process - SpectroNet

Transcription

Spektrale Farbmessung
in der Druckmaschine —
Kerntechnologie zukünftiger
Automatisierungsansätze
Arved Hübler
17. Workshop für Farbbildverarbeitung in Konstanz 29. September 2011
member
of
Institut für Print- und Medientechnik der TU Chemnitz
[Institute for Print and Media Technology at Chemnitz University of Technology]
Director: Prof. Dr. Arved C. Hübler • Reichenhainer Str. 70 • 09126 Chemnitz • Germany
http://www.tu-chemnitz.de/pm • [email protected] • Phone: +49-371-531-23610 • Fax: -23619
pmINDIA: linking high potentials
Education:
M.Sc. Double degree
Print & Media technology
Manipal University
TU Chemnitz
Research:
Contact office:
industrial projects
& academic projects
Kiran Prayagi, Akurli Road,
Kandivali, East Mumbai - 400 101
Phone: +91 9820441799
http://pm-india.in
future:
Establishing a
joint Indo-German
Technology Center
Indian students → Chemnitz
German students → Manipal
supported by DAAD
Conferences
Packaging printing 22.11.11 Mumbai
Color science 1.3.12 Mumbai
Industrial Networking
Institute for Print & Media Technology
of Chemnitz University of Technology
since 1956
✦
✦
✦
• Frankfurt
✦
2
sources:
authors:
world leading institute for print media technologies
150 students, 50 faculty members, 2 professors
interdisciplinary research: printed electronics,
digital printing, conventional presses & processes
3 study programmes, one in English (M.Sc.)
at
Ⓒ 1.4. 2011
pmTUC printing lab: web printing (offset, gravure, flexo)
1. future of printing
2. automation
3. spectral analysis
3
sources:
authors:
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
of
the past & the future ?
WOR
CA ST
SE
traditional printing has to change, because the world is changing!
4
sources: Images: print media 2010, Spiegel 25/2010
authors: A. Hübler
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
of
long term view to media …
innovation
electronics
direct
digital printing mail CIP 4
printing
labels
rotative & web
offset printing
packaging
newspaper
gravure
writing
Gutenberg‘s mass printing
➙ knowledge
society !
?
—
modern
➙ high-tech
world
➙ civilization
sumerian & egyptian
writing
5,000
years ago
5
sources:
authors: A. Hübler
phoenician alphabet
indian numerals
500
years ago
today
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
of
… changing printing …
innovation
physical
functionality
electronics
printed electronics
printing
imaging
writing
!
did
not disappear
after invention
of printing
5,000
years ago
6
sources:
authors: A. Hübler
?
—
mass
duplication
Graphic Arts
plotter, ink jet,
laser imaging,
photo, … prepress
tech pens
future printing will be
defined as an important
mass production
technology for all types
of structures
technical
structuring
decoration
handwriting with
a wide variety of
sophisticated
writing tools
incl.: imaging tools
like desktop printer
500
years ago
today
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
of
3PV printed paper photo voltaics — a paradigm shift
www.pppv.de
using
✦ gravure & flexo printing
✦ ordinary paper as substrate
✦ cheap functional materials
archiving 1,5% power efficiency today
aiming 100 days life time, and more
featuring very easy handling
7
sources:
authors:
at
Ⓒ 1.4. 2011
the world of printing 2010 – 2020: R&D
R&D TRENDS
REQUIREMENTS
traditional
printing
developed
markets
smallest
run length
Process
stagnation
labour costs
Costs
Emerging
markets
growing
new
products
& markets
low investment
Quality
1. digital presses
increasing capacities is
decreasing price level
increasing productivity
2. automated press
3. cheap presses
sufficient range of
technologies available,
no R&D focus
killer application ?
no distinct trend
printed electronics
press & work flow automation is the driving force of printing press development
8
sources: pmTUC (9/2010)
authors: A. Hübler
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
of
the world of printing 2010 – 2020: market
developed
markets
traditional
printing
the power of economic laws for
market stagnation
stagnation
TRENDS
✦
disappearing of most of the traditional printers (SME)
✦
fast growing of web-to-print chains
✦
a few dominating giants (Arvato/Bertelsmann etc.)
✦
forget the traditional understanding of quality and color:
★
Simple self-service good-enough will become the standard
press & work flow automation is the driving force of printing press development
9
authors: A. Hübler
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
of
quality ?
quality becomes commodity.
quality is possible, everytime.
quality is no longer a big issue of R&D,
but only a topic of organisation.
(high) standard quality
instead of
quality standards
!
Do not use quality as vanishing point, check it off.
10
authors: A. Hübler
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
of
pmTUC printing lab
2. automation
11
sources:
authors:
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
of
the key issues of press automation
„Zero-operator-press“
reduce the number of operators to zero. Only very
few control operators at a central unit supervise the
whole production plant.
„One-button-press“
reduce the requirements in human skills. the press
becomes intelligent enough to control the
functionality itself.
„resilience press“
increase the reliability of the system. It has to run in a
stable manner, tolerant to mis-adjustments and
unexpected conditions.
12
authors: A. Hübler
State of the Art Benchmark
is a pool of laser printers:
Electro photography is more
complex than offset printing,
gravure or flexography!
Nevertheless a laser printer
pool needs only a few
operators, restocking the
paper and changing toner
cartridge. the print jobs are
automatically spooled by a
server in the prepress
department.
Is this possible for a
printing press, too?
It has, unless …
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
