. many policemen in our city last summer. 3. flowers on the table last night. 4. a mistake in your sentence. 5. two cars in the parking lot yesterday. 34 B. Last night, you had a dream . Tell your dream. Describe this picture using there was/there were. Use negations too. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. C. Translate these sentences into French or English. 1. Y avait-il un crayon sur la table ce matin? 2. There were 30 students in my group last year. 3. There was a pool in my backyard. 4. Il n'y avait personne à la maison. 5. There were animals at the zoo I visited. 35 Simple Past Modes Simple Progressive Perfect Perfect Progressive Tenses Present Past Future Conditional Present Past Future Conditional Present Past Future Conditional Present Past Future Conditional Utilisation du simple past Le simple past exprime une action complètement terminée. Ex: I worked yesterday. They went to Montréal last week. N.B. Le simple past se traduit généralement par le passé composé, mais parfois aussi par l'imparfait ou le passé simple. Subject Affirmations Verb in the past Object went (irregular) to school yesterday. worked (regular) last night. I You He/She/It We You They Les verbes au simple past se conjuguent tous de la même façon à toutes les personnes indépendamment qu'ils soient réguliers ou irréguliers. Par contre, leur forme change selon qu'ils sont réguliers ou irréguliers. Irréguliers: 1) Changent de forme Ex: To go went 2) Ne changent pas Ex: To cut cut Il n'existe pas d'autres façons pour connaître le passé des verbes irréguliers que de les apprendre à l'aide d'une liste (voir p.44) et les utiliser régulièrement. 36 Réguliers: Prennent toujours ed à la fin. Par contre, 1) Les verbes se terminant par "e" à l'infinitif prennent un "d". Ex: To date dated 2) Les verbes se terminant par Y: a) gardent le y s'il est précédé d'une voyelle. Ex: To pray prayed b) changent le y pour "ied" s'il est précédé d'une consonne. Ex: To study studied 3) Les verbes n'ayant qu'une syllabe: a) se terminant par une voyelle et une consonne prennent deux consonnes. Ex: To stop ----> stopped b) se terminant par deux voyelles et une consonne prennent une consonne. Ex: To rain ----> rained Prononciation des verbes réguliers au passé La prononciation du "ed" en anglais prend trois formes: T, D et ED. a) Les verbes se terminant par les sons: S, SH, CH, K et P se prononcent (T) au passé. Ex: Practice (S) Practiced (T) Wash (SH) Washed (T) Watch (CH) Watched (T) Kick (K) Kicked (T) Stop (P) Stopped (T) b) Les verbes se terminant par les sons: B, L, M, N, R et Z se prononcent (D) au passé. Ex: Kill (L) Killed (D) Learn (N) Learned (D) Roar (R) Roared (D) Memorize (Z) Memorized (D) c) Les verbes se terminant par les sons: D et T se prononcent (ED) au passé. Ex: Want (T) Wanted (ED) Trade (D) Traded (ED) 37 Subject Auxiliary Not Verb (infinitive) Object work last night. go to school yesterday. Contraction Negations I Auxiliary Yes/no questions Did Question word Information questions Why did didn't Subject not Verb (infinitve) Object work last night? go to school yesterday? he Auxiliary did Subject you Verb (infinitive) Object work last night? go to school yesterday? Mots clés: Ils peuvent se placer à plusieurs endroits dans la phrase. In… Ex: Jacques Cartier discovered Québec in 1534. In 1608, Champlain founded Québec. Last… Ex: Last weekend, I went to Montreal I went to Montreal last Thursday. Yesterday Ex: I worked yesterday. …ago Ex: 5 years ago, I was in grade 2. 38 A. Conjugate the verbs in the simple past using the subject in brackets. 1. To pray (he) 2. To glance (I) 3. To dance (you) 4. To prefer (they) 5. To write (she) 6. To fly (we) 7. To be (I) 8. To begin (he) 9. To use (we) 10. To laugh (they) 11. To be (you) 12. To jump (you) 13. To sing (he) 14. To listen (I) 15. To cry (he) 16. To swim (it) 17. To travel (you) 18. To work (she) 19. To display (you) 20. To whistle (I) 39 B. Conjugate the verbs in the simple past. 1. I (to go) to work every day last week. 2. They (to meet) 3. When her on Monday. Ann (to get up) this morning? 4. We (to drink) juice. 5. Bob (to know) the answers. 6. The goaler (to stop, negation) the puck. 7. We (to sleep) very well last night. 8. They (to play, negation) 9. Where tennis yesterday. you (to mail) 10. I (to leave) the letter? because I (to have) 11. We (to like, negation) a headache. the movie. 12. I (to do) the laundry yesterday. 13. She (to go out) with her boyfriend last week. 14. Christine (to be, negation) 15. (to be) alone. you alone? 16. Peter (to take) my pencil. 17. He (to write) a letter to her girlfriend. 18. Why she (to sell) her bike? 19. We (to have, negation) 20. I (to eat) school yesterday. at St-Hubert last night. 40 C. Translate the following sentences into French or English. 1. J'ai mangé. 2. A-t-elle conduit? 3. Est-ce qu'elle a conduit? 4. She understood. 5. Did you sleep? 6. She played. 7. Tu n'as pas bu. 8. Nous avons dormi. 9. Did we drink? 10. Ont-elles conduit? 11. Did he play? 12. Il n'a pas joué (le chat). 13. I understood. 14. Vous n'avez pas bu. 15. Elles ont conduit. 16. Were they at school? 17. I didn't play. 18. We drank. 19. Est-ce que vous avez joué? 20. Did you understand? 41 21. Est-ce que j'ai dormi? 22. J'avais 10 ans. 23. We didn't drive. 24. A-t-elle étudié? 25. He drank. 26. I didn’t study for my exam. 27. As-tu regardé la partie? 28. Were you serious? 29. She didn’t do her homework. 30. Avez-vous gagné? 31. I lost my eraser. 32. J’ai visité Ottawa. 33. I went to cinema. 34. Elles ont vu le film. 35. J’ai appellé mon ami. 36. Nous n’avons pas aimé le spectacle. 37. I did motocross. 38. She didn’t stop calling me. 39. Where were you? 40. Il a mangé le jambon (le chat).