of
press automation
press concept
control intelligence
specifics
understanding
of the process
basics
measurement of the
process conditions
& press status
•
•
•
•
influencing
the process
deal only with physical primary values, which are relevant to the process
increase the scientific understanding of the printing process
look over all four segments of the printing process
use state of the art sensor concepts ⇨ Smart sensors
ink transport
substrate transport
13
authors: A. Hübler
ink layer formation
layer solidifcation
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
of
New approach: NO colormetry
process control and subjective feelings of the user
are totally different topics.
Do not mix it up!
process
control
pure
physical
entities
product
specification
technologies for
process control
perceptual
entities
customer
expectations
support technologies for
emotional decisions
agree for a
common
language to
specify the print
product (CIP4?)
14
authors: A. Hübler
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
of
pmTUC printing lab
2. automation
15
sources:
authors:
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
of
the optical spectrum of the print as memory of the
process
roller pressure
ink control
drying process
conditions
ink formulation
layer thickness
layermorphology
Lambert-Beer
law
reflection
raster dots
raster geometry
prepress
Neugebauer
equation
substrate
remission
substrate
internal scattering
korr. Yule-Nielsen
effect
spectrum of
remission
paper wetting
…
color
scoring of
deviations
color metrics
16
authors: A. Hübler
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
of
developing a »spectral analysis« systems …
✴ using the spectral remission as integral signal describing
the printing process.
✴ knowing the process enabling the analysis the spectrum
to detect the status of the process.
✴ we need:
✦
✦
✦
✦
high res ]1 nm[
analytical process knowledge
calculation power
R&D budget
printed
structure
17
authors: A. Hübler
analyze
measure
light
ink
substrate
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
of
looking through an Aperture
1. substrate
aluminum mirror
illuminate a sharp
edged spot,
receiving a sharp
edged spot.
printed
structure
light
ink
substrate
1µm = 0,001 mm
14
18
sources:sources: pmTUC (4/2007)
authors:authors: A. Hübler, A. Willert
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
pm
A-key:
of
Institute for Print & Media Technology Chemnitz
©
TUC
Remission through an Aperture
2. substrate
Uncoated paper
n23581
The edge is blurred
and inhomogenious
substrate
15
19
sources:sources: pmTUC (4/2007)
authors:authors: A. Hübler, A. Willert
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
A-key:
of
Institute for Print & Media Technology Chemnitz
©
a blurred edge: optical measuring the scattering
Aluminum mirror
uncoated paper
light
intensity
[rel.units]
coated paper
the inner conditions of the substrate
structure define the horizontal light
scattering
Distance from center [µm]
20
authors: A. Hübler
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
of
detecting the effect in the spectrum
Raster dot
At the edge of a structure
like a printed dot,
an area with a
different color
occur because
of the YuleNielsen effect!
Y‘
Yule-nielsen effect leads to a
specific spectral deformation
Y&M
wave length
More colors = more difficult Yule-Nielsen effects
M‘&Y‘
21
plain
area
Area of
Yule-Nielsen effect
M‘&Y
authors: A. Hübler
remission
Y
Smaller structures
= higher Yule
-Nielsen effect
M&Y‘
ΔE
M
M‘
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
of
The future of color technologies
2010+
spectral color technologies
press automation: to control the press, the physical laws of
ink layer formation and it‘s optical effects is necessary
1990
e
objective quality standards: to get a comparable output of
different production types (presses, plants, technologies,…)
tim
1965
colormetric exchange definitions CIE L*a*b* ...
standardized process definitions: Euroskala, SWAP ...
ISO
standard process: to get a guaranteed quality level of print
output from one press
1910
process-based color mixture definitions RGB, CMYK ...
process: to get color mixture out of a standard set of pigments
1650
material-based color mixture definitions („recipes“): HKS, Pantone ...
color: to get a sufficient variety of reproducible colored inks
22
authors: A. Hübler
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
of
summary
electronics
➙
knowledge
society ?
innovation
like writing, printing will
stay alive as a good
business with strong
technical innovations
•
direct
saturation ?
digital printing mail CIP 4
printing
labels
rotative & web
offset printing
Automatization
is the key in the development of advanced printing
packaging
modern
technologies
in the next decade.
newspaper
➙ high-tech
gravure
world
a central functionality
of press automation.
• Inline spectral analysis isGutenberg‘s
writing
mass printing
•
Much deeper scientific knowledge of the physical properties and the
behavior of the process components is necessary.
➙ civilization
•
Because of the restricted resources in the printing industry, new ways
sumerian & egyptian
phoenician alphabet
of co-operation
are
necessary.
writing
indian numerals
5,000
years ago
23
sources:
authors: A. Hübler
500
years ago
today
Ⓒ 1.May 2010
of
Arved Hübler
17. Workshop für Farbbildverarbeitung in Konstanz 29. September 2011
thank you for your attention
member
of
Institut für Print- und Medientechnik der TU Chemnitz
[Institute for Print and Media Technology at Chemnitz University of Technology]
Director: Prof. Dr. Arved C. Hübler • Reichenhainer Str. 70 • 09126 Chemnitz • Germany
http://www.tu-chemnitz.de/pm • [email protected] • Phone: +49-371-531-23610 • Fax: -23619

process - SpectroNet

Transcription

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